Article(id=1240413921748774939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240413921266429979, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503318, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742227200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773667324721, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1754755200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773667324721, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773667324721, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773667324721, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240413921266429979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='15', pageStart='2689', pageEnd='2880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773667324606, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773667356299, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240414054267802325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240413921266429979, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240414054267802326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240413921266429979, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2689, endPage=2694, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240413922017210398, articleId=1240413921748774939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Trends in abdominal obesity and age-period-cohort effect analysis in Guangzhou from 2008 to 2018, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

This study aimed to investigate the trend of abdominal obesity in Guangzhou from 2008 to 2018 and assess the impact of age, period, and cohort effects on its prevalence during this period.

Methods

Based on data from the Guangzhou Community Health Survey conducted every five years, residents were classified into abdominal obesity and normal body type groups according to their waist-to-hip ratio. Time trend analysis and age-period-cohort (APC) models were applied to investigate changes in abdominal obesity and its influencing factors among residents aged 15 to 79 years in Guangzhou.

Results

The annual change rate of central obesity from 2008 to 2013 was 2.41% (1.86%-2.95%), whereas from 2013 to 2018, it decreased to -0.67% (-1.21%~-0.12%), indicating an initial increase followed by a subsequent decline. However, no significant decreasing trend was observed among the elderly population. The APC model identified advanced age as a significant factor for abdominal obesity in both men and women. Between 2008 and 2013, the prevalence of abdominal obesity increased by 15%, with women experiencing a greater rise than men, before declining to slightly below the 2008 level by 2018.Cohort effects revealed that individuals born around the time of China's economic reform had a higher risk of abdominal obesity.

Conclusion

Although the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Guangzhou shows a declining trend, it remains at a high level. There is a need for targeted interventions focusing on the elderly and individuals born around the 1970s, who underwent rapid nutritional transitions during that period.

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目的

了解广州市2008—2018年中心性肥胖趋势,评估年龄、时期和出生队列对该人群中心性肥胖的影响。

方法

基于每五年一次的广州社区健康调查的数据。根据腰臀比将居民分为中心性肥胖和正常体型。采用时间趋势分析和年龄-时期-队列(APC)模型研究广州市15 ~ 79岁居民中心性肥胖的变化及其影响因素。

结果

2008—2013年中心性肥胖的年均变化率为2.41%(1.86% ~ 2.95%),2013—2018年为-0.67%(-1.21% ~ -0.12%),整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,但老年人无显著下降趋势。APC模型分析表明,无论男女,高龄都是中心性肥胖的一个重要因素;2008—2013年中心性肥胖率增加了15%,女性增幅大于男性,随后在2018年降至稍低于2008年的水平;队列效应显示出生于营养转型时期的人群可能有更高的中心性肥胖的风险。

结论

广州市中心性肥胖的患病率呈下降的趋势,但仍维持高流行的水平。应关注老年人和上世纪70年代前后曾经历快速营养转型的群体,以制定更加精准的公共卫生干预措施。

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陈雄飞,E-mail:
董晓梅,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=cidi175paJW8EV1uYqlotQ==, magXml=Ijffc1RScgTbjcKwIM1uPg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=CgDZehHjgrCPd1sZ57NZ+g==, pdfFileSize=2009446, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=7Jv6UHq7EI4KNm53f0qglg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=VnOOpD/Q8shMblN1iq/YHw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

陈雄飞与董晓梅为共同通信作者

陈瑾(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

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陈瑾(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

