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Article(id=1311349911757615355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349802038821144, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601389, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1769097600000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790579782666, onlineDateStr=2026-09-28, pubDate=1783612800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790579782666, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790579782666, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790579782666, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311349802038821144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='13', pageStart='2305', pageEnd='2496', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783612800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790579756507, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790588376143, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1311385955492258162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349802038821144, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1311385955496452467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349802038821144, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2457, endPage=2465, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311349911984107772, articleId=1311349911757615355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Experimental study on Akkermansia muciniphila isolates in preventing acute colitis in mice, columnId=1228016572065837304, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Experimental Technology and Applications, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the preventive effect and potential mechanism of intervention with Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) isolates on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis in mice.

Methods

Forty 6-8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model group, an HX003 group, and an HX004 group. After 4 weeks of prophylactic intervention, acute colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The pathological changes of colon and spleen tissues in each group were observed, the serum LPS level was determined, and the mRNA transcription levels and protein expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in mouse colon tissues were detected. The colonic contents of mice were collected, and 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the structure and abundance changes of the intestinal flora.

Results

Prophylactic intervention with AKK isolates alleviated colonic inflammation in mice to a certain extent. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in mice exhibited a decreasing trend (HX003, P=0.228). Both transcription and expression of IL-6 in colonic tissue showed downward trends. The transcription level of the pro- inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was significantly decreased (HX003, P<0.05), accompanied by a downward trend in its protein expression. In contrast, the transcription level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was markedly upregulated (HX003, P<0.001), with an increasing trend observed in its expression. Compared with the model group, the intervention groups displayed an upward trend in gut microbial diversity and a downward trend in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.

Conclusion

AKK isolates alleviate colonic inflammation in mice with acute colitis to a certain extent and improve the diversity and structure of their intestinal flora.

, authors=Hao-cheng ZAN1, Chen-xi LINGHU2, Wen-jing LU1, Yue DENG1, Xiang-ling ZHANG1, Guo-qing WANG1, authorsList=Hao-cheng ZAN, Chen-xi LINGHU, Wen-jing LU, Yue DENG, Xiang-ling ZHANG, Guo-qing WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Guo-qing WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311349915779952915, articleId=1311349911757615355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌分离株预防急性结肠炎小鼠试验研究, columnId=1228016572288135432, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=实验技术及其应用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌（Akkermansia muciniphila，AKK）分离株干预小鼠对葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sulfate sodium，DSS）诱导急性结肠炎的预防作用与可能机制。

方法

将40只6～8周龄雄性 C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、HX003组和 HX004 组，预防干预4周后，采用DSS诱导产生急性结肠炎。观察各组小鼠结肠组织、脾脏组织的病理情况，测定血清脂多糖水平，检测小鼠结肠组织中炎症因子IL-6、IL-10、IL-1β、IFN-γ的 mRNA转录水平和蛋白表达水平。收集小鼠结肠内容物，采用16SrRNA测序分析肠道菌群结构及丰度变化。

结果

AKK分离株预防干预能在一定程度上减轻小鼠的结肠炎症，小鼠血清中脂多糖水平有降低趋势（HX003 P=0.228），结肠组织中IL-6的转录与表达均有降低趋势，炎症因子IL-1β的转录水平降低（HX003 P<0.05），表达有降低趋势，抑炎因子IL-10的转录水平升高（HX003 P<0.001），表达有升高趋势；与模型组相比，各干预组肠道菌群多样性有升高趋势，厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值有降低趋势。

结论

AKK分离株在一定程度上减轻急性结肠炎小鼠的结肠炎症，改善了其肠道菌群多样性和结构。

, authors=昝昊成1, 令狐晨曦2, 卢雯静1, 邓越1, 张翔凌1, 王国庆1, authorsList=昝昊成, 令狐晨曦, 卢雯静, 邓越, 张翔凌, 王国庆, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王国庆, authorNote=

