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Article(id=1240375274823544923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312447, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703606400000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773658110575, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1713974400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773658110575, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773658110575, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658110575, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240375270163673092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='8', pageStart='1345', pageEnd='1536', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773658109465, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658579758, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240377242795176417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240377242795176418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375270163673092, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1396, endPage=1399, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240375275104563305, articleId=1240375274823544923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=A study on the relationship between dietary inflammation index and sarcopenia in older adults, columnId=1240375107953161116, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Nutrition and Foold Hygiene, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and sarcopenia in older adults and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

Methods

From January 2022 to January 2023, 253 older adults over 60 years old were recruited in Chengdu. DII were calculated according to the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the groups were divided into Q1-Q4 according to the DII from low to high, sarcopenia was diagnosed according to Asian Working Group for sarcopenia 2019. The relationship between DII and sarcopenia was estimated by logistic regression analysis.

Results

After controlling confounding factors, compared with the Q1 group, the risk of sarcopenia in the Q3 group and Q4 group was 3.94 times and 7.02 times higher than that in the Q1 group (P<0.05), and the risk of sarcopenia increases in older adults with higher DII.

Conclusion

Higher DII increases the risk of sarcopenia, and it is recommended to provide dietary guidance for older adults to reduce the risk of sarcopenia affected by DII.

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目的

探讨膳食炎症指数（Dietary Inflammatory Index, DII）与老年人肌少症的关系，为肌少症的防治提供科学依据。

方法

选自2022年1月到2023年1月在成都市某社区招募的253名60岁以上老年人作为研究对象。根据半定量食物频率调查表计算DII评分，根据DII评分从低到高的四分位数分为Q1~Q4组；根据2019亚洲肌少症工作组（AWGS）共识诊断标准进行肌少症的诊断。通过logistic回归分析探究DII评分与肌少症的关系。

结果

控制混杂因素后，与Q1组相比，Q3组、Q4组发生肌少症的风险分别是Q1组的3.94倍、7.02倍（P<0.05），随着DII评分增加，老年人发生肌少症的风险增加。

结论

较高的膳食炎症指数会增加肌少症发生风险，建议对老年人进行膳食指导，降低膳食炎症指数对肌少症发生风险的影响。

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景小凡，E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=NX5LctqlGVyYp7eunoJL2Q==, magXml=HMPIJAV9HT3wSGuLUTxM4g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=ntBDfuIKimIbpDwWXzlUUw==, pdfFileSize=466466, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=LRj6sFr5JsD3dFGNlR1KwQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

周林桦（1992—），女，硕士，初级技师，研究方向：临床营养

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周林桦（1992—），女，硕士，初级技师，研究方向：临床营养

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周林桦（1992—），女，硕士，初级技师，研究方向：临床营养

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Nutrition Journal, 2020, 19(1): 129., articleTitle=Inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of sarcopenia and its components, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240748862885916770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=13, issue=4, pageStart=1166, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Gojanovic M, Holloway-Kew KL, Hyde NK, journalName=Nutrients, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gojanovic M, Holloway-Kew KL, Hyde NK, et al. The dietary inflammatory index is associated with low muscle mass and low muscle function in older australians[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(4): 1166., articleTitle=The dietary inflammatory index is associated with low muscle mass and low muscle function in older australians, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240748860147037162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, awardId=Z20191013, language=CN, fundingSource=国家老年医学研究中心（四川大学华西医院）项目(Z20191013), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240748860251894768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, awardId=CNS-FF2019A23, language=CN, fundingSource=中国营养学会食品营养研究基金(CNS-FF2019A23), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240748856162448005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748856170836617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, companyId=1240748856162448005, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748856254722705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, companyId=1240748856162448005, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西医院临床营养科，四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240748856321831580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748856330220188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, companyId=1240748856321831580, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.四川大学华西临床医学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240748856401523367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240748856409911976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, companyId=1240748856401523367, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.四川天府新区正兴社区卫生服务中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240748859324953520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

