Article(id=1240395013750846433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240395006914130733, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502367, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740499200000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773662816703, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1753372800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773662816703, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773662816703, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773662816703, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240395006914130733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='14', pageStart='2497', pageEnd='2688', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773662815073, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773662858015, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240395187109810535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240395006914130733, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240395187109810536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240395006914130733, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2676, endPage=2681, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240395013998310388, articleId=1240395013750846433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Interaction between triglyceride-glucose index and obesity indicators on risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among the elderly, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the impact of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and obesity indicators on the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among participants aged ≥60 years, so as to provide evidence for the early prevention of NAFLD.

Methods

A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 95 932 elderly individuals in 2022 in Nanjing. These individuals underwent questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the effects of the TyG and multiple obesity indicators on the risk of NAFLD, followed by the interaction analysis between TyG and each obesity indicator. The diagnostic value of the TyG and its combination with obesity indicators was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

In the study, the prevalence of NAFLD was 39.66%. After adjusting for confounding factors, logistic regression analysis showed that as the increase of TyG and obesity indicators, including BMI, Chinese visceral adiposity index, and lipid accumulation product, the risk of NAFLD in the elderly increased, with odds ratios of 1.86 (1.80-1.93), 3.69 (3.57-3.80), 3.66 (3.54-3.79), and 3.28 (3.17-3.39), respectively (P<0.001). Interaction analysis revealed that compared to low levels of both the TyG and obesity indicator, one variable at a high level or both at high levels increased the risk of NAFLD, indicating a synergistic effect. The diagnostic ability of the TyG combined with obesity indicators for NAFLD risk was higher than that of the TyG alone.

Conclusion

The risk of NAFLD in individuals aged ≥60 years increases with higher levels of the TyG and obesity indicators, and they have a combined effect on NAFLD risk. TyG combined with BMI may be a simple and efficient tool for the early screening of NAFLD in elderly people.

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目的

探索甘油三酯-葡萄糖(triglyceride-glucose, TyG)指数与肥胖指标对≥60岁老年人群非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)患病风险的影响,为NAFLD的早期预防提供依据。

方法

2022年采取分层随机整群抽样法选取南京95 932名体检老年人进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。采用logistic回归分析TyG与多项肥胖指标对NAFLD患病风险的影响,并分析TyG与各肥胖指标分别联合后对NAFLD的交互作用;采用受试者工作特征曲线评估TyG及其联合肥胖指标的诊断价值。

结果

本研究中NAFLD占39.66%。调整混杂因素后,logistic回归分析结果显示,随着TyG和肥胖指标BMI、中国人内脏脂肪指数和脂质蓄积指数的增加,NAFLD患病风险均上升,OR值分别为1.86(1.80~1.93)、3.69 (3.57~3.80)、3.66 (3.54~3.79)和3.28 (3.17~3.39)(均P<0.001)。交互作用结果显示,与TyG和肥胖指标均为低水平相比,其中之一或二者皆为高水平,NAFLD风险均增加,且二者存在协同作用。TyG联合各肥胖指标对NAFLD患病风险的诊断能力高于单一指标TyG。

结论

老年人群NAFLD患病风险随TyG和肥胖指标水平的升高而增加,且具有联合效应。TyG联合BMI可能是老年人群NAFLD早期筛查的简单且高效的工具。

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王志勇,E-mail:
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程云凤(1993—),女,本科,主管医师,研究方向:基本公共卫生服务项目老年人健康管理

