Article(id=1240375281203081656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312052, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1701619200000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773658112097, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1713974400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773658112097, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773658112097, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658112097, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240375270163673092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='8', pageStart='1345', pageEnd='1536', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773658109465, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658579758, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240377242795176417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240377242795176418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1499, endPage=1506, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240375283090518515, articleId=1240375281203081656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Willingness and influencing factors of using pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in China: a meta -analysis, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To systematically review the willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and related factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.

Methods

CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, CBM, EMbase, CINAHL, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception to August 16, 2023.

Results

A total of 31 articles with 31 390 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the awareness rate of PrEP was 46.70% (95% CI: 34.14-59.47), the willingness rate of PrEP use was 61.49% (95% CI: 51.58-70.95), and the use rate of PrEP was 3.41% (95% CI:0.07-10.62). Age≥40 years (OR=1.90, 95% CI:1.47-2.57), HIV testing history (OR=2.13, 95% CI:1.63-2.80), awareness of PrEP (OR=2.80, 95% CI:1.86-4.24), online sexual partner seeking (OR=1.44, 95% CI:1.04-2.00), no regular sexual partner (OR=1.69, 95% CI:1.32-2.17), oral sex/anal sex behavior (OR=1.86, 95% CI:1.32-2.61), number of homosexual anal sex partners in the past 6 months>5 (OR=1.86,95% CI:1.32-2.61), Having oral or anal sex in the past year (OR=1.40,95% CI:1.19-1.65) was the promoting factor of PrEP use, while uncertain sexual orientation (OR=0.60, 95% CI:0.41-0.89) and always using condom in the past 6 months (OR=0.47, 95% CI:0.29-0.75) were the barriers.

Conclusion

The rate of MSM PrEP awareness and willingness to use is high in China, but the rate of PrEP use is low; more factors influence the willingness to use PrEP.

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目的

系统评价我国男男性行为者(MSM)暴露前预防用药(PrEP)使用意愿及相关因素。

方法

计算机检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、EMbase、CINAHL、Pubmed、The Cochrane Library和Web of Science,检索时间均从建库至2023年8月16日。

结果

纳入31篇文献,样本量共计31 390例。meta分析结果显示,MSM PrEP知晓率为46.70%(95% CI:34.14~59.47)、PrEP使用意愿率为61.49 %(95% CI:51.58~70.95)、PrEP使用率为3.41%(95% CI:0.07~10.62)。年龄≥40岁(OR=1.90,95% CI:1.47~2.57)、有HIV检测史(OR=2.13,95% CI:1.63~2.80)、知晓PrEP(OR=2.80,95% CI:1.86~4.24)、线上寻求性伴(OR=1.44,95% CI:1.04~2.00)、无固定性伴(OR=1.69,95% CI:1.32~2.17)、有口交/肛交性行为(OR=1.86,95% CI:1.32~2.61)、近6个月同性肛交伴侣数>5(OR=1.55,95% CI:1.38~2.37)、近1年有无套口交/肛交(OR=1.40,95% CI:1.19~1.65)是MSM PrEP使用意愿的促进因素,性取向不确定(OR=0.60,95% CI:0.41~0.89)、近6个月总是使用安全套(OR=0.47,95% CI:0.29~0.75)是其障碍因素。

结论

我国MSM PrEP知晓率和使用意愿率较高,但PrEP使用率低;影响 PrEP使用意愿的因素较多。

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毛孝容,E-mail:
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邹小翠(1991—),女,硕士在读,主管护师,研究方向:传染病和慢病管理

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邹小翠(1991—),女,硕士在读,主管护师,研究方向:传染病和慢病管理