General information of DII groups[n（%）]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基本特征Q1
n=63		Q2
n=64		Q3
n=63		Q4
n=63		χ2P
性别1.120.773
男27(42.86)32(50.00)28(44.44)26(41.27)
女36(57.14)32(50.00)35(55.56)37(58.73)
年龄（岁）4.920.405
60~8060(95.24)56(87.50)55(87.30)57(90.48)
≥803(4.76)8(12.50)8(12.70)6(9.52)
BMI（kg/m2）16.420.059
消瘦（<18.5）2(3.18)1(1.56)6(9.52)4(6.35)
正常（18.5-23.9）26(41.27)36(56.25)34(53.97)40(63.49)
超重（24-27.9）33(52.38)25(39.06)20(31.75)15(23.81)
肥胖（≥28）2(3.18)2(3.13)3(4.76)4(6.35)
营养状况10.590.014a
营养不良0000
营养不良风险4(6.35)3(4.69)13(20.63)6(9.52)
营养状况正常59(93.65)61(95.31)50(79.37)57(90.48)
慢性疾病史17(26.98)22(34.38)28(44.44)33(52.38)9.850.020a
运动习惯30(47.62)26(40.63)21(33,33)22(34.92)3.320.344
), ArticleFig(id=1240748859421422520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

DII分组间一般资料 [例（%）]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基本特征Q1
n=63		Q2
n=64		Q3
n=63		Q4
n=63		χ2P
性别1.120.773
男27(42.86)32(50.00)28(44.44)26(41.27)
女36(57.14)32(50.00)35(55.56)37(58.73)
年龄（岁）4.920.405
60~8060(95.24)56(87.50)55(87.30)57(90.48)
≥803(4.76)8(12.50)8(12.70)6(9.52)
BMI（kg/m2）16.420.059
消瘦（<18.5）2(3.18)1(1.56)6(9.52)4(6.35)
正常（18.5-23.9）26(41.27)36(56.25)34(53.97)40(63.49)
超重（24-27.9）33(52.38)25(39.06)20(31.75)15(23.81)
肥胖（≥28）2(3.18)2(3.13)3(4.76)4(6.35)
营养状况10.590.014a
营养不良0000
营养不良风险4(6.35)3(4.69)13(20.63)6(9.52)
营养状况正常59(93.65)61(95.31)50(79.37)57(90.48)
慢性疾病史17(26.98)22(34.38)28(44.44)33(52.38)9.850.020a
运动习惯30(47.62)26(40.63)21(33,33)22(34.92)3.320.344
), ArticleFig(id=1240748859530474431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Daily energy and nutrient intake of DII groups[P50（P25,P75）]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能量与营养素Q1Q2Q3Q4HP
能量(kcal)1 114(811,1 501)950(841,1 229)928(771,1 076)793(630,981)20.98<0.001a
蛋白质(g)38.3(26.8,51.6)39.4(23.1,52.3)34.3(21.4,47.4)32.6(19.2,43.4)6.540.088
脂肪(g)36.3(28.5,48.9)38.4(30.4,53.8)37.9(29,49.9)27.2(19.8,39.9)23.12<0.001a
碳水化合物(g)129.1(102.0,181.0)107.4(84.5,135.1)104.3(84.4,140.2)89.4(67.6,126.0)17.590.001a
膳食纤维(g)6.2(3.9,11.7)5.1(2.5,7.5)5.2(3.2,7.0)2.8(2.0,4.5)28.10<0.001a
胆固醇(mg)118.5(40.5,334.1)99.6(23.3,369.8)118.5(40.5,233.2)106.4(20.3,364.5)0.040.998
维生素A(μg)242.0(58.0,429.3)267.5(138.5,412.8)209.8(109.1,317.7)157.6(48.6,245.5)12.710.005a
维生素B1(mg)0.7(0.4,1.1)0.7(0.4,0.8)0.6(0.4,0.8)0.6(0.4,0.8)4.050.256
维生素B2(mg)0.4(0.2,0.7)0.4(0.3,0.7)0.4(0.2,0.5)0.3(0.2,0.4)13.100.004a
烟酸(mg)7.8(4.8,13.8)7.6(4.4,10.3)6.3(4.3,9.0)5.5(3.6,9.0)8.750.033a
维生素C(mg)40.2(8.0,94.1)48.3(12.6,73.0)41.0(22.4,64.8)22.3(8.0,35.4)11.980.007a
维生素E(mg)17.0(11.8,22.8)17.4(16.3,19.5)17.1(15.6,19.2)12.2(10.7,16.0)43.40<0.001a
镁(mg)152.7(97.4,241.3)164.2(97.0,208.0)151.8(112.2,181.9)100.5(76.7,136.1)23.04<0.001a
铁(mg)8.1(5.3,12.8)8.2(6.2,11.6)7.1(5.6,9.4)6.2(4.3,7.9)18.58<0.001a
