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Article(id=1240722576767513162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240722566957027366, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503378, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742572800000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773740913812, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1760025600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773740913812, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773740913812, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773740913812, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240722566957027366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='19', pageStart='3457', pageEnd='3648', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773740911472, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773740981732, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240722861736906836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240722566957027366, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240722861736906837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240722566957027366, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3632, endPage=3636, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240722577128223342, articleId=1240722576767513162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis of duplicate reporting and adjusted incidence rates of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To analyze the duplicate reporting of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023, providing data to support future research. Methods Duplicate cases of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023 were identified by matching combinations of rules, including identity card number, name, sex, date of birth, contact number, and current address of patient. The duplicate reporting rates were calculated. Results A total of 499 965 hepatitis B cases were reported in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023, in which 46 439 cases were reported in duplicate, and the duplicate reporting rate was 9.29%. There was an upward trend in the duplicate reporting rate over the years (χ2trend=6 156.939, P<0.001). The within-year duplicate reporting rate was 1.58%, and the cross-year duplicate reporting rate was 7.70%. The within-year duplicate reporting rate showed an increasing trend (χ2trend=7.320, P=0.007). The duplicate reporting rate of each city ranged from 4.25% to 12.08% (χ2=3 284.620, P<0.001). The duplicate reporting rate increased with age group (χ2trend=675.314, P<0.001). The duplicate reporting rate of hospitals of different levels ranged from 4.69% to 19.13% (χ2=24 388.260, P<0.001), with the highest duplicate reporting rate observed in secondary-level hospitals. After excluding duplicated records, the average annual reported incidence rate of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023 was 92.60 per 100 000 population. Conclusion The report incidence rate of hepatitis B is overestimated because of the duplicate reporting. A cross-year and cross-area duplicate reporting checking system should be established to reduce the duplicate reporting, and improve the surveillance quality for hepatitis B.

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目的 分析广西2014—2023年乙型肝炎（简称乙肝）病例重复报告情况，为今后研究提供数据支持。方法 应用患者身份证号、姓名、性别、出生日期、联系电话和现住址的组合条件对2014—2023年广西乙肝病例进行查重，计算重复报告率。结果 2014—2023年广西共报告乙肝499 965例，重复报告数46 439例，重复报告率9.29%，各年度重复报告率有上升趋势（χ2趋势=6 156.939，P<0.001）；年内重复报告率和跨年重复报告率分别分1.58%和7.70%；各年内重复报告率呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=7.320，P=0.007）。各市重复报告率为4.25%～12.08%（χ2=3 284.620，P<0.001）。随年龄组增长重复报告率有上升趋势（χ2趋势=675.314，P<0.001）。各级医疗机构乙肝重复报告率为4.69%～19.13%（χ2=24 388.260，P<0.001），其中二级医疗机构重复报告率最高。2014—2023年剔除重复报告卡后，广西乙肝年均报告发病率为92.60/10万。结论 广西乙肝病例存在重复报告，导致广西乙肝报告发病率被高估，应建立跨年度、跨地区的查重系统，减少乙肝的重复报告，提高乙肝监测数据质量。

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陆华湘，E-mail:；
董爱虎，E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=eEcCXaGqou+zBLaBvpRksg==, magXml=zR1+hdxdKFcQBetb0id8wA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=o6/wgi+ln1RRuFFXEJ34oA==, pdfFileSize=700809, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=unebp7vLgdb+B3pIR0BJdQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=wEGidcmuOZaZZ3CSSUmzlw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

陆华湘与董爱虎为共同通信作者

宫晨（1988—），女，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：传染病监测

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宫晨（1988—），女，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：传染病监测

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宫晨（1988—），女，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：传染病监测