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Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2023, 38(7/8): 5824-5848., articleTitle=Intimate partner violence and willingness to use Pre-Exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in Chengdu, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748873526858287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=11, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=58, authorNames=Guan Y, Qi TK, Liao QB, journalName=AIDS Research and Therapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Guan Y, Qi TK, Liao QB, et al. Multi-dimensional mismatch and barriers for promoting PrEP among men who have sex with men in China: a cross sectional survey from the Demand-side[J]. 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AIDS and Behavior, 2023, 27(3): 823-831., articleTitle=Determinants of willingness to use PrEP among gay and bisexual men in China before implementation: a structural equation modeling assessment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748873677853233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=35, issue=9, pageStart=1386, pageEnd=1394, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=60, authorNames=Zhang Y, Shi LG, Fu GF, journalName=AIDS Care, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y, Shi LG, Fu GF, et al. Willingness to use and intention to adhere to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men inJiangsu Province, China[J]. 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Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2022, 25(3): e25883., articleTitle=Increasing awareness of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and willingness to use HIV PrEP among men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of global data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748873950482997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=34, issue=2, pageStart=135, pageEnd=145, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=64, authorNames=Kamitani E, Wichser ME, Mizuno Y, journalName=The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kamitani E, Wichser ME, Mizuno Y, et al. What factors are associated with willingness to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) amongU.S. men who have sex with men not on PrEP? A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2023, 34(2): 135-145., articleTitle=What factors are associated with willingness to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) amongU.S. men who have sex with men not on PrEP? A systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748874034369078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=2, issue=2, pageStart=42, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=65, authorNames=Klein H, Washington TA, journalName=Journal of AIDS and HIV Treatment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Klein H, Washington TA. Older versus younger men who have sex with men: awareness of and potential barriers to the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication to prevent the transmission of HIV[J]. Journal of AIDS and HIV Treatment, 2020, 2(2): 42-50., articleTitle=Older versus younger men who have sex with men: awareness of and potential barriers to the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication to prevent the transmission of HIV, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748874088895031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=12, issue=9, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=66, authorNames=Lim SH, Mburu G, Bourne A, journalName=PLOS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lim SH, Mburu G, Bourne A, et al. Willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men inMalaysia: Findings from an online survey[J]. PLOS One, 2017, 12(9): e0182838., articleTitle=Willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men inMalaysia: Findings from an online survey, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748874147615288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=657, pageEnd=663, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=67, authorNames=申幸福, 张薇, 张艺, journalName=疾病监测, refType=null, unstructuredReference=申幸福,张薇,张艺,等.2016-2022年湖北省男男性行为者性行为特征变化趋势及HIV感染相关因素分析[J].疾病监测202338(6):657-663., articleTitle=2016-2022年湖北省男男性行为者性行为特征变化趋势及HIV感染相关因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748874210529849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=657, pageEnd=663, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=68, authorNames=Shen XF, Zhang W, Zhang Y, journalName=Disease Surveillance, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen XF, Zhang W, Zhang Y, et al. Sexual behavior characteristics and factors associated with HIV infection in men who have sex with men inHubei, 2016-2022[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2023, 38(6): 657-663., articleTitle=Sexual behavior characteristics and factors associated with HIV infection in men who have sex with men inHubei, 2016-2022, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748874273444410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=6, issue=5, pageStart=250, pageEnd=260, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=69, authorNames=Wu YM, Xie L, Meng SY, journalName=LGBT Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu YM, Xie L, Meng SY, et al. Mapping potentialpre-exposure prophylaxis users onto a motivational cascade: identifying targets to prepare for implementation in China[J]. LGBT Health, 2019, 6(5): 250-260., articleTitle=Mapping potentialpre-exposure prophylaxis users onto a motivational cascade: identifying targets to prepare for implementation in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748874327970363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=17, issue=5, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=70, authorNames=Moyo PL, Nunu