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Interaction between body mass index and triglyceride-glucose index on the occurrence of hyperuricemia among adults, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240413551098122710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=31, issue=1, pageStart=78, pageEnd=84, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=29, authorNames=田英杰, 吴广, 吴云, journalName=中华高血压杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=田英杰,吴广,吴云,等.三酰甘油-葡萄糖乘积指数与肥胖对蒙古族高血压患病的交互作用[J].中华高血压杂志2023,31(1):78-84., articleTitle=三酰甘油-葡萄糖乘积指数与肥胖对蒙古族高血压患病的交互作用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240413551215563227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=31, issue=1, pageStart=78, pageEnd=84, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Tian YJ, Wu G, Wu Y, journalName=Chinese Journal of Hypertension, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tian YJ, Wu G, Wu Y, et al.The interaction between triglyceride-glucose product index and obesity on the prevalence of hypertension in Mongolian population[J]. Chinese Journal of Hypertension, 2023, 31(1): 78-84. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The interaction between triglyceride-glucose product index and obesity on the prevalence of hypertension in Mongolian population, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240413551299449311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=13, pageStart=3649, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Palma R, Pronio A, Romeo M, journalName=J Clin Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Palma R, Pronio A, Romeo M, et al. The role of insulin resistance in fueling NAFLD pathogenesis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications[J]. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(13): 3649., articleTitle=The role of insulin resistance in fueling NAFLD pathogenesis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240413551421084129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Cobos-Palacios L, Ruiz-Moreno MI, Vilches-Perez A, journalName=PLoS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cobos-Palacios L, Ruiz-Moreno MI, Vilches-Perez A, et al. Metabolically healthy obesity: Inflammatory biomarkers and adipokines in elderly population[J]. PLoS One, 2022, 17(6): e0265362., articleTitle=Metabolically healthy obesity: Inflammatory biomarkers and adipokines in elderly population, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240413537756042069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240413537764430678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, companyId=1240413537756042069, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240413537768624983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, companyId=1240413537756042069, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏 南京 210003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240413537873482592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240413537886065505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, companyId=1240413537873482592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.南京医科大学公共卫生学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240413544827637953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristicsof NAFLD and Non-NAFLD groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征非NAFLD组NAFLD组统计值P
年龄[岁,M(P25, P75)]70.00(66.00, 75.00)69.00(65.00, 73.00)Z=-27.47<0.001
性别 [例(%)]χ2=2 013.16<0.001
27 725(47.90)12 662(33.28)
30 158(52.10)25 387(66.72)
居住地 [例(%)]χ2=50.59<0.001
城区20 172(34.85)12 414(32.63)
郊区37 711(65.15)25 635(67.37)
吸烟史 [例(%)]χ2=1 032.57<0.001
从不吸烟49 310(85.23)35 077(92.12)
戒烟1 205(2.08)394(1.03)
现在吸烟7 341(12.69)2 605(6.84)
饮食习惯 [例(%)]χ2=36.35<0.001
荤素均衡55 130(95.29)36 585(96.08)
荤食为主455(0.79)225(0.59)
素食为主2 271(3.93)1 266(3.33)
FPG[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]5.68(5.18, 6.40)5.90(5.35, 6.85)Z=-42.31<0.001
TG[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]1.22(0.90, 1.71)1.64(1.21, 2.27)Z=-90.08<0.001
TC[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]4.87(4.13, 5.58)5.08(4.36, 5.80)Z=-28.01<0.001
HDL-C[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]1.44(1.22, 1.74)1.30(1.10, 1.52)Z=-62.08<0.001
LDL-C[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]2.67(2.10, 3.22)2.82(2.27, 3.36)Z=-25.56<0.001
AST[U/L,M(P25, P75)]22.00(19.00, 27.00)22.00(18.40, 27.00)Z=-0.780.438
ALT[U/L,M(P25, P75)]17.10(13.00, 22.90)20.86(15.70, 29.00)Z=-64.12<0.001
Cr[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]73.00(62.13, 86.00)68.00(59.00, 80.00)Z=-35.46<0.001
TyG[M(P25, P75)]1.26(0.93, 1.65)1.62(1.27, 1.99)Z=-124.81<0.001
BMI[kg/m2M(P25, P75)]23.51(21.72, 25.46)26.00(24.12, 28.07)Z=-125.82<0.001
CVAI[M(P25, P75)]104.23(83.71, 124.34)130.54(111.63, 150.44)Z=-42.31<0.001
LAP[M(P25, P75)]25.56(25.96, 40.80)45.31(31.00, 66.96)Z=-128.46<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1240413544932495560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

