Article(id=1228016573135384903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1228016566646801206, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202504095, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743868800000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770711566480, onlineDateStr=2026-02-10, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770711566480, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770711566480, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770711566480, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228016566646801206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='18', pageStart='3265', pageEnd='3456', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770711564932, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770711815039, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228017615784833769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1228016566646801206, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228017615784833770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1228016566646801206, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3424, endPage=3431, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228016574523699632, articleId=1228016573135384903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The current status and influencing factors of HPV vaccination willingness among college students in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To systematically evaluate the willingness to receive HPV vaccination and influencing factors among college students in China.

Methods

Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database from the establishment of the databases to March 12, 2025. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 and RevMan 5.4 to assess the willingness to receive HPV vaccination and influencing factors among college students.

Results

A total of 35 studies involving 62 958 samples were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the willingness rate of college students in China to receive HPV vaccination was 67.0%. Female (OR=3.47, 95% CI: 2.49-4.85), having a history of sexual behavior (OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.09-3.35), accepting premarital sex (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.04-1.78), having a family history of tumors (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.28-2.23), monthly consumption level≥2 000 yuan (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.22-1.84), knowing about HPV vaccine (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.11-2.77), knowing that HPV vaccine is on the market (OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.44-2.03), knowing that HPV infection is related to cervical cancer (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.15-1.81), having someone around who has received HPV vaccine (OR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.66-3.01), and having a high score in the cognition of HPV and its vaccine (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.32-2.62) were identified as promoting factors.

Conclusion

The willingness rate of Chinese college students to receive the HPV vaccine is relatively high, relevant epidemic prevention departments and health institutions should strengthen the professional popularization of HPV vaccine-related knowledge among college students, and try to improve the HPV vaccine vaccination service system and cervical cancer prevention and control service system.

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目的

系统评价中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素。

方法

计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、The Cochrane Library、PsycINFO、CINAHL、SinoMed、中国知网、维普和万方数据库建库至2025年3月12日的相关研究,采用Stata 17.0和RevMan 5.4对大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素进行Meta分析。

结果

纳入35项研究,涉及62 958例样本量。Meta分析数据表明,中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿为67.0%。女性(OR=3.47,95% CI:2.49~4.85)、有性行为史(OR=1.91,95% CI:1.09~3.35)、接受婚前性行为(OR=1.36,95% CI:1.04~1.78)、有家族肿瘤史(OR=1.69,95% CI:1.28~2.23)、月消费水平≥2 000元(OR=1.50,95% CI:1.22~1.84)、知晓HPV疫苗(OR=1.75,95% CI:1.11~2.77)、知晓HPV疫苗已上市(OR=1.71,95% CI:1.44~2.03)、知晓HPV感染与宫颈癌有关(OR=1.44,95% CI:1.15~1.81)、身边有人接种过HPV疫苗(OR=2.23,95% CI:1.66~3.01)、对HPV及其疫苗的认知评分高(OR=1.86,95% CI:1.32~2.62)均是中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿的促进因素。

结论

中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿率较高,相关防疫部门及卫生机构应加强高校大学生HPV疫苗相关知识的专业普及,并设法完善HPV疫苗接种服务系统和宫颈癌防治服务体系。

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蒋运兰,E-mail:
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王玥琳(2002—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:临床护理

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王玥琳(2002—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:临床护理

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王玥琳(2002—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:临床护理

