Article(id=1240375279915422451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312270, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1702828800000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773658111790, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1713974400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773658111790, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773658111790, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658111790, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240375270163673092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='8', pageStart='1345', pageEnd='1536', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773658109465, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658579758, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240377242795176417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240377242795176418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1435, endPage=1440, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240375280322269972, articleId=1240375279915422451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Satisfaction and its influencing factors of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To understand the satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services and its influencing factors, and to provide evidence for further improving the contract services of family doctors for diabetic patients.

Methods

From August to September 2019, a total of 514 diabetic patients who had been contracted by their family doctors were investigated using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method in three cities of Shandong province. Descriptive analysis, chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis were used to study the degree of satisfaction with contracted services and its influencing factors.

Results

71.8% diabetic patients were satisfied with family doctor contract services. Age (χ2=7.025, P=0.030), familiarity with family doctor (χ2=13.227, P<0.001), change of life habit (χ2=15.217, P<0.001), change of medical cost (χ2=4.904, P=0.027), changes in convenience of medical treatment (χ2=16.578, P<0.001), change of waiting time (χ2=9.155, P=0.002), and other factors will affect the satisfaction of diabetes patients with the services signed by family doctors.Multivariate logistic regression results showed that diabetes patients with higher annual family income (OR=2.321, 95% CI: 1.298-4.148), knew their family doctor’s name (OR=1.804, 95% CI:1.041-3.126), believed that their living habits improved after signing the contract (OR=1.903, 95% CI: 1.081-3.350), and had more convenient medical consultation (OR=1.741, 95% CI: 1.037-2.920) were more satisfied with the service of signing the contract.

Conclusion

The overall satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services in Shandong province is relatively high, but there is still room for further improvement. It is suggested that measures should be taken to optimize the contracting services for low-income and elderly diabetic patients, and the contact between family doctors and patients should be further strengthened. Emphasis should be placed on guiding patients to form healthy behaviour, and improving the convenience of healthcare in order to improve patients’ satisfaction.

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目的

了解糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度及其影响因素,为进一步完善糖尿病患者家庭医生签约服务提供依据。

方法

2019年8—9月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法对山东省三个地市的糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,最终纳入514例已签约家庭医生服务的糖尿病患者为研究对象。采用描述性分析、χ2检验、logistic回归分析研究糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务满意度及其影响因素。

结果

糖尿病患者的家庭医生签约服务满意度为71.8%。年龄(χ2=7.025,P=0.030)、对家庭医生的熟悉程度(χ2=13.227,P<0.001)、签约后个人生活习惯变化(χ2=15.217,P<0.001)、诊疗费用变化(χ2=4.904,P=0.027)、就诊便利性变化(χ2=16.578,P<0.001)、候诊时间变化(χ2=9.155,P=0.002)等因素会影响糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度。多因素logistic回归结果显示,家庭年收入较高(OR=2.321,95% CI:1.298~4.148)、知道家庭医生姓名(OR=1.804,95% CI:1.041~3.126)、认为签约后个人生活习惯改善(OR=1.903,95% CI:1.081~3.350)、就诊更便利(OR=1.741,95% CI:1.037~2.920)的糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务更满意。

结论

山东省糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的总体满意度较高。建议重点针对低收入、老年糖尿病患者采取措施优化签约服务,并进一步加强家庭医生与患者之间的联系,重点引导患者形成健康的生活习惯,改善就诊便利性。

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宋奎勐,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=NYkzIigwt7uxnhhqZLmz3g==, magXml=bD+3Q8jNdjN1+HRDAoWsKw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=9g5ZLIrY/Jg7yKJT83nvPw==, pdfFileSize=631408, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=iI2cBWoP617Z4ciRO1xWIA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘丹丹(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:慢性病管理

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刘丹丹(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:慢性病管理

