Article(id=1240375117826552219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311043, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1698854400000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-02, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773658073145, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1711296000000, pubDateStr=2024-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773658073145, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773658073145, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658073145, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240375105386238038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='6', pageStart='961', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773658070179, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658539618, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240377074414833974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240377074414833975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1077, endPage=1082, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240375119462330797, articleId=1240375117826552219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Effects of MAVS signaling pathway in HTR8-S/Vneo stimulated by HBV on PBMC immune response to hepatitis B vaccine, columnId=1228016572065837304, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Experimental Technology and Applications, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the effect and mechanism of HBV-stimulated HTR8-S/Vneo mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling pathway on the immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) to hepatitis B vaccine.

Methods

The HTR8-S/Vneo were co-incubated with serum of HBV-DNA positive patients. MAVS siRNA transfection was hereby applied for silencing of MAVS and MAVS plasmid transfection was applied for overexpression of MAVS in HTR8-S/Vneo. We then cocultured them with human immune cells assembly PBMC and subsequently stimulated with hepatitis B vaccine. The mRNA and protein expression levels of MAVS, NF-κB, pNF-κB, IRF3 and pIRF3 in HTR8-S/Vneo were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and flow cytometry (FCM). The levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-β and IL-17 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the proportion of CD4+T cell were detected by flow cytometry. The data were analyzed for t test.

Results

HBV down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of MAVS, NF-κB, IRF3 (t=6.66, P=0.003; t=14.18, P<0.001; t=3.70, P=0.021) and the protein expression levels of MAVS, NF-κB, pNF-κB (t=3.42, P=0.042; t=4.23, P=0.013; t=4.86, P=0.008), and inhibited the production of IFN-β (t=9.83, P=0.010). Silencing MAVS down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of MAVS (t=31.20, P<0.001; t=6.53, P=0.023), inhibited the expression of IFN-β (t=5.46, P=0.032), and reduced the proportion of CD4+T cells in PBMC (t=9.07, P=0.001). Overexpression of MAVS induced IFN-β production (t=-34.26, P<0.001; t=-5.11, P=0.036), but the proportion of CD4+T cells did not show significant effect (t=-0.73, P=0.506).

Conclusion

HBV can inhibit the MAVS signaling pathway in HTR8-S/Vneo. Overexpression of MAVS could promote the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in PBMC.

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目的

探讨HBV刺激下人绒毛膜滋养层细胞(HTR8-S/Vneo)线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白(Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein,MAVS)信号通路对外周血单个核细胞(Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell,PBMC)乙肝疫苗免疫反应的影响及作用机制。

方法

HBV DNA阳性患者血清刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后,采用MAVS过表达质粒/siRNA分别转染至HTR8-S/Vneo以过表达/沉默MAVS,并将其与人类免疫细胞集合体PBMC共培养后给予乙肝疫苗刺激。采用逆转录-实时荧光定量PCR(Reverse Transcription-Quantitative Real-Time PCR,RT-qPCR)及流式细胞术(Flow CytoMetry,FCM)检测MAVS信号通路相关分子(MAVS、NF-κB、pNF-κB、IRF3和pIRF3等)mRNA及蛋白水平;酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA)检测IL-2、IL-6、IFN-β和IL-17等细胞因子表达;FCM检测PBMC中CD4+T细胞比例。采用独立样本t检验进行数据分析。

结果

HBV下调MAVS、NF-κB 、IRF3 mRNA表达(t=6.66, P=0.003; t=14.18, P<0.001; t=3.70, P=0.021)及MAVS、NF-κB、pNF-κB蛋白表达(t=3.42, P=0.042; t=4.23, P=0.013; t=4.86, P=0.008),抑制抗病毒因子IFN-β的产生(t=9.83, P=0.010);沉默HTR8-S/Vneo中MAVS下调MAVS mRNA及蛋白表达(t=31.20, P<0.001; t=6.53, P=0.023),抑制PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应中IFN-β的产生(t=5.46, P=0.032),降低CD4+T细胞比例(t=9.07, P=0.001);过表达MAVS则上调MAVS mRNA及蛋白表达(t=-34.26, P<0.001; t=-5.11, P=0.036),诱导PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应中IFN-β的产生(t=-7.04, P=0.020),CD4+T细胞比例数值上升高(t=-0.73, P=0.506)。

