Article(id=1240633244039836657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240633237542851387, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312346, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703088000000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773719615230, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1716566400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773719615230, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773719615230, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773719615230, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240633237542851387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='10', pageStart='1729', pageEnd='1920', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773719613680, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773720039302, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240635022806405370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240633237542851387, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240635022806405371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240633237542851387, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1889, endPage=1894, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240633245663031309, articleId=1240633244039836657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Alzheimer’s disease classification based on multimodal data integration, columnId=1228016569138213037, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Clinical Medicine and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To achieve the classification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by integrating information that utilize the complementary properties of multimodal data, and to provide references for clinical diagnosis.
Methods A total of 872 subjects were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), with both clinical information, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. They were divided into the training set (612 subjects) and test set (260 subjects). Based on three unimodal data and four multimodal combinations of different modalities, we constructed the sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) classification models in the training set to achieve the multi-classification. The macro-averaged precision (Macro-P), macro-averaged recall (Macro-R), macro-averaged F1 value (Macro-F1), and accuracy were used to evaluate the model performance, with the optimal combination of modalities obtained explored for their applicability in the test set.
Results The classification performance of clinical information (Macro-P=0.781 8, Macro-R=0.804 6, Macro-F1=0.791 2, Accuracy=0.796 7) among the unimodal information was better than that of sMRI and fMRI modalities. The optimal number of potential components was 1, and the number of clinical information features was 9. Among the four multimodal combinations, the clinical information + fMRI combination had the strongest classification ability (Macro-P=0.806 2,Macro-R=0.800 6, Macro-F1=0.797 6, Accuracy=0.813 2), with the optimal number of potential components selected as 1,and the number of features were 5, while the sMRI + fMRI had the worst classification ability (Macro-P=0.401 7, Macro-R=0.398 3, Macro-F1=0.349 9, Accuracy=0.565 9).Applying the best modal combination to the test set, the model performance metrics achieved were 0.791 8 for Macro-P, 0.734 5 for Macro-R, 0.758 4 for Macro-F1, and 0.766 4(0.646 0, 0.846 5) for Accuracy.
Conclusion The performance of the sPLS-DA classification model constructed based on each multimodal combination was higher than that of the unimodal, among which the combination of clinical information + fMRI modality had the best performance, which couldgreatly facilitate the formulation of scientific and reasonable clinical diagnosis plans.
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目的 利用多模态数据的互补特性整合信息,实现对阿尔茨海默病的分类,为临床诊断提供参考。
方法 筛选阿尔茨海默病神经影像学计划数据库中同时具有临床信息、结构磁共振成像(sMRI)和功能磁共振成像(fMRI)的受试者共872例,将其分为训练集(612例)和测试集(260例)。基于三种单模态以及四种多模态组合在训练集中构建稀疏偏最小二乘-判别分析(sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis,sPLS-DA)分类模型实现多分类。利用宏观平均精确率(Macro-average of Precision,Macro-P)、宏观平均召回率(Macro-average of Recall,Macro-R)、宏观平均F1值(Macro-average of F1-score,Macro-F1)、及准确率(Accuracy)评价模型性能,在测试集中探讨最优模态组合的适用性。