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[2024-03-25]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jws/s3578/202308/598f36596f5a4fe0878e881bc30b7765.shtml., articleTitle=Policy interpretation of the measures for grassroots health and convenience services for the people, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240748858087633752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, awardId=71503150, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(71503150), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240748854799299083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748854807687692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, companyId=1240748854799299083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Health Care Security, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748854811881997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, companyId=1240748854799299083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)医疗保障学院,山东 济南 250117)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240748854887379473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748854899962388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, companyId=1240748854887379473, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.青岛市市立医院院长办公室)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240748855000625695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748855009014301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, companyId=1240748855000625695, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院卫生管理与政策研究中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240748857299104526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic information of survey subjects

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组人数百分数
(%)
居住地农村21842.5
城市29557.5
性别17133.3
34366.7
年龄(岁)≤6018536.1
>60~7023846.5
>708917.4
受教育程度小学及以下26050.7
初中16131.4
高中及以上9217.9
医疗保险类型职工医保10221.2
居民医保38078.8
家庭年收入(元)<10 00017037.0
10 000~<60 00018139.5
≥60 00010823.5
患病时长(年)≤520239.4
6~913726.7
≥1017433.9
患有其他慢性病16532.5
34367.5
家庭医生姓名不知道9718.9
知道41581.1
签约年限(年)<230962.8
≥218337.2
个人生活习惯变化无变化28856.0
改善22644.0
诊疗费用变化无变化33465.0
降低18035.0
就诊便利性变化无变化16231.5
便利35268.5
候诊时间变化无变化38174.1
减少13325.9
签约服务满意度不满意14528.2
满意36971.8
), ArticleFig(id=1240748857416545050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

调查对象基本信息(n=514)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组人数百分数
(%)
居住地农村21842.5
城市29557.5
性别17133.3
34366.7
年龄(岁)≤6018536.1
>60~7023846.5
>708917.4
受教育程度小学及以下26050.7
初中16131.4
高中及以上9217.9
医疗保险类型职工医保10221.2
居民医保38078.8
家庭年收入(元)<10 00017037.0
10 000~<60 00018139.5
≥60 00010823.5
患病时长(年)≤520239.4
6~913726.7
≥1017433.9
患有其他慢性病16532.5
34367.5
家庭医生姓名不知道9718.9
知道41581.1
签约年限(年)<230962.8
≥218337.2
个人生活习惯变化无变化28856.0
改善22644.0
诊疗费用变化无变化33465.0
降低18035.0
就诊便利性变化无变化16231.5
便利35268.5
候诊时间变化无变化38174.1
减少13325.9
签约服务满意度不满意14528.2
满意36971.8
), ArticleFig(id=1240748857517208357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of satisfaction of diabetes patients with different characteristics to the contracted services of family doctors