WN, journalName=American Journal of Men’s Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Moyo PL, Nunu WN. Oral Pre-Exposure prophylaxis accessibility, knowledge, barriers, and facilitators among men who have sex with men in bulawayo, Zimbabwe[J]. American Journal of Men’s Health, 2023, 17(5): 15579883231207481., articleTitle=Oral Pre-Exposure prophylaxis accessibility, knowledge, barriers, and facilitators among men who have sex with men in bulawayo, Zimbabwe, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240748868804071823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, awardId=SXJYB2309, language=CN, fundingSource=四川性社会学与性教育研究中心课题(SXJYB2309), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240748863196287012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748863208869925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, companyId=1240748863196287012, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of 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journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics and quality evaluation results of included studies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
纳入研究调查地区调查时间,年资料收集方式总样本量(例)
张燕等[9],2013a重庆、四川、广西2009.07—2010.03线下1 402
薛珲等[10],2015a-2013.11—2013.12线上760
张昭等[11],2015乌鲁木齐-线下379
韦所苏等[12],2016广西2014.09—2016.02线下295
谢棚印等[13],2017武汉2015.08—2015.11线下+线上301
石安霞等[14],2020合肥、成都、广州2018.06—2018.10线下622
王玉淼等[15],2021昆明2018.06—2018.11线下396
陈怀瑾等[16],2021长沙2019.11—2020.06线下295
郑亦慧等[17],2021上海2019.12—2020.06线下+线上606
陈鹏等[18],2022北京2020.12—2021.05线上288
李建卓等[19],2022济南2021.02—2021.05-400
郭佳欢等[20],2022北京、深圳、成都、济南、南京2021.03—2021.04线上5 870
郝连正等[21],2023山东2020.02—2020.12线下2 537
张祖样等[22],2023a云南14个城市2021.04—2021.06线下2 450
魏娜沙等[23],2023陕西2021.06—2021.12线上820
李昕等[24],2023南京2022.04—2022.05线下696
Zhou等[25],2012北京2009.08—2010.01线下152
Ding等[26],2016上海2012.10—2013.12线下1 033
Wang等[27],2018武汉、上海2015.05—2015.12线下487
Zheng等[28],2019广州-线上541
Han等[29],2019中国33个地区2017.01—2017.02线上4 581
Peng等[30],2019成都2018.11—2019.03线下524
Chen等[31],2021广州、深圳、无锡2017.01—2017.08线下550
Fu等[32],2021柳州市2017.11—2019.05线下829
Cui等[33],2021天津2018.08—2018.12线下495
Yu等[34],2021长沙2019.06—2019.08线上255
Zhou等[35],2022桂林2020.11—2021.04线上219
Guo等[36],2023成都2018.11—2019.05线上608
Guan等[37],2023中国34个城市2018.12—2019.01线上1 915
Cui等[38],2023上海、北京、长沙、广州、昆明2019.07—2019.09线下775
Zhang等[39],2023南京2019.12—2020.08线下309
纳入研究PrEP知晓率(%)PrEP使用意愿率(%)PrEP使用率(%)PrEP使用意愿影响因素文献质量评价
张燕等[9],2013a310/1 400891/1 40212/1 402①②③④⑤⑥⑦
薛珲等[10],2015a-243/758--
张昭等[11],2015-259/379--
韦所苏等[12],201658/295265/295--
谢棚印等[13],201752/301224/301-②⑧⑨
石安霞等[14],2020351/62266/62227/622
王玉淼等[15],2021253/396366/3967/253②⑥⑩
陈怀瑾等[16],2021160/29591/295--
郑亦慧等[17],2021532/606284/606-⑧⑫⑬
陈鹏等[18],2022176/288156/176-
李建卓等[19],2022-244/400-④⑭
郭佳欢等[20],20224 668/5 8704 543/4 668821/4 668①⑥⑨
郝连正等[21],2023-1 487/2 537-①④⑤⑫⑭
张祖样等[22],2023a1 677/2 4491 343/2 368-①⑩⑮⑮
魏娜沙等[23],2023665/820390/820-①③
李昕等[24],2023198/696537/696-①⑥⑮⑰⑱
Zhou等[25],201217/152103/152-
Ding等[26],2016-197/1 033-①⑪⑮⑰⑳
Wang等[27],2018-347/487--
Zheng等[28],2019-196/541--
Han等[29],20191 028/4 5813 465/4 581-⑥⑧⑬⑮
Peng等[30],2019276/524445/524-⑥⑦⑪⑲
Chen等[31],2021237/550362/550-⑥⑭
Fu等[32],2021-251/829-①⑫⑯⑱
Cui等[33],2021129/49539/129-①⑦⑭⑱⑲
Yu等[34],2021145/25539/2551/145①⑥⑩
Zhou等[35],202281/219144/2193/81②⑨⑱
Guo等[36],2023298/608500/608--
Guan等[37],2023-1 617/1 91523/1 915①⑬⑳
Cui等[38],2023-542/775--
Zhang等[39],2023-234/309-
), ArticleFig(id=1240748867981988184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳入文献的基本特征和质量评价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
纳入研究调查地区调查时间,年资料收集方式总样本量(例)
张燕等[9],2013a重庆、四川、广西2009.07—2010.03线下1 402
薛珲等[10],2015a-2013.11—2013.12线上760
张昭等[11],2015乌鲁木齐-线下379
韦所苏等[12],2016广西2014.09—2016.02线下295
谢棚印等[13],2017武汉2015.08—2015.11线下+线上301
石安霞等[14],2020合肥、成都、广州2018.06—2018.10线下622
王玉淼等[15],2021昆明2018.06—2018.11线下396
陈怀瑾等[16],2021长沙2019.11—2020.06线下295
郑亦慧等[17],2021上海2019.12—2020.06线下+线上606
陈鹏等[18],2022北京2020.12—2021.05线上288
李建卓等[19],2022济南2021.02—2021.05-400
郭佳欢等[20],2022北京、深圳、成都、济南、南京2021.03—2021.04线上5 870
郝连正等[21],2023山东2020.02—2020.12线下2 537
张祖样等[22],2023a云南14个城市2021.04—2021.06线下2 450
魏娜沙等[23],2023陕西2021.06—2021.12线上820
李昕等[24],2023南京2022.04—2022.05线下696
Zhou等[25],2012北京2009.08—2010.01线下152
Ding等[26],2016上海2012.10—2013.12线下1 033
Wang等[27],2018武汉、上海2015.05—2015.12线下487
Zheng等[28],2019广州-线上541
Han等[29],2019中国33个地区2017.01—2017.02线上4 581
Peng等[30],2019成都2018.11—2019.03线下524
Chen等[31],2021广州、深圳、无锡2017.01—2017.08线下550
Fu等[32],2021柳州市2017.11—2019.05线下829
Cui等[33],2021天津2018.08—2018.12线下495
Yu等[34],2021长沙2019.06—2019.08线上255
Zhou等[35],2022桂林2020.11—2021.04线上219
Guo等[36],2023成都2018.11—2019.05线上608
Guan等[37],2023中国34个城市2018.12—2019.01线上1 915
Cui等[38],2023上海、北京、长沙、广州、昆明2019.07—2019.09线下775
Zhang等[39],2023南京2019.12—2020.08线下309
纳入研究PrEP知晓率(%)PrEP使用意愿率(%)PrEP使用率(%)PrEP使用意愿影响因素文献质量评价
张燕等[9],2013a310/1 400891/1 40212/1 402①②③④⑤⑥⑦
薛珲等[10],2015a-243/758--
张昭等[11],2015-259/379--
韦所苏等[12],201658/295265/295--
谢棚印等[13],201752/301224/301-②⑧⑨
石安霞等[14],2020351/62266/62227/622
王玉淼等[15],2021253/396366/3967/253②⑥⑩
陈怀瑾等[16],2021160/29591/295--
郑亦慧等[17],2021532/606284/606-⑧⑫⑬
陈鹏等[18],2022176/288156/176-
李建卓等[19],2022-244/400-④⑭
郭佳欢等[20],20224 668/5 8704 543/4 668821/4 668①⑥⑨
郝连正等[21],2023-1 487/2 537-①④⑤⑫⑭
张祖样等[22],2023a1 677/2 4491 343/2 368-①⑩⑮⑮
魏娜沙等[23],2023665/820390/820-①③
李昕等[24],2023198/696537/696-①⑥⑮⑰⑱
Zhou等[25],201217/152103/152-
Ding等[26],2016-197/1 033-①⑪⑮⑰⑳
Wang等[27],2018-347/487--
Zheng等[28],2019-196/541--
Han等[29],20191 028/4 5813 465/4 581-⑥⑧⑬⑮
Peng等[30],2019276/524445/524-⑥⑦⑪⑲
Chen等[31],2021237/550362/550-⑥⑭
Fu等[32],2021-251/829-①⑫⑯⑱
Cui等[33],2021129/49539/129-①⑦⑭⑱⑲
Yu等[34],2021145/25539/2551/145①⑥⑩
Zhou等[35],202281/219144/2193/81②⑨⑱
Guo等[36],2023298/608500/608--
Guan等[37],2023-1 617/1 91523/1 915①⑬⑳
Cui等[38],2023-542/775--
Zhang等[39],2023-234/309-
), ArticleFig(id=1240748868074262881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Meta-analysis and Egger’s test results of MSM PrEP-related behaviors