结论

HBV可抑制HTR8-S/Vneo中MAVS信号通路;过表达MAVS则促进PBMC乙肝疫苗的免疫反应。

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王素萍,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=FAZK3ukmh4WkbLnPP8ZJCA==, magXml=miDIRQr3Pn3ZbPMl0DW2iA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=JQZDvNWXFzyTbnjFeT5n4w==, pdfFileSize=771226, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=oomszocYU1nEOXlqjJ0lDg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=I3LHJYZ7l2YBWXMahBle0Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

任朝敏(1997—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:乙肝分子流行病学研究

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任朝敏(1997—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:乙肝分子流行病学研究

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Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, 13: 1075916., articleTitle=Hepatitis B functional cure and immune response, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240746313449533512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375117826552219, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=17, issue=9, pageStart=3203, pageEnd=3213, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Zhao MX, Li XY, Xie S, journalName=Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao MX, Li XY, Xie S, et al. The dynamics and association of B and T cell receptor repertoires upon antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination in healthy adults[J]. 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注:ns表示P≥0.05;*表示P<0.05;**表示P<0.01;***表示P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=QxTklN8hDKMc7f6goD4P5Q==, figureFileBig=q5ikzvFOpQ6zUlB3sZcXZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746308655444878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375117826552219, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The mRNA and protein expression of MAVS after overexpressing/silencing MAVS in HBV-stimulated HTR8-S/Vneo, figureFileSmall=iNXz3yc1AcigUX83yxLseg==, figureFileBig=t8a06L7tSP+4w87V36YRCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746308735136658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375117826552219, language=CN, label=图2, caption=HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后过表达/沉默MAVS mRNA和蛋白表达水平

注:*表示P<0.05;***表示P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=iNXz3yc1AcigUX83yxLseg==, figureFileBig=t8a06L7tSP+4w87V36YRCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746308831605653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375117826552219, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effect of overexpression/silencing of MAVS on PBMC after HBV stimulation of HTR8-S/Vneo, figureFileSmall=k/RarNgTM5ot72r1vU3zVA==, figureFileBig=4wkV0E+Y1RpYFWaSMlCrGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746308936463261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375117826552219, language=CN, label=图3, caption=HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后过表达/沉默MAVS对PBMC的影响

注:ns表示P≥0.05;*表示P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=k/RarNgTM5ot72r1vU3zVA==, figureFileBig=4wkV0E+Y1RpYFWaSMlCrGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746309028737957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375117826552219, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effect of overexpression/silencing of MAVS on PBMC immune response to hepatitis B vaccine after HBV stimulation of HTR8-S/Vneo, figureFileSmall=R8M91YJ5TSn19+nVnIwrcQ==, figureFileBig=z8LKR/nQg/6Uux1Z4Br11A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746309108429742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375117826552219, language=CN, label=图4, caption=HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后过表达/沉默MAVS对PBMC对乙肝疫苗免疫反应的影响

注:ns 表示P≥0.05;*表示P<0.05;**表示P<0.01。

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HBV刺激下滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路对PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应影响的研究
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任朝敏 1 , 赵甜静 1 , 陈转转 1 , 姚添 2 , 王科科 3 , 张德梅 4 , 冯永亮 1 , 王素萍 1
现代预防医学 | 实验技术及其应用 2024,51(6): 1077-1082
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现代预防医学 | 实验技术及其应用 2024, 51(6): 1077-1082
HBV刺激下滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路对PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应影响的研究
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任朝敏1, 赵甜静1, 陈转转1, 姚添2, 王科科3, 张德梅4, 冯永亮1, 王素萍1
作者信息
  • 1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,山西 太原 030001
  • 2.山西医科大学第一临床医学院
  • 3.山西医科大学第一医院
  • 4.太原市血液中心
  • 任朝敏(1997—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:乙肝分子流行病学研究

通讯作者:

王素萍,E-mail:
Effects of MAVS signaling pathway in HTR8-S/Vneo stimulated by HBV on PBMC immune response to hepatitis B vaccine
Chao-min REN1, Tian-jing ZHAO1, Zhuan-zhuan CHEN1, Tian YAO2, Ke-ke WANG3, De-mei ZHANG4, Yong-liang FENG1, Su-ping WANG1
Affiliations
  • Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
出版时间: 2024-03-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311043
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目的