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组不满意满意χ2P
居住地农村61(28.0)157(72.0)0.0150.902
城市84(28.5)211(71.5)
性别51(29.8)120(70.2)0.3300.566
94(27.4)249(72.6)
年龄(岁)≤6045(24.3)140(75.7)7.0250.030
>60~7064(26.9)174(73.1)
>7035(39.3)54(60.7)
受教育程度小学及以下73(28.1)187(71.9)5.6630.059
初中37(23.0)124(77.0)
高中及以上34(37.0)58(63.0)
医疗保险类型职工医保34(33.3)68(66.7)1.8190.177
居民医保101(26.6)279(73.4)
家庭年收入(元)<10 00058(34.1)112(65.9)5.2440.073
10 000~<60 00042(23.2)139(76.8)
≥60 00033(30.6)75(69.4)
患病时长(年)≤560(29.7)142(70.3)0.6980.706
6~939(28.5)98(71.5)
≥1045(25.9)129(74.1)
是否患有其他慢性病47(28.5)118(71.5)0.0340.853
95(27.7)248(72.3)
家庭医生姓名不知道42(43.3)55(56.7)13.227<0.001
知道103(24.8)312(75.2)
签约年限(年)<289(28.8)220(71.2)0.3790.538
≥248(26.2)135(73.8)
个人生活习惯变化无变化101(35.1)187(64.9)15.217<0.001
改善44(19.5)182(80.5)
诊疗费用变化无变化105(31.4)229(68.6)4.9040.027
降低40(22.2)140(77.8)
就诊便利性变化无变化65(40.1)97(59.9)16.578<0.001
便利80(22.7)272(77.3)
候诊时间变化无变化121(31.8)260(68.2)9.1550.002
减少24(18.0)109(82.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1240748857626260277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同特征糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度比较[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分组不满意满意χ2P
居住地农村61(28.0)157(72.0)0.0150.902
城市84(28.5)211(71.5)
性别51(29.8)120(70.2)0.3300.566
94(27.4)249(72.6)
年龄(岁)≤6045(24.3)140(75.7)7.0250.030
>60~7064(26.9)174(73.1)
>7035(39.3)54(60.7)
受教育程度小学及以下73(28.1)187(71.9)5.6630.059
初中37(23.0)124(77.0)
高中及以上34(37.0)58(63.0)
医疗保险类型职工医保34(33.3)68(66.7)1.8190.177
居民医保101(26.6)279(73.4)
家庭年收入(元)<10 00058(34.1)112(65.9)5.2440.073
10 000~<60 00042(23.2)139(76.8)
≥60 00033(30.6)75(69.4)
患病时长(年)≤560(29.7)142(70.3)0.6980.706
6~939(28.5)98(71.5)
≥1045(25.9)129(74.1)
是否患有其他慢性病47(28.5)118(71.5)0.0340.853
95(27.7)248(72.3)
家庭医生姓名不知道42(43.3)55(56.7)13.227<0.001
知道103(24.8)312(75.2)
签约年限(年)<289(28.8)220(71.2)0.3790.538
≥248(26.2)135(73.8)
个人生活习惯变化无变化101(35.1)187(64.9)15.217<0.001
改善44(19.5)182(80.5)
诊疗费用变化无变化105(31.4)229(68.6)4.9040.027
降低40(22.2)140(77.8)
就诊便利性变化无变化65(40.1)97(59.9)16.578<0.001
便利80(22.7)272(77.3)
候诊时间变化无变化121(31.8)260(68.2)9.1550.002
减少24(18.0)109(82.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1240748857739506492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Logistic regression analysis results of diabetes patients’ satisfaction with family doctor’s contracted services