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目文献数样本量(例)效应模型异质性检验结果meta分析结果Egger检验结果
I2(%)P率(%)95% CItP
PrEP知晓率2021 425随机99.69<0.0146.7034.14~59.47-0.840.41
PrEP使用意愿率3131 390随机99.68<0.0161.4951.58~70.95-2.140.04
PrEP使用率710 679随机99.33<0.013.410.07~10.62-1.450.21
), ArticleFig(id=1240748868191703394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

MSM PrEP相关行为meta 分析及Egger检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目文献数样本量(例)效应模型异质性检验结果meta分析结果Egger检验结果
I2(%)P率(%)95% CItP
PrEP知晓率2021 425随机99.69<0.0146.7034.14~59.47-0.840.41
PrEP使用意愿率3131 390随机99.68<0.0161.4951.58~70.95-2.140.04
PrEP使用率710 679随机99.33<0.013.410.07~10.62-1.450.21
), ArticleFig(id=1240748868275589483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Subgroup analysis results of MSM’s willingness rate to use PrEP

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目研究数样本量(例)异质性检验结果效应模型使用意愿率(95% CI,%)
I2(%)P
调查时间
2015年前53 72699.43<0.01随机49.67(28.09~71.32)
2015—2019年1312 33899.55<0.01随机61.45(47.27~74.71)
2019年后813 28099.78<0.01随机71.16(50.60~87.97)
地理分区
华北393598.37<0.01随机63.86(28.57~92.29)
华东65 58199.41<0.01随机56.43(38.15~73.85)
华南41 88499.31<0.01随机56.83(28.93~82.57)
华中395199.18<0.01随机39.28(9.00~75.18)
西北21 19998.00<0.01随机54.26(51.43~57.07)
西南43 97899.32<0.01随机80.40(60.86~94.31)
调查方式
线下1914 44599.35<0.01随机60.07(49.58~70.11)
线下+线上290799.90<0.01随机56.35(53.10~59.57)
线上915 63899.79<0.01随机64.61(45.32~81.71)
), ArticleFig(id=1240748868393030001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

MSM PrEP使用意愿率的亚组分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目研究数样本量(例)异质性检验结果效应模型使用意愿率(95% CI,%)
I2(%)P
调查时间
2015年前53 72699.43<0.01随机49.67(28.09~71.32)
2015—2019年1312 33899.55<0.01随机61.45(47.27~74.71)
2019年后813 28099.78<0.01随机71.16(50.60~87.97)
地理分区
华北393598.37<0.01随机63.86(28.57~92.29)
华东65 58199.41<0.01随机56.43(38.15~73.85)
华南41 88499.31<0.01随机56.83(28.93~82.57)
华中395199.18<0.01随机39.28(9.00~75.18)
西北21 19998.00<0.01随机54.26(51.43~57.07)
西南43 97899.32<0.01随机80.40(60.86~94.31)
调查方式
线下1914 44599.35<0.01随机60.07(49.58~70.11)
线下+线上290799.90<0.01随机56.35(53.10~59.57)
线上915 63899.79<0.01随机64.61(45.32~81.71)
), ArticleFig(id=1240748868506276219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Meta-analysis results on influencing factors of MSM’s willingness to use PrEP