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Shandong Social Science, 2017, (11): 60-71.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Continuity and change in Chinese gender concepts over the past two decades, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240424357034513101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, awardId=2020YFC2002904, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2002904), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240424357206479569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, awardId=2025—2027-12, language=CN, fundingSource=广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2025—2027-12), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240424345189798019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240424345198186628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, companyId=1240424345189798019, language=EN, country=null, province=null, 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figureFileSmall=wFaFsmru3LHlRExdTH6/jw==, figureFileBig=v2IbxkugGhq6iDVtiArCAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424354362741368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Age effect on the prevalence of abdominal obesity among residents aged 15-79 years in Guangzhou, figureFileSmall=mjRwBAw4gqwUDDfgudbSRA==, figureFileBig=gHmn0dJFYsGLmXT1FFQQYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424355881079422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=CN, label=图2, caption=广州市15 ~ 79岁居民中心性肥胖的年龄效应, figureFileSmall=mjRwBAw4gqwUDDfgudbSRA==, figureFileBig=gHmn0dJFYsGLmXT1FFQQYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424355990131333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Period effect on the prevalence of abdominal obesity among residents aged 15-79 years in Guangzhou, figureFileSmall=tc38wjGmIxPY22qZANBk2g==, figureFileBig=OkFRCy32YbIxu9tf/vgb0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424356099183242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=CN, label=图3, caption=广州市15 ~ 79岁居民中心性肥胖的时期效应, figureFileSmall=tc38wjGmIxPY22qZANBk2g==, figureFileBig=OkFRCy32YbIxu9tf/vgb0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424356195652244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Cohort effect on the prevalence of abdominal obesity among residents aged 15-79 years in Guangzhou, figureFileSmall=LCDLENH0AF0swm6UcnxuRA==, figureFileBig=Frkz6zjLd2FSRheD1whAIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424356334064286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=CN, label=图4, caption=广州市15 ~ 79岁居民中心性肥胖的队列效应, figureFileSmall=LCDLENH0AF0swm6UcnxuRA==, figureFileBig=Frkz6zjLd2FSRheD1whAIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240424356430533284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Average annual rate of change in the prevalence of abdominal obesity, 2008-2013 and 2013-2018 [%(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄(岁)总体男性女性
2008—2013年2013—2018年2008—2013年2013—2018年2008—2013年2013—2018年
总体2.41(1.86 ~ 2.95)a-0.67(-1.21 ~ -0.12)a2.56(1.89 ~ 3.21)a0.97(0.23 ~ 1.68)a1.97(1.51 ~ 2.44)a-2.04(-2.52 ~ -1.57)a
15 ~ 191.45(-1.08 ~ 3.96)-4.64(-12.06 ~ 1.59)3.50(-0.59 ~ 7.54)-0.01(-11.17 ~ 8.86)-0.13(-3.32 ~ 2.98)-8.86(-19.91 ~ -0.40)a
20 ~ 240.82(-1.23 ~ 2.85)-5.71(-8.88 ~ -2.64)a1.19(-2.09 ~ 4.44)-4.77(-10.00 ~ 0.17)0.08(-2.50 ~ 2.60)-6.59(-10.66 ~ -2.74)a