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Duplicate reporting of hepatitis B in Guangxi, 2014—2023 ［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年度（年）报告发病数总重复报告年内重复报告跨年重复报告
201441 122416(1.01)327(0.80)89(0.22)
201541 4211 589(3.84)513(1.24)1 076(2.60)
201643 6762 777(6.36)723(1.66)2 054(4.70)
201749 2214 185(8.50)869(1.77)3 316(6.74)
201855 7265 733(10.29)1 169(2.10)4 564(8.19)
201953 0555 835(11.00)1 023(1.93)4 812(9.07)
202052 9856 196(11.69)846(1.60)5 350(10.10)
202157 2096 570(11.48)900(1.57)5 670(9.91)
202253 2257 162(13.46)895(1.68)6 267(11.77)
202352 3255 976(11.42)656(1.25)5 320(10.17)
合计499 96546 439(9.29)7921(1.58)38 518(7.70)
), ArticleFig(id=1240933506818297877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240722576767513162, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2014—2023年广西乙肝重复报告情况［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年度（年）报告发病数总重复报告年内重复报告跨年重复报告
201441 122416(1.01)327(0.80)89(0.22)
201541 4211 589(3.84)513(1.24)1 076(2.60)
201643 6762 777(6.36)723(1.66)2 054(4.70)
201749 2214 185(8.50)869(1.77)3 316(6.74)
201855 7265 733(10.29)1 169(2.10)4 564(8.19)
201953 0555 835(11.00)1 023(1.93)4 812(9.07)
202052 9856 196(11.69)846(1.60)5 350(10.10)
202157 2096 570(11.48)900(1.57)5 670(9.91)
202253 2257 162(13.46)895(1.68)6 267(11.77)
202352 3255 976(11.42)656(1.25)5 320(10.17)
合计499 96546 439(9.29)7921(1.58)38 518(7.70)
), ArticleFig(id=1240933506952515612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240722576767513162, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Duplicate reporting of hepatitis B by age group in Guangxi, 2014—2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄组（岁）报告发病数重复报告[n(%)]χ2趋势P值
0～92 179130(5.97)
10～1910 747547(5.09)
20～2973 7205 720(7.76)
30～39115 85810 541(9.10)675.314<0.001
40～49111 47310 074(9.04)
50～5996 1059 819(10.22)
≥6089 8839 608(10.69)
), ArticleFig(id=1240933507032207394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240722576767513162, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2014—2023年广西各年龄组乙肝重复报告情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄组（岁）报告发病数重复报告[n(%)]χ2趋势P值
0～92 179130(5.97)
10～1910 747547(5.09)
20～2973 7205 720(7.76)
30～39115 85810 541(9.10)675.314<0.001
40～49111 47310 074(9.04)
50～5996 1059 819(10.22)
≥6089 8839 608(10.69)
), ArticleFig(id=1240933507124482088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240722576767513162, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Duplicate reporting of hepatitis B cases across different levels of medical institutions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院级别报告发病数重复报告情况eχ2值P值
本地外地合计本地外地合计
三级288 41420 717309 13112 426(4.31)2 085(10.06)14 511(4.69)a24 388.260<0.001
二级142 7831 561144 34427 497(19.26)120(7.69)27 617(19.13)b
一级37 29217037 4623 626(9.72)8(4.71)3 634(9.70)c
无级别8 991379 028677(7.53)0(0.00)677(7.50)d
合计477 48022 485499 96544 226(9.26)2 213(9.84)46 439(9.29)
), ArticleFig(id=1240933507225145389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240722576767513162, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2014—2023年广西不同级别医疗机构乙肝重复报告情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院级别报告发病数重复报告情况eχ2值P值
本地外地合计本地外地合计
三级288 41420 717309 13112 426(4.31)2 085(10.06)14 511(4.69)a24 388.260<0.001
二级142 7831 561144 34427 497(19.26)120(7.69)27 617(19.13)b
一级37 29217037 4623 626(9.72)8(4.71)3 634(9.70)c
无级别8 991379 028677(7.53)0(0.00)677(7.50)d
合计477 48022 485499 96544 226(9.26)2 213(9.84)46 439(9.29)
), ArticleFig(id=1240933507342585906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240722576767513162, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Numbers of duplicate reporting of hepatitis B in Guangxi, 2014—2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
重复报告次数重卡片数构成比（%）
135 58687.74
24 24110.46
35981.47
41050.26
5250.06
630.01
720.01
), ArticleFig(id=1240933507426471988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240722576767513162, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2014—2023年广西乙肝重复报告次数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
重复报告次数重卡片数构成比（%）
135 58687.74
24 24110.46
35981.47
41050.26
5250.06
630.01
720.01
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2014—2023年广西乙型肝炎病例重复报告分析及调整报告发病率情况
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宫晨 1 , 黄元华 2 , 宁耀森 2 , 韩姗珊 1 , 罗小连 3 , 陆华湘 1 , 董爱虎 1
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(19): 3632-3636
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现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025, 52(19): 3632-3636
2014—2023年广西乙型肝炎病例重复报告分析及调整报告发病率情况
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宫晨1, 黄元华2, 宁耀森2, 韩姗珊1, 罗小连3, 陆华湘1 , 董爱虎1
作者信息
  • 1.广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心应急监测管理办公室，广西 南宁 530028
  • 2.广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心信息管理科
  • 3.广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心科研与培训科

    • 宫晨（1988—），女，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：传染病监测

通讯作者:

陆华湘，E-mail:；
董爱虎，E-mail:
Analysis of duplicate reporting and adjusted incidence rates of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023
Chen GONG1, Yuan-hua HUANG2, Yao-sen NING2, Shan-shan HAN1, Xiao-lian LUO3, Hua-xiang LU1 , Ai-hu DONG1
Affiliations
  • Emergency Monitoring and Management Office, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China
出版时间: 2025-10-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503378
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摘要
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目的 分析广西2014—2023年乙型肝炎（简称乙肝）病例重复报告情况，为今后研究提供数据支持。方法 应用患者身份证号、姓名、性别、出生日期、联系电话和现住址的组合条件对2014—2023年广西乙肝病例进行查重，计算重复报告率。结果 2014—2023年广西共报告乙肝499 965例，重复报告数46 439例，重复报告率9.29%，各年度重复报告率有上升趋势（χ2趋势=6 156.939，P<0.001）；年内重复报告率和跨年重复报告率分别分1.58%和7.70%；各年内重复报告率呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=7.320，P=0.007）。各市重复报告率为4.25%～12.08%（χ2=3 284.620，P<0.001）。随年龄组增长重复报告率有上升趋势（χ2趋势=675.314，P<0.001）。各级医疗机构乙肝重复报告率为4.69%～19.13%（χ2=24 388.260，P<0.001），其中二级医疗机构重复报告率最高。2014—2023年剔除重复报告卡后，广西乙肝年均报告发病率为92.60/10万。结论 广西乙肝病例存在重复报告，导致广西乙肝报告发病率被高估，应建立跨年度、跨地区的查重系统，减少乙肝的重复报告，提高乙肝监测数据质量。