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
相关因素比较组对照组研究数样本量(例)异质性检验结果效应模型meta分析结果
I2(%)POR值(95% CIP
年龄(岁)25~29<2525 27723.200.25固定1.10(0.82,1.49)0.52
30~39<2525 2770.000.63固定1.15(0.83,1.59)0.42
≥40<2548 76038.800.18固定1.90(1.47,2.57)<0.01
文化程度高中/中专初中及以下713 61364.800.01随机1.28(0.90,1.81)0.18
大专及以上初中及以下713 61387.30<0.01随机1.67(0.99,2.79)0.05
婚姻状况在婚/同居单身42 31875.90<0.01随机1.57(0.70,3.59)0.27
离异/丧偶单身261583.100.02随机2.38(0.84,6.71)0.82
家庭人均月收入(元)≥3 000<3 00022 2220.000.38固定1.00(0.74,1.37)0.98
民族汉族其他23 27996.40<0.01随机3.51(0.61,20.23)0.16
职业学生在职21 72977.700.03随机1.24(0.46,3.32)0.67
待业/无业在职21 72987.200.01随机0.74(0.21,2.63)0.64
吸毒史34 33959.800.08随机0.72(0.48,1.06)0.10
性病史23 93990.30<0.01随机0.99(0.38,2.60)0.98
HIV检测史42 2390.000.66固定2.13(1.63,2.80)<0.01
性取向双性恋同性恋35 48853.900.11随机0.79(0.52,1.20)0.27
不确定同性恋35 4880.000.50固定0.60(0.41,0.89)0.01
艾滋病知识了解情况32 42171.200.03随机1.20(0.89,1.63)0.23
PrEP知晓情况知晓不知晓814 27487.70<0.01随机2.80(1.86,4.24)<0.01
自我感知HIV感染风险33 10189.20<0.01随机4.05(0.28,58.68)0.31
性伴寻找方式线上线下43 98253.100.09随机1.44(1.04,2.00)0.03
性伴HIV感染状况阳性/不确定阴性36 39083.90<0.01随机1.04(0.17,6.18)0.97
固定伴侣32 16312.000.32固定1.69(1.32,2.17)<0.01
口交/肛交性行为33 9720.000.99固定1.86(1.32,2.61)<0.01
近6个月同性肛交伴侣数>5≤522 9480.000.38固定1.55(1.38,2.37)0.04
近6个月安全套使用频率总是从不/偶尔31 1710.000.38固定0.47(0.29,0.75)<0.01
近1年无套口交/肛交情况37 10230.900.24固定1.40(1.19,1.65)<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1240748868602745220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375281203081656, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

MSM PrEP使用意愿影响因素的meta 分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
相关因素比较组对照组研究数样本量(例)异质性检验结果效应模型meta分析结果
I2(%)POR值(95% CIP
年龄(岁)25~29<2525 27723.200.25固定1.10(0.82,1.49)0.52
30~39<2525 2770.000.63固定1.15(0.83,1.59)0.42
≥40<2548 76038.800.18固定1.90(1.47,2.57)<0.01
文化程度高中/中专初中及以下713 61364.800.01随机1.28(0.90,1.81)0.18
大专及以上初中及以下713 61387.30<0.01随机1.67(0.99,2.79)0.05
婚姻状况在婚/同居单身42 31875.90<0.01随机1.57(0.70,3.59)0.27
离异/丧偶单身261583.100.02随机2.38(0.84,6.71)0.82
家庭人均月收入(元)≥3 000<3 00022 2220.000.38固定1.00(0.74,1.37)0.98
民族汉族其他23 27996.40<0.01随机3.51(0.61,20.23)0.16
职业学生在职21 72977.700.03随机1.24(0.46,3.32)0.67
待业/无业在职21 72987.200.01随机0.74(0.21,2.63)0.64
吸毒史34 33959.800.08随机0.72(0.48,1.06)0.10
性病史23 93990.30<0.01随机0.99(0.38,2.60)0.98
HIV检测史42 2390.000.66固定2.13(1.63,2.80)<0.01
性取向双性恋同性恋35 48853.900.11随机0.79(0.52,1.20)0.27
不确定同性恋35 4880.000.50固定0.60(0.41,0.89)0.01
艾滋病知识了解情况32 42171.200.03随机1.20(0.89,1.63)0.23
PrEP知晓情况知晓不知晓814 27487.70<0.01随机2.80(1.86,4.24)<0.01
自我感知HIV感染风险33 10189.20<0.01随机4.05(0.28,58.68)0.31
性伴寻找方式线上线下43 98253.100.09随机1.44(1.04,2.00)0.03
性伴HIV感染状况阳性/不确定阴性36 39083.90<0.01随机1.04(0.17,6.18)0.97
固定伴侣32 16312.000.32固定1.69(1.32,2.17)<0.01
口交/肛交性行为33 9720.000.99固定1.86(1.32,2.61)<0.01
近6个月同性肛交伴侣数>5≤522 9480.000.38固定1.55(1.38,2.37)0.04
近6个月安全套使用频率总是从不/偶尔31 1710.000.38固定0.47(0.29,0.75)<0.01
近1年无套口交/肛交情况37 10230.900.24固定1.40(1.19,1.65)<0.01
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中国男男性行为者对HIV暴露前预防用药使用意愿及影响因素的meta分析
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邹小翠 1, 2 , 毛孝容 2, 3 , 李玥 2, 4 , 毛琴 2, 5 , 郑伟 2, 6 , 江庆华 7
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2024,51(8): 1499-1506
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现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2024, 51(8): 1499-1506
中国男男性行为者对HIV暴露前预防用药使用意愿及影响因素的meta分析
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邹小翠1, 2, 毛孝容2, 3 , 李玥2, 4, 毛琴2, 5, 郑伟2, 6, 江庆华7
作者信息
  • 1.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院) 肝胆外科,四川 成都 610072
  • 2.电子科技大学医学院
  • 3.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院)护理部
  • 4.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院) 特需医疗科
  • 5.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院) 儿科
  • 6.四川省肿瘤医院 消毒供应中心
  • 7.四川省肿瘤医院 护理部
  • 邹小翠(1991—),女,硕士在读,主管护师,研究方向:传染病和慢病管理