NAFLD组与非NAFLD组一般特征比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征非NAFLD组NAFLD组统计值P
年龄[岁,M(P25, P75)]70.00(66.00, 75.00)69.00(65.00, 73.00)Z=-27.47<0.001
性别 [例(%)]χ2=2 013.16<0.001
27 725(47.90)12 662(33.28)
30 158(52.10)25 387(66.72)
居住地 [例(%)]χ2=50.59<0.001
城区20 172(34.85)12 414(32.63)
郊区37 711(65.15)25 635(67.37)
吸烟史 [例(%)]χ2=1 032.57<0.001
从不吸烟49 310(85.23)35 077(92.12)
戒烟1 205(2.08)394(1.03)
现在吸烟7 341(12.69)2 605(6.84)
饮食习惯 [例(%)]χ2=36.35<0.001
荤素均衡55 130(95.29)36 585(96.08)
荤食为主455(0.79)225(0.59)
素食为主2 271(3.93)1 266(3.33)
FPG[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]5.68(5.18, 6.40)5.90(5.35, 6.85)Z=-42.31<0.001
TG[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]1.22(0.90, 1.71)1.64(1.21, 2.27)Z=-90.08<0.001
TC[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]4.87(4.13, 5.58)5.08(4.36, 5.80)Z=-28.01<0.001
HDL-C[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]1.44(1.22, 1.74)1.30(1.10, 1.52)Z=-62.08<0.001
LDL-C[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]2.67(2.10, 3.22)2.82(2.27, 3.36)Z=-25.56<0.001
AST[U/L,M(P25, P75)]22.00(19.00, 27.00)22.00(18.40, 27.00)Z=-0.780.438
ALT[U/L,M(P25, P75)]17.10(13.00, 22.90)20.86(15.70, 29.00)Z=-64.12<0.001
Cr[mmol/L,M(P25, P75)]73.00(62.13, 86.00)68.00(59.00, 80.00)Z=-35.46<0.001
TyG[M(P25, P75)]1.26(0.93, 1.65)1.62(1.27, 1.99)Z=-124.81<0.001
BMI[kg/m2M(P25, P75)]23.51(21.72, 25.46)26.00(24.12, 28.07)Z=-125.82<0.001
CVAI[M(P25, P75)]104.23(83.71, 124.34)130.54(111.63, 150.44)Z=-42.31<0.001
LAP[M(P25, P75)]25.56(25.96, 40.80)45.31(31.00, 66.96)Z=-128.46<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1240413545033158867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of the association between TyG, BMI, CVAI, LAP and the risk of NAFLD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型因素亚组例数βS.E.Wald χ2POR(95% CI)
1TyG47 964----1.00
47 9681.090.016 282.11<0.0012.98(2.90~3.06)
BMI正常/偏低42 089----1.00
超重/肥胖53 8431.460.019 881.17<0.0014.31(4.19~4.44)
CVAI47 966----1.00
47 9661.480.0110 726.75<0.0014.37(4.25~4.50)
LAP47 978----1.00
47 9541.520.0111 266.67<0.0014.57(4.44~4.70)
2TyG47 964----1.00
47 9680.620.021 199.79<0.0011.86(1.80~1.93)
BMI正常/偏低42 089----1.00
超重/肥胖53 8431.300.026 907.14<0.0013.69(3.57~3.80)
CVAI47 966----1.00
47 9661.300.025 860.10<0.0013.66(3.54~3.79)
LAP47 978----1.00
47 9541.190.024 629.94<0.0013.28(3.17~3.39)
), ArticleFig(id=1240413545133822169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

TyG、BMI、CVAI及LAP与NAFLD风险的logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型因素亚组例数βS.E.Wald χ2POR(95% CI)
1TyG47 964----1.00
47 9681.090.016 282.11<0.0012.98(2.90~3.06)
BMI正常/偏低42 089----1.00
超重/肥胖53 8431.460.019 881.17<0.0014.31(4.19~4.44)
CVAI47 966----1.00
47 9661.480.0110 726.75<0.0014.37(4.25~4.50)
LAP47 978----1.00
47 9541.520.0111 266.67<0.0014.57(4.44~4.70)
2TyG47 964----1.00
47 9680.620.021 199.79<0.0011.86(1.80~1.93)
BMI正常/偏低42 089----1.00
超重/肥胖53 8431.300.026 907.14<0.0013.69(3.57~3.80)
CVAI47 966----1.00
47 9661.300.025 860.10<0.0013.66(3.54~3.79)
LAP47 978----1.00
47 9541.190.024 629.94<0.0013.28(3.17~3.39)
), ArticleFig(id=1240413545293205727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Interaction between TyG and obesity on NAFLD risk

