Article(id=1240375111241494528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309339, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1694966400000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773658071575, onlineDateStr=2026-03-16, pubDate=1711296000000, pubDateStr=2024-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773658071575, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773658071575, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658071575, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240375105386238038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='6', pageStart='961', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773658070179, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773658539618, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240377074414833974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240377074414833975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240375105386238038, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1147, endPage=1152, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240375111572844565, articleId=1240375111241494528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Information literacy index system for the public health personnel with Dephi method, columnId=1240375111455404044, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Talent Development, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To construct an evaluation index system of information literacy for public health personnel, and to provide reference for assessing the level of information literacy of public health personnel.

Methods

The indicator pool of the indicator system was constructed through the literature research method and combining with the actual work, 19 experts in related fields were invited to conduct two rounds of expert consultation by the Delphi method, so as to determine the final indicators, and the weights of indicators at all levels were determined by the hierarchical analysis method.

Results

The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were greater than 90%, and the expert authority coefficients were 0.895 and 0.922. The expert Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.152 and 0.121, respectively P<0.001, and the differences were all statistically significant. Through two rounds of expert consultation, the evaluation index of information literacy of public health personnel constructed by 4 first-level indicators, 15 second-level indicator systems and 38 third-level indicators of information awareness, information knowledge, information competence and information utilization ethics were finalized.

Conclusion

The index system has certain reliability and scientificity, and can provide a reference basis for measuring the information literacy level of public health personnel.

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目的

构建公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系,为评估公共卫生人员信息素养水平提供参考。

方法

通过文献研究法和结合工作实际,构建指标体系的指标池,采用德尔菲法邀请相关领域19名专家进行两轮专家咨询,从而确定最终指标,运用层次分析法确定各级指标权重。

结果

两轮专家咨询的积极系数均大于90%,专家权威系数分别为0.895和0.922;专家肯德尔协调系数分别为0.152和0.121,P<0.001,差异均有统计学意义。通过两轮专家咨询,最终确定由信息意识、信息知识、信息能力、信息利用伦理4个一级指标、15个二级指标体系和38个三级指标构建的公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标。

结论

该指标体系具备一定的可靠性和科学性,能为测量公共卫生人员信息素养水平提供参考依据。

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张屹立,E-mail:
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李慧(1987—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:疾病控制与医院管理方面的研究

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Medicine & Philosophy, 2022, 43(16): 58-62., articleTitle=Ethical literacy of medical staff in public health information activities and its cultivation, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240746303278346728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, awardId=2023GZGJ108, language=CN, fundingSource=广东省哲学社会科学规划2023年度项目(2023GZGJ108), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240746299557998777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240746299566387385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, companyId=1240746299557998777, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Health Service Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240746299570581690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, companyId=1240746299557998777, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南方医科大学卫生管理学院,广东 广州 510515)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240746299641884862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240746299654467774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, companyId=1240746299641884862, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.南方医科大学第十附属医院(东莞市人民医院))])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240746301894226266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Information literacy evaluation indicator system for public health personnel (preliminary formulation), figureFileSmall=qy1WtSFUwIH90gEih2IAQw==, figureFileBig=1OhwkBU0Ak3eBHXOS2xfzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746302041026917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=CN, label=图1, caption=公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系(初步拟定), figureFileSmall=qy1WtSFUwIH90gEih2IAQw==, figureFileBig=1OhwkBU0Ak3eBHXOS2xfzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240746302158467444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Quantitative table of the basis for expert indicator judgments

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判断依据
实践经验0.50.40.3
理论分析0.30.20.1
参考国内外文献0.10.10.1
直观选择0.10.10.1
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302242353532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

专家指标判断依据量化表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
判断依据
实践经验0.50.40.3
理论分析0.30.20.1
参考国内外文献0.10.10.1
直观选择0.10.10.1
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302317851015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Table of expert indicator familiarity factors

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熟悉程度很熟悉熟悉一般较不熟悉很不熟悉
系数1.00.80.60.40.2
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302473040280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

