Article(id=1228016571835150575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1228016566646801206, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503483, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742832000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770711566169, onlineDateStr=2026-02-10, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770711566169, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770711566169, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770711566169, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228016566646801206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='18', pageStart='3265', pageEnd='3456', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770711564932, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770711815039, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228017615784833769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1228016566646801206, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228017615784833770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1228016566646801206, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3297, endPage=3303, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228016573517066595, articleId=1228016571835150575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on the association between high blood pressure and dietary behaviors among children and adolescents, Inner Mongolia, 2024 and construction of prediction model, columnId=1228016567443718970, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods Advances, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyse the association between high blood pressure and dietary behaviors among children and adolescents aged 9 to 17 years in Inner Mongolia, and to develop targeted preventive measures for high blood pressure among children and adolescents in Inner Mongolia.

Methods

The data were obtained from the National Monitoring and Intervention Work Program for Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors in Students, and a total of 129 821 primary and secondary school students were included in the stratified random cluster sampling method in September each year. The χ2 test was used for the analysis of single factors, and binary logistic regression was used for multifactorial analyses, and risk prediction of high blood pressure was performed by column-line plots.

Results

In Inner Mongolia, the overall high blood pressure of children and adolescents aged 9-17 years was 16.23%, with simple systolic blood pressure increase as the main cause. By gender, the overall high blood pressure rates of boys and girls were 15.42% and 17.05%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=63.38, P<0.001); the overall high blood pressure rates of primary schools, junior high school, and high school were 14.95%, 16.89%, and 17.77%, respectively, according to the school segments. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=124.95, P<0.001). Logistic regression model analysis showed that the risk of high blood pressure was higher in female students than in male students (OR=1.13, 95% CI:1.10-1.17), and the risk of high blood pressure was higher in junior high school and high school students than in primary school students [OR=1.14(95% CI:1.10-1.18), 1.18(95% CI:1.13-1.23), respectively], the risk of high blood pressure was lower for students in flag counties than for students in urban areas (OR=0.89,95% CI:0.86-0.92), and the rate of high blood pressure was lower for Mongolian and other students than for Han Chinese students [OR=0.96(95% CI:0.92-0.99), and 0.93(95% CI:0.87-0.99)], the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate fried food ≤1 time per week than for those who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.86,95% CI:0.77-0.97), the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate chocolate ≤1 time per week than for those who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.94,95% CI:0.91-0.97), and the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate butter ≤1 time per week had a lower risk of high blood pressure than students who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.95,95% CI:0.92-0.98), ate pastry ≤1 time per week had a lower risk of high blood pressure than students who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.93,95% CI:0.90-0.96), and drank soya milk ≤1 time per week had a higher risk of high blood pressure than students who drank it ≥2 times per week (OR=1.13,95% CI:1.03-1.24), and students who ate breakfast every day had a higher risk of high blood pressure than those who ate it sometimes or never [OR=1.15(95% CI:1.11-1.19),1.23(95% CI:1.15-1.31), respectively].

Conclusion

Dietary behaviour is closely associated with high blood pressure in children and adolescents, and this aspect should be actively addressed in future preventive measures.

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目的

分析内蒙古9~17岁儿童青少年血压偏高与饮食行为的关联,为内蒙古儿童青少年血压偏高情况制定针对性的预防措施。

方法

数据来源于全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案,于每年9月采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,共纳入129 821名中小学生。采用χ2检验进行单因素的分析,多因素分析采用二元logistic回归,通过列线图对血压偏高进行风险预测。

结果

内蒙古9~17岁儿童青少年总体血压偏高为16.23%,以单纯性收缩压增高为主,按性别划分,男女生总体血压偏高率分别为15.42%、17.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.38,P<0.001);按学段划分小学、初中、高中总体血压偏高率分别为14.95%、16.89%、17.77%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=124.95,P<0.001)。Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,女生的血压偏高风险高于男生(OR=1.13,95% CI:1.10~1.17),初中生、高中生的血压偏高风险高于小学生[OR分别为1.14(95% CI:1.10~1.18),1.18(95% CI:1.13~1.23)],旗县学生的血压偏高风险低于城区学生(OR=0.89,95% CI:0.86~0.92),蒙古族和其他学生的血压偏高率低于汉族学生[OR分别为0.96(95% CI:0.92~0.99),0.93(95% CI:0.87~0.99],每周吃油炸食品次数≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.86,95% CI:0.77~0.97),每周吃巧克力≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.94,95% CI:0.91~0.97),每周吃黄油的次数≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.95,95% CI:0.92~0.98),每周吃糕点的次数≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.93,95% CI:0.90~0.96),每周喝豆浆次数≤1次的血压偏高风险高于≥2次的学生(OR=1.13,95% CI:1.03~1.24),天天吃早餐的学生血压偏高风险高于有时吃或从来不吃的学生[OR分别是1.15(95% CI:1.11~1.19),1.23(95% CI:1.15~1.31)]。

结论

饮食行为与儿童青少年血压偏高密切相关,在今后的预防措施中应积极从这方面入手。

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张秀红,E-mail:
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李国峰(1992—),男,硕士,主治医师,研究方向:学校卫生