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TyG分层肥胖指标肥胖指标分层总例数NAFLD例数OR(95% CI) aP
BMI正常/偏低25 5613 2211.00-
正常/偏低16 5285 7743.75(3.36~4.19)<0.001
超重/肥胖22 4039 7127.52(6.79~8.33)<0.001
超重/肥胖31 44019 34217.51(16.89~18.16)<0.001
相乘模型:OR值(95% CI)a=0.62(0.58~0.66),P<0.001
相加模型:RERI(95% CI)a=7.24(6.61~7.87),API(95% CI)a=0.41(0.39~0.44),SI(95% CI)a=1.78(1.70~1.87)
CVAI31 8635 5771.00-
16 1035 3912.48(2.24~2.74)<0.001
16 1017 3565.36(4.86~5.91)<0.001
31 86519 72510.04(9.64~10.45)<0.001
相乘模型:OR值(95% CI)a=0.76(0.71~0.80),P<0.001
相加模型:RERI(95% CI)a=3.20(2.81~3.59),API(95% CI)a=0.32(0.29~0.35),SI(95% CI)a=1.55(1.47~1.63)
LAP39 1798 1391.00-
8 7992 6202.01(1.79~2.27)<0.001
8 7854 7945.33(4.76~5.97)<0.001
39 16922 4967.40(7.10~7.72)<0.001
相乘模型:OR值(95% CI) a=0.69(0.64~0.74),P<0.001
相加模型:RERI(95% CI) a=1.06(0.74~1.38),API(95% CI)a=0.14(0.10~0.18),SI(95% CI) a=1.20(1.13~1.27)
), ArticleFig(id=1240413545431617767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

TyG与肥胖指标在NAFLD患病风险的交互作用

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TyG分层肥胖指标肥胖指标分层总例数NAFLD例数OR(95% CI) aP
BMI正常/偏低25 5613 2211.00-
正常/偏低16 5285 7743.75(3.36~4.19)<0.001
超重/肥胖22 4039 7127.52(6.79~8.33)<0.001
超重/肥胖31 44019 34217.51(16.89~18.16)<0.001
相乘模型:OR值(95% CI)a=0.62(0.58~0.66),P<0.001
相加模型:RERI(95% CI)a=7.24(6.61~7.87),API(95% CI)a=0.41(0.39~0.44),SI(95% CI)a=1.78(1.70~1.87)
CVAI31 8635 5771.00-
16 1035 3912.48(2.24~2.74)<0.001
16 1017 3565.36(4.86~5.91)<0.001
31 86519 72510.04(9.64~10.45)<0.001
相乘模型:OR值(95% CI)a=0.76(0.71~0.80),P<0.001
相加模型:RERI(95% CI)a=3.20(2.81~3.59),API(95% CI)a=0.32(0.29~0.35),SI(95% CI)a=1.55(1.47~1.63)
LAP39 1798 1391.00-
8 7992 6202.01(1.79~2.27)<0.001
8 7854 7945.33(4.76~5.97)<0.001
39 16922 4967.40(7.10~7.72)<0.001
相乘模型:OR值(95% CI) a=0.69(0.64~0.74),P<0.001
相加模型:RERI(95% CI) a=1.06(0.74~1.38),API(95% CI)a=0.14(0.10~0.18),SI(95% CI) a=1.20(1.13~1.27)
), ArticleFig(id=1240413545570029808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Diagnostic valueevaluation of the TyG and its combination with obesity indicators

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指标截断值灵敏度(%)特异度(%)约登指数AUC (95% CI)ZaPa
TyG1.360.690.580.270.680 (0.677~0.684)--
TyG+BMI-0.770.630.400.773 (0.770~0.776)-62.26<0.001
TyG+CVAI-0.700.670.370.751 (0.748~0.754)-51.86<0.001
TyG+LAP-0.710.640.350.738 (0.734~0.741)-65.40<0.001
TyG+BMI+CVAI+LAP-0.770.630.400.774 (0.771~0.777)-62.98<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1240413545695858935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240395013750846433, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

评估TyG单独及联合肥胖指标对NAFLD患病的诊断价值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标截断值灵敏度(%)特异度(%)约登指数AUC (95% CI)ZaPa
TyG1.360.690.580.270.680 (0.677~0.684)--
TyG+BMI-0.770.630.400.773 (0.770~0.776)-62.26<0.001
TyG+CVAI-0.700.670.370.751 (0.748~0.754)-51.86<0.001
TyG+LAP-0.710.640.350.738 (0.734~0.741)-65.40<0.001
TyG+BMI+CVAI+LAP-0.770.630.400.774 (0.771~0.777)-62.98<0.001
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甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与肥胖指标对老年人群非酒精性脂肪性肝病患病风险的交互作用
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程云凤 1 , 许慧清 2 , 胡彩红 1 , 刘蒙利 1 , 张璇 1 , 王志勇 1
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(14): 2676-2681
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现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025, 52(14): 2676-2681
甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与肥胖指标对老年人群非酒精性脂肪性肝病患病风险的交互作用
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程云凤1, 许慧清2, 胡彩红1, 刘蒙利1, 张璇1, 王志勇1
作者信息
  • 1.南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏 南京 210003
  • 2.南京医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 程云凤(1993—),女,本科,主管医师,研究方向:基本公共卫生服务项目老年人健康管理

