Article(id=1240375115175743828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311339, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1700150400000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773658072512, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1711296000000, pubDateStr=2024-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773658072512, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773658072512, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658072512, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240375105386238038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='6', pageStart='961', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773658070179, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658539618, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240377074414833974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240377074414833975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=961, endPage=965, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240375115427402079, articleId=1240375115175743828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Associations and dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis in the population of Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou, columnId=1228016567443718970, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods Advances, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To evaluate the dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis in minority populations in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou Province.

Methods

Based on the cross-sectional survey data of the "China Multi-ethnic Cohort Study", 17 084 adults aged 30-79 from the Buyi, Dong and Miao ethnic groups in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou Province were included. The association between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis was analyzed using logistic regression models, and their dose-response relationship with cholelithiasis was studied using restricted cubic spline models.

Results

The overall prevalence of cholelithiasis in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions was 9.0%, with women at 9.6% higher than men at 7.5%. There were statistically significant differences between the cholelithiasis group and the non-cholelithiasis group in terms of gender, age, ethnicity, smoking history, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, BMI, LAP, VAI, WHtR, WHR, WC, weight, TG, HDL-C and GLU (P<0.001). Compared to the non-cholelithiasis group, the cholelithiasis group had higher age, weight, TG, GLU, BMI, VAI, LAP, WHtR, WHR, WC. In the logistic regression model, after adjusting for confounding factors, BMI, WC, WHtR, LAP, WHR were all statistically significant. As the values of obesity indicators increased, the risk of cholelithiasis also increased. Further analysis of their dose-response relationship revealed a nonlinear increasing trend in the association strength with cholelithiasis as the levels of BMI (P Nonlinear=0.004 6), LAP (P Nonlinear=0.000 4), WC (P Nonlinear=0.042 2), WHR (P Nonlinear=0.021) increased. As the level of WHtR (P Nonlinear=0.210 7) increased, the association strength with cholelithiasis showed a linear increasing trend.

Conclusion

Among the ethnic minorities in the Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou, there is a linear and nonlinear dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and gallstone disease. Advocating for residents to strengthen obesity control and prevention is an important means to reduce the incidence of gallstone disease.

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目的

评估贵州省黔南黔东南地区少数民族肥胖指标与胆石症的剂量-反应关系。

方法

基于“中国多民族队列研究”的横断面调查数据,纳入17 084名贵州省黔南黔东南地区布依族、侗族、苗族 30~79岁成年人。采用 logistic回归模型分析肥胖指标与胆石症的关联性,应用限制性立方样条模型分析它们与胆石症的剂量-反应关系。

结果

黔南黔东南地区胆石症的总体患病率为9.0%,女性9.6%高于男性7.5%;胆石症组和非胆石症组在性别、年龄、民族、吸烟史、高血压、高脂血症、BMI、LAP、VAI、WHtR、WHR、WC、体重、TG、HDL-C和GLU方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),相较非胆石症组,胆石症组中年龄、体重、TG、GLU、BMI、VAI、LAP、WHtR、WHR、WC更高。Logistic回归模型中,调整混杂因素后,BMI、WC、WHtR、LAP、WHR均有统计学意义,随着肥胖指标数值的增加,胆石症的患病风险亦随之增加。进一步对他们进行剂量-反应关系分析发现,随着BMI(P Nonlinear=0.004 6)、LAP(P Nonlinear=0.000 4)、WC(P Nonlinear=0.042 2)、WHR(P Nonlinear=0.021)水平的上升,其与胆石症患病的关联强度呈非线性上升趋势。随着WHtR(P Nonlinear=0.210 7)水平的上升,其与胆石症患病的关联强度呈线性上升趋势。

结论

贵州黔南黔东南地区少数民族中,肥胖指标与胆石症之间存在线性、非线性剂量-反应关系。倡导居民加强肥胖的控制和预防,是减轻胆石症患病的重要手段。

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曾奇兵,E-mail:
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姚云骞(1988—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:疾病预防与控制