25 ~ 290.90(-0.89 ~ 2.71)-3.53(-5.79 ~ -1.26)a0.11(-2.79 ~ 2.97)-0.97(-4.75 ~ 2.77)1.14(-1.12 ~ 3.43)-5.41(-8.28 ~ -2.61)a
30 ~ 340.93(-0.64 ~ 2.51)-5.52(-7.39 ~ -3.67)a-1.75(-4.31 ~ 0.82)-1.54(-4.74 ~ 1.71)2.44(0.49 ~ 4.44)a-8.13(-10.36 ~ -5.90)a
35 ~ 392.82(1.38 ~ 4.26)a-5.37(-7.06 ~ -3.71)a4.06(1.82 ~ 6.32)a-3.71(-6.34 ~ -1.13)a1.69(-0.16 ~ 3.53)-6.58(-8.76 ~ -4.40)a
40 ~ 442.11(0.86 ~ 3.37)a-3.28(-4.75 ~ -1.83)a3.96(1.94 ~ 6.03)a-0.50(-2.78 ~ 1.77)0.55(-1.01 ~ 2.12)-5.25(-7.17 ~ -3.36)a
45 ~ 492.41(1.19 ~ 3.66)a-1.83(-3.07 ~ -0.58)a4.26(2.27 ~ 6.32)a-0.50(-2.55 ~ 1.54)0.73(-0.78 ~ 2.27)-2.81(-4.37 ~ -1.25)a
50 ~ 542.00(0.90 ~ 3.12)a-0.09(-1.18 ~ 1.00)2.03(0.10 ~ 3.99)a1.38(-0.63 ~ 3.41)1.74(0.44 ~ 3.03)a-1.35(-2.60 ~ -0.08)a
55 ~ 590.23(-0.83 ~ 1.29)0.38(-0.65 ~ 1.42)0.01(-1.94 ~ 1.98)2.12(0.11 ~ 4.16)a0.06(-1.10 ~ 1.25)-1.00(-2.15 ~ 0.16)
60 ~ 640.02(-1.05 ~ 1.11)-0.57(-1.53 ~ 0.42)-1.14(-3.11 ~ 0.86)2.17(0.29 ~ 4.11)a0.24(-0.87 ~ 1.39)-2.61(-3.65 ~ -1.55)a
65 ~ 691.25(0.07 ~ 2.46)a-0.62(-1.67 ~ 0.44)1.09(-1.20 ~ 3.48)0.63(-1.45 ~ 2.78)0.89(-0.32 ~ 2.13)-1.36(-2.46 ~ -0.26)a
70 ~ 740.51(-0.78 ~ 1.81)1.45(0.18 ~ 2.75)a1.47(-1.05 ~ 4.03)2.37(-0.09 ~ 4.91)-0.73(-2.01 ~ 0.55)0.92(-0.39 ~ 2.25)
75 ~ 790.45(-1.00 ~ 1.96)1.5(-0.05 ~ 3.06)-0.12(-2.91 ~ 2.78)0.47(-2.87 ~ 3.75)0.14(-1.37 ~ 1.72)2.14(0.66 ~ 3.62)a
), ArticleFig(id=1240424356543779504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2008—2013和2013—2018年中心性肥胖患病率的年均变化率[%(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄(岁)总体男性女性
2008—2013年2013—2018年2008—2013年2013—2018年2008—2013年2013—2018年
总体2.41(1.86 ~ 2.95)a-0.67(-1.21 ~ -0.12)a2.56(1.89 ~ 3.21)a0.97(0.23 ~ 1.68)a1.97(1.51 ~ 2.44)a-2.04(-2.52 ~ -1.57)a
15 ~ 191.45(-1.08 ~ 3.96)-4.64(-12.06 ~ 1.59)3.50(-0.59 ~ 7.54)-0.01(-11.17 ~ 8.86)-0.13(-3.32 ~ 2.98)-8.86(-19.91 ~ -0.40)a
20 ~ 240.82(-1.23 ~ 2.85)-5.71(-8.88 ~ -2.64)a1.19(-2.09 ~ 4.44)-4.77(-10.00 ~ 0.17)0.08(-2.50 ~ 2.60)-6.59(-10.66 ~ -2.74)a
25 ~ 290.90(-0.89 ~ 2.71)-3.53(-5.79 ~ -1.26)a0.11(-2.79 ~ 2.97)-0.97(-4.75 ~ 2.77)1.14(-1.12 ~ 3.43)-5.41(-8.28 ~ -2.61)a
30 ~ 340.93(-0.64 ~ 2.51)-5.52(-7.39 ~ -3.67)a-1.75(-4.31 ~ 0.82)-1.54(-4.74 ~ 1.71)2.44(0.49 ~ 4.44)a-8.13(-10.36 ~ -5.90)a
35 ~ 392.82(1.38 ~ 4.26)a-5.37(-7.06 ~ -3.71)a4.06(1.82 ~ 6.32)a-3.71(-6.34 ~ -1.13)a1.69(-0.16 ~ 3.53)-6.58(-8.76 ~ -4.40)a
40 ~ 442.11(0.86 ~ 3.37)a-3.28(-4.75 ~ -1.83)a3.96(1.94 ~ 6.03)a-0.50(-2.78 ~ 1.77)0.55(-1.01 ~ 2.12)-5.25(-7.17 ~ -3.36)a
45 ~ 492.41(1.19 ~ 3.66)a-1.83(-3.07 ~ -0.58)a4.26(2.27 ~ 6.32)a-0.50(-2.55 ~ 1.54)0.73(-0.78 ~ 2.27)-2.81(-4.37 ~ -1.25)a
50 ~ 542.00(0.90 ~ 3.12)a-0.09(-1.18 ~ 1.00)2.03(0.10 ~ 3.99)a1.38(-0.63 ~ 3.41)1.74(0.44 ~ 3.03)a-1.35(-2.60 ~ -0.08)a
55 ~ 590.23(-0.83 ~ 1.29)0.38(-0.65 ~ 1.42)0.01(-1.94 ~ 1.98)2.12(0.11 ~ 4.16)a0.06(-1.10 ~ 1.25)-1.00(-2.15 ~ 0.16)
60 ~ 640.02(-1.05 ~ 1.11)-0.57(-1.53 ~ 0.42)-1.14(-3.11 ~ 0.86)2.17(0.29 ~ 4.11)a0.24(-0.87 ~ 1.39)-2.61(-3.65 ~ -1.55)a
65 ~ 691.25(0.07 ~ 2.46)a-0.62(-1.67 ~ 0.44)1.09(-1.20 ~ 3.48)0.63(-1.45 ~ 2.78)0.89(-0.32 ~ 2.13)-1.36(-2.46 ~ -0.26)a
70 ~ 740.51(-0.78 ~ 1.81)1.45(0.18 ~ 2.75)a1.47(-1.05 ~ 4.03)2.37(-0.09 ~ 4.91)-0.73(-2.01 ~ 0.55)0.92(-0.39 ~ 2.25)
75 ~ 790.45(-1.00 ~ 1.96)1.5(-0.05 ~ 3.06)-0.12(-2.91 ~ 2.78)0.47(-2.87 ~ 3.75)0.14(-1.37 ~ 1.72)2.14(0.66 ~ 3.62)a
), ArticleFig(id=1240424356657025720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