通讯作者:

王志勇,E-mail:
Interaction between triglyceride-glucose index and obesity indicators on risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among the elderly
Yun-feng CHENG1, Hui-qing XU2, Cai-hong HU1, Meng-li LIU1, Xuan ZHANG1, Zhi-yong WANG1
Affiliations
  • Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China
出版时间: 2025-07-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502367
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目的

探索甘油三酯-葡萄糖(triglyceride-glucose, TyG)指数与肥胖指标对≥60岁老年人群非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)患病风险的影响,为NAFLD的早期预防提供依据。

方法

2022年采取分层随机整群抽样法选取南京95 932名体检老年人进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。采用logistic回归分析TyG与多项肥胖指标对NAFLD患病风险的影响,并分析TyG与各肥胖指标分别联合后对NAFLD的交互作用;采用受试者工作特征曲线评估TyG及其联合肥胖指标的诊断价值。

结果

本研究中NAFLD占39.66%。调整混杂因素后,logistic回归分析结果显示,随着TyG和肥胖指标BMI、中国人内脏脂肪指数和脂质蓄积指数的增加,NAFLD患病风险均上升,OR值分别为1.86(1.80~1.93)、3.69 (3.57~3.80)、3.66 (3.54~3.79)和3.28 (3.17~3.39)(均P<0.001)。交互作用结果显示,与TyG和肥胖指标均为低水平相比,其中之一或二者皆为高水平,NAFLD风险均增加,且二者存在协同作用。TyG联合各肥胖指标对NAFLD患病风险的诊断能力高于单一指标TyG。

结论

老年人群NAFLD患病风险随TyG和肥胖指标水平的升高而增加,且具有联合效应。TyG联合BMI可能是老年人群NAFLD早期筛查的简单且高效的工具。

非酒精性脂肪性肝病  /  老年人群  /  甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数  /  肥胖指标  /  交互作用
Objective

To explore the impact of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and obesity indicators on the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among participants aged ≥60 years, so as to provide evidence for the early prevention of NAFLD.

Methods

A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 95 932 elderly individuals in 2022 in Nanjing. These individuals underwent questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the effects of the TyG and multiple obesity indicators on the risk of NAFLD, followed by the interaction analysis between TyG and each obesity indicator. The diagnostic value of the TyG and its combination with obesity indicators was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

In the study, the prevalence of NAFLD was 39.66%. After adjusting for confounding factors, logistic regression analysis showed that as the increase of TyG and obesity indicators, including BMI, Chinese visceral adiposity index, and lipid accumulation product, the risk of NAFLD in the elderly increased, with odds ratios of 1.86 (1.80-1.93), 3.69 (3.57-3.80), 3.66 (3.54-3.79), and 3.28 (3.17-3.39), respectively (P<0.001). Interaction analysis revealed that compared to low levels of both the TyG and obesity indicator, one variable at a high level or both at high levels increased the risk of NAFLD, indicating a synergistic effect. The diagnostic ability of the TyG combined with obesity indicators for NAFLD risk was higher than that of the TyG alone.

