Article(id=1240738482189029776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240738480549065614, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411061, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1730822400000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773744705960, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1746806400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773744705960, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773744705960, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773744705960, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240738480549065614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773744705569, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773744787657, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240738824918192654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240738480549065614, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240738824922386959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240738480549065614, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1550, endPage=1555, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240738482478436757, articleId=1240738482189029776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Research on the construction of a stroke risk scoring tool for middle-aged and elderly Chinese people based on the evidence-based and empirical causal framework, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To construct a stroke risk scoring tool for middle - aged and elderly Chinese people based on meta-analysis and physical examination data from primary medical institutions.
Methods Cohort studies on risk factors for stroke onset in the Chinese population were retrieved, and predictive factors were determined through meta-analysis. Referring to the construction method of the Framingham 10-year risk scoring tool, a stroke risk scoring tool for middle-aged and elderly Chinese people was established. The Kailuan cohort and the Hongguang physical examination cohort were used as external validation populations. Indicators such as the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the scoring tool.
Results Thirty-eight studies were included in the meta-analysis, and finally 14 factors were identified as stroke predictive factors: old age, male gender, underweight, overweight, obesity, stage 1 hypertension, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, high total cholesterol, high triglycerides, low-level high-density lipoprotein, history of atrial fibrillation, family history of stroke, and current smoking. The Kailuan cohort included 137 501 people, and 2 351 cases of stroke occurred during the follow-up period. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.74 (95%CI:0.73-0.75), the sensitivity was 0.78 (95%CI: 0.77-0.80), and the specificity was 0.59 (95%CI: 0.58-0.59). The Hongguang physical examination cohort included 7 194 subjects, and 927 people had strokes during the follow-up period. The AUC was 0.61 (95%CI: 0.59-0.63), and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.52 (95%CI: 0.50-0.56) and 0.65 (95%CI: 0.64-0.66),respectively.
Conclusion The stroke risk scoring tool has good predictive efficacy in middle-aged and elderly people undergoing physical examinations. It has high feasibility for popularization and application in primary medical institutions, can help identify high-risk populations for stroke, and provide a basis for stroke prevention and intervention strategies.