专家指标熟悉程度系数表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
熟悉程度很熟悉熟悉一般较不熟悉很不熟悉
系数1.00.80.60.40.2
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302544343459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Expert authority factor

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咨询轮次判断依据系数(Ca熟悉程度数(Cs权威系数(Cr
第一轮1.0000.7890.895
第二轮1.0000.8440.922
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302670172585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

专家权威程度系数

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咨询轮次判断依据系数(Ca熟悉程度数(Cs权威系数(Cr
第一轮1.0000.7890.895
第二轮1.0000.8440.922
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302796001717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of the degree of harmonization of the two rounds of expert advice by correspondence

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项目第一轮咨询第二轮咨询
条目数Wχ2P条目数Wχ2P
一级指标40.1317.4610.05940.30716.598<0.001
二级指标160.23165.944<0.001150.13834.6880.002
三级指标380.09667.3100.002380.09462.8600.005
总体580.152164.972<0.001570.121121.869<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302879887803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

两轮专家函询意见的协调程度比较

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项目第一轮咨询第二轮咨询
条目数Wχ2P条目数Wχ2P
一级指标40.1317.4610.05940.30716.598<0.001
二级指标160.23165.944<0.001150.13834.6880.002
三级指标380.09667.3100.002380.09462.8600.005
总体580.152164.972<0.001570.121121.869<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1240746302967968198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240375111241494528, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Information literacy evaluation indicator system for public health personnel

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一级指标二级指标三级指标重要性均值变异系数权重系数组合系数
信息意识(0.512)信息的敏感度(0.250)1.1对公共卫生领域主题知识的敏感性4.78±0.6513.540.5390.135
1.2能够理解所获信息中的潜在信息4.56±0.7817.210.2970.074
1.3能够过滤无用的信息4.44±0.6213.850.1640.041
信息价值意识(0.071)1.4信息的理论价值4.33±0.5913.710.3330.024
1.5信息的应用价值4.56±0.7817.210.6670.047
信息需求意识(0.071)1.6明确信息的需求4.56±0.6213.520.6670.047
1.7具备寻找信息的意愿4.39±0.8519.360.3330.024
信息重要性认识(0.120)1.8信息对于工作的重要性4.61±0.5010.880.6670.080
1.9有关注世界卫生组织、中国疾控中心等组织的最新信息的意识4.50±0.5111.430.3330.040
信息知识(0.238)信息源知识(0.102)2.1了解信息的产生与传播过程4.17±0.7918.860.2500.026
2.2明确各种信息源的价值和适用对象4.44±0.7015.860.7500.076
信息技术知识(0.034)2.3信息技术基础知识4.28±0.7517.580.5000.017
2.4运用信息技术促进自我发展的知识4.28±0.6715.640.5000.017
信息检索知识(0.102)2.5具备公共卫生相关知识背景并能够辨别术语4.50±0.7115.710.5390.055
2.6掌握使用高级检索知识4.33±0.7717.700.2970.030
2.7具备利用英语检索关于公共卫生专业术语的知识4.11±0.9623.430.1640.017
信息能力(0.173)信息获取能力(0.051)3.1熟悉公共卫生工作领域的学术刊物4.44±0.7817.640.4910.025
3.2了解生命科学文献数据库4.33±0.8419.390.1980.010
3.3掌握公共卫生领域文献检索策略4.39±0.8519.360.3120.016
信息评价能力(0.029)3.4对获取的信息及其信息源、检索方式进行鉴别性评价4.22±0.8119.150.6670.019
3.5具有遵循一定规划与方法对信息可信度进行评估的能力4.17±0.7918.860.3330.010
信息处理能力(0.029)3.6对获取的信息进行有效地分析、整合与应用4.61±0.6113.180.5890.017
3.7能够系统真实地记录工作过程中所产生的信息4.28±0.7517.580.2520.007
3.8具备在应急情况下进行网络救援的能力4.11±0.8320.250.1590.005
信息应用能力(0.040)3.9办公软件的应用能力4.56±0.6213.520.3640.015
3.10数据库工具应用能力4.50±0.7115.710.2380.010
3.11信息管理软件应用能力4.28±0.7517.580.1080.004
3.12统计分析软件应用能力4.44±0.7015.860.1820.007
3.13文献分析工具应用能力4.28±0.7517.580.1080.004
信息创新能力(0.012)3.14依据前沿信息发现新信息的能力及提出新观点4.50±0.7115.710.4000.005
3.15能利用所得信息结合公共卫生实践调研完善现有公卫理论以及开展新技能4.44±0.6213.850.2000.002
3.16尝试新思路、新点子去解决公共卫生问题4.50±0.6213.740.4000.005
信息传播能力(0.012)3.17能够融合多学科对公共卫生资料进行融合整理4.28±0.8920.920.6670.008
3.18能够采用合适的方式进行公共卫生信息传播4.06±0.8019.780.3330.004
信息利用伦理(0.078)信息利用伦理规范(0.026)4.1遵守信息安全规则4.72±0.469.760.7500.020
4.2遵循行业公约和伦理规范4.28±0.6715.640.2500.007
知识产权保护(0.052)4.3保护知识产权的意识4.22±0.8820.800.6670.035
4.4合规引用他人信息4.00±0.9724.250.3330.017
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公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系