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The basic characteristics and quality scores of the included studies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
纳入研究研究地区抽样方法样本量
(例)
接种意愿率
(%)
影响因素AHRQ评分
郑浩等2021[7]浙江5市A1 09281.60②⑤⑭⑮7
赵晨宇等2020[8]内蒙古呼和浩特B1 66533.50③⑧6
张肖肖等2021[9]浙江、河南、四川、黑龙江A3 00756.60③⑩6
杨雪帆等2021[10]重庆市D42746.40②⑦⑧6
张希等2021[11]山西太原、四川成都F97534.56④⑥⑩7
张其其等2021[12]新疆乌鲁木齐E59078.14①⑧⑨⑩6
张洁等2018[13]广东广州C1 24449.40①②⑥⑩⑪⑮7
杨敏敏等2022[14]甘肃兰州D77222.40-6
徐宇歌等2022[15]广西桂林F44370.20①④6
徐婷珊等2024[16]福建D1 75595.44①⑭8
徐霖等2021[17]广东D76588.10①⑫6
王文娟等2020[18]湖北咸宁C15989.90①⑨⑩⑮6
肖玲等2022[19]湖北襄阳B6 45992.79-6
王龙飞等2024[20]山东德州D1 32747.70①④⑥⑦⑨⑩7
王丹等2024[21]安徽黄山D53667.50①④⑥⑮8
石晶等2024[22]北京市G1 76045.51⑪⑮8
陈慧等2021[23]四川成都F88165.70③④⑤⑮7
任俊红等2022[24]江苏南京C1 00985.30⑨⑩⑫6
李静等2022[25]四川泸州B99578.60①⑪⑮6
赖江宜等2019[26]浙江杭州B22073.20-6
贾鑫华等2019[27]江西赣州D2 09156.90⑧⑮7
胡峰等2023[28]黑龙江齐齐哈尔D31279.496
冯澜等2021[29]广西南宁D33766.17-6
范伟超等2022[30]广东深圳D83866.80②④⑤⑥⑨⑩⑭8
段凡等2020[31]山东E2 28583.30①⑮6
潘丹等2020[32]浙江台州C11 23675.41⑩⑫⑬5
You等2020[33]全国D4 22058.60-7
Xu等2021[34]山东青岛D34375.50①⑤8
Song等2025[35]全国少数民族地区D1 38850.40①⑦8
Deng等2021[36]全国D1 02233.76-6
Chen等2024[37]上海、武汉、广州、南宁G1 43889.71-6
Hu等2024[38]贵州D2 36096.00①②⑧⑨⑩7
Li等2024[39]河南郑州E65063.20-6
Liu等2018[40]香港D1 02292.10④⑫⑬6
Dai等2022[41]全国7省D7 335-③④⑤⑥⑦⑨⑩⑫⑬⑮8
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583105245205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016573135384903, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳入文献的基本特征及质量评价结果

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纳入研究研究地区抽样方法样本量
(例)
接种意愿率
(%)
影响因素AHRQ评分
郑浩等2021[7]浙江5市A1 09281.60②⑤⑭⑮7
赵晨宇等2020[8]内蒙古呼和浩特B1 66533.50③⑧6
张肖肖等2021[9]浙江、河南、四川、黑龙江A3 00756.60③⑩6
杨雪帆等2021[10]重庆市D42746.40②⑦⑧6
张希等2021[11]山西太原、四川成都F97534.56④⑥⑩7
张其其等2021[12]新疆乌鲁木齐E59078.14①⑧⑨⑩6
张洁等2018[13]广东广州C1 24449.40①②⑥⑩⑪⑮7
杨敏敏等2022[14]甘肃兰州D77222.40-6
徐宇歌等2022[15]广西桂林F44370.20①④6
徐婷珊等2024[16]福建D1 75595.44①⑭8
徐霖等2021[17]广东D76588.10①⑫6
王文娟等2020[18]湖北咸宁C15989.90①⑨⑩⑮6
肖玲等2022[19]湖北襄阳B6 45992.79-6
王龙飞等2024[20]山东德州D1 32747.70①④⑥⑦⑨⑩7
王丹等2024[21]安徽黄山D53667.50①④⑥⑮8
石晶等2024[22]北京市G1 76045.51⑪⑮8
陈慧等2021[23]四川成都F88165.70③④⑤⑮7
任俊红等2022[24]江苏南京C1 00985.30⑨⑩⑫6
李静等2022[25]四川泸州B99578.60①⑪⑮6
赖江宜等2019[26]浙江杭州B22073.20-6
贾鑫华等2019[27]江西赣州D2 09156.90⑧⑮7
胡峰等2023[28]黑龙江齐齐哈尔D31279.496
冯澜等2021[29]广西南宁D33766.17-6
范伟超等2022[30]广东深圳D83866.80②④⑤⑥⑨⑩⑭8
段凡等2020[31]山东E2 28583.30①⑮6
潘丹等2020[32]浙江台州C11 23675.41⑩⑫⑬5
You等2020[33]全国D4 22058.60-7
Xu等2021[34]山东青岛D34375.50①⑤8
Song等2025[35]全国少数民族地区D1 38850.40①⑦8
Deng等2021[36]全国D1 02233.76-6
Chen等2024[37]上海、武汉、广州、南宁G1 43889.71-6
Hu等2024[38]贵州D2 36096.00①②⑧⑨⑩7
Li等2024[39]河南郑州E65063.20-6
Liu等2018[40]香港D1 02292.10④⑫⑬6
Dai等2022[41]全国7省D7 335-③④⑤⑥⑦⑨⑩⑫⑬⑮8
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583210102812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016573135384903, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Analysis results of HPV vaccination willingness among college students in subgroups