锌(mg)5.0(3.4,8.0)5.7(3.7,7.2)4.9(3.4,6.5)4.4(3.1,6.0)9.790.020a
硒(ug)15.7(9.9,26.3)18.4(10.7,25.4)15.8(9.2,22.7)12.9(7.1,22.4)7.960.047a
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DII分组间每日摄入能量与营养素[中位数（P25,P75）]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
能量与营养素Q1Q2Q3Q4HP
能量(kcal)1 114(811,1 501)950(841,1 229)928(771,1 076)793(630,981)20.98<0.001a
蛋白质(g)38.3(26.8,51.6)39.4(23.1,52.3)34.3(21.4,47.4)32.6(19.2,43.4)6.540.088
脂肪(g)36.3(28.5,48.9)38.4(30.4,53.8)37.9(29,49.9)27.2(19.8,39.9)23.12<0.001a
碳水化合物(g)129.1(102.0,181.0)107.4(84.5,135.1)104.3(84.4,140.2)89.4(67.6,126.0)17.590.001a
膳食纤维(g)6.2(3.9,11.7)5.1(2.5,7.5)5.2(3.2,7.0)2.8(2.0,4.5)28.10<0.001a
胆固醇(mg)118.5(40.5,334.1)99.6(23.3,369.8)118.5(40.5,233.2)106.4(20.3,364.5)0.040.998
维生素A(μg)242.0(58.0,429.3)267.5(138.5,412.8)209.8(109.1,317.7)157.6(48.6,245.5)12.710.005a
维生素B1(mg)0.7(0.4,1.1)0.7(0.4,0.8)0.6(0.4,0.8)0.6(0.4,0.8)4.050.256
维生素B2(mg)0.4(0.2,0.7)0.4(0.3,0.7)0.4(0.2,0.5)0.3(0.2,0.4)13.100.004a
烟酸(mg)7.8(4.8,13.8)7.6(4.4,10.3)6.3(4.3,9.0)5.5(3.6,9.0)8.750.033a
维生素C(mg)40.2(8.0,94.1)48.3(12.6,73.0)41.0(22.4,64.8)22.3(8.0,35.4)11.980.007a
维生素E(mg)17.0(11.8,22.8)17.4(16.3,19.5)17.1(15.6,19.2)12.2(10.7,16.0)43.40<0.001a
镁(mg)152.7(97.4,241.3)164.2(97.0,208.0)151.8(112.2,181.9)100.5(76.7,136.1)23.04<0.001a
铁(mg)8.1(5.3,12.8)8.2(6.2,11.6)7.1(5.6,9.4)6.2(4.3,7.9)18.58<0.001a
锌(mg)5.0(3.4,8.0)5.7(3.7,7.2)4.9(3.4,6.5)4.4(3.1,6.0)9.790.020a
硒(ug)15.7(9.9,26.3)18.4(10.7,25.4)15.8(9.2,22.7)12.9(7.1,22.4)7.960.047a
), ArticleFig(id=1240748859782132690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375274823544923, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Logistic regression analysis between DII and sarcopenia

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DII评分肌少症是/否βPOR95%置信区间
Q121/421.00
Q241/230.7620.1042.14(0.86,5.37)
Q342/211.3710.005a3.94(1.52,10.21)
Q449/141.949<0.001a7.02(2.67,18.49)
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DII评分与肌少症情况的logistic回归分析

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DII评分肌少症是/否βPOR95%置信区间
Q121/421.00
Q241/230.7620.1042.14(0.86,5.37)
Q342/211.3710.005a3.94(1.52,10.21)
Q449/141.949<0.001a7.02(2.67,18.49)
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膳食炎症指数与老年人肌少症关系的研究
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周林桦 1 , 廖欣怡 1 , 甄若菀 2 , 朱琳 3 , 石磊 1 , 景小凡 1
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2024,51(8): 1396-1399
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现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2024, 51(8): 1396-1399
膳食炎症指数与老年人肌少症关系的研究
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周林桦1, 廖欣怡1, 甄若菀2, 朱琳3, 石磊1, 景小凡1
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西医院临床营养科，四川 成都 610041
  • 2.四川大学华西临床医学院
  • 3.四川天府新区正兴社区卫生服务中心