APC model analysis on abdominal obesity among residents aged 15-79 years in Guangzhou, 2008—2018

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
APC总体男性女性
RR/Rate95%CIRR/Rate95%CIRR/Rate95%CI
年龄(岁)
15 ~ 1942.69(39.14 ~ 46.30)29.77(25.37 ~ 34.58)57.09(52.17 ~ 61.87)
20 ~ 2442.45(39.84 ~ 45.10)32.44(29.02 ~ 36.07)53.44(49.79 ~ 57.05)
25 ~ 2942.21(40.49 ~ 43.95)35.23(32.87 ~ 37.66)49.75(47.33 ~ 52.17)
30 ~ 3442.12(41.08 ~ 43.17)38.25(36.78 ~ 39.74)46.27(44.81 ~ 47.74)
35 ~ 3942.97(42.06 ~ 43.88)42.14(40.78 ~ 43.52)44.04(42.83 ~ 45.27)
40 ~ 4445.70(44.47 ~ 46.93)47.74(45.80 ~ 49.69)44.27(42.70 ~ 45.86)
45 ~ 4950.83(48.81 ~ 52.84)55.15(51.88 ~ 58.38)47.61(45.01 ~ 50.23)
50 ~ 5456.82(54.04 ~ 59.55)61.70(57.42 ~ 65.80)52.39(48.73 ~ 56.03)
55 ~ 5961.96(58.96 ~ 64.88)65.55(61.01 ~ 69.81)56.71(52.61 ~ 60.73)
60 ~ 6466.14(62.93 ~ 69.21)68.85(64.06 ~ 73.26)60.46(55.87 ~ 64.86)
65 ~ 6969.64(66.30 ~ 72.78)72.11(67.20 ~ 76.54)63.91(58.97 ~ 68.58)
70 ~ 7472.71(68.98 ~ 76.15)75.22(69.87 ~ 79.89)67.17(61.32 ~ 72.53)
75 ~ 7975.55(71.10 ~ 79.50)78.10(72.00 ~ 83.18)70.26(62.91 ~ 76.69)
时期(年)
20081.001.001.00
20131.15(1.12 ~ 1.20)1.06(1.01 ~ 1.11)1.24(1.18 ~ 1.31)
20180.98(0.98 ~ 0.99)0.99(0.98 ~ 0.999)0.98(0.98 ~ 0.99)
出生队列(年)
1929—19330.66(0.52 ~ 0.85)0.32(0.22 ~ 0.46)1.66(1.14 ~ 2.42)
1934—19380.70(0.57 ~ 0.86)0.35(0.26 ~ 0.48)1.67(1.23 ~ 2.25)
1939—19430.74(0.62 ~ 0.88)0.39(0.30 ~ 0.50)1.67(1.31 ~ 2.13)
1944—19480.78(0.67 ~ 0.91)0.43(0.34 ~ 0.54)1.67(1.36 ~ 2.05)
1949—19530.83(0.72 ~ 0.96)0.47(0.38 ~ 0.59)1.61(1.34 ~ 1.95)
1954—19580.89(0.78 ~ 1.00)0.52(0.44 ~ 0.64)1.49(1.26 ~ 1.77)
1959—19630.95(0.85 ~ 1.06)0.61(0.51 ~ 0.72)1.37(1.18 ~ 1.59)
1964—19681.02(0.94 ~ 1.10)0.76(0.67 ~ 0.85)1.28(1.16 ~ 1.41)
1969—19731.05(1.02 ~ 1.09)0.92(0.88 ~ 0.97)1.17(1.12 ~ 1.22)
1974—19781.001.001.00
1979—19830.89(0.86 ~ 0.92)0.98(0.93 ~ 1.04)0.81(0.77 ~ 0.84)
1984—19880.77(0.71 ~ 0.83)0.92(0.82 ~ 1.03)0.63(0.57 ~ 0.70)
1989—19930.66(0.58 ~ 0.74)0.85(0.71 ~ 1.03)0.49(0.42 ~ 0.58)
1994—19980.56(0.48 ~ 0.67)0.79(0.62 ~ 1.02)0.38(0.31 ~ 0.48)
1999—20030.48(0.39 ~ 0.60)0.74(0.54 ~ 1.01)0.30(0.23 ~ 0.40)
), ArticleFig(id=1240424356782854844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240413921748774939, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2008—2018年广州市15 ~ 79岁居民中心性肥胖APC模型分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
APC总体男性女性
RR/Rate95%CIRR/Rate95%CIRR/Rate95%CI
年龄(岁)
15 ~ 1942.69(39.14 ~ 46.30)29.77(25.37 ~ 34.58)57.09(52.17 ~ 61.87)
20 ~ 2442.45(39.84 ~ 45.10)32.44(29.02 ~ 36.07)53.44(49.79 ~ 57.05)
25 ~ 2942.21(40.49 ~ 43.95)35.23(32.87 ~ 37.66)49.75(47.33 ~ 52.17)
30 ~ 3442.12(41.08 ~ 43.17)38.25(36.78 ~ 39.74)46.27(44.81 ~ 47.74)
35 ~ 3942.97(42.06 ~ 43.88)42.14(40.78 ~ 43.52)44.04(42.83 ~ 45.27)
40 ~ 4445.70(44.47 ~ 46.93)47.74(45.80 ~ 49.69)44.27(42.70 ~ 45.86)
45 ~ 4950.83(48.81 ~ 52.84)55.15(51.88 ~ 58.38)47.61(45.01 ~ 50.23)
50 ~ 5456.82(54.04 ~ 59.55)61.70(57.42 ~ 65.80)52.39(48.73 ~ 56.03)
55 ~ 5961.96(58.96 ~ 64.88)65.55(61.01 ~ 69.81)56.71(52.61 ~ 60.73)
60 ~ 6466.14(62.93 ~ 69.21)68.85(64.06 ~ 73.26)60.46(55.87 ~ 64.86)
65 ~ 6969.64(66.30 ~ 72.78)72.11(67.20 ~ 76.54)63.91(58.97 ~ 68.58)
70 ~ 7472.71(68.98 ~ 76.15)75.22(69.87 ~ 79.89)67.17(61.32 ~ 72.53)
75 ~ 7975.55(71.10 ~ 79.50)78.10(72.00 ~ 83.18)70.26(62.91 ~ 76.69)
时期(年)
20081.001.001.00
20131.15(1.12 ~ 1.20)1.06(1.01 ~ 1.11)1.24(1.18 ~ 1.31)
20180.98(0.98 ~ 0.99)0.99(0.98 ~ 0.999)0.98(0.98 ~ 0.99)
出生队列(年)
1929—19330.66(0.52 ~ 0.85)0.32(0.22 ~ 0.46)1.66(1.14 ~ 2.42)
1934—19380.70(0.57 ~ 0.86)0.35(0.26 ~ 0.48)1.67(1.23 ~ 2.25)
1939—19430.74(0.62 ~ 0.88)0.39(0.30 ~ 0.50)1.67(1.31 ~ 2.13)
1944—19480.78(0.67 ~ 0.91)0.43(0.34 ~ 0.54)1.67(1.36 ~ 2.05)
1949—19530.83(0.72 ~ 0.96)0.47(0.38 ~ 0.59)1.61(1.34 ~ 1.95)
1954—19580.89(0.78 ~ 1.00)0.52(0.44 ~ 0.64)1.49(1.26 ~ 1.77)
1959—19630.95(0.85 ~ 1.06)0.61(0.51 ~ 0.72)1.37(1.18 ~ 1.59)
1964—19681.02(0.94 ~ 1.10)0.76(0.67 ~ 0.85)1.28(1.16 ~ 1.41)
1969—19731.05(1.02 ~ 1.09)0.92(0.88 ~ 0.97)1.17(1.12 ~ 1.22)
1974—19781.001.001.00
1979—19830.89(0.86 ~ 0.92)0.98(0.93 ~ 1.04)0.81(0.77 ~ 0.84)
1984—19880.77(0.71 ~ 0.83)0.92(0.82 ~ 1.03)0.63(0.57 ~ 0.70)
1989—19930.66(0.58 ~ 0.74)0.85(0.71 ~ 1.03)0.49(0.42 ~ 0.58)
1994—19980.56(0.48 ~ 0.67)0.79(0.62 ~ 1.02)0.38(0.31 ~ 0.48)
1999—20030.48(0.39 ~ 0.60)0.74(0.54 ~ 1.01)0.30(0.23 ~ 0.40)
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2008—2018年广州市中心性肥胖趋势及其年龄-时期-队列效应分析
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陈瑾 1 , 郑宛珊 1 , 凌莹 1 , 吴怡倩 2 , 黄沛明 1 , 唐敏 2 , 周琴 3 , 杨韵鸥 3 , 吴雪霁 3 , 董晓梅 1 , 陈雄飞 3
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025,52(15): 2689-2694
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025, 52(15): 2689-2694
2008—2018年广州市中心性肥胖趋势及其年龄-时期-队列效应分析
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陈瑾1, 郑宛珊1, 凌莹1, 吴怡倩2, 黄沛明1, 唐敏2, 周琴3, 杨韵鸥3, 吴雪霁3, 董晓梅1 , 陈雄飞3
作者信息
  • 1.暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510632
  • 2.广州体育学院运动与健康学院
  • 3.广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东 广州 510440
  • 陈瑾(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