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量BSEWald χ2POR值(95% CI
居住地(以农村为参照)
城市-0.2210.3010.5370.4640.802(0.444~1.447)
性别(以男为参照)
-0.0700.2700.0670.7950.932(0.550~1.582)
年龄(岁,以≤60为参照)
>60~70-0.2550.2830.8100.3680.775(0.445~1.350)
>70-0.6370.3623.1020.0780.529(0.260~1.074)
受教育程度(以小学及以下为参照)
初中0.2470.3120.6250.4291.280(0.694~2.360)
高中及以上-0.5940.3532.8300.0930.552(0.276~1.103)
医疗保险类型(以职工医保为参照)
居民医保0.3740.3241.3340.2481.453(0.771~2.740)
家庭年收入(元,以<10 000为参照)
10 000~<60 0000.8420.2968.0660.0052.321(1.298~4.148)
≥60 0000.4370.3631.4450.2291.548(0.759~3.155)
患病时长(年,≤5为参照)
6~90.0500.3000.0280.8681.051(0.584~1.892)
≥100.3440.3001.3150.2521.410(0.784~2.537)
患有其他慢性病(以无为参照)
0.4990.2703.4110.0651.646(0.970~2.794)
家庭医生姓名(以不知道为参照)
知道0.5900.2814.4160.0361.804(1.041~3.126)
签约年限(年,以<2为参照)
≥2-0.0920.2570.1290.7200.912(0.551~1.509)
个人生活习惯变化(以无变化为参照)
改善0.6430.2884.9750.0261.903(1.081~3.350)
诊疗费用变化(以无变化为参照)
降低0.3330.2861.3560.2441.395(0.797~2.442)
就诊便利性变化(以无变化为参照)
便利0.5540.2644.4080.0361.741(1.037~2.920)
候诊时间变化(以无变化为参照)
减少0.0920.3470.0690.7921.096(0.555~2.165)
), ArticleFig(id=1240748857835975491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375279915422451, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度的logistic回归分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量BSEWald χ2POR值(95% CI
居住地(以农村为参照)
城市-0.2210.3010.5370.4640.802(0.444~1.447)
性别(以男为参照)
-0.0700.2700.0670.7950.932(0.550~1.582)
年龄(岁,以≤60为参照)
>60~70-0.2550.2830.8100.3680.775(0.445~1.350)
>70-0.6370.3623.1020.0780.529(0.260~1.074)
受教育程度(以小学及以下为参照)
初中0.2470.3120.6250.4291.280(0.694~2.360)
高中及以上-0.5940.3532.8300.0930.552(0.276~1.103)
医疗保险类型(以职工医保为参照)
居民医保0.3740.3241.3340.2481.453(0.771~2.740)
家庭年收入(元,以<10 000为参照)
10 000~<60 0000.8420.2968.0660.0052.321(1.298~4.148)
≥60 0000.4370.3631.4450.2291.548(0.759~3.155)
患病时长(年,≤5为参照)
6~90.0500.3000.0280.8681.051(0.584~1.892)
≥100.3440.3001.3150.2521.410(0.784~2.537)
患有其他慢性病(以无为参照)
0.4990.2703.4110.0651.646(0.970~2.794)
家庭医生姓名(以不知道为参照)
知道0.5900.2814.4160.0361.804(1.041~3.126)
签约年限(年,以<2为参照)
≥2-0.0920.2570.1290.7200.912(0.551~1.509)
个人生活习惯变化(以无变化为参照)
改善0.6430.2884.9750.0261.903(1.081~3.350)
诊疗费用变化(以无变化为参照)
降低0.3330.2861.3560.2441.395(0.797~2.442)
就诊便利性变化(以无变化为参照)
便利0.5540.2644.4080.0361.741(1.037~2.920)
候诊时间变化(以无变化为参照)
减少0.0920.3470.0690.7921.096(0.555~2.165)
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糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度及其影响因素分析
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刘丹丹 1 , 秦敬柱 2 , 王海鹏 3 , 宋奎勐 1
现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2024,51(8): 1435-1440
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现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2024, 51(8): 1435-1440
糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度及其影响因素分析
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刘丹丹1, 秦敬柱2, 王海鹏3, 宋奎勐1
作者信息
  • 1.山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)医疗保障学院,山东 济南 250117
  • 2.青岛市市立医院院长办公室
  • 3.山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院卫生管理与政策研究中心
  • 刘丹丹(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:慢性病管理

通讯作者:

宋奎勐,E-mail:
Satisfaction and its influencing factors of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services
Dan-dan LIU1, Jing-zhu QIN2, Hai-peng WANG3, Kui-meng SONG1
Affiliations
  • School of Health Care Security, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
出版时间: 2024-04-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312270
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目的

了解糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度及其影响因素,为进一步完善糖尿病患者家庭医生签约服务提供依据。

方法

2019年8—9月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法对山东省三个地市的糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,最终纳入514例已签约家庭医生服务的糖尿病患者为研究对象。采用描述性分析、χ2检验、logistic回归分析研究糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务满意度及其影响因素。