结果 单模态中临床信息的分类性能优于sMRI和fMRI模态(Macro-P=0.781 8,Macro-R=0.804 6,Macro-F1=0.791 2,Accuracy=0.796 7),选择的最佳潜在成分个数为1,临床信息特征数量为9。四种多模态组合中临床信息+fMRI模态组合的分类能力最强(Macro-P=0.806 2,Macro-R=0.800 6,Macro-F1=0.797 6,Accuracy=0.813 2),选择的最佳潜在成分个数为1,特征数量为5;而sMRI+fMRI的分类能力最差(Macro-P=0.401 7,Macro-R=0.398 3,Macro-F1=0.349 9,Accuracy=0.565 9)。将在训练集中得到的最佳模态组合应用于测试集,得到的模型性能指标Macro-P为0.791 8,Macro-R为0.734 5,Macro-F1为0.758 4,Accuracy为0.766 4(0.646 0,0.846 5)。
结论 基于各多模态组合构建的sPLS-DA分类模型性能均高于单模态,其中临床信息+fMRI模态组合表现最佳,可辅助制定科学合理的临床诊断方案。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=cTejAcpIp/WexnaG4EOOeQ==, magXml=+n6o5cPZvQmne1D4B3Ozmg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=YwLU0HlBwSMl+ojWDuMWxA==, pdfFileSize=944878, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=3GXevOdGelwAcWMMQNT2lQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=0O6hNgqWNvkLoc1s6W463A==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
崔靖(1987—),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:队列统计方法研究与应用
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The determination of principal component number and selected features of unimodal data, figureFileSmall=VOeVNgvNKGY6ZGwZDydB6A==, figureFileBig=3GXevOdGelwAcWMMQNT2lQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240633255314125405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
各单模态主成分数和特征数量的确定注:实线overall表示总体错误率;虚线BER表示平衡错误率;Comp表示主成分数;max.dist、centroids.dist、mahalanobis.dist表示不同类型的预测距离,分别对应最大距离,质心距离,马氏距离。A、B、C分别为临床信息、sMRI、fMRI模态的主成分数选择图示;D、E、F分别为临床信息、sMRI、fMRI模态的特征选择数量图示。
, figureFileSmall=VOeVNgvNKGY6ZGwZDydB6A==, figureFileBig=3GXevOdGelwAcWMMQNT2lQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240633255519646320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
The determination of principal component number and selected features of multimodal data, figureFileSmall=9ALCtCHgeH1dr427WrW25A==, figureFileBig=eHQen/5oEjO7Spcg/l8owA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240633255624503924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
各多模态组合主成分数和特征数量的确定注:实线overall表示总体错误率;虚线BER表示平衡错误率;Comp表示主成分数;max.dist、entroids.dist、mahalanobis.dist表示不同类型的预测距离,分别对应最大距离,质心距离,马氏距离。A、B、C、D分别为临床信息+sMRI、临床信息+fMRI、sMRI+fMRI、临床信息+sMRI+fMRI模态组合的主成分数选择图示;E、F、G、H为临床信息+sMRI、临床信息+fMRI、sMRI+fMRI、临床信息+sMRI+fMRI模态组合的特征选择数量图示。
, figureFileSmall=9ALCtCHgeH1dr427WrW25A==, figureFileBig=eHQen/5oEjO7Spcg/l8owA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240633255729361525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Neuropsychological testing scales
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 |
|---|
| 阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知分量表条目11 | ADAS-Cog11(Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition 11 items) |
| 阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知分量表条目13 | ADAS-Cog13(Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition 13 items) |
| 阿尔茨海默病评定量表-任务4(单词识别) | ADASQ4(Score from Task 4 (Word Recognition) of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-即时回忆 | RAVLT-immediate(Rey’s Auditory VerbalLearning Test_Immediate Recall) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-学习成绩 | RAVLT-learning(Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test_Learning) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-遗忘 | RAVLT-forgetting(Rey’s Auditory Verbal LearninTest_Forgetting) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-遗忘百分比 | RAVLT-perc-forgetting(Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test_Percent Forgetting) |
| 延迟召回 | LDELTOTAL(Delayed total recall) |
| 连线试验-B | TRABSCOR(Trail Making Test Part B Time) |
| 功能活动量表 | FAQ(Functional Activities Questionnaire) |
| 蒙特利尔认知评估量表 | MoCA(Montreal Cognitive Assessment) |
| 改进的临床前阿尔茨海默病认知数字测试组合 | mPACCdigit(Modified Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite with Digit Symbol Substitution) |
| 改进的临床前阿尔茨海默病认知试验测试组合 | mPACCtrailsB(Modified Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite with Trails B) |
| 日常认知测试参与者报告 | EcogPtTotal(Everyday Cognition-Participant Self-Report) |