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Electronic Jourmal of Metabolism and Nutrition of Cancer, 2023, 10(3): 430-436., articleTitle=Advances in effect of bile acid metabolism on cholesterol gallstone disease, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240746301722259787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, awardId=2017YFC0907301, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0907301), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240746301822923090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, awardId=黔科合平台人才[2018]5403, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5403), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240746298517811343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240746298534588560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, companyId=1240746298517811343, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240746298547171473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, companyId=1240746298517811343, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240746301000839441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis, figureFileSmall=BaJ8kMLWvTdj8pLx4STUfw==, figureFileBig=ZrU80C8VvHnPzRjQJx2XVQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746301135057180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, language=CN, label=图1, caption=肥胖指标与胆石症的剂量-反应关系

注:针对年龄、性别、民族、文化程度、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、TG、HDL-C、GLU调整了混杂因素分析。(A)BMI与胆结石的关联;(B)LAP与胆结石的关联;(C)VAI与胆结石的关联;(D)WC与胆结石的关联;(E)WHR与胆结石的关联;(F)WHtR与胆结石的关联。

, figureFileSmall=BaJ8kMLWvTdj8pLx4STUfw==, figureFileBig=ZrU80C8VvHnPzRjQJx2XVQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746301248303398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375115175743828, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of the study subjects

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量合计(n=17 084)非胆石症(n=15 553)胆石症(n=1 531)统计量P
人口统计学
性别21.93<0.001
5 812(33.93)5 374(34.59)438(28.61)
11 272(66.07)10 179(65.41)1 093(71.39)
年龄(岁)51.84(44.29,60.72)51.61(44.12,60.53)53.41(46.32,61.89)-5.95a<0.001
身高(cm)154.50(149.60,160.20)154.61(149.59,160.21)153.89(149.38,159.71)-2.48a0.013
体重(kg)57.61(51.18,64.72)57.53(51.09,64.51)59.38(52.82,66.21)-6.22a<0.001
民族34.28<0.001
侗族6 542(38.28)5 850(37.56)692(45.17)
布依族5 510(32.31)5 080(32.72)430(28.12)
苗族5 032(29.51)4 623(29.72)409(26.71)
教育程度14.130.015
未正规上学7 462(43.65)6 810(43.77)652(42.59)
小学2 943(17.23)2 689(17.31)254(16.61)
初中3 528(20.72)3 228(20.82)300(19.58)
高中(中专、技校)1 506(8.77)1 364(8.78)142(9.32)
大专952(5.61)837(5.41)115(7.49)
大学(包括研究生)693(4.12)625(4.01)68(4.41)
生活行为
吸烟史16.38<0.001
不吸烟13 675(80.09)12 394(79.66)1 281(83.73)
吸烟2 773(16.19)2 580(16.62)193(12.59)
已戒烟635(3.72)578(3.72)57(3.68)
婚姻状态1.750.627
已婚/同居14 963(87.56)13 637(87.68)1 326(86.57)
离异/分居533(3.12)482(3.11)51(3.32)
丧偶1 447(8.51)1 305(8.39)142(9.33)
从未结婚141(0.81)129(0.82)12(0.78)
现病史
高血压10.10<0.001
2 958(17.31)2 648(16.88)310(20.22)
14 126(82.69)12 905(83.12)1 221(79.78)
糖尿病5.210.022
674(3.89)597(3.81)77(4.95)
16 410(96.11)14 956(96.19)1 454(95.05)
高脂血症19.56<0.001
581(3.41)499(3.19)82(5.42)
16 503(96.59)15 054(96.81)1 449(94.58)
肝病(慢性肝炎/肝硬化)0.690.406
259(1.51)232(1.48)27(1.78)
16 825(98.49)15 321(98.52)1 504(98.22)
肥胖指标
BMI(kg/m224.09(21.76,26.47)24.01(21.69,26.41)24.89(22.51,27.22)-8.89a<0.001
LAP32.37(17.55,56.56)31.88(17.05,55.48)39.18(22.28,68.09)-9.43a<0.001
WHtR0.53(0.49,0.58)0.53(0.49,0.58)0.55(0.51,0.59)-10.76a<0.001
VAI1.64(1.06,2.64)1.62(1.04,2.59)1.86(1.19,3.06)-7.62a<0.001
WHR0.90(0.85,0.95)0.89(0.85,0.95)0.92(0.87,0.97)-9.66a<0.001
WC(cm)83.09(76.11,90.02)82.10(75.02,89.31)85.12(79.02,92.33)-10.01a<0.001
臀围91.90(87.50,96.00)91.49(87.01,95.12)92.31(88.19,97.51)-5.37a<0.001
生化指标
TG(mmol/L)1.45(1.04,2.12)1.44(1.03,2.11)1.56(1.10,2.30)-5.09a<0.001
HDL_C(mmol/L)1.47(1.27,1.69)1.47(1.27,1.70)1.44(1.22,1.65)-5.06a<0.001
GLU(mmol/L)5.22(4.90,5.61)5.21(4.90,5.60)5.32(4.97,5.73)-6.52a<0.001
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研究对象基本特征

