Article(id=1311350369800778597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350193946194882, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202604068, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1775404800000, receivedDateStr=2026-04-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790579891872, onlineDateStr=2026-09-28, pubDate=1786291200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790579891872, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790579891872, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790579891872, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311350193946194882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='15', pageStart='2689', pageEnd='2880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1786291200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790579849945, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790588319569, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1311385718195315029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350193946194882, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1311385718195315030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311350193946194882, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2872, endPage=2880, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311350370031465318, articleId=1311350369800778597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Alleviating effect of Hanfangji formula on silica particle-induced pulmonary fibrosis, columnId=1228016569138213037, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Clinical Medicine and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the therapeutic effect of Hanfangji formula on silica particle-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and to explore its potential mechanisms.

Methods

A mouse model of silicosis was established by a single intratracheal instillation of silica suspension. Seventy C57 mice were randomly divided into a blank control group, exposure group, low-,medium-, and high-dose Hanfangji groups, drug safety group, and positive control group (nintedanib). Mice were administered drugs by gavage for 56 days after exposure. Body weight, lung weight coefficient, and peripheral blood leukocyte counts were measured. Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of CD86+ macrophages in lung and spleen tissues. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of α-SMA and GSDMD-NT proteins in lung tissues. Histopathological changes and collagen deposition were assessed by HE staining and Masson staining.

Results

Following silica exposure, the Ashcroft score of lung tissue in mice increased from 0.48±0.20 points in the control group to 6.72±0.28 points (P<0.01). The proportion of CD86+macrophages increased from 17.0%±1.6% to 40.2%±5.0% (P<0.001), accompanied by significant upregulation of α-SMA and GSDMD-NT protein expression. After intervention with Hanfangji Formula, all of the above indicators were markedly improved.Among them, the Ashcroft score in the medium-dose group decreased to 1.68±0.24 points(P<0.01).

Conclusion

Hanfangji formula can alleviate silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, which may be associated with inhibition of inflammatory responses, regulation of macrophage polarization, and reduction of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis.

, authors=Tian-yuan CHEN, Yi-lin JIANG, Ze-yan LI, Qi-xue BAO, Yu-qin YAO, Dong-sheng WU, Li-jun PENG, Ling ZHANG, authorsList=Tian-yuan CHEN, Yi-lin JIANG, Ze-yan LI, Qi-xue BAO, Yu-qin YAO, Dong-sheng WU, Li-jun PENG, Ling ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ling ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311350374288683910, articleId=1311350369800778597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=汉防己方剂对二氧化硅颗粒致肺纤维化的缓解作用研究, columnId=1228016570119680182, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=临床与预防, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨汉防己方剂对二氧化硅颗粒诱导小鼠肺纤维化的干预作用及可能机制。

方法

采用一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液建立小鼠矽肺模型,将70只C57小鼠随机分为空白对照组、暴露组、中药低、中、高剂量组、药物安全性组及阳性对照组(尼达尼布),暴露后连续灌胃给药56 d。检测小鼠体重、肺重系数及外周血白细胞计数;采用流式细胞术检测肺及脾组织CD86+巨噬细胞比例;Western blot检测肺组织α-SMA与GSDMD-NT蛋白表达;苏木精-伊红染色及Masson染色观察肺组织病理改变及胶原沉积。

结果

二氧化硅暴露后,小鼠肺组织Ashcroft评分由空白组的(0.48±0.20)分升高至(6.72±0.28)分(P<0.01);CD86+巨噬细胞比例由(17.0%±1.6%)升高至(40.2%±5.0%)(P<0.001),同时α-SMA及GSDMD-NT蛋白表达显著增加。汉防己方剂干预后上述指标均明显改善,其中中剂量组Ashcroft评分降至(1.68±0.24)分(P<0.01)。

结论

汉防己方剂可缓解二氧化硅诱导的小鼠肺纤维化,其作用可能与抑制炎症反应、调节巨噬细胞极化及减轻GSDMD介导的细胞焦亡有关。

, authors=陈天源, 姜逸林, 李泽艳, 鲍其雪, 姚于勤, 伍东升, 彭莉君, 张凌, authorsList=陈天源, 姜逸林, 李泽艳, 鲍其雪, 姚于勤, 伍东升, 彭莉君, 张凌, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张凌, authorNote=