探讨HBV刺激下人绒毛膜滋养层细胞(HTR8-S/Vneo)线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白(Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein,MAVS)信号通路对外周血单个核细胞(Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell,PBMC)乙肝疫苗免疫反应的影响及作用机制。

方法

HBV DNA阳性患者血清刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后,采用MAVS过表达质粒/siRNA分别转染至HTR8-S/Vneo以过表达/沉默MAVS,并将其与人类免疫细胞集合体PBMC共培养后给予乙肝疫苗刺激。采用逆转录-实时荧光定量PCR(Reverse Transcription-Quantitative Real-Time PCR,RT-qPCR)及流式细胞术(Flow CytoMetry,FCM)检测MAVS信号通路相关分子(MAVS、NF-κB、pNF-κB、IRF3和pIRF3等)mRNA及蛋白水平;酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA)检测IL-2、IL-6、IFN-β和IL-17等细胞因子表达;FCM检测PBMC中CD4+T细胞比例。采用独立样本t检验进行数据分析。

结果

HBV下调MAVS、NF-κB 、IRF3 mRNA表达(t=6.66, P=0.003; t=14.18, P<0.001; t=3.70, P=0.021)及MAVS、NF-κB、pNF-κB蛋白表达(t=3.42, P=0.042; t=4.23, P=0.013; t=4.86, P=0.008),抑制抗病毒因子IFN-β的产生(t=9.83, P=0.010);沉默HTR8-S/Vneo中MAVS下调MAVS mRNA及蛋白表达(t=31.20, P<0.001; t=6.53, P=0.023),抑制PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应中IFN-β的产生(t=5.46, P=0.032),降低CD4+T细胞比例(t=9.07, P=0.001);过表达MAVS则上调MAVS mRNA及蛋白表达(t=-34.26, P<0.001; t=-5.11, P=0.036),诱导PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应中IFN-β的产生(t=-7.04, P=0.020),CD4+T细胞比例数值上升高(t=-0.73, P=0.506)。

结论

HBV可抑制HTR8-S/Vneo中MAVS信号通路;过表达MAVS则促进PBMC乙肝疫苗的免疫反应。

MAVS  /  信号通路  /  乙型肝炎疫苗  /  免疫反应
Objective

To investigate the effect and mechanism of HBV-stimulated HTR8-S/Vneo mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling pathway on the immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) to hepatitis B vaccine.

Methods

The HTR8-S/Vneo were co-incubated with serum of HBV-DNA positive patients. MAVS siRNA transfection was hereby applied for silencing of MAVS and MAVS plasmid transfection was applied for overexpression of MAVS in HTR8-S/Vneo. We then cocultured them with human immune cells assembly PBMC and subsequently stimulated with hepatitis B vaccine. The mRNA and protein expression levels of MAVS, NF-κB, pNF-κB, IRF3 and pIRF3 in HTR8-S/Vneo were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and flow cytometry (FCM). The levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-β and IL-17 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the proportion of CD4+T cell were detected by flow cytometry. The data were analyzed for t test.

Results

HBV down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of MAVS, NF-κB, IRF3 (t=6.66, P=0.003; t=14.18, P<0.001; t=3.70, P=0.021) and the protein expression levels of MAVS, NF-κB, pNF-κB (t=3.42, P=0.042; t=4.23, P=0.013; t=4.86, P=0.008), and inhibited the production of IFN-β (t=9.83, P=0.010). Silencing MAVS down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of MAVS (t=31.20, P<0.001; t=6.53, P=0.023), inhibited the expression of IFN-β (t=5.46, P=0.032), and reduced the proportion of CD4+T cells in PBMC (t=9.07, P=0.001). Overexpression of MAVS induced IFN-β production (t=-34.26, P<0.001; t=-5.11, P=0.036), but the proportion of CD4+T cells did not show significant effect (t=-0.73, P=0.506).

Conclusion

HBV can inhibit the MAVS signaling pathway in HTR8-S/Vneo. Overexpression of MAVS could promote the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in PBMC.