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Nutrients, 2019, 11(2): 387., articleTitle=A systematic review of the association of skipping breakfast with weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents.What should we better investigate in the future?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1228016587710591176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=33, authorNames=张仕杰, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张仕杰.新疆6~17岁儿童青少年血压偏高及成人居民高血压影响因素的研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2024., articleTitle=新疆6~17岁儿童青少年血压偏高及成人居民高血压影响因素的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1228016587811254475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Zhang SJ, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang SJ. Study on the influencing factors of high blood pressure in children aged 6 to 17 and adults in Xinjiang[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Medical University, 2024.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Study on the influencing factors of high blood pressure in children aged 6 to 17 and adults in Xinjiang, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1228016587878363341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=15, issue=12, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Altawili AA, Altawili M, Alwadai AM, journalName=Cureus, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Altawili AA, Altawili M, Alwadai AM, et al. An exploration of dietary strategies for hypertension management:a narrative review[J]. Cureus, 2023, 15(12): e50130., articleTitle=An exploration of dietary strategies for hypertension management:a narrative review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1228016587945472208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=191, pageEnd=198, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Gruzdeva O, Borodkina D, Uchasova E, journalName=Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gruzdeva O, Borodkina D, Uchasova E, et al. Leptin resistance: underlying mechanisms and diagnosis[J]. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 2019, 12: 191-198., articleTitle=Leptin resistance: underlying mechanisms and diagnosis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1228016584493559905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, awardId=2024QN08077, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2024QN08077), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1228016576771846740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228016576776041045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, companyId=1228016576771846740, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of School Health, Comprehensive Disease Prevention and Control Centre of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228016576784429656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, companyId=1228016576771846740, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,内蒙古自治区 呼和浩特 010031)]), AuthorCompany(id=1228016576914453090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228016576927036005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, companyId=1228016576914453090, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1228016583163965466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Column-line graphical model for predicting high blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 9-17 years in Inner Mongolia, figureFileSmall=bvNxPw7KyRWEVPsPRb5Jqw==, figureFileBig=vAA2YYjhT3vWiW/8ITbqHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228016583239462944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=CN, label=图1, caption=预测内蒙古9~17岁儿童青少年血压偏高的列线图模型, figureFileSmall=bvNxPw7KyRWEVPsPRb5Jqw==, figureFileBig=vAA2YYjhT3vWiW/8ITbqHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228016583486926892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparison of detection rates of high blood pressure among different groups of primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia, 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征选项人数血压偏高[n(%)]aχ2P