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变量合计(n=17 084)非胆石症(n=15 553)胆石症(n=1 531)统计量P
人口统计学
性别21.93<0.001
5 812(33.93)5 374(34.59)438(28.61)
11 272(66.07)10 179(65.41)1 093(71.39)
年龄(岁)51.84(44.29,60.72)51.61(44.12,60.53)53.41(46.32,61.89)-5.95a<0.001
身高(cm)154.50(149.60,160.20)154.61(149.59,160.21)153.89(149.38,159.71)-2.48a0.013
体重(kg)57.61(51.18,64.72)57.53(51.09,64.51)59.38(52.82,66.21)-6.22a<0.001
民族34.28<0.001
侗族6 542(38.28)5 850(37.56)692(45.17)
布依族5 510(32.31)5 080(32.72)430(28.12)
苗族5 032(29.51)4 623(29.72)409(26.71)
教育程度14.130.015
未正规上学7 462(43.65)6 810(43.77)652(42.59)
小学2 943(17.23)2 689(17.31)254(16.61)
初中3 528(20.72)3 228(20.82)300(19.58)
高中(中专、技校)1 506(8.77)1 364(8.78)142(9.32)
大专952(5.61)837(5.41)115(7.49)
大学(包括研究生)693(4.12)625(4.01)68(4.41)
生活行为
吸烟史16.38<0.001
不吸烟13 675(80.09)12 394(79.66)1 281(83.73)
吸烟2 773(16.19)2 580(16.62)193(12.59)
已戒烟635(3.72)578(3.72)57(3.68)
婚姻状态1.750.627
已婚/同居14 963(87.56)13 637(87.68)1 326(86.57)
离异/分居533(3.12)482(3.11)51(3.32)
丧偶1 447(8.51)1 305(8.39)142(9.33)
从未结婚141(0.81)129(0.82)12(0.78)
现病史
高血压10.10<0.001
2 958(17.31)2 648(16.88)310(20.22)
14 126(82.69)12 905(83.12)1 221(79.78)
糖尿病5.210.022
674(3.89)597(3.81)77(4.95)
16 410(96.11)14 956(96.19)1 454(95.05)
高脂血症19.56<0.001
581(3.41)499(3.19)82(5.42)
16 503(96.59)15 054(96.81)1 449(94.58)
肝病(慢性肝炎/肝硬化)0.690.406
259(1.51)232(1.48)27(1.78)
16 825(98.49)15 321(98.52)1 504(98.22)
肥胖指标
BMI(kg/m224.09(21.76,26.47)24.01(21.69,26.41)24.89(22.51,27.22)-8.89a<0.001
LAP32.37(17.55,56.56)31.88(17.05,55.48)39.18(22.28,68.09)-9.43a<0.001
WHtR0.53(0.49,0.58)0.53(0.49,0.58)0.55(0.51,0.59)-10.76a<0.001
VAI1.64(1.06,2.64)1.62(1.04,2.59)1.86(1.19,3.06)-7.62a<0.001
WHR0.90(0.85,0.95)0.89(0.85,0.95)0.92(0.87,0.97)-9.66a<0.001
WC(cm)83.09(76.11,90.02)82.10(75.02,89.31)85.12(79.02,92.33)-10.01a<0.001
臀围91.90(87.50,96.00)91.49(87.01,95.12)92.31(88.19,97.51)-5.37a<0.001
生化指标
TG(mmol/L)1.45(1.04,2.12)1.44(1.03,2.11)1.56(1.10,2.30)-5.09a<0.001
HDL_C(mmol/L)1.47(1.27,1.69)1.47(1.27,1.70)1.44(1.22,1.65)-5.06a<0.001
GLU(mmol/L)5.22(4.90,5.61)5.21(4.90,5.60)5.32(4.97,5.73)-6.52a<0.001
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Logistic association analysis between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis incidence