通讯作者:

毛孝容,E-mail:
Willingness and influencing factors of using pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in China: a meta -analysis
Xiao-cui ZOU1, 2, Xiao-rong MAO2, 3 , Yue LI2, 4, Qin MAO2, 5, Wei ZHENG2, 6, Qing-hua JIANG7
Affiliations
  • Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
出版时间: 2024-04-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312052
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目的

系统评价我国男男性行为者(MSM)暴露前预防用药(PrEP)使用意愿及相关因素。

方法

计算机检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、EMbase、CINAHL、Pubmed、The Cochrane Library和Web of Science,检索时间均从建库至2023年8月16日。

结果

纳入31篇文献,样本量共计31 390例。meta分析结果显示,MSM PrEP知晓率为46.70%(95% CI:34.14~59.47)、PrEP使用意愿率为61.49 %(95% CI:51.58~70.95)、PrEP使用率为3.41%(95% CI:0.07~10.62)。年龄≥40岁(OR=1.90,95% CI:1.47~2.57)、有HIV检测史(OR=2.13,95% CI:1.63~2.80)、知晓PrEP(OR=2.80,95% CI:1.86~4.24)、线上寻求性伴(OR=1.44,95% CI:1.04~2.00)、无固定性伴(OR=1.69,95% CI:1.32~2.17)、有口交/肛交性行为(OR=1.86,95% CI:1.32~2.61)、近6个月同性肛交伴侣数>5(OR=1.55,95% CI:1.38~2.37)、近1年有无套口交/肛交(OR=1.40,95% CI:1.19~1.65)是MSM PrEP使用意愿的促进因素,性取向不确定(OR=0.60,95% CI:0.41~0.89)、近6个月总是使用安全套(OR=0.47,95% CI:0.29~0.75)是其障碍因素。

结论

我国MSM PrEP知晓率和使用意愿率较高,但PrEP使用率低;影响 PrEP使用意愿的因素较多。

男男性行为者  /  暴露前预防用药  /  意愿  /  影响因素  /  meta分析
Objective

To systematically review the willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and related factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.

Methods

CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, CBM, EMbase, CINAHL, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception to August 16, 2023.

Results

A total of 31 articles with 31 390 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the awareness rate of PrEP was 46.70% (95% CI: 34.14-59.47), the willingness rate of PrEP use was 61.49% (95% CI: 51.58-70.95), and the use rate of PrEP was 3.41% (95% CI:0.07-10.62). Age≥40 years (OR=1.90, 95% CI:1.47-2.57), HIV testing history (OR=2.13, 95% CI:1.63-2.80), awareness of PrEP (OR=2.80, 95% CI:1.86-4.24), online sexual partner seeking (OR=1.44, 95% CI:1.04-2.00), no regular sexual partner (OR=1.69, 95% CI:1.32-2.17), oral sex/anal sex behavior (OR=1.86, 95% CI:1.32-2.61), number of homosexual anal sex partners in the past 6 months>5 (OR=1.86,95% CI:1.32-2.61), Having oral or anal sex in the past year (OR=1.40,95% CI:1.19-1.65) was the promoting factor of PrEP use, while uncertain sexual orientation (OR=0.60, 95% CI:0.41-0.89) and always using condom in the past 6 months (OR=0.47, 95% CI:0.29-0.75) were the barriers.

Conclusion

The rate of MSM PrEP awareness and willingness to use is high in China, but the rate of PrEP use is low; more factors influence the willingness to use PrEP.