性别65 55310 108(15.42)63.38<0.001
64 26810 957(17.05)
学段小学55 4388 289(14.95)124.95<0.001
初中50 0148 446(16.89)
高中24 3694 330(17.77)
城乡城区35 2656 213(17.62)69.00<0.001
旗县94 55614 852(15.71)
民族86 33114 294(16.56)20.86<0.001
蒙古36 3715 671(15.59)
其他7 1191 100(15.45)
吃油炸≥2次2 099380(18.10)5.530.020
≤1次127 72220 685(16.20)
吃巧克力≥2次63 88310 733(16.80)30.58<0.001
≤1次65 93810 332(15.67)
吃糖果≥2次38 7366 509(16.80)13.54<0.001
≤1次91 08514 556(15.98)
冰淇淋≥2次60 48810 086(16.67)16.73<0.001
≤1次69 33310 979(15.84)
黄油≥2次84 80514 097(16.62)28.31<0.001
≤1次45 0166 968(15.48)
饼干≥2次48 4177 966(16.45)2.920.090
≤1次81 40413 099(16.09)
糕点≥2次50 2698 545(17.00)36.00<0.001
≤1次79 55212 520(15.74)
新鲜水果≥2次21 1253 302(15.63)6.650.010
≤1次108 69217 763(16.34)
新鲜蔬菜≥2次42 4786 943(16.34)0.660.420
≤1次87 34314 122(16.17)
乳制品≥2次13 2932 036(15.32)9.020.003
≤1次116 52819 029(16.33)
喝豆浆≥2次3 940576(14.62)7.720.005
≤1次125 88120 489(16.28)
吃早餐天天吃91 49814 189(15.51)123.34<0.001
有时吃31 7965 641(17.74)
从来不吃6 5271 235(18.92)
外卖<1次123 92020 098(16.22)0.120.730
≥1次5 901967(16.39)
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583600173106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2024年内蒙古不同组别中小学生血压偏高检出率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征选项人数血压偏高[n(%)]aχ2P
性别65 55310 108(15.42)63.38<0.001
64 26810 957(17.05)
学段小学55 4388 289(14.95)124.95<0.001
初中50 0148 446(16.89)
高中24 3694 330(17.77)
城乡城区35 2656 213(17.62)69.00<0.001
旗县94 55614 852(15.71)
民族86 33114 294(16.56)20.86<0.001
蒙古36 3715 671(15.59)
其他7 1191 100(15.45)
吃油炸≥2次2 099380(18.10)5.530.020
≤1次127 72220 685(16.20)
吃巧克力≥2次63 88310 733(16.80)30.58<0.001
≤1次65 93810 332(15.67)
吃糖果≥2次38 7366 509(16.80)13.54<0.001
≤1次91 08514 556(15.98)
冰淇淋≥2次60 48810 086(16.67)16.73<0.001
≤1次69 33310 979(15.84)
黄油≥2次84 80514 097(16.62)28.31<0.001
≤1次45 0166 968(15.48)
饼干≥2次48 4177 966(16.45)2.920.090
≤1次81 40413 099(16.09)
糕点≥2次50 2698 545(17.00)36.00<0.001
≤1次79 55212 520(15.74)
新鲜水果≥2次21 1253 302(15.63)6.650.010
≤1次108 69217 763(16.34)
新鲜蔬菜≥2次42 4786 943(16.34)0.660.420
≤1次87 34314 122(16.17)
乳制品≥2次13 2932 036(15.32)9.020.003
≤1次116 52819 029(16.33)
喝豆浆≥2次3 940576(14.62)7.720.005
≤1次125 88120 489(16.28)
吃早餐天天吃91 49814 189(15.51)123.34<0.001
有时吃31 7965 641(17.74)
从来不吃6 5271 235(18.92)
外卖<1次123 92020 098(16.22)0.120.730
≥1次5 901967(16.39)
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583734390840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Single factor analysis of different types of high blood pressure among children and adolescents aged 9-17 years in Inner Mongolia, 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征选项人数单纯收缩压偏高单纯舒张压偏高收缩压和舒张压均偏高
n(%)χ2Pn(%)χ2Pn(%)χ2P
性别65 5534 819(7.35)0.710.4003 424(5.22)17.73<0.0011 865(2.85)95.88<0.001
64 2684 803(7.47)3 699(5.76)2 455(3.82)
学段小学55 4383 421(6.17)230.88<0.0013 169(5.72)9.920.0071 751(3.50)21.04<0.001
初中50 0144 045(8.09)2 650(5.30)870(3.57)
高中24 3692 156(8.85)1 304(5.35)1 238(3.51)
城乡城区35 2652 471(7.01)11.560.0012 504(7.10)243.14<0.0013 082(3.26)5.040.030
旗县94 5567 151(7.56)4 619(4.88)2 888(3.35)
民族86 3316 346(7.35)4.790.0905 060(5.86)73.69<0.0011 204(3.31)0.460.800
蒙古36 3712 777(7.64)1 690(4.65)228(3.20)
其他7 119499(7.01)373(5.24)82(3.91)
油炸食品≥2次2 099172(8.19)1.900.170126(6.00)1.100.3004 238(3.32)2.220.140
≤1次127 7229 450(7.40)6 997(5.48)2 253(3.53)
巧克力≥2次63 8834 887(7.65)10.400.0013 593(5.62)4.590.0302 067(3.13)15.50<0.001
≤1次65 9384 735(7.18)3 530(5.35)1 390(3.59)
糖果≥2次38 7362 931(7.57)1.930.1702 188(5.65)2.780.1002 930(3.22)11.670.001
≤1次91 0854 612(7.35)4 935(5.42)2 074(3.43)
冰淇淋≥2次60 4886 686(7.62)7.480.0063 400(5.62)3.930.0052 246(3.24)3.600.060
≤1次69 3335 010(7.23)3 723(5.37)2 951(3.48)
黄油≥2次84 8056 384(7.53)4.810.0304 762(5.62)7.780.0051 369(3.04)17.59<0.001
≤1次45 0163 238(7.19)2 361(5.24)1 669(3.45)
饼干≥2次48 4173 594(7.42)0.010.9102 703(5.58)1.370.2402 651(3.27)3.430.060
≤1次81 4046 028(7.41)4 420(5.43)1 772(3.53)