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一级指标二级指标三级指标重要性均值变异系数权重系数组合系数
信息意识(0.512)信息的敏感度(0.250)1.1对公共卫生领域主题知识的敏感性4.78±0.6513.540.5390.135
1.2能够理解所获信息中的潜在信息4.56±0.7817.210.2970.074
1.3能够过滤无用的信息4.44±0.6213.850.1640.041
信息价值意识(0.071)1.4信息的理论价值4.33±0.5913.710.3330.024
1.5信息的应用价值4.56±0.7817.210.6670.047
信息需求意识(0.071)1.6明确信息的需求4.56±0.6213.520.6670.047
1.7具备寻找信息的意愿4.39±0.8519.360.3330.024
信息重要性认识(0.120)1.8信息对于工作的重要性4.61±0.5010.880.6670.080
1.9有关注世界卫生组织、中国疾控中心等组织的最新信息的意识4.50±0.5111.430.3330.040
信息知识(0.238)信息源知识(0.102)2.1了解信息的产生与传播过程4.17±0.7918.860.2500.026
2.2明确各种信息源的价值和适用对象4.44±0.7015.860.7500.076
信息技术知识(0.034)2.3信息技术基础知识4.28±0.7517.580.5000.017
2.4运用信息技术促进自我发展的知识4.28±0.6715.640.5000.017
信息检索知识(0.102)2.5具备公共卫生相关知识背景并能够辨别术语4.50±0.7115.710.5390.055
2.6掌握使用高级检索知识4.33±0.7717.700.2970.030
2.7具备利用英语检索关于公共卫生专业术语的知识4.11±0.9623.430.1640.017
信息能力(0.173)信息获取能力(0.051)3.1熟悉公共卫生工作领域的学术刊物4.44±0.7817.640.4910.025
3.2了解生命科学文献数据库4.33±0.8419.390.1980.010
3.3掌握公共卫生领域文献检索策略4.39±0.8519.360.3120.016
信息评价能力(0.029)3.4对获取的信息及其信息源、检索方式进行鉴别性评价4.22±0.8119.150.6670.019
3.5具有遵循一定规划与方法对信息可信度进行评估的能力4.17±0.7918.860.3330.010
信息处理能力(0.029)3.6对获取的信息进行有效地分析、整合与应用4.61±0.6113.180.5890.017
3.7能够系统真实地记录工作过程中所产生的信息4.28±0.7517.580.2520.007
3.8具备在应急情况下进行网络救援的能力4.11±0.8320.250.1590.005
信息应用能力(0.040)3.9办公软件的应用能力4.56±0.6213.520.3640.015
3.10数据库工具应用能力4.50±0.7115.710.2380.010
3.11信息管理软件应用能力4.28±0.7517.580.1080.004
3.12统计分析软件应用能力4.44±0.7015.860.1820.007
3.13文献分析工具应用能力4.28±0.7517.580.1080.004
信息创新能力(0.012)3.14依据前沿信息发现新信息的能力及提出新观点4.50±0.7115.710.4000.005
3.15能利用所得信息结合公共卫生实践调研完善现有公卫理论以及开展新技能4.44±0.6213.850.2000.002
3.16尝试新思路、新点子去解决公共卫生问题4.50±0.6213.740.4000.005
信息传播能力(0.012)3.17能够融合多学科对公共卫生资料进行融合整理4.28±0.8920.920.6670.008
3.18能够采用合适的方式进行公共卫生信息传播4.06±0.8019.780.3330.004
信息利用伦理(0.078)信息利用伦理规范(0.026)4.1遵守信息安全规则4.72±0.469.760.7500.020
4.2遵循行业公约和伦理规范4.28±0.6715.640.2500.007
知识产权保护(0.052)4.3保护知识产权的意识4.22±0.8820.800.6670.035
4.4合规引用他人信息4.00±0.9724.250.3330.017
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基于德尔菲法的公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系构建研究
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李慧 1, 2 , 黎可盈 2 , 张屹立 1
现代预防医学 | 人才培养 2024,51(6): 1147-1152
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现代预防医学 | 人才培养 2024, 51(6): 1147-1152
基于德尔菲法的公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系构建研究
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李慧1, 2, 黎可盈2, 张屹立1
作者信息
  • 1.南方医科大学卫生管理学院,广东 广州 510515
  • 2.南方医科大学第十附属医院(东莞市人民医院)
  • 李慧(1987—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:疾病控制与医院管理方面的研究