陈天源(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生毒理学

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张凌,E-mail:
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Comparative study on pharmacological effects of Fritillaria thunbergii and its processed product Huibei[J]. West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2026, 41(1): 21-25.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Comparative study on pharmacological effects of Fritillaria thunbergii and its processed product Huibei, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1311350380097795028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, awardId=2023YFC2509300, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2509300), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1311350380160709589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, awardId=U23A20495, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金联合项目(U23A20495), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350374510982023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350374519370632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, companyId=1311350374510982023, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Health Toxicology and Pathology, West China School of Public Health /West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350374527759241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, companyId=1311350374510982023, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院卫生毒理学与病理学系,四川省教育厅分子毒理学重点实验室,四川 成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311350378239718334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Body weight changes of mice (n=9), figureFileSmall=cje75lS5960vzjLxI2fF5g==, figureFileBig=QqR7d2jhJ/sWFfF5HG0NGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350378323604415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图1, caption=小鼠体重变化(n=9)

注:数据以()表示。

, figureFileSmall=cje75lS5960vzjLxI2fF5g==, figureFileBig=QqR7d2jhJ/sWFfF5HG0NGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350378508153792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption= Lung relative weight of mice (n=7-9), figureFileSmall=WsbQ/6yxVeBVIi3kn8JCEg==, figureFileBig=/1HFn4IbAZl8jSm+8wrzlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350378575262657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图2, caption=小鼠肺比重(n=7~9)

注:数据以()表示。

, figureFileSmall=WsbQ/6yxVeBVIi3kn8JCEg==, figureFileBig=/1HFn4IbAZl8jSm+8wrzlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350378659148738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption= Time-course of blood leukocyte counts in silica-exposed mice after Hanfangji formula treatment (n=6-9), figureFileSmall=2uKX12Xiwq/8SFQB+Fdtpg==, figureFileBig=ivQ5ggjm7tGi0djmvoIqgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350378755617731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图3, caption=汉防己方剂处理后二氧化硅暴露小鼠血液WBC随时间变化(n=6~9), figureFileSmall=2uKX12Xiwq/8SFQB+Fdtpg==, figureFileBig=ivQ5ggjm7tGi0djmvoIqgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350378843698116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption= Flow cytometry analysis of pulmonary macrophages in silica-exposed mice after treatment with Hanfangji formula (n=3), figureFileSmall=5Pz8+Sstev6FxNA5SfVeCQ==, figureFileBig=6kNvbJGXFMGjJFp6rczfaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350378927584197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图4, caption=汉防己方剂处理后二氧化硅暴露小鼠肺组织巨噬细胞流式细胞术(n=3)

注:图A为各组小鼠肺组织流式细胞术等高线图;图B为各组小鼠肺组织流式细胞术显示的CD86+细胞占比。

, figureFileSmall=5Pz8+Sstev6FxNA5SfVeCQ==, figureFileBig=6kNvbJGXFMGjJFp6rczfaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379003081670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Flow cytometry analysis of splenic macrophages in silicosis mice after Hanfangji formula treatment (n=3), figureFileSmall=zHOzPb/LZkSet4yPy4jnXg==, figureFileBig=SnNOFMis+dmQNjqA4no8rA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379061801927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图5, caption=汉防己方剂处理后矽肺小鼠脾组织巨噬细胞流式细胞术(n=3)

注:图A为各组小鼠脾组织流式细胞术等高线图;图B为各组小鼠脾组织流式细胞术显示的CD86+细胞占比。

, figureFileSmall=zHOzPb/LZkSet4yPy4jnXg==, figureFileBig=SnNOFMis+dmQNjqA4no8rA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379154076616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Expression of α-SMA and GSDMD-NT in mouse lung tissues (n=3), figureFileSmall=5HIiiG2L3cTh13M9wII9eQ==, figureFileBig=PC4QrYRZmdakA5Axwfm2tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379229574089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图6, caption=小鼠肺组织中α-SMA和GSDMD-NT的表达(n=3)

注:图A为各组小鼠肺组织蛋白印迹结果(图中B、Z、S、N、L、M、H组分别为空白组、药物安全性组、暴露组、阳性对照组、中药低、中、高剂量组);图B为各组小鼠α-SMA的相对表达量;图C为各组小鼠GSDMD-NT的相对表达量。