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指标/亚组纳入研究
(篇)
异质性检验结果效应模型合并效应量
PI2值(%)95% CIZP
接种意愿率34<0.00199.8随机0.670.61~0.7420.59<0.001
研究地区
北方9<0.00199.7随机0.590.43~0.757.20<0.001
南方20<0.00199.6随机0.760.71~0.8227.88<0.001
全国5<0.00199.0随机0.470.37~0.569.56<0.001
抽样方法
便利抽样16<0.00199.8随机0.650.54~0.7611.35<0.001
分层抽样4<0.00199.9随机0.700.39~1.004.49<0.001
整群抽样4<0.00199.3随机0.750.62~0.8811.22<0.001
多阶段抽样2<0.00199.6随机0.690.45~0.945.53<0.001
分层+整群抽样3<0.00198.0随机0.750.64~0.8613.04<0.001
便利+分层+整群抽样3<0.00199.3随机0.570.34~0.804.86<0.001
多阶段+分层+整群抽样2<0.00199.9随机0.680.24~1.113.060.002
研究时间
2020年及以前24<0.00199.6随机0.650.58~0.7218.68<0.001
2020年后10<0.00199.8随机0.720.63~0.8214.42<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583352709154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016573135384903, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿现状的亚组分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标/亚组纳入研究
(篇)
异质性检验结果效应模型合并效应量
PI2值(%)95% CIZP
接种意愿率34<0.00199.8随机0.670.61~0.7420.59<0.001
研究地区
北方9<0.00199.7随机0.590.43~0.757.20<0.001
南方20<0.00199.6随机0.760.71~0.8227.88<0.001
全国5<0.00199.0随机0.470.37~0.569.56<0.001
抽样方法
便利抽样16<0.00199.8随机0.650.54~0.7611.35<0.001
分层抽样4<0.00199.9随机0.700.39~1.004.49<0.001
整群抽样4<0.00199.3随机0.750.62~0.8811.22<0.001
多阶段抽样2<0.00199.6随机0.690.45~0.945.53<0.001
分层+整群抽样3<0.00198.0随机0.750.64~0.8613.04<0.001
便利+分层+整群抽样3<0.00199.3随机0.570.34~0.804.86<0.001
多阶段+分层+整群抽样2<0.00199.9随机0.680.24~1.113.060.002
研究时间
2020年及以前24<0.00199.6随机0.650.58~0.7218.68<0.001
2020年后10<0.00199.8随机0.720.63~0.8214.42<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583465955368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016573135384903, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Meta-analysis of factors Influencing the HPV vaccination willingness of college students