Conclusion

The risk of NAFLD in individuals aged ≥60 years increases with higher levels of the TyG and obesity indicators, and they have a combined effect on NAFLD risk. TyG combined with BMI may be a simple and efficient tool for the early screening of NAFLD in elderly people.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease  /  Elderly  /  Triglyceride-glucose index  /  Obesity  /  Interaction
程云凤, 许慧清, 胡彩红, 刘蒙利, 张璇, 王志勇. 甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与肥胖指标对老年人群非酒精性脂肪性肝病患病风险的交互作用. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (14) : 2676 -2681 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502367
Yun-feng CHENG, Hui-qing XU, Cai-hong HU, Meng-li LIU, Xuan ZHANG, Zhi-yong WANG. Interaction between triglyceride-glucose index and obesity indicators on risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among the elderly[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (14) : 2676 -2681 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502367
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)是遗传易感个体由于营养过剩和胰岛素抵抗引起的一类慢性代谢应激性肝病,其患病率在全球范围内逐年增长,其中老年人群是NAFLD的高发人群[1-2]。NAFLD不仅会进一步发展为肝细胞癌,还与肥胖、高血压、糖尿病及心血管疾病等疾病密切相关[3]。然而,NAFLD的发病具有隐匿性,在疾病发展的早期往往容易被忽略,并且肝穿刺活检和影像学检查等诊断方法操作不够便捷、无法早期发现病例,应寻找一些简便的指标来筛查老年人群NAFLD的发生情况。研究显示,胰岛素抵抗和肥胖都是NAFLD发生与发展的独立危险因素[4]。胰岛素抵抗的存在会引起脂肪变性,增加肝脏对氧化应激的敏感性,最终导致肝脏炎症、纤维化和坏死[5]。因此,及时识别和干预胰岛素抵抗有助于NAFLD的预防。甘油三酯-葡萄糖(triglyceride- glucose, TyG)指数是评估胰岛素抵抗的可靠标志物[6],已广泛运用于各种疾病的诊断模型[7-8]。本研究旨在评估TyG指数与肥胖指标体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)、中国人内脏脂肪指数(Chinese visceral adiposity index, CVAI)和脂质蓄积指数(lipid accumulation product, LAP)对NAFLD风险的相互作用,确定更适合中国老年人群的NAFLD诊断因子,为NAFLD早期预防提供依据。
于2022年1—12月采取分层随机整群抽样方法,选择南京市玄武区、建邺区、栖霞区、六合区、高淳区和江北新区6个行政区参加健康体检的居民作为研究对象。纳入标准:(1)年龄≥60岁;(2)人体测量指标完善且行腹部超声检查;(3)既往史可追溯,现病史明确。排除标准:自我报告有饮酒史或过量饮酒(男性饮酒折合乙醇量≥140 g/周,女性≥70 g/周),或既往已诊断为病毒性肝炎及其他肝病。根据以上纳入标准和排除标准整理后,最终纳入95 932例符合标准的老年人。本研究数据信息来源于基本公共卫生服务项目的健康体检数据,已通过南京市疾病预防与控制中心伦理委员会审查(批准号:PJ2024-A019-01),所有参与者均知情同意并建立了个人健康档案。
本次调查内容严格遵循《国家基本公共卫生服务规范(第三版)》所规定的健康体检表。在体检登记时收集一般资料,包括年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻、既往史、吸烟史、饮食习惯等。由经过统一培训的医务人员使用经校准的自动身高仪统一测量调查对象的体质量(kg)和身高(m),其BMI=体质量(kg)/身高(m)2,BMI<24 kg/m2为偏低/正常,BMI≥24 kg/m2为超重/肥胖;并用腰围尺,经腋中线肋弓下缘和髂嵴连线中点水平绕腹1周测量腰围(cm)。
实验室检测采用全自动生化分析仪检测空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose, FPG)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)和肌酐(creatinine,Cr)水平。计算①TyG指数=ln[FPG(mmol/L)×TG(mmol/L)÷2]。②LAP(男性)=[腰围(cm)-65]×TG(mmol/L);LAP(女性)=[腰围(cm)-58]×TG(mmol/L)。③CVAI(男性)=-267.93+0.68×年龄(岁)+0.03×BMI(kg/m2)+4×腰围(cm)+22×log10TG(mmol/L)-16.32×HDL-C(mmol/L);CVAI(女性)=-187.32+1.71×年龄(岁)+4.23×BMI(kg/m2)+1.12×腰围(cm)+39.76×log10TG(mmol/L)-11.66×HDL-C(mmol/L)。