通讯作者:

陈雄飞,E-mail:
董晓梅,E-mail:
Trends in abdominal obesity and age-period-cohort effect analysis in Guangzhou from 2008 to 2018
Jin CHEN1, Wan-shan ZHENG1, Ying LING1, Yi-qian WU2, Pei-ming HUANG1, Min TANG2, Qin ZHOU3, Yun-ou YANG3, Xue-ji WU3, Xiao-mei DONG1 , Xiong-fei CHEN3
Affiliations
  • Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
出版时间: 2025-08-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503318
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目的

了解广州市2008—2018年中心性肥胖趋势,评估年龄、时期和出生队列对该人群中心性肥胖的影响。

方法

基于每五年一次的广州社区健康调查的数据。根据腰臀比将居民分为中心性肥胖和正常体型。采用时间趋势分析和年龄-时期-队列(APC)模型研究广州市15 ~ 79岁居民中心性肥胖的变化及其影响因素。

结果

2008—2013年中心性肥胖的年均变化率为2.41%(1.86% ~ 2.95%),2013—2018年为-0.67%(-1.21% ~ -0.12%),整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,但老年人无显著下降趋势。APC模型分析表明,无论男女,高龄都是中心性肥胖的一个重要因素;2008—2013年中心性肥胖率增加了15%,女性增幅大于男性,随后在2018年降至稍低于2008年的水平;队列效应显示出生于营养转型时期的人群可能有更高的中心性肥胖的风险。

结论

广州市中心性肥胖的患病率呈下降的趋势,但仍维持高流行的水平。应关注老年人和上世纪70年代前后曾经历快速营养转型的群体,以制定更加精准的公共卫生干预措施。

中心性肥胖  /  年龄-时期-队列效应  /  腰臀比  /  性别差异  /  趋势
Objective

This study aimed to investigate the trend of abdominal obesity in Guangzhou from 2008 to 2018 and assess the impact of age, period, and cohort effects on its prevalence during this period.