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素纳入研究
(篇)
异质性检验结果效应模型合并效应量EggerP
PI2值(%)OR95% CIZP
女性13<0.00189随机3.472.49~4.857.32<0.0010.394
医学专业50.00573随机1.260.88~1.801.260.210
父母文化程度高40.02071随机1.290.94~1.761.580.110
有性行为史8<0.00187随机1.911.09~3.352.270.020
接受婚前性行为50.06056随机1.361.04~1.782.270.020
有家族肿瘤史60.03060随机1.691.28~2.233.67<0.001
月消费水平≥2000元4 0.6600固定1.501.22~1.843.89<0.001
居住地为城镇5<0.00188随机0.980.64~1.520.070.940
知晓HPV7<0.00189随机0.900.58~1.410.440.660
知晓HPV疫苗11<0.00195随机1.751.11~2.772.40 0.0200.834
知晓HPV疫苗已上市3 0.5800固定1.711.44~2.036.05<0.001
知晓HPV感染与宫颈癌有关5<0.00183随机1.441.15~1.813.140.002
知晓接种预防性HPV疫苗能预防宫颈癌3<0.00198随机1.930.74~5.011.340.180
身边有人接种过HPV疫苗30.31015固定2.231.66~3.015.28<0.001
对HPV及其疫苗的认知评分高11<0.00196随机1.861.32~2.623.54<0.0010.078
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583595978800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016573135384903, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿影响因素的Meta分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素纳入研究
(篇)
异质性检验结果效应模型合并效应量EggerP
PI2值(%)OR95% CIZP
女性13<0.00189随机3.472.49~4.857.32<0.0010.394
医学专业50.00573随机1.260.88~1.801.260.210
父母文化程度高40.02071随机1.290.94~1.761.580.110
有性行为史8<0.00187随机1.911.09~3.352.270.020
接受婚前性行为50.06056随机1.361.04~1.782.270.020
有家族肿瘤史60.03060随机1.691.28~2.233.67<0.001
月消费水平≥2000元4 0.6600固定1.501.22~1.843.89<0.001
居住地为城镇5<0.00188随机0.980.64~1.520.070.940
知晓HPV7<0.00189随机0.900.58~1.410.440.660
知晓HPV疫苗11<0.00195随机1.751.11~2.772.40 0.0200.834
知晓HPV疫苗已上市3 0.5800固定1.711.44~2.036.05<0.001
知晓HPV感染与宫颈癌有关5<0.00183随机1.441.15~1.813.140.002
知晓接种预防性HPV疫苗能预防宫颈癌3<0.00198随机1.930.74~5.011.340.180
身边有人接种过HPV疫苗30.31015固定2.231.66~3.015.28<0.001
对HPV及其疫苗的认知评分高11<0.00196随机1.861.32~2.623.54<0.0010.078
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中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿现状及其影响因素的Meta分析
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王玥琳 1 , 蒋运兰 2 , 李乐 1 , 陈红 1 , 王镜 1 , 张梦洁 1 , 白小雨 1 , 武森林 1
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(18): 3424-3431
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现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025, 52(18): 3424-3431
中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿现状及其影响因素的Meta分析
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王玥琳1, 蒋运兰2 , 李乐1, 陈红1, 王镜1, 张梦洁1, 白小雨1, 武森林1
作者信息
  • 1.成都中医药大学护理学院,四川 成都 610075
  • 2.成都中医药大学附属医院党委办公室
  • 王玥琳(2002—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:临床护理

通讯作者:

蒋运兰,E-mail:
The current status and influencing factors of HPV vaccination willingness among college students in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yue-lin WANG1, Yun-lan JIANG2 , Le LI1, Hong CHEN1, Jing WANG1, Meng-jie ZHANG1, Xiao-yu BAI1, Sen-lin WU1
Affiliations
  • College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202504095
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目的