    • 周林桦（1992—），女，硕士，初级技师，研究方向：临床营养

通讯作者:

景小凡，E-mail：
A study on the relationship between dietary inflammation index and sarcopenia in older adults
Lin-hua ZHOU1, Xin-yi LIAO1, Ruo-wan ZHEN2, Lin ZHU3, Lei SHI1, Xiao-fan JIN1
Affiliations
  • Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2024-04-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312447
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摘要
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目的

探讨膳食炎症指数（Dietary Inflammatory Index, DII）与老年人肌少症的关系，为肌少症的防治提供科学依据。

方法

选自2022年1月到2023年1月在成都市某社区招募的253名60岁以上老年人作为研究对象。根据半定量食物频率调查表计算DII评分，根据DII评分从低到高的四分位数分为Q1~Q4组；根据2019亚洲肌少症工作组（AWGS）共识诊断标准进行肌少症的诊断。通过logistic回归分析探究DII评分与肌少症的关系。

结果

控制混杂因素后，与Q1组相比，Q3组、Q4组发生肌少症的风险分别是Q1组的3.94倍、7.02倍（P<0.05），随着DII评分增加，老年人发生肌少症的风险增加。

结论

较高的膳食炎症指数会增加肌少症发生风险，建议对老年人进行膳食指导，降低膳食炎症指数对肌少症发生风险的影响。

膳食炎症指数  /  肌少症  /  老年人
Objective

To investigate the relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and sarcopenia in older adults and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

Methods

From January 2022 to January 2023, 253 older adults over 60 years old were recruited in Chengdu. DII were calculated according to the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the groups were divided into Q1-Q4 according to the DII from low to high, sarcopenia was diagnosed according to Asian Working Group for sarcopenia 2019. The relationship between DII and sarcopenia was estimated by logistic regression analysis.

Results

After controlling confounding factors, compared with the Q1 group, the risk of sarcopenia in the Q3 group and Q4 group was 3.94 times and 7.02 times higher than that in the Q1 group (P<0.05), and the risk of sarcopenia increases in older adults with higher DII.

Conclusion

Higher DII increases the risk of sarcopenia, and it is recommended to provide dietary guidance for older adults to reduce the risk of sarcopenia affected by DII.