昝昊成（2002—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：卫生检验与检疫（微生物）

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王国庆，E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=h4kx7NoIxFBXaKg8ShJy8g==, magXml=Chj9g8SLVJrBMqDTPKXLsg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=MaLg9C43vAU3E5uIC3nn0Q==, pdfFileSize=1481496, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=n1OMOJVB0tSoHChfcNJhPA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=9jEp70oZ/5enl8u97ZHZdA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1311349916195189018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311349916279075100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, authorId=1311349916195189018, language=EN, stringName=Hao-cheng ZAN, firstName=Hao-cheng, middleName=null, lastName=ZAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University/West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311349916341989661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, authorId=1311349916195189018, language=CN, stringName=昝昊成, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041, bio={"content":"

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The FASEB Journal, 2025, 39(13): e70770., articleTitle=Akkermansia muciniphila-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Mastitis:Insights From In Vitro and Vivo Studies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311349925472989559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=17, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Selmi H, Walker A, Balas L, journalName=Gut Microbes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Selmi H, Walker A, Balas L, et al. Ornithine lipids from Akkermansia muciniphila are dynamically modulated in colitis and shape macrophage inflammatory responses[J]. 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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007, 104(34): 13780-13785., articleTitle=Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311349916006445332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349916014833941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, companyId=1311349916006445332, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University/West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349916023222550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, companyId=1311349916006445332, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311349916098720023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311349916111302936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, companyId=1311349916098720023, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.什邡市市场监督管理局)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311349919579992381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Experimental procedure, figureFileSmall=ij/1AP8vxs8y7BOtk9mOlQ==, figureFileBig=n1OMOJVB0tSoHChfcNJhPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349919647101246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图1, caption=实验流程设计图

注：↓为收集粪便样品。

, figureFileSmall=ij/1AP8vxs8y7BOtk9mOlQ==, figureFileBig=n1OMOJVB0tSoHChfcNJhPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349919844233535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Colonic changes and disease activity index during the modeling period, figureFileSmall=Ma5U2uTt9XkLowR+23IxNQ==, figureFileBig=uclqBqETRNFx4VjXZFTuww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349919915536704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图2, caption=造模期小鼠结肠变化及疾病活动指数（DAI）评分

注：图A为造模期各组小鼠结肠直观图；图B为造模期各组小鼠结肠统计图；图C为造模期各组小鼠疾病活动指数（DAI）评分；*P<0.05，**P<0.01；***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=Ma5U2uTt9XkLowR+23IxNQ==, figureFileBig=uclqBqETRNFx4VjXZFTuww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349919986839873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=H&E staining images and histological scores of colonic tissue during the modeling period, figureFileSmall=l6D9G/WZ+5Wfzg/E4yvbwA==, figureFileBig=kTG/xNhPpLyOjtJsWtXrfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920058143042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图3, caption=造模期小鼠结肠组织HE染色分析图及结肠组织学评分

注：图A为造模期小鼠结肠组织HE染色分析图（×200）；图B为造模期小鼠结肠组织学评分结果；*P<0.05，**P<0.01；***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=l6D9G/WZ+5Wfzg/E4yvbwA==, figureFileBig=kTG/xNhPpLyOjtJsWtXrfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920121057603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Spleens and spleen indices of mice in each group, figureFileSmall=n80Yjdi2eMQrXMYE6U273g==, figureFileBig=TvI8QXaKPliMQroUzMda1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920175583556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组小鼠脾脏及脾脏脏器系数

注：图A为各组小鼠脾脏直观图；图B为各组小鼠脾脏脏器系数统计图；*P<0.05，**P<0.01；***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=n80Yjdi2eMQrXMYE6U273g==, figureFileBig=TvI8QXaKPliMQroUzMda1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920242692421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Serum lipopolysaccharide levels of mice in each group, figureFileSmall=k6TpRx7Nu+aOAeKvu1QISg==, figureFileBig=UVNOcf9XBWVha1ZsX7nAig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920305606982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各组小鼠血清脂多糖水平, figureFileSmall=k6TpRx7Nu+aOAeKvu1QISg==, figureFileBig=UVNOcf9XBWVha1ZsX7nAig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920372715847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=mRNA transcription levels of inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissues of mice in each group, figureFileSmall=imqr9KsXVHjjGkQV+jB/Eg==, figureFileBig=qhuq1JDM1xt+vY/YPnXJdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920452407624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图6, caption=各组小鼠结肠组织炎症因子mRNA转录水平