Methods

Based on data from the Guangzhou Community Health Survey conducted every five years, residents were classified into abdominal obesity and normal body type groups according to their waist-to-hip ratio. Time trend analysis and age-period-cohort (APC) models were applied to investigate changes in abdominal obesity and its influencing factors among residents aged 15 to 79 years in Guangzhou.

Results

The annual change rate of central obesity from 2008 to 2013 was 2.41% (1.86%-2.95%), whereas from 2013 to 2018, it decreased to -0.67% (-1.21%~-0.12%), indicating an initial increase followed by a subsequent decline. However, no significant decreasing trend was observed among the elderly population. The APC model identified advanced age as a significant factor for abdominal obesity in both men and women. Between 2008 and 2013, the prevalence of abdominal obesity increased by 15%, with women experiencing a greater rise than men, before declining to slightly below the 2008 level by 2018.Cohort effects revealed that individuals born around the time of China's economic reform had a higher risk of abdominal obesity.

Conclusion

Although the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Guangzhou shows a declining trend, it remains at a high level. There is a need for targeted interventions focusing on the elderly and individuals born around the 1970s, who underwent rapid nutritional transitions during that period.

Abdominal obesity  /  Age-period-cohort effects  /  Waist-to-hip ratio  /  Gender differences  /  Trends
陈瑾, 郑宛珊, 凌莹, 吴怡倩, 黄沛明, 唐敏, 周琴, 杨韵鸥, 吴雪霁, 董晓梅, 陈雄飞. 2008—2018年广州市中心性肥胖趋势及其年龄-时期-队列效应分析. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (15) : 2689 -2694 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503318
Jin CHEN, Wan-shan ZHENG, Ying LING, Yi-qian WU, Pei-ming HUANG, Min TANG, Qin ZHOU, Yun-ou YANG, Xue-ji WU, Xiao-mei DONG, Xiong-fei CHEN. Trends in abdominal obesity and age-period-cohort effect analysis in Guangzhou from 2008 to 2018[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (15) : 2689 -2694 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503318
随着社会经济发展和人民生活的改善,超重和肥胖在过去四十年间已经悄然发展为中国重大卫生问题之一[1]。有研究预测,到2030年中国将有三分之二的成年人受到超重肥胖的影响,60%的成年人患有中心性肥胖[2]
肥胖,尤其是中心性肥胖,与糖尿病、癌症及心血管疾病等多种慢性病的发生发展都有关联[3-5]。中心性肥胖的个体,即使体重正常,其患心血管疾病的风险也会大幅增加[6]。既往对中心性肥胖的研究大多是聚焦于腰围[7],而腰臀比作为衡量中心性肥胖的另一个指标,更能提供脂肪分布等信息。目前我国对腰臀比衡量的中心性肥胖研究较少,本研究将重点探讨腰臀比在中心性肥胖评估中的应用。
几十年来,我国公共卫生事业持续发展,先后推出并完善公共卫生政策,人民的生活方式发生了巨大的变化,这些变化可能在年龄分层,时期效应以及出生队列维度对中心性肥胖患病率产生不同的影响。本研究使用年龄-时期-队列(age-period-cohort,APC)模型分析2008—2018年广州市15 ~ 79岁居民的中心性肥胖率的变化趋势及其年龄、时期、队列效应,为广州市中心性肥胖防控政策的制定提供了数据支持和参考依据。