通讯作者:

张屹立,E-mail:
Information literacy index system for the public health personnel with Dephi method
Hui LI1, 2, Ke-ying LI2, Yi-li ZHANG1
Affiliations
  • School of Health Service Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
出版时间: 2024-03-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309339
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目的

构建公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系,为评估公共卫生人员信息素养水平提供参考。

方法

通过文献研究法和结合工作实际,构建指标体系的指标池,采用德尔菲法邀请相关领域19名专家进行两轮专家咨询,从而确定最终指标,运用层次分析法确定各级指标权重。

结果

两轮专家咨询的积极系数均大于90%,专家权威系数分别为0.895和0.922;专家肯德尔协调系数分别为0.152和0.121,P<0.001,差异均有统计学意义。通过两轮专家咨询,最终确定由信息意识、信息知识、信息能力、信息利用伦理4个一级指标、15个二级指标体系和38个三级指标构建的公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标。

结论

该指标体系具备一定的可靠性和科学性,能为测量公共卫生人员信息素养水平提供参考依据。

公共卫生人员  /  信息素养  /  指标体系  /  德尔菲法
Objective

To construct an evaluation index system of information literacy for public health personnel, and to provide reference for assessing the level of information literacy of public health personnel.

Methods

The indicator pool of the indicator system was constructed through the literature research method and combining with the actual work, 19 experts in related fields were invited to conduct two rounds of expert consultation by the Delphi method, so as to determine the final indicators, and the weights of indicators at all levels were determined by the hierarchical analysis method.

Results

The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were greater than 90%, and the expert authority coefficients were 0.895 and 0.922. The expert Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.152 and 0.121, respectively P<0.001, and the differences were all statistically significant. Through two rounds of expert consultation, the evaluation index of information literacy of public health personnel constructed by 4 first-level indicators, 15 second-level indicator systems and 38 third-level indicators of information awareness, information knowledge, information competence and information utilization ethics were finalized.

