Article(id=1240413929579533075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240413921266429979, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411489, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732636800000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773667326587, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1754755200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773667326587, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773667326587, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773667326587, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240413921266429979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='15', pageStart='2689', pageEnd='2880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773667324606, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773667356299, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240414054267802325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240413921266429979, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240414054267802326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240413921266429979, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2822, endPage=2827, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240413929873134378, articleId=1240413929579533075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The impact of Fitness Qigong on depression in the elderly: the chain mediating effect of mindfulness and sense of life meaning, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective This study aims to explore the impact of Fitness Qigong on depression in middle-aged and elderly, as well as the chain mediating role of mindfulness and sense of meaning in life.
Methods The study utilized the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Taking middle-aged and elderly people in Guangxi Autonomous Region as the research subjects. A total of 1 000 questionnaires were distributed, with 956 valid responses returned, resulting in a 95.6%effective response rate. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 27.0. The Bootstrap method in the PROCESS V4.1 plug-in was used to test the mediating effect and verify the chain mediating role of mindfulness and meaning in life.
Results The depression detection rate among middle-aged and elderly people in Guangxi was 17.3%. Depression scores showed significant differences in terms of age, education level, marital status, and exercise intensity of Qigong. Fitness Qigong exercise has a significant direct negative effect on depression levels among middle-aged and elderly individuals (β=-0.30, P < 0.001). Mindfulness and meaning in life exhibited significant individual mediating effects in the relationship between Fitness Qigong exercise and depression, with effect values of -0.059 (95% CI: -0.087~-0.036) and-0.022(95% CI: -0.041~-0.005), accounting for 15.42% and 5.63% of the total effect,respectively. Additionally, the chain mediating effect was also significant, with an effect value of -0.008(95% CI: -0.017~-0.002), accounting for 2.16% of the total effect.
Conclusion Fitness Qigong not only directly reduces depression levels in the elderly but also affects depression levels through the chain mediating effects of mindfulness and meaning in life.
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目的 探讨健身气功锻炼对中老年人抑郁的影响以及正念和生命意义感的链式中介作用。
方法 采用健身气功锻炼等级量表、生命意义感量表(meaning in life questionnaire, MLQ)、正念注意知觉量表和病人健康问卷(patient health questionnaire-9, PHQ-9),对广西壮族自治区(简称广西)内的中老年人为研究对象发放问卷1 000份,回收有效问卷956份,有效回收率95.6%。采用SPSS 27.0软件进行描述性统计、相关性分析及回归分析。利用PROCESS V4.1插件中的bootstrap方法进行中介效应检验,验证正念和生命意义感的链式中介作用。
结果 广西中老年人抑郁的检出率为17.3%,抑郁得分在年龄、学历、婚姻状况、健身气功锻炼强度方面存在显著差异(P<0.05);健身气功锻炼对中老年人抑郁水平的直接效应显著(β=-0.30,P<0.001);正念和生命意义感在健身气功锻炼和抑郁之间的单独中介效应显著,效应值分别为-0.059(95% CI:-0.087~ -0.036)和-0.022(95% CI:-0.041~ -0.005),占总效应的15.42%和5.63%,链式中介效应显著,效应值为-0.008(95% CI:-0.017~ -0.002),占总效应的2.16%。
结论 健身气功锻炼不仅能直接降低中老年人的抑郁水平,还能通过正念和生命意义感的链式作用改善中老年人的抑郁情绪。