Men who have sex with men  /  Pre-exposure prophylaxis  /  Willingness  /  Influence factors  /  Meta analysis
邹小翠, 毛孝容, 李玥, 毛琴, 郑伟, 江庆华. 中国男男性行为者对HIV暴露前预防用药使用意愿及影响因素的meta分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (8) : 1499 -1506 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312052
Xiao-cui ZOU, Xiao-rong MAO, Yue LI, Qin MAO, Wei ZHENG, Qing-hua JIANG. Willingness and influencing factors of using pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in China: a meta -analysis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (8) : 1499 -1506 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312052
男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)是感染艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)的高危人群,传播比例从2006年的2.5%上升至2022年的25.6%[1],防疫形式严峻。为推进2030年终结艾滋病(acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome,AIDS)流行的可持续发展目标,遏制HIV性传播途径的上升势头,国家卫生健康委等发布了《遏制艾滋病传播实施方案(2019—2022年)》,特别指出要开展针对MSM的暴露前预防工作,制定完善政策逐步推广[2]。暴露前预防(Pre-exposure Prophylaxis,PrEP)是通过服用抗反转录病毒药物(如替诺福韦、恩曲他滨)以预防HIV感染的一种新兴生物学预防方法[3]。自2015年世界卫生组织就建议对所有HIV高暴露风险人群开展PrEP,PrEP药物也在2020年获得我国药品监督管理局的批准[4]。虽然PrEP已被证明能够有效降低HIV高暴露风险人群感染HIV的可能,但因为成本、知识缺乏、HIV低风险感知和病耻感等原因,导致PrEP的推广效果并未达到预期效果[5-6]。一项荟萃分析结果显示,MSM PrEP使用意愿率为10.6%~99.0%[7]。近年来我国针对MSM PrEP使用意愿及影响因素的研究较多,但结果不一。因此,本研究旨在对国内MSM PrEP使用意愿率及相关因素进行meta分析,为促进PrEP在MSM中的推广提供依据。
以主题词和自由词相结合的方式,计算机系统检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、EMbase、CINAHL、Pubmed、The Cochrane Library和Web of Science。中文检索词为男男性行为者、男男同性性行为者、男男性接触者、男同性恋、暴露前预防、暴露前药物预防、意愿、接受、需求、态度;英文检索词为China、Chinese、sexual and gender minorities、men who have sex with men、homosexual men、male homosexuality、gay、MSM、pre-exposure prophylaxis、anti-retroviral chemoprophylaxis、chemoprevention、HIV prophylaxis、biomedical HIV prevention、willingness、attitude、acceptability、intention、needs。检索时限为建库至2023年8月16日,并进一步检索纳入文献的参考文献以作补充。
纳入标准:(1)研究对象:我国大陆MSM,其中MSM是指最近一年内与同性发生过性行为的男性,且自报HIV感染结果为阴性或不知晓HIV感染状况;(2)研究类型:横断面研究;(3)结局指标:PrEP知晓率、PrEP使用意愿率、PrEP使用率、多因素分析中PrEP使用意愿影响因素的OR值及95% CI,其中PrEP使用意愿是指在保证PrEP预防HIV感染上是安全有效的前提下是否愿意使用;PrEP使用意愿率是指在已知晓PrEP(包括曾知晓或既往不知晓但在调查前进行告知后知晓PrEP)的调查对象中会使用PrEP者(包括肯定会使用、可能会使用)所占比例;(4)中、英文文献。
排除标准:(1)二次文献、会议文献及重复发表文献等;(2)无法获得全文或有效数据的文献;(3)文献数据来源同一研究;(4)仅调查PrEP服药方式(包括每日服药、按需服药)其中一种使用意愿的相关研究。
两名研究者按照纳入排除标准独立完成文献检索及筛选,资料提取后交叉核对结果。如有分歧,交由第三方评判。资料提取的内容为第一作者、发表时间、调查地区、调查时间、资料收集方式、样本量、PrEP知晓率、PrEP使用意愿率、PrEP使用率、PrEP使用意愿影响因素。
两名研究者采用美国卫生保健质量和研究机构推荐的质量评价标准[8]独立完成文献质量评价,如有分歧,交由第三方评判。0~3分、4~7分、8~11分分别对应低、中、高质量文献。
使用Stata 16.0软件进行分析。采用I2值和Q检验进行异质性分析,当I2<50%且P>0.1时,说明无统计学异质性,则使用固定效应模型;反之,则选择随机效应模型进行分析。通过逐一剔除文献进行敏感性分析。发表偏倚采用Egger检验法。检验水准α=0.05。
初步检索到文献425篇,筛选后最终纳入文献31篇,包括16篇中文文献,15篇英文文献。见图1
最终纳入31篇文献,样本量共计31 390例。文献质量评价结果显示,有高质量文献14篇,中等质量文献17篇。见表1