Conclusion

The index system has certain reliability and scientificity, and can provide a reference basis for measuring the information literacy level of public health personnel.

Public health personnel  /  Information literacy  /  Indicator system  /  Delphi method
李慧, 黎可盈, 张屹立. 基于德尔菲法的公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系构建研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (6) : 1147 -1152 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309339
Hui LI, Ke-ying LI, Yi-li ZHANG. Information literacy index system for the public health personnel with Dephi method[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (6) : 1147 -1152 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309339
公共卫生是关系到一个国家或一个地区人民群众健康的公共事业,公共卫生机构在保障人民健康、预防疾病方面发挥着至关重要的作用[1]。中共中央与国务院于2016年10月发布的《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》,要求强化覆盖全民性公共卫生服务。公共卫生人员是指接受了公共卫生及相关学科教育并专门从事提高人群健康水平相关工作的人员,主要包括从事对重大疾病尤其是传染病等的预防、监控,对食品、药品、公共环境卫生等监督管制,以及相关卫生宣传、健康教育、免疫接种等工作的公共卫生机构人员[2]。公共卫生人员既承担着保障居民健康的社会重任,也在促进医防融合体系建设中发挥重要作用,因此,国家对公共卫生人员的工作能力提出了较严格的要求[3]
在新冠疫情影响背景下,信息系统的应用在公共卫生应急体系中起着至关重要的作用[4]。医学信息的更新迭代促使获取、利用医学信息等素养能力成为我国医学人才必备的素质[5]。然而,研究发现部分基层公共卫生人员存在信息获取与大数据挖掘应用能力、办公软件操作能力较薄弱等情况,对公共卫生工作的开展造成一定影响[6-8]。相关学者围绕信息素养指标体系开展了一系列的研究,指标构建的过程较为单一,研究对象多集中于医生、医学生及护士等人群[9-10],尚缺乏公共卫生人员信息素养指标体系的构建与实践。因此,本研究拟构建一套可用于完善、全面地评价公共卫生人员信息素养的评价指标体系,为公共卫生人员的信息素养评价提供测量工具,并为政府部门制定相关政策提供参考借鉴。
专家人数通常根据咨询规模确定,最好是15~50人,且一般开展两轮专家咨询便可获得较为可靠的结果[11-12]。专家纳入标准:(1)从事公共卫生管理、医院行政管理、信息管理、图书馆情报等相关研究领域的专家和基层实践者;(2)具有中级及以上职称;(3)相关工作经验不低于5年;(4)学历为硕士及以上学历;(5)自愿参与函询,应答率高于90%。采用目的抽样的方法,于2023年4月—6月以电话或电子邮件等方式邀请19名专家进行两轮德尔菲专家咨询。其中男性16人,女性3人;长期从事疾病预防控制、卫生监督等公共卫生服务行业专家9人,医院行政管理专家2人,医学院校卫生管理教授3人,信息管理专家 3人,图书馆情报专家2人;以40~50岁为主,占78.95%;副高及以上职称16人(84.21%);博士及以上文化程度14人(73.68%);从事相关领域工作10年以上者17人(89.47%)。
主要利用Pubmed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方与维普数据库等国内外文献数据库进行搜索,为构建公共卫生人员信息素养评价体系及指标筛选提供文献支撑。同时结合职业特点,明确指标体系所对应的层次结构,候选评价指标包括一级指标共4个、二级指标16个、三级指标38个。