, figureFileSmall=5HIiiG2L3cTh13M9wII9eQ==, figureFileBig=PC4QrYRZmdakA5Axwfm2tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379288294346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Histopathological changes in mouse lung tissues by H&E staining, figureFileSmall=F8prY008weOkl9kmEvqdsQ==, figureFileBig=ZcqNLpUv8kqKOkhJhWysjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379359597515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图7, caption=小鼠肺组织HE染色病理学变化

注:图中绿色箭头表示炎性细胞浸润(HE染色,×400);黄色箭头表示肺间隔增厚与肺泡结构破坏。

, figureFileSmall=F8prY008weOkl9kmEvqdsQ==, figureFileBig=ZcqNLpUv8kqKOkhJhWysjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379426706380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Collagen deposition in mouse lung tissues assessed by Masson’s trichrome staining, figureFileSmall=nTld/Ek5shbB6KgHgnL4rA==, figureFileBig=4vfNV4mIrX7rOT82oFyJSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379510592461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图8, caption=小鼠肺组织Masson染色胶原沉积情况

注:Masson染色(×400);图A为各组织小鼠肺组织Masson染色切片;图B为各组小鼠肺组织胶原容积分数(n=3)。

, figureFileSmall=nTld/Ek5shbB6KgHgnL4rA==, figureFileBig=4vfNV4mIrX7rOT82oFyJSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379590284238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=Serum liver function markers in mice, figureFileSmall=UrEHw3Icz78gsrg8SMFFYw==, figureFileBig=n2C6OIcp+/LI8k3j5aOE3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379653198799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=图9, caption=小鼠血清肝功能指标

注:图A为各组小鼠血清AST指标;图B为各组小鼠血清ALT指标(n=3)。

, figureFileSmall=UrEHw3Icz78gsrg8SMFFYw==, figureFileBig=n2C6OIcp+/LI8k3j5aOE3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311350379728696272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Animal experimental groups and treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别动物数量给药浓度给药方式
空白对照组10一次性气管内滴注生理盐水(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃生理盐水(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
暴露组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃生理盐水(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
中药低剂量组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃低浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
中药中剂量组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃中浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
中药高剂量组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃高浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
药物安全性组10一次性气管内滴注生理盐水(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃低浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
阳性对照组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃尼达尼布60 mg/(kg·d)气管插管+灌胃
), ArticleFig(id=1311350379812582353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

动物实验分组及处理方式

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别动物数量给药浓度给药方式
空白对照组10一次性气管内滴注生理盐水(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃生理盐水(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
暴露组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃生理盐水(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
中药低剂量组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃低浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
中药中剂量组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃中浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
中药高剂量组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃高浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
药物安全性组10一次性气管内滴注生理盐水(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃低浓度中药液(135 μl/20 g)气管插管+灌胃
阳性对照组10一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g),每日灌胃尼达尼布60 mg/(kg·d)气管插管+灌胃
), ArticleFig(id=1311350379883885522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Ashcroft score of pulmonary fibrosis in each group[n=6, ()]

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组别nAshcroft评分(分)
空白对照组60.48±0.20
药物安全性组60.55±0.23
暴露组66.72±0.28 **
阳性对照组62.05±0.26 ##
低剂量组63.62±0.31 ##
中剂量组61.68±0.24 ##
高剂量组62.42±0.29 ##△
), ArticleFig(id=1311350379971965907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350369800778597, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组小鼠肺组织Ashcroft评分[n=6,()]

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组别nAshcroft评分(分)
空白对照组60.48±0.20
药物安全性组60.55±0.23
暴露组66.72±0.28 **
阳性对照组62.05±0.26 ##
低剂量组63.62±0.31 ##
中剂量组61.68±0.24 ##
高剂量组62.42±0.29 ##△
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汉防己方剂对二氧化硅颗粒致肺纤维化的缓解作用研究
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陈天源 , 姜逸林 , 李泽艳 , 鲍其雪 , 姚于勤 , 伍东升 , 彭莉君 , 张凌
现代预防医学 | 临床与预防 2026,53(15): 2872-2880
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现代预防医学 |临床与预防 2026 , 53 (15) : 2872 -2880
汉防己方剂对二氧化硅颗粒致肺纤维化的缓解作用研究
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陈天源, 姜逸林, 李泽艳, 鲍其雪, 姚于勤, 伍东升, 彭莉君, 张凌
作者信息
  • 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院卫生毒理学与病理学系,四川省教育厅分子毒理学重点实验室,四川 成都 610041
通讯作者:
张凌,E-mail:
作者简介:

陈天源(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生毒理学

Alleviating effect of Hanfangji formula on silica particle-induced pulmonary fibrosis
Tian-yuan CHEN, Yi-lin JIANG, Ze-yan LI, Qi-xue BAO, Yu-qin YAO, Dong-sheng WU, Li-jun PENG, Ling ZHANG
Affiliations
  • Department of Health Toxicology and Pathology, West China School of Public Health /West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041,China
出版时间: 2026-08-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202604068
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目的

探讨汉防己方剂对二氧化硅颗粒诱导小鼠肺纤维化的干预作用及可能机制。

方法

采用一次性气管内滴注二氧化硅悬液建立小鼠矽肺模型,将70只C57小鼠随机分为空白对照组、暴露组、中药低、中、高剂量组、药物安全性组及阳性对照组(尼达尼布),暴露后连续灌胃给药56 d。检测小鼠体重、肺重系数及外周血白细胞计数;采用流式细胞术检测肺及脾组织CD86+巨噬细胞比例;Western blot检测肺组织α-SMA与GSDMD-NT蛋白表达;苏木精-伊红染色及Masson染色观察肺组织病理改变及胶原沉积。

结果

二氧化硅暴露后,小鼠肺组织Ashcroft评分由空白组的(0.48±0.20)分升高至(6.72±0.28)分(P<0.01);CD86+巨噬细胞比例由(17.0%±1.6%)升高至(40.2%±5.0%)(P<0.001),同时α-SMA及GSDMD-NT蛋白表达显著增加。汉防己方剂干预后上述指标均明显改善,其中中剂量组Ashcroft评分降至(1.68±0.24)分(P<0.01)。

结论

汉防己方剂可缓解二氧化硅诱导的小鼠肺纤维化,其作用可能与抑制炎症反应、调节巨噬细胞极化及减轻GSDMD介导的细胞焦亡有关。

矽肺  /  汉防己方剂  /  肺纤维化  /  细胞焦亡  /  巨噬细胞
Objective

To investigate the therapeutic effect of Hanfangji formula on silica particle-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and to explore its potential mechanisms.

Methods

A mouse model of silicosis was established by a single intratracheal instillation of silica suspension. Seventy C57 mice were randomly divided into a blank control group, exposure group, low-,medium-, and high-dose Hanfangji groups, drug safety group, and positive control group (nintedanib). Mice were administered drugs by gavage for 56 days after exposure. Body weight, lung weight coefficient, and peripheral blood leukocyte counts were measured. Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of CD86+ macrophages in lung and spleen tissues. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of α-SMA and GSDMD-NT proteins in lung tissues. Histopathological changes and collagen deposition were assessed by HE staining and Masson staining.

Results

Following silica exposure, the Ashcroft score of lung tissue in mice increased from 0.48±0.20 points in the control group to 6.72±0.28 points (P<0.01). The proportion of CD86+macrophages increased from 17.0%±1.6% to 40.2%±5.0% (P<0.001), accompanied by significant upregulation of α-SMA and GSDMD-NT protein expression. After intervention with Hanfangji Formula, all of the above indicators were markedly improved.Among them, the Ashcroft score in the medium-dose group decreased to 1.68±0.24 points(P<0.01).

Conclusion

Hanfangji formula can alleviate silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, which may be associated with inhibition of inflammatory responses, regulation of macrophage polarization, and reduction of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis.