MAVS  /  Signal pathway  /  Hepatitis B vaccine  /  Immune response
任朝敏, 赵甜静, 陈转转, 姚添, 王科科, 张德梅, 冯永亮, 王素萍. HBV刺激下滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路对PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应影响的研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (6) : 1077 -1082 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311043
Chao-min REN, Tian-jing ZHAO, Zhuan-zhuan CHEN, Tian YAO, Ke-ke WANG, De-mei ZHANG, Yong-liang FENG, Su-ping WANG. Effects of MAVS signaling pathway in HTR8-S/Vneo stimulated by HBV on PBMC immune response to hepatitis B vaccine[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (6) : 1077 -1082 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311043
乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(Hepatitis B Surface Antigen,HBsAg)阳性母亲婴儿乙肝疫苗无/弱应答率(12.31%~51.72%)[1-2]远高于一般人群(5%~10%)[3-5],但具体机制未明。天然免疫的激活是乙肝疫苗免疫应答的“首要环节”,在乙肝疫苗免疫应答的过程中发挥重要作用[6-7]。线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白(Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein,MAVS)是线粒体中发现的第一个与天然免疫相关的蛋白质,活化后可激活NF-κB,驱动IFN-β介导的抗病毒免疫的产生[8-9],而MAVS活化后又可控制滤泡辅助性T细胞(Tfh)和B细胞的分化[10],调节特异性免疫应答,是连接天然免疫和适应性免疫的桥梁。且已有研究表明,MAVS信号通路对增强西尼罗河病毒疫苗及结核分枝杆菌Ag85A DAN疫苗的保护性免疫反应至关重要[11-12],上述研究提示MAVS信号通路可能在乙肝疫苗免疫应答中具有重要作用。
HBsAg阳性母亲婴儿长期处于HBV高危环境中,孕妇体内HBV可进入胎盘,导致MAVS信号通路活化异常[13],进一步在体外实验中发现1.3倍HBV全基因重组质粒(pcDNA3.1-HBV3.1)或乙型肝炎病毒e抗原(Hepatitis B e Antigen,HBeAg)刺激胎盘滋养层细胞可抑制细胞内MAVS及其下游信号传递[14-15],上述研究提示HBV进入胎盘可抑制滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路,但滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路的异常活化是否影响婴儿乙肝疫苗免疫应答效果,国内外未见报道。基于上述研究,我们推测HBV可能通过抑制滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路影响婴儿乙肝疫苗免疫应答,而活化滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路能否减弱HBV刺激对婴儿的免疫损伤,提高HBsAg阳性母亲婴儿乙肝疫苗免疫应答,成为揭示HBsAg阳性母亲婴儿乙肝疫苗无/弱应答机制的关键。
因此,本研究采用HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo,模拟HBsAg阳性母亲婴儿宫内HBV高危环境,采用MAVS过表达质粒/siRNA转染HTR8-S/Vneo,将其外周血单个核细胞(Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell,PBMC)共培养后给予乙肝疫苗刺激,模拟调整滋养层细胞MAVS信号通路后,婴儿接种乙肝疫苗,血液中免疫细胞比例及细胞因子表达水平发生变化的过程,探讨调节胎盘滋养层细胞MAVS对PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应的影响及其作用机制,为阐明HBsAg阳性母亲婴儿乙肝疫苗无/弱应答机制提供新思路。
HTR8-S/Vneo为人绒毛膜滋养层细胞,购自北纳创联生物科技有限公司(BNCC);采集健康献血者肘静脉血,经密度梯度离心法获得PBMC;分离慢性乙肝病人血清(HBV DNA=5.49×108 IU/ml);本研究方案经山西医科大学医学伦理委员会审批(批号:2018LL323)。