德尔菲法被广泛应用于科学研究,它是专家意见通过共识发展的表现[13]。本文通过梳理文献构建候选评价指标池,综合制作《公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系(初稿)专家意见调查》问卷。问卷包含专家基本情况、指标重要程度评价表、专家具体判断依据及对该领域熟悉程度等内容。
专家熟悉程度系数和指标判断依据系数的平均值代表专家的权威程度,具体判断标准可见表1表2。而函询问卷的回收率则代表积极系数。本文借助专家权威程度与积极系数判断专家的专业程度,从而确保研究的可信度。本次重要性程度分为非常重要、重要、一般重要、不重要、非常不重要五个等级,选择非常重要与重要的专家人数占比为满分比。
20世纪70年代美国著名学者T.L.Saaty正式提出层次分析法(AHP),通过明确问题,构建系统的层次分析结构模型,采取层次单排序和层次总排序计算各层次要素及总目标组合权重,达到为最优方案提供参考依据[14]。本文利用指标重要性均值的差值比较法,构建出与之匹配的判断矩阵,最后借助Yaahp 12.6计算出各项指标对应的权重。
借助EpiData 3.1双人核对后将数据依次录入,建立数据库。运用Excel 2010和SPSS 25.0对两轮德尔菲函询结果进行描述统计和专家积极系数、专家意见集中程度、权威系数和专家意见协调程度等指标计算。本轮研究将符合重要性均值<4.00、满分比<50%、变异系数>0.25两项及以上标准的指标予以删除[15],同时,结合专家意见进行增减或修改。最后借助Yaahp 12.6输入各专家重要性打分的两两比较数据得出判断矩阵内各指标的权重。检验水准α=0.001。
本次专家咨询共开展两轮,发放问卷数量均为19份,回收有效问卷均为19份。本次问卷调查专家积极性较高,问卷回收有效率均为100%。
专家的判断依据(Ca)与熟悉程度(Cs)的平均值反映出专家的权威系数(Cr),即Cr=(Ca+Cs)/2。本研究Ca均为1.000,Cs的均值为0.816,Cr的均值为0.908,表明专家权威程度较高,见表3
两轮专家咨询的Kendall W值分别为0.152、0.121,两轮咨询的Kendall W值差异均有统计学意义(χ2=164.962、121.869,P<0.001),两轮协调系数结果均显著,专家意见趋于一致,见表4
本研究通过查阅国内外相关文献,结合公共卫生人员职业特点,提出以信息意识、信息知识、信息能力、信息伦理与道德为一级指标的公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系初始框架,如图1所示。
第一轮专家咨询的58个指标重要性均值为3.95~5.00,满分率为21%~100%,2个指标均值<4.00;指标变异系数在0~0.29(CV<0.35)。指标总体Kendall W系数为0.152(χ2=164.972,P<0.001),这表明专家有着较为良好的协调程度,调查结果具有统计学意义。
结合指标满分比、变异系数、重要性均值等因素对现有指标进行修订,其中删除1个二级指标与1个三级指标;修改16项指标的命名,包含1项一级指标命名为“信息利用伦理”、1项二级指标命名为“信息利用伦理规范”和14项三级指标的命名;增加1项三级指标命名“能够利用所得信息结合公共卫生实践调研完善现有公卫理论以及开展新技能”。初步确定指标体系包含一级指标4个、二级指标15个、三级指标38个,进入下一轮次的专家函询环节。
第二轮函询57个指标重要性均值为4.00~4.94,指标变异系数在0.05~0.24,满分率在33.3%~94.4%。指标总体Kendall W系数为0.121(χ2=121.869,P<0.001)。基于专家提出的意见,最终仅修改1项一级指标及1项三级指标的命名。专家意见趋于统一,因此不再开展下一轮咨询。
基于第二轮专家咨询指标的重要性评分,计算出各项指标对应的重要性均值。通过重要性均值差值比较法及Satty标度法构建判断矩阵,依次将数据录入Yaahp 12.6中进行分析,从而计算出指标所对应的权重及矩阵一致性比例,进而运用乘积法计算出各项二级、三级指标对应的组合权重,结果如表5所示。