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目的 基于meta分析和基层医疗机构体检数据,构建中国中老年人卒中风险评分工具。
方法 检索中国人群卒中发病危险因素队列研究,通过meta分析确定预测因子;参考弗明汉10年风险评分工具的构建方法,建立中国中老年人群的卒中风险评分工具;以开滦队列、红光体检队列为外部验证人群,采用受试者工作特征(receiver operator characteristic, ROC)曲线、灵敏度、特异度等指标评价评分工具的预测效能。
结果 38篇研究纳入meta分析,最终有14个因素为卒中预测因子:年龄大、男性、体重过轻、超重、肥胖、高血压1期、高血压史、糖尿病史、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯、低水平高密度脂蛋白、房颤史、卒中家族史和当前吸烟。开滦队列纳入137 501人,随访期间发生2 351例卒中,曲线下面积(area under curve, AUC)为0.74(95%CI:0.73~0.75),灵敏度为0.78(95%CI:0.77~0.80),特异度为0.59(95%CI:0.58~0.59);红光体检队列纳入对象7 194名,随访期间有927人发生卒中,AUC为0.61(95%CI:0.59~0.63),灵敏度和特异度分别为0.52(95%CI:0.50~0.56)、0.65(95%CI:0.64~0.66)。
结论 卒中风险评分工具在中老年体检人群中具有较好的预测效能,在基层医疗机构推广应用可行性高,可帮助识别卒中高风险人群,为卒中预防和干预策略提供依据。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=H6BoqWfVeRODZmvYrl4t3A==, magXml=Az8IFEYd00un5kzuay46MQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=9ut9kqqGWwIUuG+OayGD2Q==, pdfFileSize=885346, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=YQ7RrMj9UDkEavvzYAazpQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Bm17J9RoOgyhL9OzBFT5zg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
沈明辉(1981—),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向:数字健康医学人工智能,健康医疗大数据
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文献筛选流程及结果, figureFileSmall=oMRVYup/CADuvq9mK15Vng==, figureFileBig=T7km8aaLyhnsTmXq7QXNpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081878447444800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Forest plot of risk factors for stroke in the Chinese population, figureFileSmall=8NHI1+TKmGO1/WsjUhoCvA==, figureFileBig=I0uIgeROkPZ8BG8HxX96uA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081878560691021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
中国人群卒中发病危险因素的meta分析森林图注:体重过轻,BMI<18.5 kg/m2;超重,BMI 24~28 kg/m2;肥胖,BMI≥28 kg/m2;中心性肥胖,男性腰围>90 cm,女性>80 cm;收缩压、舒张压单位为每升高10 mm Hg;血压升高,120≤SBP≤129 mm Hg和DBP<80 mm Hg;高血压1期,130≤SBP≤139 mm Hg或80≤DBP≤89 mm Hg;高血压,经医生明确诊断为高血压或接受降压治疗;糖尿病,经医生明确诊断为糖尿病或接受降糖治疗;高总胆固醇(TC),TC≥6.22 mmol/L;高甘油三酯(TG),TG≥1.7 mmol/L;低水平高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C),男性<1.03 mmol/L,女性<1.29 mmol/L;卒中家族史,一级或二级亲属曾发生卒中。
, figureFileSmall=8NHI1+TKmGO1/WsjUhoCvA==, figureFileBig=I0uIgeROkPZ8BG8HxX96uA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081878699103055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=
ROC curves for stroke risk prediction in the Kailuan Cohort (left) and the Hongguang Elderly Health Examination Cohort (right), figureFileSmall=EvpmTCiL/4NDwLqK/p9TZw==, figureFileBig=Rl357ubsgpWzgFBVfk7jsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081878850098010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
开滦队列(左)和红光体检队列(右)卒中风险预测ROC曲线, figureFileSmall=EvpmTCiL/4NDwLqK/p9TZw==, figureFileBig=Rl357ubsgpWzgFBVfk7jsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081878971732833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Stroke risk score
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 影响因素 | 分组 | 分值 |
|---|
| 年龄(岁) | 30~39,40~49,50~59,60~ 69,70~80,80及以上 | 0,1,2,3, 4,5 |
| 性别 | 女性,男性 | 0,1 |
| BMI | 体重过轻,正常,超重,肥胖 | -1,0,0.5,1 |
| 高血压1期 | 否,是 | 0,1 |
| 高血压 | 否,是 | 0,2 |
| 糖尿病 | 否,是 | 0,1 |
| 高TC | 否,是 | 0,0.5 |
| 高TG | 否,是 | 0,1 |
| 低水平HDL-C | 否,是 | 0,0.5 |
| 房颤疾病史 | 无,有 | 0,2.5 |
| 卒中家族史 | 无,有 | 0,1.5 |
| 当前吸烟 | 否,是 | 0,0.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241081880473293670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