Dietary inflammatory index  /  Sarcopenia  /  Older adults
周林桦, 廖欣怡, 甄若菀, 朱琳, 石磊, 景小凡. 膳食炎症指数与老年人肌少症关系的研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (8) : 1396 -1399 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312447
Lin-hua ZHOU, Xin-yi LIAO, Ruo-wan ZHEN, Lin ZHU, Lei SHI, Xiao-fan JIN. A study on the relationship between dietary inflammation index and sarcopenia in older adults[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (8) : 1396 -1399 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312447
正文
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肌少症是一种年龄相关性的肌肉骨骼系统慢性疾病[1]，常见于老年人中。截止2022年年末，我国60岁以上老年人共计28 004万，占全人群的19.8%[2]。调查显示，我国社区老年人肌少症患病率为8.9%～38.8%，80岁以上老年人患病率超过60%[3]。未来我国老年肌少症患者数量将急剧增加，对家庭医疗负担和社会公共卫生支出产生巨大影响，预防其发生、延缓其发展显得意义重大。慢性炎症被认为是与年龄相关的肌肉质量和功能损失的重要驱动因素之一，在肌少症的发生发展中起重要作用。随着年龄增长，机体炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（C-reactive protein, CRP）、IL-6（Interleukin 6）等水平的升高，可促进活性氧生成，使蛋白质分解代谢增加，合成减少[4]，从而引起肌少症。
膳食因素可以调节炎症状态，例如富含蔬菜、水果和全谷物的地中海膳食模式可以降低炎症水平，而高精制碳水化合物、蛋白质的膳食常常与炎症水平的升高呈正相关[5]。膳食炎症指数（Dietary Inflammatory Index, DII）是一种基于文献和人群衍生的膳食工具，可以在膳食模式的背景下量化个体膳食中营养素和食物对炎症影响的潜力。DII于2009年由南卡罗来纳大学公共卫生研究团队初次提出，2014年进行了重新修订[6]。国内外研究已证明DII与心血管疾病、糖尿病、肿瘤等慢性疾病的发生有关[7-9]。
国内尚未见针对DII与老年人肌少症关系的研究报道，本研究旨在探究DII与老年人肌少症的关系，为肌少症的预防和控制提供依据。
1 研究对象与方法
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1.1 研究对象
2022年1月到2023年1月在成都市某社区进行受试者招募，通过纳入排除标准，共253名老年人参与研究。纳入标准：（1）年龄≥60岁并长期居住在调查地点；（2）意识清楚，正常沟通，独立行走，完成问卷调查与相关检查；（3）签署知情同意书。排除标准：（1）处于某些重大疾病急性期、终末期或慢性疾病的急性发作期；（2）由于严重的认知障碍、精神紊乱、视力和听力障碍导致无法正常交流者；（3）不能独自站立或者体内有起搏器、心脏支架等不能进行人体成分测试；（4）其他不适合参加本研究的情况。本研究已取得四川大学华西医院伦理审查委员会批准[2022年审（1734）号]。
1.2 研究方法
1.2.1 问卷调查
由经过统一培训和考核的调查员采用面对面询问并填写问卷调查的方式，收集受试者的基本情况包括年龄、性别、慢性疾病史、日常运动习惯等；通过半定量食物频率问卷法（Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, FFQ）收集研究对象近一年各种食物及营养补充剂的摄入频率以及平均每次摄入量，在调查过程中用自制的定量食物模型帮助研究对象确定各种食物的摄入量。
1.2.2 体格检查与营养评估
采用统一的体重秤和身高测量仪分别测量研究对象的体重、身高，并计算体质指数（Body Mass Index, BMI）=体重（kg）/[身高（m）]2。使用标准卷尺测量小腿围，采用老年患者微型营养评价简表（Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form, MNA-SF）评估研究对象营养状况，MNA-SF得分0~7分显示营养不良，8~11分显示为有营养不良的风险，12~14分显示为营养状况正常[10]。
1.2.3 肌少症诊断标准
根据研究对象慢性疾病史和简易五项评分问卷(Sarcopenia-Five, SARC-F)量表筛查可能存在肌少症风险患者，SARC-F量表包括力量(Strength)、行走(Assistance in walking)、起身(Rise from a chair)、爬楼梯(Climb stairs)、跌倒(Falls)五项内容，总分≥4为筛查阳性[11]。根据亚洲肌少症工作组(Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, AWGS)的标准[12]进行肌少症的诊断：（1）四肢骨骼肌质量评估，通过生物电阻法（Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, BIA）测量，低骨骼肌含量诊断阈值为男性SMI<7.0 kg/m2，女性SMI<5.7 kg/m2；（2）肌肉力量，低肌力阈值为男性握力<26 kg，女性握力<18 kg；（3）躯体功能，步速<1 m/s为低躯体功能判断标准。满足条件（1）和条件（2）或（3）诊断为肌少症，条件（1）、（2）和（3）均满足为严重肌少症。
1.3 DII计算
采用已在国际上广泛应用的膳食炎症指数评分表，该评分表基于广泛的文献检索，纳入全球11 个国家及地区、不同人群的 45 种膳食成分。根据Shivappa等计算老年人膳食的DII评分[6]。进行分组比较时，将所有老年人DII评分按从小到大的顺序排列，分为Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4四个组（Q1<P25，P25<Q2<P50，P50<Q3<P75，Q4>P75，不包含右端点）。