梳理文献发现,卫生人员信息意识、信息知识、文献检索与运用能力等是近年来广受关注的信息素养指标。例如罗红等构建了一套适合中国国情的护理信息能力量表,其中强调信息敏感度、获取交流信息意识的重要性[16]。何晓阳等指出从正确的信息源吸收有用信息形成新观点的能力,是医学本科生信息素养评价的重要指标之一[17]。上述研究因受主观因素的影响,实证研究中结果的可比性相对较差。本研究为减少上述误差,采取两轮专家咨询法构建公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系,为测量公共卫生人员信息素养水平提供更为科学与实用的依据。
本研究两轮专家咨询问卷回收率均>90%,积极系数均高于70%,且多名专家就指标的增删提出了丰富的意见,表明专家积极系数较好。专家权威系数≥0.70,表明专家咨询结果可靠性较高[18]。研究中开展的两轮专家咨询协调系数均具有显著的统计学意义,本次研究过程具备较高的可靠性和科学性。
本次构建的一级指标包括信息意识、信息知识、信息能力、信息利用伦理。其中权重最大的是信息意识(0.512),这在一定程度上说明信息意识对公共卫生人员信息素养的影响较大。信息意识表现为人们对所关心的事或物的信息敏感力、观察力和分析判断能力,是人们产生信息需求、获取评价信息的基础与源泉[19]。该指标下设的二级指标中,组合权重较大的指标主要有信息敏感度和信息重要性认识,其中信息敏感度在所有二级指标中所占权重最大,提示医学院校及医疗机构应高度重视信息意识,可着重提高公共卫生人员的信息敏感能力。
在一级指标中信息知识所占的权重较大,其下设二级指标中组合权重较大的有信息源知识和信息检索知识,这两个二级指标下设的三级指标中,组合权重较大的分别有明确各种信息源的价值和适用对象、具备公共卫生相关知识背景并能够辨别术语和掌握使用高级检索知识。这表明提升公共卫生人员信息素养,特别是信息源知识的分辨能力,需要从专业术语与高级检索技能培训等方面双管齐下。
在信息能力的分析中,权重较大的二级指标为信息获取能力。传统的信息素养多侧重知识层面,随着信息素养内涵的变化,目前多提倡采取以创新能力考察为核心的评价体系[20]。在信息获取能力这个二级指标下设的三级指标中,组合权重较大的为熟悉公共卫生工作领域的学术刊物,这表明伴随病毒变异、人们生活环境变化等因素影响,公共卫生工作要求与前沿科学资讯接轨,具备丰富的信息检索与技术知识是复合型公共卫生人才必不可少的素质,将有助于制定出适宜的健康政策。
信息利用伦理是指在公共卫生信息活动实践中,应当具备的注重信息保护、合法引用他人信息的伦理与道德[21]。本研究中信息利用伦理所占的权重较低,这意味着随着人们伦理意识的加强,在对信息数据进行科学评估与引用过程中,已能较好地将伦理价值嵌入大数据时代的信息管理全过程中,这并非目前公共卫生人员面临的最大问题。
信息素养是公共卫生人员必备的基本素养之一,也是公共卫生人员推动医防融合和开展高质量科研工作的重要保障。本研究通过文献研究法构建信息素养评价指标池,并通过德尔菲法构建包括4个一级指标、12个二级指标和38个三级指标的公共卫生人员信息素养评价指标体系,为评估公共卫生人员信息素养水平提供了更为科学和实用的依据。
本研究局限性主要体现在以下两个方面:首先,研究咨询的专家主要以广东省专家为主,构建出的指标体系可能无法良好适用于其他地区,应在今后研究中进一步扩大专家地域性来源。其次,仅利用文献调查法得出信息素养评价指标体系初稿,在未来的研究中,可结合扎根理论或半结构访谈等方法进一步完善指标,并结合实证调查修订现有的指标体系。
  • 广东省哲学社会科学规划2023年度项目(2023GZGJ108)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309339
  • 接收时间:2023-09-18
  • 首发时间:2026-03-16
  • 出版时间:2024-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-18
基金
广东省哲学社会科学规划2023年度项目(2023GZGJ108)
作者信息
    1.南方医科大学卫生管理学院,广东 广州 510515
    2.南方医科大学第十附属医院(东莞市人民医院)

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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