结果

糖尿病患者的家庭医生签约服务满意度为71.8%。年龄(χ2=7.025,P=0.030)、对家庭医生的熟悉程度(χ2=13.227,P<0.001)、签约后个人生活习惯变化(χ2=15.217,P<0.001)、诊疗费用变化(χ2=4.904,P=0.027)、就诊便利性变化(χ2=16.578,P<0.001)、候诊时间变化(χ2=9.155,P=0.002)等因素会影响糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度。多因素logistic回归结果显示,家庭年收入较高(OR=2.321,95% CI:1.298~4.148)、知道家庭医生姓名(OR=1.804,95% CI:1.041~3.126)、认为签约后个人生活习惯改善(OR=1.903,95% CI:1.081~3.350)、就诊更便利(OR=1.741,95% CI:1.037~2.920)的糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务更满意。

结论

山东省糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的总体满意度较高。建议重点针对低收入、老年糖尿病患者采取措施优化签约服务,并进一步加强家庭医生与患者之间的联系,重点引导患者形成健康的生活习惯,改善就诊便利性。

家庭医生签约服务  /  糖尿病患者  /  满意度  /  影响因素
Objective

To understand the satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services and its influencing factors, and to provide evidence for further improving the contract services of family doctors for diabetic patients.

Methods

From August to September 2019, a total of 514 diabetic patients who had been contracted by their family doctors were investigated using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method in three cities of Shandong province. Descriptive analysis, chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis were used to study the degree of satisfaction with contracted services and its influencing factors.

Results

71.8% diabetic patients were satisfied with family doctor contract services. Age (χ2=7.025, P=0.030), familiarity with family doctor (χ2=13.227, P<0.001), change of life habit (χ2=15.217, P<0.001), change of medical cost (χ2=4.904, P=0.027), changes in convenience of medical treatment (χ2=16.578, P<0.001), change of waiting time (χ2=9.155, P=0.002), and other factors will affect the satisfaction of diabetes patients with the services signed by family doctors.Multivariate logistic regression results showed that diabetes patients with higher annual family income (OR=2.321, 95% CI: 1.298-4.148), knew their family doctor’s name (OR=1.804, 95% CI:1.041-3.126), believed that their living habits improved after signing the contract (OR=1.903, 95% CI: 1.081-3.350), and had more convenient medical consultation (OR=1.741, 95% CI: 1.037-2.920) were more satisfied with the service of signing the contract.

Conclusion

The overall satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services in Shandong province is relatively high, but there is still room for further improvement. It is suggested that measures should be taken to optimize the contracting services for low-income and elderly diabetic patients, and the contact between family doctors and patients should be further strengthened. Emphasis should be placed on guiding patients to form healthy behaviour, and improving the convenience of healthcare in order to improve patients’ satisfaction.