糕点≥2次50 2693 952(7.86)24.20<0.0012 821(5.61)2.470.1202 548(3.20)9.930.002
≤1次79 5525 670(7.13)4 302(5.41)659(3.12)
新鲜水果≥2次21 1251 513(7.16)2.320.1301 130(5.35)0.940.3303 661(3.37)3.420.070
≤1次108 6928 109(7.46)5 993(5.51)1 432(3.37)
新鲜蔬菜≥2次42 4783 179(7.48)0.480.4902 332(5.50)0.0010.9802 888(3.31)0.370.520
≤1次87 3436 443(7.38)4 791(5.49)418(3.14)
乳制品≥2次13 293909(6.84)7.100.008709(5.33)0.670.4103 902(3.35)1.540.210
≤1次116 528250(7.48)6 414(5.50)109(2.77)
喝豆浆≥2次3 940250(6.35)6.740.009217(5.51)0.0030.9504 211(3.35)3.980.050
≤1次125 8819 372(7.45)6 906(5.49)2 857(3.12)
吃早餐天天吃91 4986 486(7.09)49.23<0.0014 846(5.30)25.61<0.0011 211(3.81)40.61<0.001
有时吃31 7962 574(8.10)1 856(5.84)252(3.86)
从来不吃6 527562(8.61)421(6.45)252(3.86)
外卖<1次123 9209 183(7.41)0.0070.9306 802(5.49)0.030.8704 113(3.32)0.620.430
≥1次5 901439(7.44)321(5.44)207(3.51)
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583847637056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2024年内蒙古9~17岁儿童青少年不同类型血压偏高单因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征选项人数单纯收缩压偏高单纯舒张压偏高收缩压和舒张压均偏高
n(%)χ2Pn(%)χ2Pn(%)χ2P
性别65 5534 819(7.35)0.710.4003 424(5.22)17.73<0.0011 865(2.85)95.88<0.001
64 2684 803(7.47)3 699(5.76)2 455(3.82)
学段小学55 4383 421(6.17)230.88<0.0013 169(5.72)9.920.0071 751(3.50)21.04<0.001
初中50 0144 045(8.09)2 650(5.30)870(3.57)
高中24 3692 156(8.85)1 304(5.35)1 238(3.51)
城乡城区35 2652 471(7.01)11.560.0012 504(7.10)243.14<0.0013 082(3.26)5.040.030
旗县94 5567 151(7.56)4 619(4.88)2 888(3.35)
民族86 3316 346(7.35)4.790.0905 060(5.86)73.69<0.0011 204(3.31)0.460.800
蒙古36 3712 777(7.64)1 690(4.65)228(3.20)
其他7 119499(7.01)373(5.24)82(3.91)
油炸食品≥2次2 099172(8.19)1.900.170126(6.00)1.100.3004 238(3.32)2.220.140
≤1次127 7229 450(7.40)6 997(5.48)2 253(3.53)
巧克力≥2次63 8834 887(7.65)10.400.0013 593(5.62)4.590.0302 067(3.13)15.50<0.001
≤1次65 9384 735(7.18)3 530(5.35)1 390(3.59)
糖果≥2次38 7362 931(7.57)1.930.1702 188(5.65)2.780.1002 930(3.22)11.670.001
≤1次91 0854 612(7.35)4 935(5.42)2 074(3.43)
冰淇淋≥2次60 4886 686(7.62)7.480.0063 400(5.62)3.930.0052 246(3.24)3.600.060
≤1次69 3335 010(7.23)3 723(5.37)2 951(3.48)
黄油≥2次84 8056 384(7.53)4.810.0304 762(5.62)7.780.0051 369(3.04)17.59<0.001
≤1次45 0163 238(7.19)2 361(5.24)1 669(3.45)
饼干≥2次48 4173 594(7.42)0.010.9102 703(5.58)1.370.2402 651(3.27)3.430.060
≤1次81 4046 028(7.41)4 420(5.43)1 772(3.53)
糕点≥2次50 2693 952(7.86)24.20<0.0012 821(5.61)2.470.1202 548(3.20)9.930.002
≤1次79 5525 670(7.13)4 302(5.41)659(3.12)
新鲜水果≥2次21 1251 513(7.16)2.320.1301 130(5.35)0.940.3303 661(3.37)3.420.070
≤1次108 6928 109(7.46)5 993(5.51)1 432(3.37)
新鲜蔬菜≥2次42 4783 179(7.48)0.480.4902 332(5.50)0.0010.9802 888(3.31)0.370.520
≤1次87 3436 443(7.38)4 791(5.49)418(3.14)
乳制品≥2次13 293909(6.84)7.100.008709(5.33)0.670.4103 902(3.35)1.540.210
≤1次116 528250(7.48)6 414(5.50)109(2.77)
喝豆浆≥2次3 940250(6.35)6.740.009217(5.51)0.0030.9504 211(3.35)3.980.050
≤1次125 8819 372(7.45)6 906(5.49)2 857(3.12)
吃早餐天天吃91 4986 486(7.09)49.23<0.0014 846(5.30)25.61<0.0011 211(3.81)40.61<0.001
有时吃31 7962 574(8.10)1 856(5.84)252(3.86)
从来不吃6 527562(8.61)421(6.45)252(3.86)
外卖<1次123 9209 183(7.41)0.0070.9306 802(5.49)0.030.8704 113(3.32)0.620.430
≥1次5 901439(7.44)321(5.44)207(3.51)
), ArticleFig(id=1228016583969271879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with high blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量a选项β标准误wald χ2POR值(95% CI)
性别(ref:男)0.130.0268.16<0.0011.13(1.10~1.17)
学段(ref:小学)初中0.130.0260.18<0.0011.14(1.10~1.18)
高中0.160.0260.42<0.0011.18(1.13~1.23)
城乡(ref:城区)旗县-0.120.0246.80<0.0010.89(0.86~0.92)
民族(ref:汉族)蒙古族-0.050.026.970.0080.96(0.92~0.99)
其他-0.080.034.830.0030.93(0.87~0.99)
每周吃油炸食品次数(ref:从来不吃)≤1次-0.150.066.670.0100.86(0.77~0.97)
每周吃巧克力次数(ref:从来不吃)≤1次-0.070.0215.86<0.0010.94(0.91~0.97)
≤1次-0.050.028.800.0030.95(0.92~0.98)
每周吃糕点次数(ref:从来不吃)≤1次-0.070.0218.38<0.0010.93(0.90~0.96)
每周喝豆浆次数(ref:从来不喝)≤1次0.120.056.900.0091.13(1.03~1.24)
每周吃早餐(ref:从来不吃)有时吃0.140.0262.41<0.0011.15(1.11~1.19)
从来不吃0.210.0338.04<0.0011.23(1.15~1.31)
), ArticleFig(id=1228016584061546570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