乙型病毒性肝炎  /  重复报告  /  报告发病率

Objective To analyze the duplicate reporting of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023, providing data to support future research. Methods Duplicate cases of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023 were identified by matching combinations of rules, including identity card number, name, sex, date of birth, contact number, and current address of patient. The duplicate reporting rates were calculated. Results A total of 499 965 hepatitis B cases were reported in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023, in which 46 439 cases were reported in duplicate, and the duplicate reporting rate was 9.29%. There was an upward trend in the duplicate reporting rate over the years (χ2trend=6 156.939, P<0.001). The within-year duplicate reporting rate was 1.58%, and the cross-year duplicate reporting rate was 7.70%. The within-year duplicate reporting rate showed an increasing trend (χ2trend=7.320, P=0.007). The duplicate reporting rate of each city ranged from 4.25% to 12.08% (χ2=3 284.620, P<0.001). The duplicate reporting rate increased with age group (χ2trend=675.314, P<0.001). The duplicate reporting rate of hospitals of different levels ranged from 4.69% to 19.13% (χ2=24 388.260, P<0.001), with the highest duplicate reporting rate observed in secondary-level hospitals. After excluding duplicated records, the average annual reported incidence rate of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023 was 92.60 per 100 000 population. Conclusion The report incidence rate of hepatitis B is overestimated because of the duplicate reporting. A cross-year and cross-area duplicate reporting checking system should be established to reduce the duplicate reporting, and improve the surveillance quality for hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B  /  Duplicate reporting  /  Report incidence rate
宫晨, 黄元华, 宁耀森, 韩姗珊, 罗小连, 陆华湘, 董爱虎. 2014—2023年广西乙型肝炎病例重复报告分析及调整报告发病率情况. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (19) : 3632 -3636 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503378
Chen GONG, Yuan-hua HUANG, Yao-sen NING, Shan-shan HAN, Xiao-lian LUO, Hua-xiang LU, Ai-hu DONG. Analysis of duplicate reporting and adjusted incidence rates of hepatitis B in Guangxi from 2014 to 2023[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (19) : 3632 -3636 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503378
正文
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乙型肝炎（简称乙肝）是重大的全球卫生问题，据世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，2022年全球有2.54亿人患慢性乙肝、有110万人死于乙肝病毒感染所致的肝硬化、肝细胞癌等相关疾病[1]。我国是乙肝高负担国家，占全球乙肝负担的三分之一[2]。根据国家传染病报告系统（National Notifiable Disease Report System，NNDRS）统计，广西每年乙肝报告发病数均居乙类传染病前两位，且报告发病率有上升趋势[3]。由于慢性乙肝病程较长，患者多次就诊、异地就诊的现象较为普遍，容易在NNDRS重复报告。而NNDRS的查重功能有一定的局限性，只能识别同一地区、同一年度的重复报告，对于跨地区、跨年度重复报告病例无法甄别[4]。本文通过分析NNDRS中2014—2023年广西乙肝病例重复报告情况，旨在了解广西乙肝真实的流行趋势，为今后乙肝防控工作提供可靠的数据支持。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　资料来源
从《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中获取2014—2023年广西乙肝报告卡数据和各年度人口数据，乙肝报告卡导出条件按照“发病日期+现住址为广西+已审核”。根据年度数据统计规则，纳入临床诊断病例和确诊病例、剔除病原携带者和疑似病例、剔除港澳台和外籍病例，各年度选择订正终审日期在次年1月31日前的乙肝报告卡作为研究对象。
1.2　研究方法
1.2.1　查重方法
以报告卡的六个项目内容组合的方式进行查重，包括患者身份证号、姓名、性别、出生日期、联系电话和现住址，具体规则如下：（1）填写身份证号且位数为15位或18位的卡片，身份证号相同、姓名相同（或姓名为同音字或形近字）；（2）姓名、性别、联系电话相同，出生日期相差在1年以内；（3）姓名、性别、现住址（到乡镇或街道）相同，出生日期相差1年以内。符合上述（1）～（3）任意一条规则的两张以上卡片即认为是重复报告，筛选的重复报告卡（简称重卡）可能存在交集，以报告卡ID号为唯一识别码保留卡片。
1.2.2　重卡判定及统计指标
对查找出的重卡进行标记，同一病例的报告卡“录入时间”在前的为首次报告，其余为重复报告。年内重复报告率（%）=某年度内重复报告例数/该年度报告发病数×100%，跨年重复报告率（%）=某年度与历史其他年度比对出的重复报告例数/该年度报告发病数×100%，年度重复报告率（%）=某年度的年内和跨年总重复报告例数/该年度报告发病数×100%。调整发病率（/10万）=（报告发病数-重复报告数）/同期人口数×100 000。
1.3　统计学分析
基于Python 3.9的文件系统遍历、Pandas DataFrame技术、数据编码处理和无缝整合进行报告卡的查重；应用R 4.4.0软件进行统计学分析和制图，率的比较采用χ2检验，检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　2014—2023年广西乙肝病例的基本情况