胎牛血清购自美国Gibco公司;RPMI 1640培养基购自美国HyClone公司;MAVS(64568-1)过表达质粒购自上海吉凯基因医学科技股份有限公司;MAVS siRNA 序列购自上海吉玛制药技术有限公司;TRIgent总RNA提取试剂购自北京聚合美生物科技有限公司;RNA反转录试剂盒GoScriptTM Reverse Transcription Mix,Oligo(dT)和qPCR试剂盒GoTaq qPCR Master Mix(Promega)均购自美国Promega公司;白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、干扰素-β(IFN-β)ELISA试剂盒购自武汉云克隆科技股份有限公司,白细胞介素-17(IL-17)ELISA试剂盒购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司;IC Fixation Buffer及Permeabilization Buffer购自美国eBioscience公司;藻红蛋白(Phycoerythrin,PE)标记的抗MAVS、磷酸化NF-κB p65(pNF-κB p65)和磷酸化IRF3(pIRF3)及同型抗体购自CST公司;别藻蓝蛋白(Allophycocyanin,APC)标记的抗NF-κB p65、IRF3抗体均购自美国R&D公司;藻红蛋白标记的抗CD4抗体,异硫氰酸荧光素(Fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)标记的CD3抗体均购自美国Bdbiosciences公司。
CKX41显微镜(OLYMPUS,日本),SIM-F140制冰器(SANYO,日本),Millli-Q Century超纯水仪(Millipore,美国),CytoFLEX流式细胞仪(Beckman,美国),5417R高速冷冻离心机(Eppendorf,德国),Mastercycler gradient梯度PCR仪(Eppendorf,德国),Bio-Rad CFX connect TM实时荧光定量PCR仪(Bio-Rad,德国)。
HTR8-S/Vneo铺板前加入HBV DNA(1.00×106 IU/ml)血清刺激细胞,采用含10%胎牛血清、1%青、链霉素、1%谷氨酰胺的RPMI 1640培养基,于37℃、5%CO2细胞培养箱中进行常规培养24h,检测MAVS信号通路相关分子了解HBV对HTR8-S/Vneo中MAVS信号通路的影响;将HBV刺激后的HTR8-S/Vneo分为4组,每组设3个平行样,分别接受如下处理:MAVS过表达组给予过表达质粒转染、空载体对照组给予空载体质粒转染;MAVS沉默组给予干扰序列MAVS-Homo-724:sense: 5’-CAC AGG GUC AGU UGU AUC UTT-3’, antisense: 5’-AGA UAC AAC UGA CCC UGU GTT-3’ 转染、阴性对照组给予阴性序列si-NC转染;上述4组HTR8-S/Vneo分别与1.00×106个PBMC共培养,留取共培养前后的细胞悬液,共培养前的细胞悬液用于检测MAVS表达,共培养后的细胞悬液用于检测细胞因子水平及CD4+T细胞比例,探讨HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后过表达/沉默MAVS对PBMC的影响;HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后,过表达/沉默MAVS并与PBMC共培养,同时加入0.05 μg/ml的乙肝疫苗刺激12h,留取乙肝疫苗干预前后细胞悬液,干预前细胞悬液用于检测MAVS表达 ;干预后细胞悬液用于检测细胞因子水平及CD4+T细胞比例,探讨HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后过表达/沉默MAVS 对PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫反应的影响。
收集各组细胞,按照TRIgent说明书提取细胞总RNA,以NanoDrop One微量紫外可见分光光度计检测RNA纯度与浓度,取1 μg 总RNA反转录合成cDNA,按试剂盒说明操作。取0.1 μg cDNA作为模板与相应的引物进行荧光定量PCR,反应条件为95℃ 10 min;95℃ 15 s,60℃ 1 min,39 个循环。β-actin用作内参对照。MAVS正向引物为5’-ATCCAAAGTGCCTACTAGCATG-3’,反向引物为5’-TATTCTCAGAGCTGCTGTCTAG-3’;核因子 kappa B(NF-κB)正向引物为5’-AGGCTCCTGTGCGTGTCTCC-3’,反向引物为5’-TCGTCTGTATCTGGCAGGTACTGG’;干扰素调节因子 3(IRF3)正向引物为5’-GCAGGAGGATTTCGGAATCTTC-3’,反向引物为5’-GGAAATTCCTCTTCCAGGTTGG-3’;β-actin正向引物为5’-TGGCACCCAGCACAATGAA-3’,反向引物为CTAAGTCATAGTCCGCCTAGAAGCA-3’;以2-ΔΔct值反映实验组目的基因mRNA的表达相对于对照组的变化倍数。