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孙文芳(1987—),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:运动心理学
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2022,
17(4): 2423-2443., articleTitle=The relationship between mindfulness and subjective Well-Being: examining the indirect effects of Self-Connection and meaning in Life, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240424360062808978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, awardId=24FTYB015, language=CN, fundingSource=2024年度国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(24FTYB015), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240424360155083668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, awardId=2024ZJY950, language=CN, fundingSource=广西“十四五”规划2024年度项目(2024ZJY950), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240424353125429888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240424353138012802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, companyId=1240424353125429888, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240424353251259014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, companyId=1240424353125429888, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.广西师范大学体育与健康学院,广西 桂林 541001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240424353360310926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240424353368699536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, companyId=1240424353360310926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.桂林电子科技大学体育部,广西 桂林 541002)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240424357902742356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=
Chain mediation model of mindfulness and meaning in life, figureFileSmall=LHJNudjhdE/9C/8BwDdSZw==, figureFileBig=mrQhfXuUodttv1D9fy04zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424357986628441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
正念和生命意义感的链式中介模型注:*表示P<0.05;**表示P<0.01;***表示P<0.001。
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Characteristics of participants and detection rate of depression [n(%),(
)]
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| 变量 | 选项 | 人数 | 无抑郁症状 人数 | 有抑郁症状 人数 | 抑郁 | t/F值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | | | | |
| 男 | 205 | 164(80.0) | 41(20.0) | 3.03±4.06 | -0.533 | 0.594 |
| 女 | 751 | 627(83.5) | 124(16.5) | 3.21±4.19 | | |
| 年龄(岁) | | | | | | | |
| 55~60 | 478 | 424(88.7) | 54(11.3) | 2.72±3.39 | 9.088 | <0.001 |
| 61~69 | 362 | 295(81.5) | 67(18.5) | 3.23±4.51 | | |
| 70~75 | 93 | 61(65.6) | 32(34.4) | 4.58±5.10 | | |
| >75 | 23 | 11(47.8) | 12(52.2) | 5.96±6.27 | | |
| 学历 | | | | | | | |
| 小学及以下 | 319 | 276(86.5) | 43(13.4) | 2.85±5.01 | 15.284 | <0.001 |
| 初中学历 | 277 | 202(72.9) | 75 (27.1) | 5.25±4.38 | | |
| 高中学历 | 234 | 210(89.7) | 24(10.3) | 2.29±2.02 | | |
| 大专及以上 | 126 | 103(81.7) | 23(18.3) | 3.32±4.06 | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | | | |
| 有配偶 | 634 | 541(85.3) | 93(14.7) | 2.93±4.49 | -2.722 | 0.007 |
| 无配偶 | 322 | 250(77.6) | 72 (22.3) | 3.64±3.39 | | |
| 居住情况 | | | | | | | |
| 独居 | 424 | 343(80.9) | 81(19.1) | 3.26±3.69 | 0.357 | 0.402 |
| 与子女同住 | 532 | 448(84.2) | 84 (15.8) | 3.00±4.96 | | |
| 锻炼强度 | | | | | | | |
| 小 | 110 | 54 (49.1) | 56(50.9) | 6.25±5.28 | 80.188 | <0.001 |
| 中 | 266 | 205(77.1) | 61 (22.9) | 4.54±3.26 | | |
| 大 | 580 | 532(91.7) | 48(8.3) | 1.96±3.79 | | |
| 合计 | | 956 | 791(82.7) | 165(17.3) | | | |
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调查对象基本情况及抑郁检出率[n(%),(
)]
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| 变量 | 选项 | 人数 | 无抑郁症状 人数 | 有抑郁症状 人数 | 抑郁 | t/F值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | | | | |
| 男 | 205 | 164(80.0) | 41(20.0) | 3.03±4.06 | -0.533 | 0.594 |
| 女 | 751 | 627(83.5) | 124(16.5) | 3.21±4.19 | | |
| 年龄(岁) | | | | | | | |
| 55~60 | 478 | 424(88.7) | 54(11.3) | 2.72±3.39 | 9.088 | <0.001 |
| 61~69 | 362 | 295(81.5) | 67(18.5) | 3.23±4.51 | | |