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变量模型1模型2
OR值(95% CI)POR值(95% CI)P
VAI1.043(1.028~1.058)<0.0011.017(0.980~1.055)0.384
WHtR80.659(36.114~180.152)<0.00126.914(10.926~66.301)<0.001
LAP1.003(1.002~1.004)<0.0011.059(1.042~1.076)<0.001
BMI1.067(1.052~1.083)<0.0011.059(1.042~1.076)<0.001
WHR34.361(16.985~69.514)<0.00114.317(6.537~31.360)<0.001
WC1.027(1.022~1.032)<0.0011.023(1.017~1.029)<0.001
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肥胖指标与胆结石患病logistic关联性分析

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变量模型1模型2
OR值(95% CI)POR值(95% CI)P
VAI1.043(1.028~1.058)<0.0011.017(0.980~1.055)0.384
WHtR80.659(36.114~180.152)<0.00126.914(10.926~66.301)<0.001
LAP1.003(1.002~1.004)<0.0011.059(1.042~1.076)<0.001
BMI1.067(1.052~1.083)<0.0011.059(1.042~1.076)<0.001
WHR34.361(16.985~69.514)<0.00114.317(6.537~31.360)<0.001
WC1.027(1.022~1.032)<0.0011.023(1.017~1.029)<0.001
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贵州黔南黔东南地区人群肥胖指标与胆石症的关联性及剂量反应关系的研究
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姚云骞 , 王子云 , 洪峰 , 曾奇兵
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024,51(6): 961-965
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024, 51(6): 961-965
贵州黔南黔东南地区人群肥胖指标与胆石症的关联性及剂量反应关系的研究
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姚云骞, 王子云, 洪峰, 曾奇兵
作者信息
  • 贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
  • 姚云骞(1988—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:疾病预防与控制

通讯作者:

曾奇兵,E-mail:
Associations and dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis in the population of Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou
Yun-qian YAO, Zi-yun WANG, Feng HONG, Qi-bing ZENG
Affiliations
  • The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
出版时间: 2024-03-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311339
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目的

评估贵州省黔南黔东南地区少数民族肥胖指标与胆石症的剂量-反应关系。

方法

基于“中国多民族队列研究”的横断面调查数据,纳入17 084名贵州省黔南黔东南地区布依族、侗族、苗族 30~79岁成年人。采用 logistic回归模型分析肥胖指标与胆石症的关联性,应用限制性立方样条模型分析它们与胆石症的剂量-反应关系。

结果

黔南黔东南地区胆石症的总体患病率为9.0%,女性9.6%高于男性7.5%;胆石症组和非胆石症组在性别、年龄、民族、吸烟史、高血压、高脂血症、BMI、LAP、VAI、WHtR、WHR、WC、体重、TG、HDL-C和GLU方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),相较非胆石症组,胆石症组中年龄、体重、TG、GLU、BMI、VAI、LAP、WHtR、WHR、WC更高。Logistic回归模型中,调整混杂因素后,BMI、WC、WHtR、LAP、WHR均有统计学意义,随着肥胖指标数值的增加,胆石症的患病风险亦随之增加。进一步对他们进行剂量-反应关系分析发现,随着BMI(P Nonlinear=0.004 6)、LAP(P Nonlinear=0.000 4)、WC(P Nonlinear=0.042 2)、WHR(P Nonlinear=0.021)水平的上升,其与胆石症患病的关联强度呈非线性上升趋势。随着WHtR(P Nonlinear=0.210 7)水平的上升,其与胆石症患病的关联强度呈线性上升趋势。

结论

贵州黔南黔东南地区少数民族中,肥胖指标与胆石症之间存在线性、非线性剂量-反应关系。倡导居民加强肥胖的控制和预防,是减轻胆石症患病的重要手段。

肥胖  /  胆石症  /  关联性  /  剂量-反应关系  /  贵州
Objective

To evaluate the dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis in minority populations in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou Province.