各管细胞加100μl IC Fixation Buffer,室温避光孵育20 min,1 ml 1×Permeabilization Buffer室温孵育5 min,洗1次。MAVS蛋白检测:重悬细胞后各管分别加入MAVS-PE及同型抗体,室温避光孵育30 min,PBS洗1次后重悬上机;NF-κB p65、pNF-κB p65、IRF3、pIRF3蛋白检测:1 ml Foxp3室温避光孵育30 min,洗1次,重悬细胞后各管分别加NF-κB-APC、IRF3-APC、pNF-κB-PE、pIRF3-PE及同型抗体,室温避光孵育30 min,PBS洗2次后重悬上机。
按照ELISA试剂盒说明书进行操作。
各管细胞加入CD3-FITC、CD4-PE抗体,室温避光孵育30 min,PBS洗1次后重悬上机。
采用CytoExpert 2.3.1.22 软件分析流式细胞术检测数据,以平均荧光强度(MFI)表示蛋白表达量;采用SPSS 23.0软件进行数据整理和统计分析,定量数据以“”表示;采用独立样本t检验进行组间比较;显著性检验水准α=0.05。
HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后,HBV刺激组MAVS、NF-κB、IRF3 mRNA相对表达量均低于对照组(t=6.66, P=0.003; t=14.18, P<0.001; t=3.70, P=0.021);MAVS、NF-κB和pNF-κB的蛋白平均荧光强度(MFI)均低于对照组(t=3.42, P=0.042; t=4.23, P=0.013; t=4.86, P=0.008);而IRF3和pIRF3的MFI两组间无统计学差异(t=2.51, P=0.066; t=1.52, P=0.202);另外,HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后,IFN-β的表达量低于对照组(t=9.83, P=0.010),IL-2、IL-6、IL-17两组间没有统计学意义(t=-1.87, P=0.135; t=-1.26, P=0.276; t=1.21, P=0.350)(图1)。上述结果表明HBV可以抑制MAVS介导的NF-κB信号通路,进而抑制IFN-β的表达。
HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后,过表达MAVS,MAVS mRNA相对表达量和MFI均高于空载体对照组(t=-34.26, P<0.001; t=-5.11, P=0.036);而沉默MAVS,MAVS mRNA相对表达量和MFI均低于阴性对照组(t=31.20, P<0.001; t=6.53, P=0.023)(图2)。结果表明,在HBV刺激的HTR8-S/Vneo中成功转染了MAVS过表达质粒和siRNA,并分别过表达和沉默了MAVS的表达。
HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo细胞后,过表达MAVS并与PBMC共培养,CD4+T细胞比例和IFN-β的表达均高于空载体对照组(t=-3.04, P=0.038; t=-5.20, P=0.035),IL-2、IL-6、IL-17两组间没有统计学意义(t=-3.06, P=0.092; t=1.37, P=0.244; t=0.48, P=0.676);而沉默MAVS后,CD4+T细胞比例和IFN-β的表达均低于阴性对照组(t=9.47, P=0.001; t=-5.70, P=0.029),IL-2、IL-6、IL-17两组间没有统计学意义(t=3.30, P=0.081; t=-0.53, P=0.622; t=2.50, P=0.129)(图3)。结果表明,HBV刺激的HTR8-S/Vneo细胞可通过提高MAVS进而提升PBMC中CD4+T细胞比例和IFN-β的表达,对IL-2、IL-6、IL-17没有明显作用;相反,沉默MAVS可降低PBMC中CD4+T细胞比例和IFN-β的表达,对IL-2、IL-6、IL-17没有明显作用。
HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后过表达MAVS,将其与PBMC共培养并给予乙肝疫苗刺激,过表达MAVS组CD4+T细胞比例数值上高于空载体对照组(t=-0.73, P=0.506),IFN-β的表达高于空载体对照组(t=-7.04, P=0.020),IL-2、IL-6、IL-17均未发现差异有统计学意义(t=-0.12, P=0.915; t=1.35, P=0.249; t=-0.77, P=0.524);沉默MAVS组CD4+T细胞比例和IFN-β的表达均低于siRNA对照组(t=9.07, P=0.001; t=5.46, P=0.032),IL-2、IL-6、IL-17均未发现差异有统计学意义(t=-2.21, P=0.092; t=0.71, P=0.517; t=1.87, P=0.202)(图4)。结果表明,HBV刺激的HTR8-S/Vneo细胞可通过提高MAVS进而提升PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫应答IFN-β的表达,CD4+T细胞比例、IL-2、IL-6和IL-17尚未显示出明显作用;相反,HBV刺激的HTR8-S/Vneo细胞可通过抑制MAVS进而降低PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫应答中IFN-β的表达和CD4+T细胞比例,IL-2、IL-6和IL-17尚未显示出明显作用。