系统评价中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素。

方法

计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、The Cochrane Library、PsycINFO、CINAHL、SinoMed、中国知网、维普和万方数据库建库至2025年3月12日的相关研究,采用Stata 17.0和RevMan 5.4对大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素进行Meta分析。

结果

纳入35项研究,涉及62 958例样本量。Meta分析数据表明,中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿为67.0%。女性(OR=3.47,95% CI:2.49~4.85)、有性行为史(OR=1.91,95% CI:1.09~3.35)、接受婚前性行为(OR=1.36,95% CI:1.04~1.78)、有家族肿瘤史(OR=1.69,95% CI:1.28~2.23)、月消费水平≥2 000元(OR=1.50,95% CI:1.22~1.84)、知晓HPV疫苗(OR=1.75,95% CI:1.11~2.77)、知晓HPV疫苗已上市(OR=1.71,95% CI:1.44~2.03)、知晓HPV感染与宫颈癌有关(OR=1.44,95% CI:1.15~1.81)、身边有人接种过HPV疫苗(OR=2.23,95% CI:1.66~3.01)、对HPV及其疫苗的认知评分高(OR=1.86,95% CI:1.32~2.62)均是中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿的促进因素。

结论

中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿率较高,相关防疫部门及卫生机构应加强高校大学生HPV疫苗相关知识的专业普及,并设法完善HPV疫苗接种服务系统和宫颈癌防治服务体系。

HPV疫苗  /  接种意愿  /  影响因素  /  大学生  /  中国  /  Meta分析
Objective

To systematically evaluate the willingness to receive HPV vaccination and influencing factors among college students in China.

Methods

Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database from the establishment of the databases to March 12, 2025. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 and RevMan 5.4 to assess the willingness to receive HPV vaccination and influencing factors among college students.

Results

A total of 35 studies involving 62 958 samples were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the willingness rate of college students in China to receive HPV vaccination was 67.0%. Female (OR=3.47, 95% CI: 2.49-4.85), having a history of sexual behavior (OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.09-3.35), accepting premarital sex (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.04-1.78), having a family history of tumors (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.28-2.23), monthly consumption level≥2 000 yuan (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.22-1.84), knowing about HPV vaccine (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.11-2.77), knowing that HPV vaccine is on the market (OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.44-2.03), knowing that HPV infection is related to cervical cancer (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.15-1.81), having someone around who has received HPV vaccine (OR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.66-3.01), and having a high score in the cognition of HPV and its vaccine (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.32-2.62) were identified as promoting factors.

Conclusion

The willingness rate of Chinese college students to receive the HPV vaccine is relatively high, relevant epidemic prevention departments and health institutions should strengthen the professional popularization of HPV vaccine-related knowledge among college students, and try to improve the HPV vaccine vaccination service system and cervical cancer prevention and control service system.