| 日常认知测试研究报告 | EcogSPTotal(Everyday Cognition-Study Partner-Report) |
), ArticleFig(id=1240633255825830525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
神经心理测试量表
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 |
|---|
| 阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知分量表条目11 | ADAS-Cog11(Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition 11 items) |
| 阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知分量表条目13 | ADAS-Cog13(Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition 13 items) |
| 阿尔茨海默病评定量表-任务4(单词识别) | ADASQ4(Score from Task 4 (Word Recognition) of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-即时回忆 | RAVLT-immediate(Rey’s Auditory VerbalLearning Test_Immediate Recall) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-学习成绩 | RAVLT-learning(Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test_Learning) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-遗忘 | RAVLT-forgetting(Rey’s Auditory Verbal LearninTest_Forgetting) |
| 瑞氏听觉和语言学习测试-遗忘百分比 | RAVLT-perc-forgetting(Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test_Percent Forgetting) |
| 延迟召回 | LDELTOTAL(Delayed total recall) |
| 连线试验-B | TRABSCOR(Trail Making Test Part B Time) |
| 功能活动量表 | FAQ(Functional Activities Questionnaire) |
| 蒙特利尔认知评估量表 | MoCA(Montreal Cognitive Assessment) |
| 改进的临床前阿尔茨海默病认知数字测试组合 | mPACCdigit(Modified Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite with Digit Symbol Substitution) |
| 改进的临床前阿尔茨海默病认知试验测试组合 | mPACCtrailsB(Modified Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite with Trails B) |
| 日常认知测试参与者报告 | EcogPtTotal(Everyday Cognition-Participant Self-Report) |
| 日常认知测试研究报告 | EcogSPTotal(Everyday Cognition-Study Partner-Report) |
), ArticleFig(id=1240633255926493826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Clinical information situations of the various classes of subjects in the training set [n(%) / M(P25, P75)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | NC(n=311) | MCI(n=210) | AD(n=91) | H值(χ2值) | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | 14.973 | 0.001 |
| 男 | 127(40.84) | 122(58.10) | 44(48.35) | | |
| 女 | 184(59.16) | 88(41.90) | 47(51.65) | | |
| 年龄(岁) | 72.30(67.40,78.00) | 74.60(68.92,79.43) | 76.50(71.52,83.33) | 19.279 | <0.001 |
| 受教育年限(年) | 17(16,18) | 16(14,18) | 16(14,18) | 18.099 | <0.001 |
| 婚姻状态 | | | | 4.472 | 0.107 |
| 已婚 | 218(70.10) | 153(72.86) | 74(81.32) | | |
| 单身 | 93(19.90) | 57(27.14) | 17(18.68) | | |
| APOEε4 | | | | 44.795 | <0.001 |
| 0 | 201(64.63) | 119(56.67) | 28(30.77) | | |
| 1 | 103(33.12) | 79(37.62) | 49(53.85) | | |
| 2 | 7(2.25) | 12(5.71) | 14(15.38) | | |
| ADAS11得分 | 5.00(3.33,7.00) | 9.33(6.67,12.67) | 21.33(17.00,27.00) | 301.611 | <0.001 |
| ADAS13得分 | 8.00(5.33,11.00) | 14.84(10.25,19.00) | 31.67(27.00,38.00) | 306.504 | <0.001 |
| ADASQ4得分 | 2(1,4) | 5(3,7) | 10(8,10) | 244.495 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_immediate得分 | 46(39,54) | 33(27,42) | 22(17,27) | 257.428 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_learning得分 | 6(4,8) | 4(2,6) | 1(0,3) | 174.535 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_forgetting得分 | 3(2,5) | 5(3,6) | 4(3,6) | 38.293 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_perc_forgetting得分 | 28.57(13.33,50.00) | 57.14(36.36,86.16) | 100.00(90.75,100.00) | 209.450 | <0.001 |
| LDELTOTAL得分 | 13.00(11.00,16.00) | 8.00(4.75,11.00) | 0.00(0.00,2.00) | 310.582 | <0.001 |
| TRABSCOR得分 | 69.00(52.00,93.00) | 92.50(69.00,137.25) | 190.00(134.00,300.00) | 160.237 | <0.001 |
| FAQ得分 | 0(0,0) | 1(0,4) | 17(12,23) | 380.069 | <0.001 |
| MOCA得分 | 26(24,28) | 23(21,25) | 17(13,20) | 256.611 | <0.001 |
| mPACCdigit得分 | 0.73(-1.61,2.36) | -4.85(-8.92,-1.58) | -17.73(-21.23,-13.49) | 324.403 | <0.001 |
| mPACCtrailsB得分 | 0.61(-1.48,2.23) | -4.75(-7.71,-1.31) | -14.81(-18.33,-11.57) | 321.777 | <0.001 |
| EcogPtTotal得分 | 1.27(1.13,1.51) | 1.70(1.41,2.32) | 1.74(1.37,2.51) | 128.923 | <0.001 |
| EcogSPTotal得分 | 1.09(1.00,1.24) | 1.60(1.30,2.08) | 3.03(2.47,3.44) | 332.258 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1240633256035545734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