Methods

Based on the cross-sectional survey data of the "China Multi-ethnic Cohort Study", 17 084 adults aged 30-79 from the Buyi, Dong and Miao ethnic groups in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou Province were included. The association between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis was analyzed using logistic regression models, and their dose-response relationship with cholelithiasis was studied using restricted cubic spline models.

Results

The overall prevalence of cholelithiasis in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions was 9.0%, with women at 9.6% higher than men at 7.5%. There were statistically significant differences between the cholelithiasis group and the non-cholelithiasis group in terms of gender, age, ethnicity, smoking history, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, BMI, LAP, VAI, WHtR, WHR, WC, weight, TG, HDL-C and GLU (P<0.001). Compared to the non-cholelithiasis group, the cholelithiasis group had higher age, weight, TG, GLU, BMI, VAI, LAP, WHtR, WHR, WC. In the logistic regression model, after adjusting for confounding factors, BMI, WC, WHtR, LAP, WHR were all statistically significant. As the values of obesity indicators increased, the risk of cholelithiasis also increased. Further analysis of their dose-response relationship revealed a nonlinear increasing trend in the association strength with cholelithiasis as the levels of BMI (P Nonlinear=0.004 6), LAP (P Nonlinear=0.000 4), WC (P Nonlinear=0.042 2), WHR (P Nonlinear=0.021) increased. As the level of WHtR (P Nonlinear=0.210 7) increased, the association strength with cholelithiasis showed a linear increasing trend.

Conclusion

Among the ethnic minorities in the Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou, there is a linear and nonlinear dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and gallstone disease. Advocating for residents to strengthen obesity control and prevention is an important means to reduce the incidence of gallstone disease.