内蒙古中小学生血压偏高相关因素的logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量a选项β标准误wald χ2POR值(95% CI)
性别(ref:男)0.130.0268.16<0.0011.13(1.10~1.17)
学段(ref:小学)初中0.130.0260.18<0.0011.14(1.10~1.18)
高中0.160.0260.42<0.0011.18(1.13~1.23)
城乡(ref:城区)旗县-0.120.0246.80<0.0010.89(0.86~0.92)
民族(ref:汉族)蒙古族-0.050.026.970.0080.96(0.92~0.99)
其他-0.080.034.830.0030.93(0.87~0.99)
每周吃油炸食品次数(ref:从来不吃)≤1次-0.150.066.670.0100.86(0.77~0.97)
每周吃巧克力次数(ref:从来不吃)≤1次-0.070.0215.86<0.0010.94(0.91~0.97)
≤1次-0.050.028.800.0030.95(0.92~0.98)
每周吃糕点次数(ref:从来不吃)≤1次-0.070.0218.38<0.0010.93(0.90~0.96)
每周喝豆浆次数(ref:从来不喝)≤1次0.120.056.900.0091.13(1.03~1.24)
每周吃早餐(ref:从来不吃)有时吃0.140.0262.41<0.0011.15(1.11~1.19)
从来不吃0.210.0338.04<0.0011.23(1.15~1.31)
), ArticleFig(id=1228016584199958612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Multifactorial analysis of different types of high blood pressure among children and adolescents in Inner Mongolia, 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项单纯收缩压偏高单纯舒张压偏高
Wald χ2POR值(95% CI)Wald χ2POR值(95% CI)
性别女生---19.04<0.0011.11(1.06~1.17)
学段初中137.07<0.0011.33(1.27~1.39)12.88<0.0010.91(0.86~0.96)
高中189.40<0.0011.50(1.41~1.59)25.99<0.0010.84(0.78~0.90)
城乡旗县25.99<0.0011.13(1.08~1.19)227.83<0.0010.67(0.64~0.71)
民族蒙古---46.25<0.0010.82(0.78~0.87)
其他---3.930.0500.90(0.80~1.00)
巧克力≤1次7.220.0070.94(0.90~0.98)---
吃糖果≤1次------
冰淇淋≤1次------
黄油≤1次----5.600.0200.94(0.89~0.99)
饼干≤1次------
糕点≤1次16.90<0.0010.91(0.87~0.95)---
新鲜水果≤1次------
喝豆浆≤1次6.640.0101.19(1.04~1.35)---
吃早餐有时吃18.60<0.0011.11(1.06~1.17)13.27<0.0011.11(1.05~1.17)
从来不吃9.840.0021.16(1.06~1.27)18.09<0.0011.25(1.13~1.39)
自变量选项收缩压和舒张压均偏高
Wald χ2POR值(95% CI)
性别女生99.00<0.0011.37(1.29~1.46)
学段初中9.490.0020.88(0.81~0.95)
高中0.050.8300.99(0.91~1.08)
城乡旗县---
民族蒙古---
其他---
巧克力≤1次---
吃糖果≤1次9.830.0020.90(0.84~0.97)
冰淇淋≤1次---
黄油≤1次8.660.0030.90(0.84~0.97)
饼干≤1次---
糕点≤1次4.440.0400.93(0.87~0.99)
新鲜水果≤1次---
喝豆浆≤1次---
吃早餐有时吃28.24<0.0011.21(1.13~1.29)
从来不吃8.310.0041.22(1.06~1.39)
), ArticleFig(id=1228016584338370648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1228016571835150575, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2024年内蒙古儿童青少年不同类型血压偏高多因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项单纯收缩压偏高单纯舒张压偏高
Wald χ2POR值(95% CI)Wald χ2POR值(95% CI)
性别女生---19.04<0.0011.11(1.06~1.17)
学段初中137.07<0.0011.33(1.27~1.39)12.88<0.0010.91(0.86~0.96)
高中189.40<0.0011.50(1.41~1.59)25.99<0.0010.84(0.78~0.90)
城乡旗县25.99<0.0011.13(1.08~1.19)227.83<0.0010.67(0.64~0.71)
民族蒙古---46.25<0.0010.82(0.78~0.87)
其他---3.930.0500.90(0.80~1.00)
巧克力≤1次7.220.0070.94(0.90~0.98)---
吃糖果≤1次------
冰淇淋≤1次------
黄油≤1次----5.600.0200.94(0.89~0.99)
饼干≤1次------
糕点≤1次16.90<0.0010.91(0.87~0.95)---
新鲜水果≤1次------
喝豆浆≤1次6.640.0101.19(1.04~1.35)---
吃早餐有时吃18.60<0.0011.11(1.06~1.17)13.27<0.0011.11(1.05~1.17)
从来不吃9.840.0021.16(1.06~1.27)18.09<0.0011.25(1.13~1.39)
自变量选项收缩压和舒张压均偏高
Wald χ2POR值(95% CI)
性别女生99.00<0.0011.37(1.29~1.46)
学段初中9.490.0020.88(0.81~0.95)
高中0.050.8300.99(0.91~1.08)
城乡旗县---
民族蒙古---
其他---
巧克力≤1次---
吃糖果≤1次9.830.0020.90(0.84~0.97)
冰淇淋≤1次---
黄油≤1次8.660.0030.90(0.84~0.97)
饼干≤1次---
糕点≤1次4.440.0400.93(0.87~0.99)
新鲜水果≤1次---
喝豆浆≤1次---
吃早餐有时吃28.24<0.0011.21(1.13~1.29)
从来不吃8.310.0041.22(1.06~1.39)
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2024年内蒙古儿童青少年血压偏高与饮食行为的关联研究及预测模型的构建
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李国峰 1 , 张秀红 1 , 杨田 1 , 赵静 1 , 赵菊芳 1 , 田淑娟 1 , 高建琼 1 , 裴浩天 1 , 于冬 1 , 张蓉 1 , 马彩霞 2
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025,52(18): 3297-3303
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025, 52(18): 3297-3303
2024年内蒙古儿童青少年血压偏高与饮食行为的关联研究及预测模型的构建
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李国峰1, 张秀红1 , 杨田1, 赵静1, 赵菊芳1, 田淑娟1, 高建琼1, 裴浩天1, 于冬1, 张蓉1, 马彩霞2
作者信息
  • 1.内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,内蒙古自治区 呼和浩特 010031
  • 2.内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 李国峰(1992—),男,硕士,主治医师,研究方向:学校卫生