HBsAg阳性母亲婴儿长期处于HBV高危环境中,乙肝疫苗无/弱应答率远高于一般人群,HBV感染风险高,揭示该人群乙肝疫苗无/弱应答机制是控制婴儿及成人期乙肝及HBV感染相关疾病发生率的关键,对实现WHO提出的2030年消除病毒性肝炎目标具有重要意义。
天然免疫信号通路在乙肝疫苗免疫应答的过程中发挥重要作用,其中MAVS蛋白是线粒体中首个发现与天然免疫相关的蛋白,活化的MAVS既可通过刺激下游的IKKα / β激活NF-κB,也可通过刺激下游的TANK结合激酶1(TBK1)和核因子κB激酶抑制剂-ε(IKK-ε)激活NF-κB,诱导Ⅰ型干扰素(IFN)产生,在调节宿主天然免疫信号通路中发挥重要作用[16-18]。Li等[19]研究表明向人肝癌HepG2细胞中瞬时转染HBV DNA,可明显降低细胞中MAVS mRNA的表达水平。其他研究进一步发现,HBV可通过促进MAVS蛋白中的Lys136泛素化,促使MAVS降解,也可通过与MAVS蛋白结合,降低其稳定性,抑制IFN-β的产生[20-21]。相类似地,本研究用HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo后,发现HBV下调MAVS、NF-κB及pNF-κB表达,抑制IFN-β的产生,结果表明HBV可抑制MAVS介导的NF-κB信号通路。
目前未见MAVS信号通路活化在乙肝疫苗免疫应答中的相关报道,但有学者探索了MAVS信号通路与其他疫苗的关系,Luo等[11]研究显示,在西尼罗河病毒疫苗——NS4B-P38G疫苗接种期间,MAVS对提高最佳的初始CD4+T细胞应答至关重要。另有研究发现,在树突状细胞系(DC2.4)中,Ag85A DNA疫苗通过上调MAVS信号转导通路产生更有效的保护性免疫反应[12]。PBMC细胞比例和细胞因子表达水平等相关检测指标可在体外研究中反映免疫应答,在体外免疫反应的相关研究中具有重要作用[22-24]。本研究用HBV刺激HTR8-S/Vneo细胞后过表达MAVS,将其与PBMC共培养并给予乙肝疫苗刺激,发现IFN-β的表达明显升高;沉默MAVS发现IFN-β的表达及CD4+T细胞比例明显降低。既往研究表明,IFN-β可直接作用于抗原提呈细胞(Antigen Presenting Cell,APC),进而增强APC及T细胞、B细胞等细胞免疫应答水平,且能刺激初始T细胞分化为CD4+T细胞,连接天然免疫和适应性免疫应答[25-26],CD4+T细胞是乙肝疫苗接种后刺激B细胞分化为浆细胞产生保护性抗体的关键细胞[27-28],提示IFN-β和CD4+T细胞在抗原提呈、T细胞分化及保护性抗体产生等在乙肝疫苗免疫反应的多个阶段发挥着重要作用。因此,本文创新性地发现了过表达MAVS可提高乙肝疫苗免疫反应。本研究结果表明新生儿长期处于HBV感染的高危环境中,沉默MAVS可进一步抑制乙肝疫苗免疫应答,过表达MAVS可提高IFN-β的表达水平及CD4+T细胞比例,减弱HBV刺激对PBMC乙肝疫苗免疫应答的不利影响,进而可能提高乙肝疫苗免疫效果,提示MAVS激动剂或IFN-β可用作乙肝疫苗佐剂,逆转HBsAg阳性母亲婴儿乙肝疫苗无/弱应答。
综上所述,本文发现HBV可抑制HTR8-S/Vneo中MAVS信号通路,而过表达MAVS可促进PBMC乙肝疫苗的免疫反应。本研究初步阐释了过表达MAVS增强乙肝疫苗免疫应答的分子机制,为逆转乙肝疫苗无/弱应答及乙肝疫苗佐剂的研发提供了科学依据,对实现WHO提出的2030年消除病毒性肝炎目标具有一定的意义。
  • 国家自然科学基金(81872677)
  • 国家自然科学基金(82073622)
  • 山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021211122)
  • 山西医科大学第一医院博士启动基金(YB2201)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311043
  • 接收时间:2023-11-02
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2024-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-02
基金
国家自然科学基金(81872677)
国家自然科学基金(82073622)
山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021211122)
山西医科大学第一医院博士启动基金(YB2201)
作者信息
    1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,山西 太原 030001
    2.山西医科大学第一临床医学院
    3.山西医科大学第一医院
    4.太原市血液中心

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total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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