NAFLD诊断标准参照《非酒精性脂肪性肝病防治指南(2010年修订版)》,将肝脏影像学表现符合弥漫性脂肪肝的诊断标准且无其他原因可供解释的参与体检者确定为NAFLD患者。
使用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。呈正态分布的计量资料采用均数±标准差()表示,组间比较采用t检验;呈非正态分布的计量资料以M(P25,P75)表示,组间比较采用Wilcoxon 秩和检验;计数资料用例(%)描述,组间比较采用卡方检验。为避免数据的群体聚集性,采用二水平logistic回归模型,分析TyG(根据中位数分为2组,TyG≤1.40为低TyG组,>1.40为高TyG组)、BMI(根据中国成人超重和肥胖症诊断标准分为正常/偏低组和超重/肥胖组)、CVAI(根据中位数分为2组,CVAI≤32.87为低CVAI组,>32.87为高CVAI组)及LAP(根据中位数分为2组,LAP≤114.81为低LAP组,>114.81为高LAP组)对NAFLD患病风险的影响。分别采用相乘、相加模型,分析TyG和肥胖指标对NAFLD患病的交互作用。相乘交互作用模型放入二元logistic回归模型分析;相加交互作用的评价则采用Andersson等[9]编制的Excel计算表,其评价指标包括相对超额危险度比(relative excess risk due to interaction, RERI)、归因危险度(attributable proportion due to interaction, API)、交互作用指数(synergy index, SI);若存在相加交互作用,则RERI、API的95% CI不包括0,SI的95% CI不包括1[9]。最后,利用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic curve, ROC)曲线评估TyG及其联合肥胖指标对NAFLD风险的诊断效能。经过Bonferroni校正后,检验水准α=0.012 5 [0.05÷(4种暴露*1种结局)]。
本研究共纳入≥60岁老年人95 932例。其中男性40 387例(42.10%),女性55 545例(57.90%),年龄60~108岁,平均(70.40±6.53)岁,其中38 049例诊断为NAFLD,NAFLD患病率为39.66%。与非NAFLD组相比,NAFLD组患者的年龄、性别、居住地、吸烟史、饮食习惯以及TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT、Cr、FPG、TyG、BMI、CVAI和LAP水平差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。见表1
以是否患有NAFLD为因变量(否=0,是=1),将TyG、BMI、CVAI及LAP亚组(低TyG、BMI正常/偏低组、低CVAI及低LAP=0,高TyG、超重/肥胖组、高CVAI及高LAP=1)分别作为自变量进行logistic回归分析。模型1为单因素模型组,未调整混杂因素;模型2为多因素模型组,纳入了年龄、性别、居住地、吸烟史、饮食习惯、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT、Cr、FPG等潜在协变量进行校正分析。
模型1显示,较高TyG组的NAFLD患病风险是低TyG组的2.98倍(95% CI:2.90~3.06);较高CVAI组的NAFLD患病风险是低CVAI组的4.37倍(95% CI:4.25~4.50);较高LAP组的NAFLD患病风险是低LAP组的4.57倍(95% CI:4.44~4.70);超重/肥胖组发生NAFLD的风险是BMI正常/偏低组的4.31倍(95% CI:4.19~4.44)(均P<0.001)。模型2调整了上述提及的潜在协变量后,显示较高的TyG、CVAI和LAP以及超重/肥胖均会增加NAFLD的患病风险,OR值及其95% CI分别为1.86 (1.80~1.93)、3.66 (3.54~3.79)、3.28 (3.17~3.39)和3.69 (3.57~3.80)(均P<0.001)。见表2
进一步分析TyG与肥胖指标之间的交互作用对NAFLD患病风险的影响,见表3。结果显示,控制混杂因素后,以低TyG且BMI正常/偏低组为参照,高TyG和超重/肥胖同时存在时患NAFLD的风险是其17.51倍;以低TyG且低CVAI组为参照,高TyG和高CVAI同时存在时患NAFLD的风险是其10.04倍;同时存在高TyG与高LAP亦会增加患NAFLD的风险,OR值为7.40(均P<0.001)。
控制混杂因素后,相乘作用模型结果显示,高TyG和超重/肥胖、高TyG和高CVAI、以及高TyG和高LAP对NAFLD患病有相乘交互作用(均P<0.001)。相加作用模型结果显示,RERI、API均>0和SI>1,且有统计学意义,这表明TyG与BMI、TyG与CVAI、以及TyG与LAP之间对NAFLD患病均有协同的相加交互作用。具体来说,TyG与BMI之间的RERI为7.24,表示高TyG与超重/肥胖的交互作用比其单独作用之和大724%;API为0.41,表示在高TyG与超重/肥胖组中,41%的NAFLD病例是由于两者的交互效应造成的;SI值是1.78,即高TyG与超重/肥胖组的患病风险比二者独立风险总和大1.78倍。其他肥胖指标的相加交互作用评估也得出相似结果。