通讯作者:

张秀红,E-mail:
Study on the association between high blood pressure and dietary behaviors among children and adolescents, Inner Mongolia, 2024 and construction of prediction model
Guo-feng LI1, Xiu-hong ZHANG1 , Tian YANG1, Jing ZHAO1, Ju-fang ZHAO1, Shu-juan TIAN1, Jian-qiong GAO1, Hao-tian PEI1, Dong YU1, Rong ZHANG1, Cai-xia MA2
Affiliations
  • Department of School Health, Comprehensive Disease Prevention and Control Centre of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010031, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503483
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目的

分析内蒙古9~17岁儿童青少年血压偏高与饮食行为的关联,为内蒙古儿童青少年血压偏高情况制定针对性的预防措施。

方法

数据来源于全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案,于每年9月采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,共纳入129 821名中小学生。采用χ2检验进行单因素的分析,多因素分析采用二元logistic回归,通过列线图对血压偏高进行风险预测。

结果

内蒙古9~17岁儿童青少年总体血压偏高为16.23%,以单纯性收缩压增高为主,按性别划分,男女生总体血压偏高率分别为15.42%、17.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.38,P<0.001);按学段划分小学、初中、高中总体血压偏高率分别为14.95%、16.89%、17.77%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=124.95,P<0.001)。Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,女生的血压偏高风险高于男生(OR=1.13,95% CI:1.10~1.17),初中生、高中生的血压偏高风险高于小学生[OR分别为1.14(95% CI:1.10~1.18),1.18(95% CI:1.13~1.23)],旗县学生的血压偏高风险低于城区学生(OR=0.89,95% CI:0.86~0.92),蒙古族和其他学生的血压偏高率低于汉族学生[OR分别为0.96(95% CI:0.92~0.99),0.93(95% CI:0.87~0.99],每周吃油炸食品次数≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.86,95% CI:0.77~0.97),每周吃巧克力≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.94,95% CI:0.91~0.97),每周吃黄油的次数≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.95,95% CI:0.92~0.98),每周吃糕点的次数≤1次的血压偏高风险低于≥2次的学生(OR=0.93,95% CI:0.90~0.96),每周喝豆浆次数≤1次的血压偏高风险高于≥2次的学生(OR=1.13,95% CI:1.03~1.24),天天吃早餐的学生血压偏高风险高于有时吃或从来不吃的学生[OR分别是1.15(95% CI:1.11~1.19),1.23(95% CI:1.15~1.31)]。

结论

饮食行为与儿童青少年血压偏高密切相关,在今后的预防措施中应积极从这方面入手。

内蒙古  /  学生  /  血压偏高  /  饮食行为  /  预测模型
Objective

To analyse the association between high blood pressure and dietary behaviors among children and adolescents aged 9 to 17 years in Inner Mongolia, and to develop targeted preventive measures for high blood pressure among children and adolescents in Inner Mongolia.

Methods

The data were obtained from the National Monitoring and Intervention Work Program for Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors in Students, and a total of 129 821 primary and secondary school students were included in the stratified random cluster sampling method in September each year. The χ2 test was used for the analysis of single factors, and binary logistic regression was used for multifactorial analyses, and risk prediction of high blood pressure was performed by column-line plots.

Results

In Inner Mongolia, the overall high blood pressure of children and adolescents aged 9-17 years was 16.23%, with simple systolic blood pressure increase as the main cause. By gender, the overall high blood pressure rates of boys and girls were 15.42% and 17.05%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=63.38, P<0.001); the overall high blood pressure rates of primary schools, junior high school, and high school were 14.95%, 16.89%, and 17.77%, respectively, according to the school segments. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=124.95, P<0.001). Logistic regression model analysis showed that the risk of high blood pressure was higher in female students than in male students (OR=1.13, 95% CI:1.10-1.17), and the risk of high blood pressure was higher in junior high school and high school students than in primary school students [OR=1.14(95% CI:1.10-1.18), 1.18(95% CI:1.13-1.23), respectively], the risk of high blood pressure was lower for students in flag counties than for students in urban areas (OR=0.89,95% CI:0.86-0.92), and the rate of high blood pressure was lower for Mongolian and other students than for Han Chinese students [OR=0.96(95% CI:0.92-0.99), and 0.93(95% CI:0.87-0.99)], the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate fried food ≤1 time per week than for those who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.86,95% CI:0.77-0.97), the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate chocolate ≤1 time per week than for those who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.94,95% CI:0.91-0.97), and the risk of high BP was lower for those who ate butter ≤1 time per week had a lower risk of high blood pressure than students who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.95,95% CI:0.92-0.98), ate pastry ≤1 time per week had a lower risk of high blood pressure than students who ate it ≥2 times per week (OR=0.93,95% CI:0.90-0.96), and drank soya milk ≤1 time per week had a higher risk of high blood pressure than students who drank it ≥2 times per week (OR=1.13,95% CI:1.03-1.24), and students who ate breakfast every day had a higher risk of high blood pressure than those who ate it sometimes or never [OR=1.15(95% CI:1.11-1.19),1.23(95% CI:1.15-1.31), respectively].