1.4 统计分析
采用SPSS 22.0进行数据分析。偏态资料采用中位数（P25,P75）描述，组间比较使用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验；定性资料采用频数及百分比描述，组间比较采用卡方检验。控制混杂因素后采用二元logistic回归进行分析，以Q1组为参照组，并对是否肌少症进行赋值（“0”表示非肌少症，“1”表示肌少症）。检验水准为双侧α=0.05。
1.5 质量控制研究设计
所有问卷调查经过信度、效度检验。调查人员接受统一专业培训，并考核合格。调查员核对问卷调查信息完整性，对信息完整的问卷进行统一回收录入。
2 结果
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2.1 一般资料
研究对象共计253人，平均年龄（72.59±4.8）岁，肌少症患者153人，患病率60.47%。DII评分范围为-6.61～6.86，整体偏促炎饮食。MNA-SF平均得分（13.14±1.08）分。按DII评分从小到大分为Q1组（DII<1.19）、Q2组（1.19<DII<2.48）、Q3组（2.48<DII<4.14）、Q4组（DII>4.14）（均不包含右端点）。四组间性别、年龄、BMI、运动习惯差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），四组间营养状况、慢性疾病史差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。详见表1。
2.2 摄入能量与营养素的比较
四组老年人的蛋白质、胆固醇、维生素B1摄入量的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），Q4组能量、脂肪、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、烟酸、维生素C、维生素E、镁、铁的摄入量低于Q1组（P<0.05）。详见表2。
2.3 DII评分与肌少症关系的控制变量logistic回归分析
将DII评分与是否肌少症进行多因素logistic回归分析，结果显示，控制了混杂因素性别、年龄、BMI、营养状况、慢性疾病史和运动习惯后，Q2与Q1相比，差异没有统计学意义（P>0.05），Q3、Q4与Q1相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。详见表3。
3 讨论
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肌少症与增龄密切相关，其进展隐匿、渐行加重、难以逆转，跟非肌少症者相比，肌少症者的平均生存时间可从16.3年缩短至10.3年[13]。膳食被众多专家和学者认为是预防和治疗老年人肌少症的重要途径。DII是可以量化个人膳食炎症潜力的一种新型工具，已有研究发现，高DII评分即更有促炎潜力的饮食，与机体内肌肉代谢和免疫系统异常存在密切关系，与肌少症发生的高风险有关[14-15]，目前国内研究较少，仅在香港和上海地区有部分研究成果报道[16-18]，西南地区相关研究仍处于空白。
本次研究以西南地区老年人为研究对象进行DII与肌少症发生风险之间关系的初步探究，在控制了混杂因素后，与Q1组相比，Q4组发生肌少症的风险是Q1组的7.02倍（95% CI：2.67~18.49，P<0.001），较高的DII评分与肌少症风险之间存在正相关。国内外一些相关研究也有类似结果。Bagheri等[19]在300名55岁及以上伊朗老年人中的调查结果显示，DII得分最高组患肌少症的风险是最低组的2.18倍（95% CI：1.01~4.74）。澳大利亚的一项研究中，Gojanovic等[20]纳入了60岁及以上老年人809名进行分析的结果也与本研究结果大体一致。在中国上海地区进行的老年人肌少症发生风险与膳食炎症潜力的研究结果[18]显示，DII四分位数最高组的老年人患肌少症风险是最低组的3.339倍（95% CI：1.232~9.052），他们还发现，在中国社区居住的老年人中，促炎饮食与肌少症之间的关系主要是由于潜在的膳食能量、蛋白质和抗炎食物的低摄入量，而不是由于促炎食物的高摄入量，本次研究也表明随着DII的增高，老年人膳食整体质量也随着变差。
综上所述，较高的膳食炎症指数会增加肌少症的发生风险。建议对老年人进行营养相关干预，旨在指导老年人合理饮食、增加抗炎食物的摄入、减少促炎食物的摄入，改善老年人肌肉骨骼健康，从而降低肌少症的发生风险。同时也提供了一种新的适用于老年人的膳食质量评价方法。
基金
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  • 国家老年医学研究中心（四川大学华西医院）项目(Z20191013)
  • 中国营养学会食品营养研究基金(CNS-FF2019A23)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2024年第51卷第8期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312447
  • 接收时间：2023-12-27
  • 首发时间：2026-03-16
  • 出版时间：2024-04-25
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  • 收稿日期：2023-12-27
基金
国家老年医学研究中心（四川大学华西医院）项目(Z20191013)
中国营养学会食品营养研究基金(CNS-FF2019A23)
作者信息
    1.四川大学华西医院临床营养科，四川 成都 610041
    2.四川大学华西临床医学院
    3.四川天府新区正兴社区卫生服务中心

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Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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