结果显示,MSM PrEP知晓率为46.70%(95% CI:34.14~59.47)、PrEP使用意愿率为61.49 %(95% CI:51.58~70.95)、PrEP使用率为3.41%(95% CI:0.07~10.62)。见表2
亚组分析结果显示,调查时间≥2020年、地理分区为西南、通过线上收集资料的PrEP使用意愿率更高。见表3
将纳入文献数≥2篇的影响因素进行meta分析,最终共纳入20个因素,其中年龄≥40岁、有HIV检测史、知晓PrEP、线上寻求性伴、无固定性伴、有口交/肛交性行为、近6个月同性肛交伴侣数>5、近1年有无套口交/肛交是MSM PrEP使用意愿的促进因素,而性取向不确定、近6个月总是使用安全套是其障碍因素。见表4
将纳入的31篇文献采用逐一剔除的方法进行敏感性分析,结果显示,PrEP使用意愿率合并结果无明显变化,表明合并结果较稳定。见图2
对PrEP相关行为进行Egger检验,结果显示,PrEP知晓率和使用率不存在发表偏倚,PrEP使用意愿率可能存在发表偏倚(见表2)。采用剪补法对存在发表偏倚的PrEP使用意愿率进行矫正,剪补后合并效应量为58.00%(95% CI:48.30~67.60)。可见剪补后合并效应量的估计值变化较小,表明发表偏倚对合并的结果影响不大,结果较稳定,见图3
本研究结果显示,MSM PrEP的知晓率、使用意愿率和使用率分别为46.70%、61.49%、3.41%。巴西、墨西哥和秘鲁的MSM PrEP知晓率分别为68.82%、64.11%、46.60%,PrEP使用意愿率分别为64.45%、70.07%、57.56%,PrEP使用率分别为4.33%、3.03%、3.22%[40]。与上述国家相比,我国MSM PrEP的知晓率和使用意愿率较低,但PrEP的使用率差距较小。导致差异的原因可能是因为文化背景、经济状况和种族等不同[41]。亚组分析结果显示,2015年后MSM PrEP使用意愿率呈上升趋势,与既往研究[42]结果类似。表明AIDS防治宣传工作取得进展,MSM愿意接受PrEP。西南地区以及通过线上调查方式的PrEP使用意愿率更高。可能是西南部分地区AIDS疫情较严重[1],对PrEP的宣传和推广力度更大,所以MSM PrEP知晓水平较高。而PrEP使用意愿和其知晓水平直接相关[20]。通过线上调查的方式可能存在选择偏倚,因为对该话题有兴趣的MSM更可能参与问卷调查,导致线上和线下的调查结果有所差异。因此,在以后宣传工作中要重视范围的广度和内容的深度,加强宣传服务的针对性和质量,有必要进一步探究影响PrEP知晓和使用的因素,促使MSM知信行统一。
研究发现,年龄较大的MSM更倾向选择PrEP。但既往研究[40, 43]结果显示,年龄较小的MSM更愿意使用PrEP。Klein等[44]发现,年龄较大的MSM更了解PrEP,更可能结识到其他PrEP使用者,感受到的PrEP相关耻辱和使用障碍更少,而年龄较小的MSM更有兴趣通过多种途径(如朋友、医生、网站)了解更多的PrEP信息。故有待未来进一步验证。有HIV检测史和知晓PrEP的MSM 更可能有PrEP使用愿意,与既往研究[42, 45]结果一致。可能是因为接受过HIV检测的MSM得到医护人员更多新型HIV防护措施的普及,通过对PrEP的深入了解,有利于对其益处和安全性的认识,提高MSM选择PrEP的意愿。线上寻求性伴、无固定性伴、有口交/肛交性行为、近6个月同性肛交伴侣数>5、近1年有无套口交/肛交的MSM更愿意使用PrEP。研究[42-43]发现,有高危性行为的MSM更愿意采用PrEP。可能是因为针对具有高危性行为的MSM的宣传教育力度较大,加之高危性行为的发生增加了感染HIV的风险[46],从而增加其PrEP使用意愿。性取向不确定和近6个月总是使用安全套的MSM使用PrEP的意愿较低。究其原因可能是因为患者没有意识到自己是感染HIV的高风险人群,认为使用安全套能有效预防HIV,不用再考虑使用PrEP[47]。此外,因无法获取PrEP药物,担心药物的副作用,以及PrEP相关耻辱感等[41, 48],进一步阻碍MSM考虑使用PrEP。因此,有必要创新宣传和实施途径,强化对PrEP安全性和有效性的宣传,强调生物医学与行为预防并重,提高MSM对PrEP的认识水平,提升PrEP药物的可及性,同时也需注意营造开放、包容、友好的就医环境,制定具有文化响应的干预策略。
本研究的局限性:(1)合并异质性较大且亚组分析仍存在显著的异质性,影响研究结果;(2)均为横断面研究,各影响因素合并文献数较少,且有部分因素(如饮酒、群交、社会支持等)因文献数少未纳入分析,需未来开展更多的调查研究。
  • 四川性社会学与性教育研究中心课题(SXJYB2309)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312052
  • 接收时间:2023-12-04
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2024-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-04
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四川性社会学与性教育研究中心课题(SXJYB2309)
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    1.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院) 肝胆外科,四川 成都 610072
    2.电子科技大学医学院
    3.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院)护理部
    4.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院) 特需医疗科
    5.四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院(电子科技大学附属医院) 儿科
    6.四川省肿瘤医院 消毒供应中心
    7.四川省肿瘤医院 护理部

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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