Conclusion

Dietary behaviour is closely associated with high blood pressure in children and adolescents, and this aspect should be actively addressed in future preventive measures.

Inner Mongolia  /  Students  /  High blood pressure  /  Dietary behavior  /  Prediction model
李国峰, 张秀红, 杨田, 赵静, 赵菊芳, 田淑娟, 高建琼, 裴浩天, 于冬, 张蓉, 马彩霞. 2024年内蒙古儿童青少年血压偏高与饮食行为的关联研究及预测模型的构建. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (18) : 3297 -3303 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503483
Guo-feng LI, Xiu-hong ZHANG, Tian YANG, Jing ZHAO, Ju-fang ZHAO, Shu-juan TIAN, Jian-qiong GAO, Hao-tian PEI, Dong YU, Rong ZHANG, Cai-xia MA. Study on the association between high blood pressure and dietary behaviors among children and adolescents, Inner Mongolia, 2024 and construction of prediction model[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (18) : 3297 -3303 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503483
随着社会经济的快速发展和膳食模式的改变,我国高血压的检出率逐年上升,且呈现低龄化的趋势,儿童青少年血压偏高问题已经成为重要的健康问题[1]。我国约有4.0%的儿童血压水平处于持续升高状态[2]。昆明市的一项相关研究表明当地儿童青少年血压偏高检出率为14.80%[3],血压具有明显的“轨迹现象”,即血压偏高的儿童青少年在成年后发展为高血压的风险较高[4-5]。相关研究表明儿童青少年血压偏高与靶器官的损伤有关[6],因此,儿童青少年血压偏高对儿童青少年的健康至关重要。既往研究也表明[7-8]肥胖、缺乏体育锻炼及不健康的生活方式等与血压偏高密切相关,张茜等[9]的研究表明不健康的饮食习惯会增加血压偏高的发生率,但关于具体的饮食行为与血压的相关研究还较少,因此,了解儿童青少年血压的变化趋势,深入探讨具体的饮食行为与血压偏高的相关因素,对防控儿童青少年不同类型血压偏高具有重要意义。本次研究依托全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案[10],具体探讨饮食行为与儿童青少年血压偏高的关系。
数据收集范围覆盖内蒙古全区,采用随机分层整群抽样的方法,每个城区随机抽取2所小学、2所初中、2所普通高中和1所职业高中,每个旗县随机选取2所小学、2所初中和1所普通高中,以年级分层,每个年级至少选取2个班级,整班作为研究对象,保证每个年级抽取≥80名学生,研究人数达不到调查要求时可由附近同类学校作为补充。本研究共纳入129 821名中小学生。参与学生均签署知情同意书,研究已通过内蒙古自治区疾病控制中心伦理委员会审批(202309271)。
本次研究数据均依托于全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案,调查内容应包括研究对象的年龄、性别、地区、体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)等基本特征。
血压偏高:采用《7岁~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值》(WS/T610—2018)[11]:男女生SBP和DBP≥同年龄、同性别、同身高百分位血压P95者分别为单纯性收缩压偏高和单纯性舒张压偏高;SBP和DBP同时≥同年龄、同性别、同身高百分位血压P95者定义为混合性血压偏高;单纯性收缩压偏高、单纯性舒张压偏高、混合性血压偏高统称为血压偏高;SBP和(或)DBP≥同年龄、同性别、同身高百分位血压P90但小于P95者定义为血压偏高前期。
为保证高质量的问卷,调查前所有工作人员进行集中培训,调查中确保不受他人干扰,调查后对问卷进行详细核查及时剔除有明显错误的问卷,现场随机选取5%的学生进行复查。
使用SPSS 26.0及R 4.3.3进行数据分析,单因素分析采用χ2检验,将单因素分析中有统计学意义的影响因素纳入二元logistic回归方法进行探索,绘制列线图预测模型,以P<0.05为有统计学意义。
研究表明不同性别、学段、城乡、民族、每周吃油炸食品、巧克力、糖果、冰淇淋、黄油、糕点、新鲜水果、乳制品、喝豆浆和吃早餐的血压偏高的检出率均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),每周吃饼干、吃新鲜蔬菜和点外卖的次数的血压偏高检出率不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。见表1