训练集中各类研究对象的临床信息情况[n(%) / M(P25, P75)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | NC(n=311) | MCI(n=210) | AD(n=91) | H值(χ2值) | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | 14.973 | 0.001 |
| 男 | 127(40.84) | 122(58.10) | 44(48.35) | | |
| 女 | 184(59.16) | 88(41.90) | 47(51.65) | | |
| 年龄(岁) | 72.30(67.40,78.00) | 74.60(68.92,79.43) | 76.50(71.52,83.33) | 19.279 | <0.001 |
| 受教育年限(年) | 17(16,18) | 16(14,18) | 16(14,18) | 18.099 | <0.001 |
| 婚姻状态 | | | | 4.472 | 0.107 |
| 已婚 | 218(70.10) | 153(72.86) | 74(81.32) | | |
| 单身 | 93(19.90) | 57(27.14) | 17(18.68) | | |
| APOEε4 | | | | 44.795 | <0.001 |
| 0 | 201(64.63) | 119(56.67) | 28(30.77) | | |
| 1 | 103(33.12) | 79(37.62) | 49(53.85) | | |
| 2 | 7(2.25) | 12(5.71) | 14(15.38) | | |
| ADAS11得分 | 5.00(3.33,7.00) | 9.33(6.67,12.67) | 21.33(17.00,27.00) | 301.611 | <0.001 |
| ADAS13得分 | 8.00(5.33,11.00) | 14.84(10.25,19.00) | 31.67(27.00,38.00) | 306.504 | <0.001 |
| ADASQ4得分 | 2(1,4) | 5(3,7) | 10(8,10) | 244.495 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_immediate得分 | 46(39,54) | 33(27,42) | 22(17,27) | 257.428 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_learning得分 | 6(4,8) | 4(2,6) | 1(0,3) | 174.535 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_forgetting得分 | 3(2,5) | 5(3,6) | 4(3,6) | 38.293 | <0.001 |
| RAVLT_perc_forgetting得分 | 28.57(13.33,50.00) | 57.14(36.36,86.16) | 100.00(90.75,100.00) | 209.450 | <0.001 |
| LDELTOTAL得分 | 13.00(11.00,16.00) | 8.00(4.75,11.00) | 0.00(0.00,2.00) | 310.582 | <0.001 |
| TRABSCOR得分 | 69.00(52.00,93.00) | 92.50(69.00,137.25) | 190.00(134.00,300.00) | 160.237 | <0.001 |
| FAQ得分 | 0(0,0) | 1(0,4) | 17(12,23) | 380.069 | <0.001 |
| MOCA得分 | 26(24,28) | 23(21,25) | 17(13,20) | 256.611 | <0.001 |
| mPACCdigit得分 | 0.73(-1.61,2.36) | -4.85(-8.92,-1.58) | -17.73(-21.23,-13.49) | 324.403 | <0.001 |
| mPACCtrailsB得分 | 0.61(-1.48,2.23) | -4.75(-7.71,-1.31) | -14.81(-18.33,-11.57) | 321.777 | <0.001 |
| EcogPtTotal得分 | 1.27(1.13,1.51) | 1.70(1.41,2.32) | 1.74(1.37,2.51) | 128.923 | <0.001 |
| EcogSPTotal得分 | 1.09(1.00,1.24) | 1.60(1.30,2.08) | 3.03(2.47,3.44) | 332.258 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1240633256098460300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Evaluation metrics for unimodal-based sPLS-DA models
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| 单模态 | Macro-P | Macro-R | Macro-F1 | Accuracy(95%CI) |
|---|
| 临床信息 | 0.781 8 | 0.804 6 | 0.791 2 | 0.796 7(0.730 8,0.852 6) |
| sMRI | 0.356 9 | 0.338 3 | 0.263 9 | 0.494 5(0.419 7,0.569 5) |
| fMRI | 0.688 2 | 0.438 5 | 0.421 9 | 0.549 5(0.474 1,0.623 1) |
), ArticleFig(id=1240633256182346387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
基于单模态的sPLS-DA模型评价指标
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 单模态 | Macro-P | Macro-R | Macro-F1 | Accuracy(95%CI) |
|---|
| 临床信息 | 0.781 8 | 0.804 6 | 0.791 2 | 0.796 7(0.730 8,0.852 6) |
| sMRI | 0.356 9 | 0.338 3 | 0.263 9 | 0.494 5(0.419 7,0.569 5) |
| fMRI | 0.688 2 | 0.438 5 | 0.421 9 | 0.549 5(0.474 1,0.623 1) |
), ArticleFig(id=1240633256287203991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Evaluation metrics of sPLS-DA model based on different multimodal combinations
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| 模态组合 | Macro-P | Macro-R | Macro-F1 | Accuracy(95%CI) |
|---|
| 临床信息+sMRI | 0.786 0 | 0.809 3 | 0.795 9 | 0.802 2(0.736 8,0.857 4) |
| 临床信息+fMRI | 0.806 2 | 0.800 6 | 0.797 6 | 0.813 2(0.748 9,0.867 0) |
| sMRI+fMRI | 0.401 7 | 0.398 3 | 0.349 9 | 0.565 9(0.490 6,0.639 1) |
| 临床信息+sMRI+fMRI | 0.793 0 | 0.805 5 | 0.796 8 | 0.804 4(0.740 8,0.859 4) |
), ArticleFig(id=1240633256375284382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240633244039836657, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
基于不同多模态组合的sPLS-DA模型评价指标
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| 模态组合 | Macro-P | Macro-R | Macro-F1 | Accuracy(95%CI) |
|---|
| 临床信息+sMRI | 0.786 0 | 0.809 3 | 0.795 9 | 0.802 2(0.736 8,0.857 4) |
| 临床信息+fMRI | 0.806 2 | 0.800 6 | 0.797 6 | 0.813 2(0.748 9,0.867 0) |
| sMRI+fMRI | 0.401 7 | 0.398 3 | 0.349 9 | 0.565 9(0.490 6,0.639 1) |
| 临床信息+sMRI+fMRI | 0.793 0 | 0.805 5 | 0.796 8 | 0.804 4(0.740 8,0.859 4) |
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