本研究数据来源于广州市疾病预防控制中心开展的五年一次的社区诊断居民健康状况评估项目。分别于2008、2013和2018年展开调查,以家庭为单位采用五阶段整群随机抽样抽取调查对象,除孕妇外,15 ~ 79岁、在当地居住≥6个月、无关键信息缺失的常住居民均纳入研究,最终于2008、2013和2018年分别纳入研究对象22 740、17 733和15 315名。调查前均签署知情同意书。
所有调查对象的基础信息均由经过培训的社区医生进行面对面询问调查。体格检查由接受过专门培训且考核合格的医生进行。测量方法均符合中华人民共和国行业标准《人群健康监测人体测量方法》(WS/T 424—2013)。腰围测量使用长度为1.5 m,宽度为1 cm,最小刻度为0.1 cm的皮尺,在肚脐上缘1 cm的水平面环绕一圈,调查员与皮尺刻度尺在同一水平面上,调查对象平缓呼吸时记录读数,具体数值精确到0.1 cm;臀围测量将皮尺刻度缘水平放置在臀部最大周径部位,调查员与皮尺刻度尺在同一水平面上记录读数,具体数值精确到0.1 cm。以上测量均重复测量两次取平均值,测量误差控制在±0.5 cm以内,超出范围的测量值重新测量。
腰臀比的计算公式为。根据腰臀比判断是否为中心性肥胖,男性腰臀比≥0.9,女性腰臀比≥0.85者为中心性肥胖[8]
中心性肥胖患病率的年均相对变化率计算公式为:
计算两个时间(t1和t2)之间中心性肥胖患病率的复合年均变化率。年均相对变化的95%置信区间(CI)计算是使用100 000次蒙特卡罗模拟独立的二项分布进行抽样得出[9]
本研究将年龄及出生队列以五年的时间间隔划分,为15 ~ 19岁到75 ~ 79岁,对应1929—1933年出生队列到1999—2003年出生队列,时期为2008、2013和2018年三个时期组。考虑到中心性肥胖的普遍性,使用二项分布代替泊松分布进行建模[10]
应用Excel 2019软件对数据进行数据预处理,使用R4.4.1进行时间趋势分析,使用Epi包中的apc.fit函数进行APC模型拟合。检验水准α=0.05。
2008、2013和2018年广州市中心性肥胖的粗患病率分别为48.3%、54.4%和52.6%。中心性肥胖率在2008—2013年期间呈上升趋势(年均变化率为2.41%),2013—2018年则有所下降(年均变化率为-0.67%)。其中,男性在2008—2013年肥胖率上升幅度较大,为2.56%,在2013—2018年虽有所放缓,但仍是上升趋势,为0.97%。女性则在2008—2013年有所上升,为1.97%,在2013—2018年出现较大幅度的下降,为-2.04%。20 ~ 24岁至45 ~ 49岁各年龄组的青中年在2013—2018年肥胖率显著下降,其中35 ~ 39岁至45 ~ 49岁各年龄组以及50 ~ 54岁、65 ~ 69岁年龄组的居民在2008—2013年中心性肥胖呈上升趋势,此外,70 ~ 74岁及以上老年人的中心性肥胖率在2013—2018年仍有上升。见表1
图1是对中心性肥胖率在不同年龄、时期和出生队列的初步探索。图1A显示的是横断面年龄别中心性肥胖患病率,2013年中心性肥胖率在所有年龄组整体都高于2008年的水平,2018年则出现年轻人中心性肥胖率降低,而老年人升高的变化。图1B显示了纵向的年龄别中心性肥胖患病率,1934—1938年至1964—1968年各出生队列组,中心性肥胖患病率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,1939—1943年出生队列组达到患病率的最高值,1969—1973年至1989—1993年各出生队列随年龄的增长呈先上升后下降的趋势,1994—1998年随年龄增长呈下降趋势。
在调整了时期效应和队列效应后,中年之后中心性肥胖率随着年龄的增长呈现递增趋势,最高值出现在75 ~ 79岁年龄组。按性别分层,男性的中心性肥胖率呈单调递增趋势,而女性则在15 ~ 19岁至35 ~ 39岁年龄组呈降低趋势,40岁之后上升。见表2图2
总体及性别分层的时期效应随着时间均呈现倒“v”型曲线。以2008年作为对照,2013年总体中心性肥胖率较2008年增加了15%,其中男性增加了6%,女性增加了24%,2013年女性的RR值高于男性,于2018年回落至稍低于2008年水平。见表2图3
以改革开放前夕1974—1978年出生队列作为对照,调整了年龄和时期效应,队列效应显示中心性肥胖的患病风险随着出生队列的推移先增长后下降,在1969—1973年出生的队列达到峰值,是1974—1978年出生队列的1.05倍,随后快速下降,1999—2003年是1974—1978年出生队列的0.48倍。按性别分层,男性的中心性肥胖患病风险随着出生队列的推移升高,至1974—1978年最高,随后下降没有统计学意义;女性则是1929—1933年至1944—1948年各出生队列患病风险保持高位,随后随着出生队列的推移逐渐下降。见表2图4
本研究显示,近十年来广州居民中心性肥胖的检出率持续较高,在2013和2018年有超过一半的居民患有中心性肥胖,但趋势有所下降,而美国同期的中心性肥胖率仍呈上升趋势[11]。中心性肥胖已被广泛认定为多种疾病的危险因素,一项meta分析指出,老年人群中,中心性肥胖与虚弱呈正相关[12];发表在BMJ上一项涉及31个队列的meta分析显示,腰臀比每增加0.1个单位,全因死亡风险增加20%[13],中心性肥胖已经成为了亟需关注的公共卫生问题。尽管广州市中心性肥胖的控制手段取到了一定的成效,但对于70岁以上的老年人的效果仍然不够理想,与张晓帆等人[14]的研究相似。一项随机对照试验显示,太极拳是减少50岁及以上成年人腹部脂肪的有效运动[15],未来可探讨对这部分人群进行评估推广的方式。