Obesity  /  Cholelithiasis  /  Association  /  Dose-response relationship  /  Guizhou
姚云骞, 王子云, 洪峰, 曾奇兵. 贵州黔南黔东南地区人群肥胖指标与胆石症的关联性及剂量反应关系的研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (6) : 961 -965 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311339
Yun-qian YAO, Zi-yun WANG, Feng HONG, Qi-bing ZENG. Associations and dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis in the population of Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (6) : 961 -965 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311339
胆石症作为最常见的胆道疾病[1],已成为了全球公共卫生问题之一,给医疗系统带来了巨大负担[2]。研究表明,肥胖与胆石症的发生和复发密切相关,多种肥胖指标,如体质量指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)、腰围(Waist Circumference,WC)和腰臀比(Waist-to-Hip Ratio,WHR),已被证实与胆石症的风险增加相关[3-4]。但大多数仅集中在传统肥胖指标与胆结石的关系[5],随着研究的深入,传统的肥胖指标可能无法完全反映与胆石症风险相关的内脏脂肪分布[6]。为弥补传统肥胖指标的不足,一些新型的肥胖指标被相继提出,如内脏脂肪指数(Visceral Fat Index,VAI)、脂质聚集指数(Lipid Aggregation Index,LAP)和腰围身高比(Waist-to-Height Ratio,WHtR)[7]。此外,有研究指出,我国少数民族地区胆结石高发[8],而黔南黔东南地区作为少数民族聚居地,缺乏肥胖指标与胆结石的相关研究。因此,本研究旨在评估该地区肥胖指标与胆石症的发生风险的关系,并进一步探讨其剂量-反应关系,以更好地理解肥胖与胆石症的关联,为预防和治疗胆石症提供新的策略。
本研究基于“西南区域少数民族聚集地世居自然人群队列研究”项目,在2018—2019年间,该项目采用多阶段、分层抽样方法在贵州黔南黔东南地区少数民族中开展基线调查[9]。纳入标准:30~79岁三代世居住侗族、苗族、布依族的常住居民。排除标准:(1)体格和生化指标检查信息缺失者;(2)患有精神疾病和严重身体障碍者;(3)长期使用激素治疗的调查对象。本研究获得了贵州医科大学附属医院医学伦理委员会的审批(伦理审批号:K2016038 2018[094]),所有调查对象均签署了知情同意书。
采用“西南区域少数民族聚集地世居自然人群队列研究”项目组编制的电子问卷,由经过专门培训的调查员,使用平板电脑收集研究对象的一般人口学特征、生活行为方式、健康状况、饮食及体力活动情况等信息。最后,由质控小组评估问卷质量,并将不合格的问卷排除。
包括身高、体重、腰围、臀围测量和腹部B超检查等。在测量体重和身高时,研究对象穿着轻薄的衣服并脱鞋,测量值精确到0.5 kg或0.1cm。腹部B超检查,要求研究对象空腹,由临床经验丰富的B超医生对研究对象进行检查。
血液指标检测总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)以及空腹血糖(FPG)等血生化指标,相关人员严格按照标准进行血液采集。
(1)胆石症:定义为胆囊腔内有或无声影和滚石征的强回声或胆囊淤积。直径为≥1 cm的胆结石为大胆结石。胆囊切除术的定义为患者在超声检查中没有胆囊,并且在体格检查中有相关的胆囊疤痕。(2)糖尿病:既往糖尿病病史或FBG≥7.0 mmol/L。(3)高血压:既往高血压病史且正在服用降压药。(4)吸烟:指吸烟累计超过100支。
体质指数:BMI=体重(kg)/身高2(m2);
腰臀比:WHR=腰围(cm)/臀围(cm);
腰高比:WHtR=腰围(cm)/身高(cm);
脂质聚集指数:LAP(男)=(腰围-65)×TG、LAP(女)=(腰围-58)×TG;
采用SPSS 22.0和R 4.1.2软件进行分析。连续变量由于不服从正态分布,采用中位数(上四分位数~下四分位数)[MP25P75)] 表示,组间比较采Mann-Whitney U检验;分类变量采用频数(n)和构成比(%)描述,组间比较采用 χ2检验。利用二元logistic回归分析模型分析其与胆石症的关联,采用限制性立方样条模型分析肥胖指标与胆石症的剂量-反应关系。检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入17 084名调查对象,其中男性5 812人(34.0%),女性11 272人(66.0%)。黔南黔东南地区少数民族胆石症的总体患病率为9.0%,女性9.6%高于男性7.5%;胆石症组和非胆石症组在性别、年龄、民族、吸烟史、高血压、高脂血症、BMI、LAP、VAI、WHtR、WHR、WC、体重、TG、HDL-C和GLU方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),相较非胆石症组,胆石症组中年龄、体重、TG、GLU、BMI、VAI、LAP、WHtR、WHR、WC更高。见表1