Silicosis  /  Hanfangji formula  /  Pulmonary fibrosis  /  Pyroptosis  /  Macrophages
陈天源, 姜逸林, 李泽艳, 鲍其雪, 姚于勤, 伍东升, 彭莉君, 张凌. 汉防己方剂对二氧化硅颗粒致肺纤维化的缓解作用研究. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (15) : 2872 -2880 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202604068
Tian-yuan CHEN, Yi-lin JIANG, Ze-yan LI, Qi-xue BAO, Yu-qin YAO, Dong-sheng WU, Li-jun PENG, Ling ZHANG. Alleviating effect of Hanfangji formula on silica particle-induced pulmonary fibrosis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (15) : 2872 -2880 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202604068
在全球公共卫生领域,职业性尘肺病仍是一项严峻挑战。尘肺病是由于工人在职业活动中长期吸入生产性粉尘,粉尘在肺内蓄积并诱导持续的氧化应激和慢性炎症反应,最终导致成纤维细胞异常增殖及肺纤维化[1]。尽管各国疾病负担存在差异,但总体形势依然严峻。在发展中国家,尘肺发病率虽有所下降,但庞大的患者基数仍造成沉重医疗负担[2]。在美国、澳大利亚等发达国家,人工石材加工及牛仔布喷砂等新兴行业中矽肺和煤工尘肺病例也不断被报道[3]。
中医药在慢性肺部疾病防治方面具有独特优势。中药复方通过多成分、多靶点和多通路协同作用,可在炎症调控、免疫调节及抗纤维化等方面发挥综合干预作用。研究表明,具有清热解毒、活血化瘀和化痰散结作用的中药或复方可在一定程度上减轻矽肺动物模型中的炎症反应和胶原沉积,延缓肺纤维化进程,其机制可能与调控氧化应激、抑制炎症因子释放及干预成纤维细胞活化有关[4]。
汉防己(Stephania tetrandrine S. Moore)是传统中药,其主要活性成分汉防己甲素(tetrandrine)具有抗炎、抗纤维化和免疫调节作用。研究显示,汉防己甲素可减轻二氧化硅诱导的肺组织炎症和纤维化,降低炎症因子和纤维化相关蛋白表达并减少胶原沉积[5],同时抑制IL-6等炎症介质产生及氧自由基释放[6]。既往研究亦提示含汉防己的复方中药在职业性肺病及其他肺纤维化中具有改善炎症和纤维化进程的作用[7]。基于此,本研究构建由汉防己、生地、太子参、丹参、浙贝母和甘草组成的汉防己方剂,通过多成分协同干预炎症反应、免疫失衡及纤维化过程,和汉防己甲素单体相比,复方配伍可能通过协同作用增加疗效并减少毒性。系统评价该方剂对二氧化硅诱导肺纤维化的干预效果并探讨其作用机制,对阐明其防治矽肺的潜在价值具有重要意义。
实验动物选用SPF级8周龄C57雄性小鼠(25±3) g,购自北京维通利华实验动物有限公司,在四川大学华西药学院动物房适应性饲养1周。饲养条件为温度(22±2) °C、湿度50%~60%,正常昼夜节律,自由饮食饮水。实验动物管理符合《四川大学实验动物管理条例》,并经四川大学华西第四医院机构动物护理与使用委员会(IACUC)批准(Gwll2025069),实验过程遵循美国国立卫生研究院指南。
二氧化硅粉末购自北京福斯曼科技有限公司;汉防己方剂(汉防己、生地、太子参、丹参、浙贝母、甘草)购自四川大学华西第四医院。主要试剂包括Tris、SDS、Glycine、BSA、4%多聚甲醛固定液及Western blot相关试剂购自赛默飞;Anti-GSDMD、Anti-GAPDH、Anti-α-SMA抗体及HRP标记二抗购自华安生物。
汉防己方剂配伍为:粉防己、熟地黄、太子参、丹参各9 g,浙贝母6 g,甘草3 g。药材均为同一批次(批号:20230801),按药材量8倍体积加水浸泡30 min后煎煮3次(每次1 h),合并滤液浓缩制成颗粒剂。粉防己中汉防己甲素含量经高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)检测为1.8 mg/g。制备过程中统一加水量、煎煮次数、浓缩温度及干燥条件,以保证方剂稳定性与可重复性。