在调整了时期和队列的影响后,本研究发现高龄仍然是中心性肥胖的重要风险因素。高龄几乎在所有慢性病中都发挥着重要的作用[16]。随着年龄的增长,人体的基础代谢率逐渐下降,能量消耗减少,而老龄化伴随肌肉量减少和脂肪比例增加会进一步降低基础代谢率[17],如果摄入的热量不随之调整,就容易导致脂肪堆积,尤其是在腹部区域,形成中心性肥胖。睡眠规律与中心性肥胖也存在负性关联,随着年龄的增长,睡眠规律性会因夜尿、早醒等问题受到影响,导致中心性肥胖[18]。女性在更年期后雌激素水平下降,脂肪更易向腹部集中[19],男性睾酮水平下降则可能导致“性腺功能减退-肥胖循环”,进一步造成更多的腹部脂肪堆积,同时加剧睾酮水平的降低[20]。除此之外,身体活动也是影响中心性肥胖的重要影响因素[21],中老年人退休后身体活动减少,更容易导致中心性肥胖的发生。老年男性发展为中心性肥胖的比例高于女性是因为女性在老年阶段往往会发展为全身性肥胖[9]。女性在青春期晚期,可能因升学压力较大,身体活动较少,显示出较高的肥胖风险[22]
时期效应表明,中心性肥胖的患病率先上升后下降,在2013年达到峰值。这一变化与我国一系列基本公共卫生政策的提出和实施密切相关。2009年我国为居民免费建立健康档案,并将广州部分地区列为国家慢性病综合防控示范区,加强对高血压、糖尿病、肥胖等慢性病的监测、管理与干预;2010年加大了控烟力度[23],减少了与吸烟相关疾病风险,同时也间接影响了肥胖的患病率。然而,我国居民的腰围知晓率普遍较低,据2018年的调查显示,我国成年居民的腰围知晓率仅有11.6%,中心性肥胖患者的腰围知晓率更低[24]。因此未来应加强腰围、臀围、腰臀比等健康相关指标的宣传教育,提高居民对自身腰围、臀围以及腰臀比的关注。
广州市居民中心性肥胖的发生风险随着队列的推移呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在改革开放前夕达到最高峰。“健康和疾病的发育起源”指出早年的一些生活经历会深刻影响到成年患代谢性疾病的风险[25]。改革开放前,由于食物供应不足,许多居民处于“饥饿”状态。随着改革开放后经济的快速发展,食物供应大幅增加,人们的饮食模式也发生了转变,开始由“吃不饱”向“吃得饱甚至吃得多”的转变,由以粗粮为主逐渐向以精细粮、高脂、高糖食品为主转型[26]。在改革开放初期,公共卫生政策也具有滞后性,1993年颁布的《九十年代中国食物结构改革与发展纲要》,是建国以来第一个由国家正式颁布的食品营养方面相关文件[26],未能及时引导人们形成健康的生活方式,导致处于结构调整期这代人在成年后更易积累脂肪,特别是中心性肥胖。进一步分析性别差异发现,发现女性出生早的个体,中心性肥胖风险较高,这可能与“节俭表型假说”有关,出生于营养匮乏时期的个体可能发展出“节俭表型”,即更高效地储存能量以适应营养不足的环境,但在成年后进入营养过剩环境时,这种表型反而增加了肥胖及相关慢性病的风险[27];同时,近几十年来女性受到大众审美的影响,越来越注重身材管理,出生较晚的女性显示出较低的中心性肥胖风险。男性群体的中心性肥胖风险则呈现出随队列推移逐渐增高的趋势,直到改革开放前夕达到高峰。这一变化可能与中国传统性别观念“男尊女卑”、社会分工“男外女内”密切相关[28],在生活条件改善的背景下,男性被鼓励摄入更多肉类等高热量的食物,导致出生于那个时代的男性中心性肥胖的风险增加;此外,男性在改革开放前大多从事较为体力化的工作,但随着经济转型和城镇化进程的加快,男性的工作性质逐渐从体力劳动转向脑力劳动,体力活动减少,加大了中心性肥胖的风险。未来可加强对此出生队列的人群的关注,评估其特殊的健康需求。
本研究仍存在一定的局限性,本研究的数据时间跨度仅为十年,时期点仅为三个,因2004年的调查未对臀围进行测量,故没有纳入研究,未来仍需要构建更长时间跨度的数据体系,进一步探索代际差异、环境暴露时期及生命里程累积效应对居民的中心性肥胖的影响;本研究为广州的研究结果,但可为其他地区提供参考。
综上所述,广州市中心性肥胖的患病率有下降的趋势,但仍然是高流行的水平,体重管理是我们国家当前的重大倡议,中心性肥胖问题也应受到关注,需针对性加强中心性肥胖的宣传教育及其危害科普。同时应关注上世纪70年代前后曾经历快速营养转型的这一代人,评估其健康需求,平衡经济发展与健康公平。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2002904)
  • 广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2025—2027-12)
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2025年第52卷第15期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503318
  • 接收时间:2025-03-18
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2025-08-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-18
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2002904)
广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2025—2027-12)
作者信息
    1.暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510632
    2.广州体育学院运动与健康学院
    3.广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东 广州 510440

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董晓梅,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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