Human papillomavirus vaccine  /  Vaccination willingness  /  College student  /  China  /  Influencing factors  /  Meta-analysis
王玥琳, 蒋运兰, 李乐, 陈红, 王镜, 张梦洁, 白小雨, 武森林. 中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿现状及其影响因素的Meta分析. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (18) : 3424 -3431 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202504095
Yue-lin WANG, Yun-lan JIANG, Le LI, Hong CHEN, Jing WANG, Meng-jie ZHANG, Xiao-yu BAI, Sen-lin WU. The current status and influencing factors of HPV vaccination willingness among college students in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (18) : 3424 -3431 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202504095
宫颈癌严重威胁我国女性群体的全生命周期健康,且发病年龄呈年轻化态势,防治形势严峻[1]。目前普遍认为人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus, HPV)是宫颈癌的主要致病因素,尤其是高危型HPV持续感染将引起宫颈上皮内病变并最终癌变[2]。现有临床证据表明,接种HPV疫苗能有效预防HPV感染及相关疾病的发生发展,已成为我国宫颈癌防控工作的重要环节[3-4]。高校大学生作为HPV疫苗接种的重要目标人群,提高其疫苗接种率是保障自身安全、形成校内免疫屏障、推动疾病防治体系建立的重要举措[5]。本研究采用Meta分析方法对HPV疫苗接种意愿现状及其影响因素进行系统综述,为形成具有中国特色的高校宫颈癌防治体系提供数据支撑。本研究已在PROSPERO平台注册,注册号为CRD420251013662。
计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、The Cochrane Library、PsycINFO、CINAHL、SinoMed、中国知网、维普和万方数据库关于HPV疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素的研究,检索时限为建库至2025年3月12日。以主题词与自由词相互补充的方式构建检索表达式,检索词包括:中文为HPV疫苗、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗、宫颈癌疫苗、接种、接受、认知、大学生、中国等;英文为HPV、Human Papillomavirus Viruses、Human Papillomavirus、Vaccination、Immunization、Willingness、Acceptability、Students、Undergraduate、China、Chinese等。
纳入标准:(1)国内外公开发表的与中国高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿相关的研究;(2)研究对象:高校中国大学生人群,包括在校专科生、本科生和研究生;(3)研究类型:横断面研究;(4)结局指标:HPV疫苗接种意愿率及其影响因素,其中影响因素有关数据提供完整的多因素logistic回归的OR值和95% CI
排除标准:(1)文献类型为会议论文、学位论文及二次研究文献等;(2)无法获取全文或数据提取不完整;(3)非中英文文献;(4)同一团队重复发表;(5)质量评分较低的文献。
由2名研究者将所有文献导入Endnote X9中进行独立筛选和资料提取,通过去重、初筛、复筛并交叉核对等步骤,最终确定纳入文献。如遇分歧,则由第3方介入决定。提取关键信息:文献作者及发表年份、研究地区、抽样方法、样本量、接种意愿率及影响因素等。
美国医疗保健质量与研究机构(Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, AHRQ)研发的质量评价工具[6]是评估横断面研究偏倚风险的常用工具。由2名研究者独立评价纳入文献质量,如遇分歧,则由第3方介入决定。评分结果为0-3分是低质量文献,4-7分是中质量文献,8-11分是高质量文献。
采用Stata 17.0对单组率进行Meta分析,采用RevMan 5.4对纳入的影响因素进行Meta分析,以OR值及其95% CI作为效应量评价指标。运用Q检验和I2对研究间异质性进行量化判断,当P>0.1且I2≤50%时,选用固定效应模型;反之,则选用随机效应模型。针对存在显著异质性的研究,通过亚组分析探究潜在异质性来源,并通过文献逐一剔除及效应模型转换两种方式进行敏感性分析。同时,对纳入研究≥10篇的影响因素,采用Egger检验判断发表偏倚。
经过初步检索,共获取中文文献982篇、英文文献1 746篇,共计2 728篇文献。经筛选后,最终纳入35篇文献[7-41],且均属于横断面研究。具体文献筛选流程见图1