本实验选用健康雄性C57小鼠70只,随机分为七组(每组10只)。中药复方总量45 g/d,按成人与小鼠体重折算得低剂量6.75 g/(kg·d)[8],对应提取液浓度1 g/ml,灌胃135 μl/20 g。低、中、高剂量组分别为6.75、13.5和27 g/(kg·d)(对应提取液浓度1、2和4 g/ml)。硅尘暴露采用一次性气管内灌注二氧化硅悬液(50 μl/20 g,50 mg/ml),暴露后每日给予相应中药液灌胃,连续56 d。各组安排如下:(1)空白对照组:灌注生理盐水,灌胃等体积生理盐水;(2)暴露组:灌注二氧化硅,灌胃生理盐水;(3)中药治疗低、中、高剂量组:暴露后分别灌胃6.75、13.5和27 g/(kg·d)中药液;(4)药物安全性组:灌注生理盐水,灌胃27 g/(kg·d)中药液;(5)阳性对照组:暴露后灌胃尼达尼布60 mg/(kg·d)。见表1。
小鼠体重用于评估生长状况及药物安全性。实验在第0 d及灌胃处理后的第5、8、14、30和56 d共测定6次。
实验结束后,小鼠处死并迅速解剖,收集两肺,吸干表面血液后称取湿重(mg)。肺重系数按下式计算:
为评估不同处理对小鼠炎症反应的影响,实验在第14 d和第30 d通过眶静脉采血进行血常规检测。血样短期于4 °C保存,并尽量在1 h内完成检测,使用自动血细胞分析仪小鼠模式测定白细胞总数(white blood cell count,WBC)等指标。通过比较各组WBC变化评估矽肺模型诱导的炎症及中药干预作用。
小鼠处死后立即解剖获取肺脏和脾脏,制备单细胞悬液。肺组织研磨后,细胞悬液4 °C、离心半径8 cm,4 000 r/min离心5 min,弃上清,加入1 ml红细胞裂解液室温孵育5 min,再加1 ml 碛酸盐缓冲液(phosphate buffered saline,PBS)终止裂解并离心,重悬于200 μl PBS备用。脾脏置于生理盐水中研磨成均匀悬液,加入1 ml红细胞裂解液室温孵育5 min,加入1 ml PBS混匀后4 °C、2 500 r/min离心5 min,重悬于200 μl PBS。流式染色时,将肺或脾细胞3 000 r/min、4 °C离心5 min后弃上清,加入CD45、F4/80、CD86、CD206、CD11b抗体混合液冰上避光孵育30 min。孵育后离心洗涤两次,最终重悬于100 μl流式细胞缓冲液,立即进行检测与分析。
小鼠肺组织加入放射免疫沉淀裂解液及苯甲基磺酰氟充分研磨裂解,离心收集上清作为总蛋白,二喹啉甲酸法(bicinchoninic acid assay,BCA)法测定浓度并调整一致后于-20 °C保存。蛋白样品经十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)分离后转移至聚偏二氟乙烯(polyvinylidene difluoride,PVDF)膜,封闭后一抗4°C孵育过夜,洗膜后加入二抗室温孵育并再次洗膜,随后加入显影液显影。利用凝胶成像系统获取条带图像,Image J软件定量分析,计算目标蛋白相对内参蛋白的表达水平。
小鼠肺组织经气管灌注10%中性福尔马林固定约24 h,常规脱水、透明、石蜡包埋后切制约4 μm连续切片。切片脱蜡复水后进行苏木精-伊红染色(hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)评估肺部病理改变,并进行Ashcroft评分;并行Masson三色染色显示胶原沉积及纤维化。Masson切片在显微镜下随机选取高倍视野,利用Image J测定胶原纤维面积占比,计算胶原容积分数(collagen volume fraction,CVF),客观评价肺组织纤维化程度。
本文中图表用Graphpad Prism 9生成与分析,数据以来表示。样本多组间比较用单因素方差分析(血常规分析中第14 d与第30 d数据采用重复测量方差分析),组间比较采用Dunnet-t检验。两组间数据若呈正态分布且方差齐则比较时采用t检验,否则使用Mann-Whitney U检验。检验水准α=0.05。
在56 d实验周期内,各组小鼠体重总体均缓慢增加。空白组体重由23.6 g增至26.9 g,二氧化硅暴露组由23.5 g增至27.9 g,与空白组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示短期暴露对体重影响有限。中药低、中、高剂量组体重分别由23.7、24.2和24.5 g增至27.4、28.9和31.7 g,呈一定剂量依赖趋势。药物安全性组与高剂量组体重变化相近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。阳性对照组体重由23.3 g增至29.8 g,与各组比较差异均无统计学意义。见图1。
实验结束后测定各组小鼠肺比重,见图2。空白组及药物安全性组肺比重较低且稳定。与空白组相比,二氧化硅暴露组肺比重显著升高(P<0.01)。各中药治疗组肺比重较暴露组略有变化,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);阳性对照组肺比重亦高于空白组(P<0.001)。结果表明,二氧化硅暴露可显著增加小鼠肺比重,而中药干预改善作用有限。