| 70~75 | 93 | 61(65.6) | 32(34.4) | 4.58±5.10 | | |
| >75 | 23 | 11(47.8) | 12(52.2) | 5.96±6.27 | | |
| 学历 | | | | | | | |
| 小学及以下 | 319 | 276(86.5) | 43(13.4) | 2.85±5.01 | 15.284 | <0.001 |
| 初中学历 | 277 | 202(72.9) | 75 (27.1) | 5.25±4.38 | | |
| 高中学历 | 234 | 210(89.7) | 24(10.3) | 2.29±2.02 | | |
| 大专及以上 | 126 | 103(81.7) | 23(18.3) | 3.32±4.06 | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | | | |
| 有配偶 | 634 | 541(85.3) | 93(14.7) | 2.93±4.49 | -2.722 | 0.007 |
| 无配偶 | 322 | 250(77.6) | 72 (22.3) | 3.64±3.39 | | |
| 居住情况 | | | | | | | |
| 独居 | 424 | 343(80.9) | 81(19.1) | 3.26±3.69 | 0.357 | 0.402 |
| 与子女同住 | 532 | 448(84.2) | 84 (15.8) | 3.00±4.96 | | |
| 锻炼强度 | | | | | | | |
| 小 | 110 | 54 (49.1) | 56(50.9) | 6.25±5.28 | 80.188 | <0.001 |
| 中 | 266 | 205(77.1) | 61 (22.9) | 4.54±3.26 | | |
| 大 | 580 | 532(91.7) | 48(8.3) | 1.96±3.79 | | |
| 合计 | | 956 | 791(82.7) | 165(17.3) | | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1240424358338949997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of each variable(r)
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| 变量 |  | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|
| 1.健身气功锻炼 | 47.76±21.37 | 1 | | | |
| 2.正念 | 71.87±13.20 | 0.342*** | 1 | | |
| 3.生命意义感 | 46.97±10.09 | 0.359*** | 0.384*** | 1 | |
| 4.抑郁 | 3.17±4.16 | -0.385*** | -0.305*** | -0.256*** | 1 |
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各变量的描述统计及相关分析(r)
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| 变量 |  | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|
| 1.健身气功锻炼 | 47.76±21.37 | 1 | | | |
| 2.正念 | 71.87±13.20 | 0.342*** | 1 | | |
| 3.生命意义感 | 46.97±10.09 | 0.359*** | 0.384*** | 1 | |
| 4.抑郁 | 3.17±4.16 | -0.385*** | -0.305*** | -0.256*** | 1 |
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The mediating effect regression model of mindfulness and meaning in life
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| 变量 | 抑郁 | 正念 | 生命意义感 | 抑郁 |
|---|
| β | t值 | β | t值 | β | t值 | β | t值 |
|---|
| 健身气功锻炼 | -0.38 | -12.86*** | 0.34 | 11.15*** | 0.26 | 8.44*** | -0.30 | -9.17*** |
| 正念 | | | | | 0.29 | 9.59*** | -0.17 | -5.37*** |
| 生命意义感 | | | | | | | -0.08 | -2.54* |
| R2值 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.20 |
| F值 | 60.89*** | 41.58*** | 62.31*** | 47.80*** |
), ArticleFig(id=1240424358649328510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
正念与生命意义感中介效应回归模型
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 抑郁 | 正念 | 生命意义感 | 抑郁 |
|---|
| β | t值 | β | t值 | β | t值 | β | t值 |
|---|
| 健身气功锻炼 | -0.38 | -12.86*** | 0.34 | 11.15*** | 0.26 | 8.44*** | -0.30 | -9.17*** |
| 正念 | | | | | 0.29 | 9.59*** | -0.17 | -5.37*** |
| 生命意义感 | | | | | | | -0.08 | -2.54* |
| R2值 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.20 |
| F值 | 60.89*** | 41.58*** | 62.31*** | 47.80*** |
), ArticleFig(id=1240424358770963334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Mediation analysis of mindfulness and meaning in life
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 效应 | 路径 | 效应值(95%CI) |  | 效应占比(%) |
|---|
| 间接效应 | 路径1 | -0.059(-0.087~-0.036) | 0.013 | 15.42 |
| 路径2 | -0.022(-0.041~-0.005) | 0.009 | 5.63 |
| 路径3 | -0.008(-0.017~-0.002) | 0.004 | 2.16 |
| 总间接效应 | | -0.089(-0.130~-0.053) | 0.019 | 23.21 |
| 直接效应 | | -0.295(-0.050~-0.045) | 0.006 | 76.79 |
| 总效应 | | -0.384(-0.086~-0.063) | 0.006 | 100 |
), ArticleFig(id=1240424359840510856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413929579533075, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
正念和生命意义感的中介分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 效应 | 路径 | 效应值(95%CI) |  | 效应占比(%) |
|---|
| 间接效应 | 路径1 | -0.059(-0.087~-0.036) | 0.013 | 15.42 |
| 路径2 | -0.022(-0.041~-0.005) | 0.009 | 5.63 |
| 路径3 | -0.008(-0.017~-0.002) | 0.004 | 2.16 |
| 总间接效应 | | -0.089(-0.130~-0.053) | 0.019 | 23.21 |
| 直接效应 | | -0.295(-0.050~-0.045) | 0.006 | 76.79 |
| 总效应 | | -0.384(-0.086~-0.063) | 0.006 | 100 |
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