卒中风险评分表
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 影响因素 | 分组 | 分值 |
|---|
| 年龄(岁) | 30~39,40~49,50~59,60~ 69,70~80,80及以上 | 0,1,2,3, 4,5 |
| 性别 | 女性,男性 | 0,1 |
| BMI | 体重过轻,正常,超重,肥胖 | -1,0,0.5,1 |
| 高血压1期 | 否,是 | 0,1 |
| 高血压 | 否,是 | 0,2 |
| 糖尿病 | 否,是 | 0,1 |
| 高TC | 否,是 | 0,0.5 |
| 高TG | 否,是 | 0,1 |
| 低水平HDL-C | 否,是 | 0,0.5 |
| 房颤疾病史 | 无,有 | 0,2.5 |
| 卒中家族史 | 无,有 | 0,1.5 |
| 当前吸烟 | 否,是 | 0,0.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241081880586539890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Baseline characteristics of subjects for model verification [($ \bar{x} \pm s$),n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 开滦队列 | | 红光体检队列 |
|---|
| 总人群(n=137 501) | 卒中发病 | 总人群(n=7 194) | 卒中发病 |
|---|
| 未发病(n=135 150) | 发病(n=2 351) | 未发病(n=6 267) | 发病(n=927) |
|---|
| 年龄ab(岁) | 50.4±12.2 | 50.3±12.2 | 59.8±10.3 | 65.92±8.30 | 65.40±8.31 | 69.45±7.27 |
| 性别ab | | | | | | |
| 女 | 26 012 (18.92) | 25 757 (19.06) | 255 (10.85) | 4 081 (56.73) | 3 519 (56.15) | 562 (60.63) |
| 男 | 111 489 (81.08) | 109 393 (80.94) | 2 096 (89.15) | 3 113 (43.27) | 2 748 (43.85) | 365 (39.37) |
| BMIa | 25.0±3.4 | 25.0±3.4 | 25.6±3.4 | 24.37±3.23 | 24.38±3.21 | 24.30±3.40 |
| 收缩压ab(mm Hg) | 130.5±20.2 | 130.2±20.0 | 146.0±24.1 | 138.09±17.33 | 137.84±17.30 | 139.78±17.43 |
| 舒张压a(mm Hg) | 83.6±11.5 | 83.5±11.4 | 89.8±13.6 | 82.55±10.40 | 82.59±10.52 | 82.28±9.57 |
| TCa(mmol/L) | | | | | | |
| 正常 | 123 483 (89.81) | 121 448 (89.86) | 2 035 (86.56) | 6 369 (88.53) | 5 548 (88.53) | 821 (88.57) |
| 高TC | 14 018 (10.19) | 13 702 (10.14) | 316 (13.44) | 825 (11.47) | 719 (11.47) | 106 (11.43) |
| TGa(mmol/L) | | | | | | |
| 正常 | 93 696 (68.14) | 92 192 (68.21) | 1 504 (63.97) | 4 918 (68.36) | 4 295 (68.53) | 623 (67.21) |
| 高TG | 43 805 (31.86) | 42 958 (31.79) | 847 (36.03) | 2 276 (31.64) | 1 972 (31.47) | 304 (32.79) |
| HDL-Ca(mmol/L) | | | | | | |
| 正常 | 121 204 (88.15) | 119 092 (88.12) | 2 112 (89.83) | 5 916 (82.24) | 5 155 (82.26) | 761 (82.09) |
| 低HDL-C | 16 297 (11.85) | 16 058 (11.88) | 239 (10.17) | 1 278 (17.76) | 1 112 (17.74) | 166 (17.91) |
| 高血压患病ab | | | | | | |
| 否 | 80 112 (58.26) | 79 437 (58.78) | 675 (28.71) | 2 647 (36.79) | 2 372 (37.85) | 275 (29.67) |
| 是 | 57 389 (41.74) | 55 713 (41.22) | 1 676 (71.29) | 4 547 (63.21) | 3 895 (62.15) | 652 (70.33) |
| 糖尿病患病a | | | | | | |
| 否 | 124 999 (90.91) | 123 103 (91.09) | 1 896 (80.65) | 5 804 (80.68) | 5 059 (80.72) | 745 (80.37) |
| 是 | 12 502 (9.09) | 12 047 (8.91) | 455 (19.35) | 1 390 (19.32) | 1 208 (19.28) | 182 (19.63) |
| 房颤疾病史ab | | | | | | |
| 否 | 136 998 (99.63) | 134 685 (99.66) | 2 313 (98.38) | 6 997 (97.26) | 6 149 (98.12) | 848 (91.48) |
| 是 | 503 (0.37) | 465 (0.34) | 38 (1.62) | 197 (2.74) | 118 (1.88) | 79 (8.52) |
| 当前吸烟a | | | | | | |
| 否 | 81 712 (59.43) | 80 368 (59.47) | 1 344 (57.17) | 6 132 (85.24) | 5 325 (84.97) | 807 (87.06) |
| 是 | 55 789 (40.57) | 54 782 (40.53) | 1 007 (42.83) | 1 062 (14.76) | 942 (15.03) | 120 (12.94) |
| 卒中家族史 | | | | | | |
| 否 | 130 727 (95.07) | 128 473 (95.06) | 2 254 (95.87) | 7 089 (98.54) | 6 176 (98.55) | 913 (98.49) |
| 是 | 6 774 (4.93) | 6 677 (4.94) | 97 (4.13) | 105 (1.46) | 91 (1.45) | 14 (1.51) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241081880750117751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
模型验证人群基线特征表[($ \bar{x} \pm s$),n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 开滦队列 | | 红光体检队列 |
|---|
| 总人群(n=137 501) | 卒中发病 | 总人群(n=7 194) | 卒中发病 |
|---|