纳入到本次研究的有效个案499 965例，其中，临床诊断病例7 831例、确诊病例492 134例；急性乙肝60 625例、慢性乙肝430 966例、未分型8 374例。94.11%（470 508例）的个案填报了有效身份证号，94.18%（470 866例）的个案填报了联系电话，姓名、性别、出生日期和现住址的填报率均为100%。
2.2　重复报告情况
2014—2023年广西共报告乙肝499 965例，总重复报告数46 439例，总重复报告率9.29%。各年度重复报告率在1.01%～13.46%之间，且重复报告率呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=6 156.939，P<0.001）。各年度内重复报告共7 921例（占比17.06%），年内重复报告率1.58%，其中2018年内重复报告率最高，为2.10%，2014年年内重复报告率最低，为0.80%，各年度内重复报告率呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=7.320，P=0.007）；跨年重复报告累积38 518例（占比82.94%），跨年重复报告率7.70%。见表1。
2.2.1　不同地区乙肝重复报告率
广西14个设区市乙肝重复报告率为4.25%～12.08%（χ2=3284.620，P<0.001）。柳州市和梧州市乙肝重复报告率分别从2020年和2019年开始下降，其余各市基本呈逐年上升。十年总重复报告率前三位的依次是桂林市（12.08%）、河池市（11.54%）和贵港市（11.22%），较低的是梧州市（4.25%）和来宾市（5.87%）。见图1。
2.2.2　各年龄组重复报告情况
2014—2023年，广西50～59岁年龄组和60岁以上年龄组乙肝重复报告率较高，分别为10.22%和10.69%，其余各年龄组重复报告率均低于10%。乙肝重复报告率随年龄组增长呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=675.314，P<0.001）。见表2。
2.2.3　不同级别医疗机构重复报告情况
2014—2023年广西来自二级医疗机构的乙肝重卡占比59.47%，三级医疗机构占比为31.25%，不同级别医疗机构之间乙肝重复报告率差异有统计学意义（χ2=24 388.260，P<0.001）。进一步进行两两比较，各级别医疗机构乙肝总重复报告率为二级医疗机构>一级医疗机构>无级别医疗机构>三级医疗机构（χ2分割法，调整的α=0.008，P均小于0.001）。按广西本地医疗机构报卡和广西区外医疗机构报卡分析，三级医疗机构中，外地报告重复率高于本地（χ2=1431.327，P<0.001）。见表3。
2.2.4　重报次数
2014—2023年广西乙肝重复报告次数在1～7次之间，以重复报告1次为主，占比87.74%。重复报告次数见表4。
2.3　乙肝调整发病率
2014—2023年广西原始乙肝年均报告发病率102.09/10万，剔除重卡后年均发病率为92.60/10万。剔除重卡后，各市乙肝年均报告发病率下降幅度较大的依次是桂林市（-12.08%）、河池市（-11.54%）、贵港市（-11.22%）、北海市（-11.21%）和百色市（-11.19%）。见图2。
3　讨论
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NNDRS设置的查重规则为“患者身份证号+疾病名称”相同或“患者姓名+性别+人群分类+疾病名称+出生日期+现住址”[5]，但实际工作中报告卡身份证号码有缺失，其他项目的填写和录入可能会存在错误，如患者姓名的同音字及形近字、身份证号码的缺位及多位、人群分类的误判、出生日期的误填、现住址变化等[6-9]，加之跨地区、跨年度重卡不能被NNDRS识别，各年度均存在乙肝重复报告病例。
2014—2023年广西各年度均有乙肝重复病例报告，总重复报告率9.29%，与2012—2021年全国水平相近（9.67%）[6]，低于福建省2016—2020年结果（10.48%）[10]、高于陕西省2005—2019年结果（6.90%）[11]。不同地区研究结果的差异可能与报告卡身份证号码填报的缺失情况以及查重条件的设置有关，如陕西省的研究身份证号码缺失的卡片占比66.61%[11]，其重卡判定规则也更为严格，而本研究中身份证号码缺失的卡片仅占5.89%；另外，福建省仅分析填报了18位身份证号的卡片[10]，查重效率更高。
2014—2023年广西乙肝重复报告率呈逐年上升趋势，说明乙肝患者跨年度就诊现象较为显著，随着纳入年度的增加，查重的卡片数增加，重复报告率也会相应增加[12-13]；此外，《传染病信息报告管理规范（2015年版）》和《全国传染病信息报告管理工作技术指南（2016年版）》的出台可能进一步推动了报告卡患者有效证件号的填写，进而提升了查重效率[5,14]。
2014—2023年广西各市均有乙肝重复病例报告，柳州市和梧州市乙肝重复报告率呈现先上升再下降的趋势，其他市基本随年呈上升趋势，这可能与不同地区传染病报告和查重工作的执行情况有关，《全国传染病信息报告管理工作技术指南（2016年版）》对于病例报告单位和县区级疾控机构每日查重工作有明确要求[5]，而对于市级疾控机构未做要求，可能会导致以市为单位的重卡增加或跨市、跨省就诊的重卡增加。乙肝患者通常病程较长、需要多次就诊治疗从而产生重复报告，因此乙肝重复报告率随年龄组增加呈上升趋势[15]。
本研究中，二级医疗机构乙肝重复报告率最高、三级医疗机构最低，这种现象是否与就诊先后顺序有关，如患者先在等级高的医疗机构确诊、而后在属地等级低的医疗机构用药治疗产生重复报告，有待进一步研究。此外，外地三级医疗机构报告的广西乙肝重复报告率高于本地医疗机构，说明患者在跨省域就诊时，更倾向于高级别医疗机构，可能与诊疗水平的自主选择和医疗服务的可及性有关[16]。
目前，国家传染病智能监测前置软件正在二级以上医疗机构逐步推广应用中，该软件通过与NNDRS中2014年以后报告的已填写身份证号码的报告卡比对，智能识别复诊病例，一定程度上可以减少重复报告情况[17]，但对于2014年以前报告的乙肝病例、一级以下医疗机构报告的乙肝病例以及身份证号码缺失的乙肝报告卡，尚不能甄别重复报告。解决乙肝重复报告问题，可以从以下三个方面着手：（1）医疗机构应确保乙肝报告卡患者姓名、身份证号等信息填报的完整性和准确性以便查重比对和甄别，提高查重效率；（2）各级疾控机构应加强乙肝报告病例的查重力度，制订乙肝查重规则，提高查重频次，及时删除重卡；（3）更重要的是要探索建立跨年度、跨地区的乙肝监测机制和查重系统，从根本上解决重复报告问题，从而掌握更加准确的乙肝发病数据，提高乙肝监测数据质量。
基金
收起
  • 广西壮族自治区卫生健康委西医类自筹经费科研课题(Z-A20230420)
  • 广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S2024111)
文献
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2025年第52卷第19期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503378
  • 接收时间：2025-03-22
  • 首发时间：2026-03-17
  • 出版时间：2025-10-10
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  • 收稿日期：2025-03-22
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生健康委西医类自筹经费科研课题(Z-A20230420)
广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S2024111)
作者信息
    1.广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心应急监测管理办公室，广西 南宁 530028
    2.广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心信息管理科
    3.广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心科研与培训科

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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