表4显示了TyG及其联合肥胖指标评估NAFLD患病的截断值、灵敏度、特异度、约登指数和曲线下面积(area under the curve, AUC)。可以看出,与TyG单一指标诊断NAFLD罹患风险的AUC相比,TyG+BMI、TyG+CVAI、TyG+LAP及TyG+BMI+CVAI+LAP诊断NAFLD的AUC更高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。并且,联合指标TyG+BMI+CVAI+LAP具有最大的AUC(AUC=0.774,95% CI=0.771~0.777),其次为TyG+BMI(AUC=0.773,95% CI=0.770~0.776)。
近年来,随着我国居民生活水平的不断提高及行为习惯、日常饮食结构的不断变化,NAFLD的患病人数及患病率日益上升,已成为我国第一大肝病病因。据相关调查数据显示,我国NAFLD的患病率近30%[10],且在老年人群中高发[2],严重增加社会经济负担。本研究基于南京市社区体检人群调查,结果显示≥60岁老年人NAFLD患病率为39.66%,低于武汉(44.43%)[11],但高于上海(24.59%)[12]、北京(25.58%)[13]和重庆(32.15%)[14],提示南京市≥60岁老年人NAFLD防控形势不容乐观,可能与不同国家、省市之间的经济发展水平、居民生活习惯和调查时间不同有关,应更加重视NAFLD的防治工作。
有相关研究表明,由TG和FPG共同构建的TyG指数在评估胰岛素抵抗状态方面具有较高的灵敏度和特异度[6],且因检测TG和FPG的操作简便,可对社区人群尤其是老年群体进行大规模筛查,因而能成为胰岛素抵抗的替代评价方法,用以反映与NAFLD之间的关系。研究表明,NAFLD与胰岛素抵抗密切相关。胰岛素抵抗的存在会促进脂肪变性、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎及肝纤维化的发生与发展[15]。因此,针对体检人群进行胰岛素抵抗状态的评估是 NAFLD的潜在防治策略。本研究在调整混杂因素后,logistic回归分析结果显示,高TyG水平是NAFLD患病的独立危险因素,这与卢蓉等[16]、康娟等[17]的研究结果一致。因此,临床上可以用TyG指数作为新兴的且具有良好评估效果的NAFLD的诊断指标。
此外,肥胖是NAFLD的另一独立危险因素。但有研究发现,NAFLD 也会发生在BMI正常的非肥胖个体中。BMI作为体脂含量的常用替代指标,但不能反映体脂分布。近期的研究表明,体脂分布而非体脂含量,可能在代谢性疾病的进展或全因死亡率中起更关键的作用[18-19]。 CVAI和LAP是近年来提出的两项衡量内脏脂肪的新指标,可作为对传统肥胖指标的补充,对疾病风险诊断评估具有重要意义。本研究调整混杂因素后,logistic回归分析结果显示,随着肥胖指标BMI、CVAI和LAP的增加,老年人群NAFLD患病风险上升,与Sheng等人的研究结果一致[20]。本研究交互作用分析发现,TyG指数与各肥胖指标对老年人群NAFLD患病的影响存在相乘和相加交互作用。相乘交互作用仅说明统计学上的交互;相加交互作用更具有公共卫生学意义,可以反映交互作用的实际生物学及临床意义[21]。因此,可以推测同时存在高TyG与超重/肥胖、同时存在高TyG与高CVAI和同时存在高TyG与高LAP均会增加患NAFLD的风险。邓西平等[22]和田英杰等[23]的研究也发现,高TyG和高肥胖指标存在协同交互作用。其机制可能是脂肪细胞产生的脂肪细胞因子会加重胰岛素抵抗以及过多的脂肪细胞会加重慢性炎症反应[24-25]
本研究使用ROC曲线评估TyG指数及其联合肥胖指标对NAFLD患病的诊断效能。结果显示,TyG指数联合肥胖指标在 NAFLD诊断过程中的表现好于单一指标TyG。值得注意的是,本研究中TyG+BMI与TyG+BMI+CVAI+LAP诊断NAFLD患病的效能相近,且由于TyG+BMI指标的获取更为简便,故TyG+BMI联合指标在老年人群NAFLD患病的诊断中更有应用价值。
本研究存在一定的局限性。首先,本研究属于横断面调查,只能说明TyG指数及肥胖指标与NAFLD之间的相关性,而不能建立因果关系。其次,本研究中NAFLD通过腹部超声诊断,相比于肝脏活检,可能存在漏诊等情况。最后,本研究中饮酒量基于自我报告,可能存在一定的选择偏倚。
综上所述,本研究首次从统计学角度探索了TyG指数与肥胖指标对南京市老年人群NAFLD患病风险的影响。结果支持了TyG与BMI在NAFLD患病风险方面具有相加交互作用,可作为简单且高效的指标为NAFLD的早期防控提供依据。
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502367
  • 接收时间:2025-02-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2025-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-26
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    1.南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏 南京 210003
    2.南京医科大学公共卫生学院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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