单因素logistic回归分析模型显示,VAI、WHtR、LAP、BMI、WC、WHR是胆石症患病的危险因素。调整年龄、性别、民族、教育程度、TG、HDL-C、GLU、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病和高脂血症等混杂因素后,BMI、WC、WHtR、LAP、WHR均有统计学意义。具体来说,当BMI、LAP、WC每增加一个单位,胆石症患病的风险分别增加了约5.9%、1.9%、2.3%;而WRtR和WHR与胆石症的关系更为显著,当WHtR和WHR每增加一个单位,胆石症患病风险增加了约26.9倍和14.3倍。见表2
图1所示,在调整了混杂变量后,肥胖指标中,随着BMI(P Nonlinear=0.004 6)、LAP(P Nonlinear=0.000 4)、WC(P Nonlinear=0.042 2)、WHR(P Nonlinear=0.021)水平的上升,其与胆石症患病的关联强度呈非线性上升趋势。随着WHtR(P Nonlinear=0.210 7)水平的上升,其与胆石症患病的关联强度呈线性上升趋势。其中,当BMI大于24,胆石症患病风险快速上升,当LAP、WC、WHR和WHtR分别达到32、83、0.9、0.53后,其患胆石症风险较前增加。
本研究结果显示,黔南黔东南地区少数民族胆石症的总体患病率为9.0%。不同地区之间患病率有所差别,亚洲地区是3.1%~10.9%,欧洲国家则更高(5.9%~21.9%)[10-11]。在国内,邓江等[12]研究结果显示西藏的胆石症患病率最高(21.7%),江苏省的胆石症患病率最低(4.2%),这可能是种族和地域差异不同[13]所导致。同时,本研究发现,在侗族、苗族、布依族中胆石症的患病率有所差异,分别是10.6%、7.8%及8.1%,各个民族之间独有的生活方式及饮食习惯亦可能是原因所在。本研究结果还表明,女性检出率显著高于男性。女性是胆石症的一个传统危险因素,可能是雌激素增加了胆汁中胆固醇浓度的潜在能力,从而加重胆固醇结石的形成[14]。另外,本研究表明胆结石发病也与年龄有关,与何慧娅等人[15]研究一致。
胆石症的发生受多种因素的影响[16],长期以来,肥胖被认为是胆石症的一个重要危险因素,因肥胖人群大多数胰岛素过高且胆固醇代谢障碍,使得胆汁胆固醇过饱和,从而形成胆石[17]。与本研究结果一致。BMI作为筛查肥胖的常用指标,在与胆石症关系的研究中较为多见[18],主要体现全身性超重和肥胖[19]。WC作为BMI的补充指标,反映腹部内脏脂肪聚集程度。此外,WHtR能更精准地反映腹型肥胖,但也无法区分脂肪分布。LAP则结合了WC和TG,能很好地反映腹型肥胖的脂肪聚集。WHR是中心型肥胖的重要评价指标,能直接反应腹部皮下脂肪分布。本研究结果显示,传统肥胖指标BMI和WC水平升高可增加胆石症患病风险,这与陶明[20]等的研究一致。同时,新型肥胖指标LAP、WHR和WHtR水平的升高亦可增加胆石症患病风险。VAI考虑了代谢与人体测量因素,能更全面的反映内脏脂肪含量和分布[21],但本研究中VAI无统计学意义。邓华[22]等研究指出,内脏性肥胖患者的结石类型多以单纯草酸钙结石为主,但本研究并未对结石类型进行分类,且胆结石患者中以胆固醇结石最为多见[23],这可能是导致VAI无统计学意义的原因。另外,本研究通过限制性立方样条探索了肥胖指标与胆石症的剂量-反应关系。结果发现:BMI、WC、LAP、WHR与胆石症患病之间存在非线性剂量-反应关系,当WC>83 cm、BMI>24 kg/m2、LAP>32、WHR>0.9时,胆石症患病风险快速上升。WHtR与胆石症患病之间存在线性剂量-反应关系,当WHtR>0.53时,胆石症的患病率呈单调递增趋势且上升明显。值得注意的是,肥胖指标与胆石症的关系研究,大多集中在运用logistic回归模型探讨传统肥胖指标与胆结石的关系,而没有关注变量连续性变化与胆石症患病的动态改变。本研究通过限制性立方样条模型将传统肥胖指标及新型肥胖指标与胆石症患病强度结合,展示了它们与胆石症之间的剂量-反应关系,在目前的研究中鲜有报道,更具有公共卫生指导价值。
本研究的发现为我们提供了有关肥胖与胆结石之间关系的有价值的见解,但仍存在一些局限性。首先,由于本研究采用横断面设计,我们只能得到肥胖指标与胆石症的潜在关联,不能确定因果关系。此外,虽然我们控制了多种混杂因素,但仍可能存在其他未考虑的因素,这些因素可能影响我们的结果。未来的研究需要进一步探讨这些潜在的混杂因素,以及它们与胆结石风险之间的关系。总之,本研究的发现进一步证实了肥胖与胆结石之间的关系,为未来的研究和临床实践提供了有价值的信息。
  • 国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0907301)
  • 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5403)
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2024年第51卷第6期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311339
  • 接收时间:2023-11-17
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2024-03-25
补充材料
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作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-17
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0907301)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5403)
作者信息
    贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311339
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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