研究表明学段、城乡、每周吃巧克力、冰淇淋、黄油、糕点、乳制品、喝豆浆和吃早餐学生单纯收缩压偏高的检出率均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别、城乡、民族、每周吃巧克力、冰淇淋、黄油和吃早餐学生单纯舒张压偏高的检出率均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别、学段、城乡、每周吃巧克力、糖果、黄油、糕点、乳制品和吃早餐学生收缩压和舒张压均偏高的检出率均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);民族、每周吃油炸食品次数、吃冰淇淋、吃饼干、吃新鲜水果、新鲜蔬菜、吃乳制品、喝豆浆、点外卖学生收缩压和舒张压都偏高的检出率无统计学意义(P>0.05)。见表2
本研究以是否血压偏高为因变量,将单因素分析中有统计学意义的变量纳入logistic回归分析中,结果显示,女生、初中及以上、喝豆浆次数≤1次、有时吃或从来不吃早餐的学生血压偏高的检出率较高,吃油炸食品≤1次、吃巧克力≤1次、吃黄油≤1次、吃糕点≤1次的学生血压偏高的检出率较低。见表3
本研究以不同类型的血压偏高为因变量,将单因素分析中有统计学意义的变量纳入logistic回归分析中,结果显示,初中及以上、旗县学生、喝豆浆次数≤1次、有时吃或从来不吃早餐的学生单纯舒张压偏高的检出率较高,每周吃巧克力≤1次、每周吃糕点次数≤1次的学生单纯收缩压偏高的检出率较低;女生、有时吃或从来不吃早餐的学生单纯舒张压偏高的检出率较高,初中及以上、居住在旗县、蒙古族和其他民族、每周黄油或其他涂抹酱≤1次的学生单纯舒张压偏高的检出率较低;女生、有时吃或从来不吃早餐的学生收缩压和舒张压均偏高的检出率较高,初中及以上、吃巧克力≤1次、使用黄油≤1次、吃糕点≤1次的学生收缩压和舒张压均偏高的检出率较低。见表4
模型结果显示,影响内蒙古中小学生血压偏高的因素较多,女生、高中生、从来不吃早餐、居住在城区、每周吃油炸食品的次数≥2次、每周黄油或其他涂抹酱的次数≥2次、每周喝豆浆的次数≥2次、每周吃巧克力的次数≥2次、每周糕点的次数≥2次的学生,血压偏高得分越高,即存在的风险越大。
研究结果表明,2024年内蒙古中小学生的总体血压偏高率为16.23%,高于2019年全国普查的平均水平(13.0%)[12],也高于2023年新疆中小学生的血压偏高率(8.18%),以单纯性收缩压偏高为主,与既往的研究结果一致[13-14]。已有研究表明舒张压比收缩压偏高更能准确的反应儿童青少年心血管疾病的风险[15]。舒张压偏高对于青年期的评价效果较好,表明对儿童青少年的血压防控重点应具体针对舒张压偏高的情况进行防控。
多因素研究结果表明,女生单纯舒张压偏高风险大于男生,与廉启国、张云婷等[16-17]的研究结果一致,可能与女生青春期早于男生有关。旗县学生单纯舒张压偏高风险低于城区,与安徽省[18]的研究结果一致,可能与城市经济发达、食物丰富等原因有关。研究表明汉族学生单纯舒张压偏高风险大于蒙古族和其他民族。但相关的原因还需进一步进行深入的探讨。
本研究表明不同饮食行为是血压偏高的主要影响因素。巧克力和黄油、油炸食品等属于高脂肪饮食,相关研究[17]表明高脂肪饮食摄入量多会增加血液中的胆固醇和甘油三酯水平,导致血管壁增厚、硬化,血管弹性降低,从而增加外周阻力,使血压升高。喝豆浆次数少是血压偏高发生的危险因素,有时吃或从来不吃早餐是血压偏高的危险因素。相关研究表明不吃早餐的儿童青少年整体更倾向于不健康的饮食模式和生活方式,从而增加心血管代谢风险[19]。相关研究[20]表明生活方式聚类与某些代谢疾病之间存在关联。研究结果表明[21]喝含糖饮料次数多是血压偏高的危险因素,过多的摄入添加糖会导致血糖升高,血糖升高会引起胰岛素抵抗,胰岛素抵抗不仅会进一步升高血糖,也会促进钠离子的潴留,增加血容量,导致血压的升高。也有研究表明[22]摄入高糖高脂饮食会引起瘦素抵抗,瘦素抵抗会导致大脑无法准确感知身体的能量状态,从而无法有效抑制食欲,导致过度进食,发生肥胖,而肥胖是血压升高的重要危险因素之一。
通过本次具体的饮食行为与儿童青少年不同类型血压偏高的研究,表明饮食情况与儿童青少年不同类型的血压偏高均相关,儿童青少年的血压偏高的影响因素是复杂的,基于此次研究,儿童青少年可以减少摄入含糖饮料、油炸食品、糕点、巧克力等各种食品的次数从而有效降低血压偏高的情况。
本研究的优点在于样本量大,在内蒙古地区具有一定的代表性,研究的缺点在于属于横断面研究,无法得出具体的因果关系,在未来的研究可以进行相关的队列研究,进一步探索其存在的因果关系;相关的饮食情况采用问卷调查的形式,可能存在回忆偏倚。
  • 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2024QN08077)
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2025年第52卷第18期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503483
  • 接收时间:2025-03-25
  • 首发时间:2026-02-10
  • 出版时间:2025-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-25
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内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2024QN08077)
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    1.内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,内蒙古自治区 呼和浩特 010031
    2.内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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