Family doctor contract services  /  Diabetic patients  /  Satisfaction  /  Influencing factors
刘丹丹, 秦敬柱, 王海鹏, 宋奎勐. 糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度及其影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (8) : 1435 -1440 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312270
Dan-dan LIU, Jing-zhu QIN, Hai-peng WANG, Kui-meng SONG. Satisfaction and its influencing factors of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (8) : 1435 -1440 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312270
家庭医生签约服务模式通过建立家庭医生和社区居民之间的契约关系,可推动基层首诊和分级诊疗的实现,对提高卫生资源配置效率、改善全民健康水平、降低医疗卫生费用等均具有显著作用[1]。我国是糖尿病患者数量最多的国家,2021年中国成年(20~79岁)糖尿病患者总数达到1.41亿,预计2030年将达到1.64亿[2]。糖尿病病程长、恢复慢等特点决定了大部分患者需要长期居家或社区医疗和照护[3]。以基层医疗机构为主体的家庭医生签约服务模式成为糖尿病防控的新方向。提高糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度,进而完善对糖尿病患者持续性、专业化的社区管理,对于糖尿病患者病情的控制以及生命质量的改善具有重要意义[3-4]。近年来,关于家庭医生签约服务的相关研究主要集中在对家庭医生服务体系的意义和难点的探讨[5-6],以及从不同角度对家庭医生签约服务政策的效果分析,包括服务质量角度[7]、慢病管理角度[8]、医疗费用角度[9]等。关于满意度的研究,更多的是关注家庭医生对自身职业的满意度[10],从患者角度探讨家庭医生签约服务满意度的研究较少,尤其缺乏针对糖尿病等慢性病患者的相关研究。提高患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度是家庭医生签约服务制度有效实施的基础,因此,本研究旨在研究糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度及其影响因素,为进一步完善针对糖尿病患者的家庭医生签约服务提供依据。
本研究实地调查开展于2019年8—9月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,根据地理位置与经济发展水平,在山东省东中西部地区各选择1个地市。在每一个地市随机抽取1个城市区和1个农村县,在每一个区/县分别抽取3个街道/乡镇,在每一个街道/乡镇抽取3个社区/村,共有27个社区和27个村被确定为样本地区。在每个样本地区随机调查30名糖尿病患者,本研究以其中签约家庭医生服务的糖尿病患者作为研究对象,在排除无效问卷后,最终纳入514名糖尿病患者。本研究已通过山东大学医药卫生管理学院伦理委员会支持(审查批准号:ECSHCMSDU20170401),在正式调查前,调查员告知被调查者本次调查的目的、主要内容及保密性声明,在被调查者签署知情同意书后,由调查员逐一开展面对面调查。
采用自制问卷进行调查,问卷的主要内容包括:糖尿病患者的个人基本情况、患病情况、签约情况、满意度等方面的内容。(1)糖尿病患者的个人基本特征主要包括居住地、性别、年龄、受教育程度、医疗保险类型、家庭年收入。(2)患病情况包括患病时长、是否患有其他慢性病。其中患病时长是指从患者被确诊为糖尿病到调查时间的年数。(3)患者签约情况涉及的问题包括:“您是否知道自己家庭医生的姓名?”“您是何时签约的家庭医生?”“与签约前相比个人生活习惯是否改善了?”“与签约前相比诊疗费用是否降低了?”“与签约前相比就诊是否更便利了?”“与签约前相比候诊时间是否减少了?”。(4)患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度情况,分为“不满意”和“满意”。
本研究基于文献复习及与部分家庭医生、糖尿病患者的访谈,设计调查问卷初稿,经过组织专家咨询论证,确定最终的调查问卷。调查人员均经过统一培训,调查后问卷由复核人员审核,获得最终有效问卷。数据回收后,采用双录入及交叉校对的方式确保录入数据的准确性。
运用 SPSS 26.0进行数据清洗及分析。采用频数和构成比对糖尿病患者的基本情况进行描述性分析。采用χ2检验对不同特征的糖尿病患者的满意度进行单因素分析。以糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约情况满意度为因变量。基于既往研究[11-12]和专家咨询结果,以居住地、性别、年龄、受教育程度、医疗保险类型、家庭年收入、患病时长、是否患有其他慢性病、是否知道自己家庭医生姓名、签约年限、是否认为签约后个人生活习惯改善、是否认为签约后诊疗费用降低、是否认为签约后就诊更便利、是否认为签约后候诊时间减少作为自变量纳入回归方程,多分类变量以哑变量形式纳入方程并以第一个类别作为参照进行logistic回归分析。检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入糖尿病患者514例,对签约服务总体满意的有369人(71.8%),不满意的有145人(28.2%)。详见表1