35篇文献均为中高质量文献,研究对象涉及62 958名中国大学生,提取出15个HPV疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。纳入文献的基本特征及质量评价结果见表1
34项研究报道了高校大学生HPV疫苗的接种意愿率,纳入研究间存在显著异质性(I2=99.8%,P<0.001),随机效应模型分析显示,中国大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿的合并率为67.0%(95% CI:0.61~0.74,Z=20.59,P<0.001),见图2
以研究地区、抽样方法及研究时间分别对接种意愿率纳入的研究进行亚组分析,未见异质性明显降低。亚组分析结果显示,南方地区及2020年后的中国高校大学生接种意愿率更高,具体结果见表2
27项研究报道了高校大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿的15个影响因素,对其进行Meta分析。结果显示,女性、有性行为史、接受婚前性行为、有家族肿瘤史、月消费水平≥2 000元、知晓HPV疫苗、知晓HPV疫苗已上市、知晓HPV感染与宫颈癌有关、身边有人接种过HPV疫苗、对HPV及其疫苗的认知评分高是中国大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。结果见表3
通过效应模型转换策略,对各影响因素进行敏感性分析,结果显示,转换前后各影响因素的OR值及其95% CI无显著方向性改变,提示结果的一致性和稳定性较好。逐一剔除各项研究进行敏感性分析,Dai等[41]的研究是接受婚前性行为的异质性来源(OR=1.58,95% CI:1.25~1.99,P<0.001);王丹等[21]和Dai等[41]的研究是有家族肿瘤史的异质性来源(OR=1.79,95% CI:1.46~2.20,P<0.001)。
本研究对接种意愿率进行Egger检验(P<0.001),提示存在发表偏倚的可能(P<0.05)。女性、知晓HPV疫苗、对HPV及其疫苗的认知评分高这3个影响因素的漏斗图未见明显不对称,且经Egger检验提示发生偏倚风险的可能性较小,见表3
Meta分析结果显示,中国高校大学生对HPV疫苗呈现高接种意愿率的形势,虽然2020年后女大学生接种HPV疫苗的意愿强烈,整体上呈现良好态势,但与发达国家相比仍存在较大差距[42]。为响应WHO《加速消除宫颈癌全球战略》的全面号召,我国以《加速消除宫颈癌行动计划(2023-2030年)》为方针,加强以高校大学生人群为首的公众对HPV及其疫苗的正确认识,为实现我国2030年消除宫颈癌的目标构筑免疫防线[43]
研究表明,虽然大学生整体接种意愿较高,但不同地区对HPV疫苗的接种意愿及认知水平存在差异。高校应充分发挥网络新媒体在大学生群体了解HPV疫苗相关健康知识的主导作用,进一步提升大学生正确疫苗认知[7,14]。另外,当前中国部分城市试点开展适龄女性HPV疫苗免费接种,但针对我国大学生群体而言,HPV疫苗仍是自费接种疫苗即费用负担较重[16,44]。且国外HPV疫苗占领市场主体地位,造成HPV疫苗中国市场供不应求、普通大学生难以预约的状态[30],这都是难以将接种HPV疫苗的意愿付诸实践的原因。
本研究结果显示,由于宫颈癌是女性特有的妇科恶性肿瘤,因此女性更愿意接种HPV疫苗以维护自身健康[25]。作为HPV性传播感染的高危人群,大学生人群性观念较为开放,接受婚前性行为者越来越多,高校需加强大学生性健康知识教育,提高其预防性传播疾病意识及HPV疫苗接种意愿[23,41]。另外,目前我国HPV疫苗仍为自费接种且价格昂贵,只有月消费水平较高的大学生能够负担疫苗费用,建议加快研发国产疫苗制剂,考虑将HPV疫苗纳入国家计划免疫规划或医保报销,给予大学生疫苗接种补贴,实现提高疫苗可及性和覆盖率的目的[16,21]。对HPV和HPV疫苗相关知识认知程度高的大学生更愿意主动接种HPV疫苗,一方面该部分大学生知晓HPV疫苗经过严格质量控制和安全检验已上市,另一方面其充分了解HPV相关疾病的严重危害,相信接种HPV疫苗预防宫颈癌的良好功效[22]。本研究表明,有家族肿瘤史或身边有人接种过HPV疫苗的高校大学生往往更加关注宫颈癌防治知识且疫苗接种意愿较强,与徐婷珊等[16]和Alshamlan等[45]的研究结果一致。
本研究的局限性:(1)研究间样本量差异大,部分研究样本代表性不足;(2)率及影响因素纳入研究间异质性较高,亚组分析未能找出异质性来源;(3)大部分研究均在单一城市开展且多采用自制调查问卷,增加发表偏倚的可能。
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202504095
  • 接收时间:2025-04-06
  • 首发时间:2026-02-10
  • 出版时间:2025-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-06
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    1.成都中医药大学护理学院,四川 成都 610075
    2.成都中医药大学附属医院党委办公室

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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