| 未发病(n=135 150) | 发病(n=2 351) | 未发病(n=6 267) | 发病(n=927) |
|---|
| 年龄ab(岁) | 50.4±12.2 | 50.3±12.2 | 59.8±10.3 | 65.92±8.30 | 65.40±8.31 | 69.45±7.27 |
| 性别ab | | | | | | |
| 女 | 26 012 (18.92) | 25 757 (19.06) | 255 (10.85) | 4 081 (56.73) | 3 519 (56.15) | 562 (60.63) |
| 男 | 111 489 (81.08) | 109 393 (80.94) | 2 096 (89.15) | 3 113 (43.27) | 2 748 (43.85) | 365 (39.37) |
| BMIa | 25.0±3.4 | 25.0±3.4 | 25.6±3.4 | 24.37±3.23 | 24.38±3.21 | 24.30±3.40 |
| 收缩压ab(mm Hg) | 130.5±20.2 | 130.2±20.0 | 146.0±24.1 | 138.09±17.33 | 137.84±17.30 | 139.78±17.43 |
| 舒张压a(mm Hg) | 83.6±11.5 | 83.5±11.4 | 89.8±13.6 | 82.55±10.40 | 82.59±10.52 | 82.28±9.57 |
| TCa(mmol/L) | | | | | | |
| 正常 | 123 483 (89.81) | 121 448 (89.86) | 2 035 (86.56) | 6 369 (88.53) | 5 548 (88.53) | 821 (88.57) |
| 高TC | 14 018 (10.19) | 13 702 (10.14) | 316 (13.44) | 825 (11.47) | 719 (11.47) | 106 (11.43) |
| TGa(mmol/L) | | | | | | |
| 正常 | 93 696 (68.14) | 92 192 (68.21) | 1 504 (63.97) | 4 918 (68.36) | 4 295 (68.53) | 623 (67.21) |
| 高TG | 43 805 (31.86) | 42 958 (31.79) | 847 (36.03) | 2 276 (31.64) | 1 972 (31.47) | 304 (32.79) |
| HDL-Ca(mmol/L) | | | | | | |
| 正常 | 121 204 (88.15) | 119 092 (88.12) | 2 112 (89.83) | 5 916 (82.24) | 5 155 (82.26) | 761 (82.09) |
| 低HDL-C | 16 297 (11.85) | 16 058 (11.88) | 239 (10.17) | 1 278 (17.76) | 1 112 (17.74) | 166 (17.91) |
| 高血压患病ab | | | | | | |
| 否 | 80 112 (58.26) | 79 437 (58.78) | 675 (28.71) | 2 647 (36.79) | 2 372 (37.85) | 275 (29.67) |
| 是 | 57 389 (41.74) | 55 713 (41.22) | 1 676 (71.29) | 4 547 (63.21) | 3 895 (62.15) | 652 (70.33) |
| 糖尿病患病a | | | | | | |
| 否 | 124 999 (90.91) | 123 103 (91.09) | 1 896 (80.65) | 5 804 (80.68) | 5 059 (80.72) | 745 (80.37) |
| 是 | 12 502 (9.09) | 12 047 (8.91) | 455 (19.35) | 1 390 (19.32) | 1 208 (19.28) | 182 (19.63) |
| 房颤疾病史ab | | | | | | |
| 否 | 136 998 (99.63) | 134 685 (99.66) | 2 313 (98.38) | 6 997 (97.26) | 6 149 (98.12) | 848 (91.48) |
| 是 | 503 (0.37) | 465 (0.34) | 38 (1.62) | 197 (2.74) | 118 (1.88) | 79 (8.52) |
| 当前吸烟a | | | | | | |
| 否 | 81 712 (59.43) | 80 368 (59.47) | 1 344 (57.17) | 6 132 (85.24) | 5 325 (84.97) | 807 (87.06) |
| 是 | 55 789 (40.57) | 54 782 (40.53) | 1 007 (42.83) | 1 062 (14.76) | 942 (15.03) | 120 (12.94) |
| 卒中家族史 | | | | | | |
| 否 | 130 727 (95.07) | 128 473 (95.06) | 2 254 (95.87) | 7 089 (98.54) | 6 176 (98.55) | 913 (98.49) |
| 是 | 6 774 (4.93) | 6 677 (4.94) | 97 (4.13) | 105 (1.46) | 91 (1.45) | 14 (1.51) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241081880859169661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Comparison of validation results between the Kailuan Cohort and Hongguang Elderly Health Examination Cohort
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 验证人群 | AUC (95%CI) | 灵敏度 (95%CI) | 特异度 (95%CI) | 准确率 | 最佳截断值 |
|---|
| =开滦队列 | 0.74 (0.73~0.75) | 0.78 (0.77~0.80) | 0.59 (0.58~0.59) | 0.59 | 5.25 |
| 红光体检队列 | 0.61 (0.59~0.63) | 0.52 (0.50~0.56) | 0.65 (0.64~0.66) | 0.63 | 6.75 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241081880976610178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482189029776, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
开滦队列与红光体检队列验证结果对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 验证人群 | AUC (95%CI) | 灵敏度 (95%CI) | 特异度 (95%CI) | 准确率 | 最佳截断值 |
|---|
| =开滦队列 | 0.74 (0.73~0.75) | 0.78 (0.77~0.80) | 0.59 (0.58~0.59) | 0.59 | 5.25 |
| 红光体检队列 | 0.61 (0.59~0.63) | 0.52 (0.50~0.56) | 0.65 (0.64~0.66) | 0.63 | 6.75 |
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