结果显示,60岁及以下的糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务满意的比例最高,其次是>60~70岁的患者,70岁以上的患者满意的比例最低(75.7%vs.73.1%vs.60.7%,P=0.030)。与不知道自己家庭医生姓名的糖尿病患者相比,知道自己家庭医生姓名的患者对家庭医生签约服务满意的比例更高(75.2%vs.56.7%,P<0.001)。在签约前后能够感受到在个人生活习惯、诊疗费用、就诊便利性、候诊时间等方面有明显效果的患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度更高(P<0.05)。详见表2
满意度是评价家庭医生签约服务质量的重要指标[13]。本研究发现,糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务整体满意度较高(71.8%)。这一比例高于张薇琪等人[14]关于上海市居民对家庭医生制度满意度的研究结果(64.6%)及孙华君[12]关于天津市门诊患者对签约家庭医生满意度的研究结果(66.3%)。一方面,糖尿病患者作为当前家庭医生签约服务的重点人群之一,对签约服务的获得感可能比普通签约居民高,因而满意度更高。另一方面也说明家庭医生签约服务一定程度上满足了糖尿病患者的健康管理需求,总体上得到了患者的认可。然而分析也发现不同特征的糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度存在较大差异,因而糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的整体满意度仍有进一步提升空间。
本研究结果显示,随着年龄的增长,糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度有所下降,这可能是因为老年糖尿病患者卫生服务需求呈多样化、精细化的特征,对家庭医生服务的需求高、依赖性更强,而当前受基层医疗服务机构条件所限,家庭医生签约服务与老年糖尿病患者需求还有一定差距。此外,老年患者的逻辑思维能力和语言表达能力较差,医患沟通质量下降,可能也是导致满意度较低的原因。因而,相关部门应积极探索满足老年糖尿病患者需求的签约服务模式,设计“个性化签约服务包”,让家庭医生的服务更加精准。
本研究结果显示,收入较高的糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度更高。一方面,家庭年收入较高的患者通常倾向于认同先进的卫生服务理念,有较好的健康意识,对家庭医生签约服务认可度较高。而低收入签约患者可能健康素养水平较低,就诊率较低,且倾向于自我诊断[15]。另一方面,高收入群体对疾病的负担能力较强,而家庭经济状况较差的患者对医疗费用的敏感性较高,没有足够的金钱和精力过多关注自身健康问题[16]。同时本研究也发现,认为签约后诊疗费用降低的患者对家庭医生签约服务有更高的评价。因此,需要完善与家庭医生签约服务相匹配的医保报销政策,推动门诊慢性病医保服务向基层延伸,加大医保基金对基层支付的倾斜力度等,切实减轻糖尿病患者疾病经济负担。
良好的沟通是建立和谐医患关系的重要因素,能够有效提升患者对家庭医生的满意度[17]。本研究结果显示,对自己的家庭医生更熟悉的糖尿病患者对家庭医生签约服务的满意度更高。这一结果与以往研究结论[18-19]一致,都表明基层人际信任对于家庭医生签约服务提质增效的改革具有重要意义。因此,有必要采取措施加强医患沟通,增强患者对家庭医生的熟悉程度与信任感,进而提升家庭医生签约服务质量。
本研究结果显示,在签约后感受到个人生活习惯改善、诊疗费用降低、就诊更便利、候诊时间减少的糖尿病患者对签约服务有更高的评价。这表明质优、价廉、便捷的基本医疗卫生服务是最受患者欢迎的服务。糖尿病作为慢性自我管理性疾病,健康的生活习惯对病情控制至关重要。对糖尿病患者随访了至少12个月的研究报告称,由于患者健康行为的改变预期寿命延长了0.02~0.42岁,QALYs增加了0.01~0.18[20]。家庭医生可以开展多种形式的健康教育活动,通过对糖尿病患者内在驱动力的开发引导患者养成健康的生活习惯。此外,为城乡居民提供便利的卫生服务是当前基层卫生工作重要内容。应简化就医流程,在基层医疗卫生机构推行居民就医过程中的“先诊疗、后结算”一站式服务。另外,进一步落实慢病长期处方服务,方便患者配药开药,减少开药频次[21]。现阶段,家庭医生签约服务逐渐普及,接下来应逐步从单纯关注签约率向全面提升签约服务质量转变,让患者切实感受到签约服务带来的获得感。
  • 国家自然科学基金(71503150)
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2024年第51卷第8期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312270
  • 接收时间:2023-12-18
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2024-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-18
基金
国家自然科学基金(71503150)
作者信息
    1.山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)医疗保障学院,山东 济南 250117
    2.青岛市市立医院院长办公室
    3.山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院卫生管理与政策研究中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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