为评估二氧化硅暴露后的炎症反应及药物干预效果,于第14 d和第30 d检测外周血WBC,见图3。第14 d,各组WBC差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。第30 d,暴露组WBC较第14 d显著升高(P<0.001);中药低、中剂量组及阳性对照组WBC较暴露组明显下降(P<0.001),部分指标接近空白组,提示药物干预可减轻炎症反应。
为评价二氧化硅暴露后的肺部炎症反应,检测肺组织CD86阳性细胞比例,见图4。空白组(17.0%±1.6%)及药物安全性组(21.5%±0.9%)水平较低,暴露组(40.2%±5.0%)显著升高(P<0.001)。药物干预后,各治疗组CD86阳性细胞比例均较暴露组下降,其中低、中剂量组下降最明显(P<0.001)。结果表明,中药干预可在一定程度上抑制二氧化硅诱导的促炎型巨噬细胞极化。
为进一步评估二氧化硅暴露对整体免疫系统的影响,检测脾组织CD86阳性细胞比例,见图5。与空白组相比,药物安全性组及暴露组CD86阳性细胞比例均显著升高(P<0.001),其中暴露组为(51.2%±1.2%)。药物干预后,各治疗组CD86阳性比例均较暴露组下降(P<0.001),其中低、中剂量组下降更明显。结果表明,二氧化硅暴露可促进促炎免疫细胞活化,而中药干预可在一定程度上抑制该过程。
为探讨二氧化硅暴露及中药干预对肺纤维化及细胞焦亡的影响,检测肺组织α-SMA及GSDMD-NT蛋白表达,见图6。与空白组相比,暴露组α-SMA及GSDMD-NT表达均显著升高(P<0.001)[9]。中药干预效果呈剂量依赖性,中剂量组α-SMA表达量降低最明显,低、高剂量组仍偏高,提示中剂量抑制纤维化效果最佳[10]。各治疗组GSDMD-NT表达均下降,其中高剂量组下降最显著(P<0.001)。结果表明,中药干预可在一定程度上抑制二氧化硅诱导的细胞焦亡及肺纤维化相关蛋白表达[11-13]。
为评价二氧化硅暴露及中药干预对肺组织病理损伤和纤维化的影响,对各组小鼠肺组织进行HE染色和Masson染色观察。
HE染色结果显示,空白组及药物安全性组肺组织结构完整,无明显炎细胞浸润及纤维化。与空白组相比,二氧化硅暴露组肺组织病变明显,可见大量炎性细胞浸润、肺间质增厚及纤维化形成。经汉防己方剂干预后,各给药组肺组织病理损伤均有所改善,其中中剂量组改善最明显,高剂量组次之。见图7。
Ashcroft评分结果显示,模型组评分较空白组显著升高(P<0.01);各中药干预组评分均明显下降(P<0.01)。其中,中剂量组评分最低,且优于高剂量组(P<0.05)。阳性对照组评分亦显著下降,与中剂量组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),评分结果与HE染色结果一致。见表2。
Masson染色及CVF定量结果显示,空白组和药物安全性组胶原沉积较少,未见明显纤维化;暴露组CVF显著升高(P<0.001),提示二氧化硅可促进肺间质胶原沉积及纤维化形成。中药干预后,各剂量组CVF均较暴露组下降,其中中剂量组下降最明显(P<0.001),接近阳性对照组(P>0.05);高剂量组CVF亦明显降低。见图8。
综合HE及Masson染色结果,二氧化硅暴露可显著诱导肺组织炎症及胶原沉积。中药干预后,各剂量组病理损伤均有所改善,其中中剂量组在减轻炎症及抑制胶原沉积方面效果综合最佳。该结果与肺比重、流式CD86及WB结果基本一致,提示中药干预可在一定程度上减轻肺纤维化。
为评估不同剂量汉防己方剂的安全性及其对肝功能的影响,检测各组小鼠血清中天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)水平。
结果显示,与空白对照组相比,模型组小鼠AST及ALT水平未见显著升高(P>0.05)。各剂量汉防己方剂干预后,小鼠AST及ALT水平均未出现明显异常变化,与空白组及药物安全性组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。同时,高剂量组亦未观察到AST或ALT水平升高的趋势,见图9。上述结果表明,在本研究给药剂量范围内,汉防己方剂未对小鼠肝功能产生明显不良影响,高剂量干预亦未引起显著肝毒性改变。
本研究系统评估了汉防己方剂对二氧化硅诱导小鼠肺纤维化的干预作用。结果显示,汉防己方剂可在一定程度上减轻肺组织炎症及纤维化病变,降低α-SMA、GSDMD-NT表达及CD86+巨噬细胞比例,提示其具有抗炎和抗纤维化作用。该结果与既往中药复方及中药活性成分干预矽肺纤维化的研究结果一致[14-15]。
本研究采用暴露后早期给药模式,以期阻断炎症向纤维化进展。既往研究表明,早期干预可有效抑制炎症反应及细胞外基质沉积,从而延缓纤维化进程[4,16]。但该模式主要反映疾病早期干预效果,对已形成明显纤维化后的治疗作用仍需进一步研究。
本研究中方剂的给药剂量是基于临床人体等效剂量换算至小鼠后进行梯度设计的结果。具体而言,低剂量组对应小鼠的临床人体等效剂量(1×),中剂量组和高剂量组分别设定为该等效剂量的2倍和4倍。该换算过程参考体表面积换算方法,并结合预实验中小鼠的耐受情况进行适当调整,旨在保证安全性的前提下初步探索剂量-效应关系。中剂量组在肺组织纤维化标志物α-SMA、焦亡执行蛋白GSDMD-NT及免疫细胞极化等指标上的改善最显著,而高剂量组虽对焦亡抑制仍有效,但纤维化改善不如中剂量组。这种非线性剂量效应可能反映了中药复方在多成分协调作用下存在的“剂量窗口”特性,即不同剂量在多个信号通路上的调节倾向可能不同,并非剂量越高疗效越强[17-19]。在复杂疾病中,这种现象并不罕见,因为方剂成分可能对免疫调节、炎症抑制及纤维化通路存在浓度依赖性响应。在高剂量条件下,成分间可能产生拮抗或负反馈效应,从而疗效不如中剂量明显[20]。
本研究还发现药物安全性组部分免疫指标(如脾细胞CD86+比例)出现较高水平变化,这可能与方剂对正常免疫功能的调节作用有关,而非病理性炎症表现。本研究中CD206+ M2型巨噬细胞比例整体较低,同时,汉防己方剂对M2型极化的调控作用在本研究中未表现出显著变化,提示其抗炎作用可能主要通过抑制巨噬细胞向M1型分化实现,并且在当前条件及炎症观察阶段,肺组织中巨噬细胞以促炎M1型极化为主。这一结果与矽肺早中期以炎症反应持续激活为主要特征的病理过程相一致。这提示在无病理刺激条件下,方剂成分可能具有一定免疫激活作用,可增强免疫监视和细胞活性,但对炎症过程影响需结合病理条件解读[4,18,21]。此外,尽管AST/ALT结果提示未出现明显肝毒性,但仍不能完全排除其他潜在毒性或组织特异性效应,后续研究将通过更密集剂量梯度设计及药代动力学研究进一步明确最佳剂量范围及其作用机制。
总体而言,汉防己方剂通过调节肺组织免疫状态、抑制促炎型M1巨噬细胞活化及GSDMD介导的焦亡、降低成纤维细胞活化和胶原沉积,实现了显著的抗炎和抗纤维化作用。与西药单靶点机制不同,中药方剂通过多靶点、多通路的整体调控,更适合应对复杂纤维化病理过程。尽管在小鼠早期暴露模型中获得系统性疗效,本研究仍存在局限:早期给药模式未评估中后期病变治疗作用;方剂具体活性成分及分子靶点尚未深入解析,需要后续结合网络药理学、分子对接等方法进一步明确机制;本研究尚未对方剂中关键活性成分(如汉防己甲素)进行定量检测,亦未建立系统化质量控制评价体系。后续研究将结合液相色谱-质谱联用技术对方剂主要活性成分进行定性定量分析,以进一步提升研究结果的可重复性及规范性。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2509300)
  • 国家自然科学基金联合项目(U23A20495)
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2026年第53卷第15期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202604068
  • 接收时间:2026-04-06
  • 首发时间:2026-09-28
  • 出版时间:2026-08-10
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  • 收稿日期:2026-04-06
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国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2509300)
国家自然科学基金联合项目(U23A20495)
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    四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院卫生毒理学与病理学系,四川省教育厅分子毒理学重点实验室,四川 成都 610041

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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genus
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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