注：图A为各组小鼠结肠组织IL-6转录水平；图B为各组小鼠结肠组织IL-1β转录水平；图C为各组小鼠结肠组织IL-10转录水平；图D为各组小鼠结肠组织IFN-γ转录水平；*P<0.05，**P<0.01；***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=imqr9KsXVHjjGkQV+jB/Eg==, figureFileBig=qhuq1JDM1xt+vY/YPnXJdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920511127881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Protein levels of inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissues of mice in each group, figureFileSmall=+LAWYHBeM0sCVUWRT26SKQ==, figureFileBig=OhkkmMFydxUTUr+bnxK9EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920582431050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图7, caption=各组小鼠结肠组织炎症因子蛋白水平

注：图A为各组小鼠结肠组织IL-6蛋白水平；图B为各组小鼠结肠组织IL-1β蛋白水平；图C为各组小鼠结肠组织IL-10蛋白水平；图D为各组小鼠结肠组织IFN-γ蛋白水平；*P<0.05，**P<0.01；***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=+LAWYHBeM0sCVUWRT26SKQ==, figureFileBig=OhkkmMFydxUTUr+bnxK9EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920670511435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Analysis results of α-diversity indices of intestinal flora in mice, figureFileSmall=b+jnd0aWyNXOK/qXPiOHsg==, figureFileBig=b+edfLdQ1hAyzexNOC6VhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920737620300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图8, caption=小鼠肠道菌群α多样性指数分析结果

注：图A为Chao1指数；图B为Observed species指数；图C为Good coverage指数；图D 为Shannon指数。

, figureFileSmall=b+jnd0aWyNXOK/qXPiOHsg==, figureFileBig=b+edfLdQ1hAyzexNOC6VhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920800534861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=PCoA score plot, figureFileSmall=GB4bWhH63yeCJj6G8Jj8RA==, figureFileBig=8djDNAR05M7UZvbv50QLpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920880226638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图9, caption=PCoA 模型得分图, figureFileSmall=GB4bWhH63yeCJj6G8Jj8RA==, figureFileBig=8djDNAR05M7UZvbv50QLpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349920955724111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 10, caption=Analysis results of flora structure at the phylum level, figureFileSmall=rR/6zEpApbbBH8iaKxb6Fw==, figureFileBig=dS5sw4THtNwIJNf95fX2OA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349921018638672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图10, caption=菌群结构门水平分析结果, figureFileSmall=rR/6zEpApbbBH8iaKxb6Fw==, figureFileBig=dS5sw4THtNwIJNf95fX2OA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349921094136145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Figure 11, caption=Ratio of firmicutes to bacteroidetes, figureFileSmall=ZPwPcy00UsB/RSYlxSLklg==, figureFileBig=qWiOiDw6sIwg+F1NYwjTPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349921165439314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=图11, caption=厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比值, figureFileSmall=ZPwPcy00UsB/RSYlxSLklg==, figureFileBig=qWiOiDw6sIwg+F1NYwjTPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311349921219965267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Disease activity index scoring table

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分数体重减轻（%）粪便稠度/腹泻便血
0<1正常无出血
1<5——
2<10稀便轻微出血
3<15——
4≥15水样腹泻严重出血
), ArticleFig(id=1311349921291268436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

DAI评分表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分数体重减轻（%）粪便稠度/腹泻便血
0<1正常无出血
1<5——
2<10稀便轻微出血
3<15——
4≥15水样腹泻严重出血
), ArticleFig(id=1311349921349988693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Histological scores of colitis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分数炎细胞浸润隐窝损伤杯状细胞减少上皮与固有层分离
0无无无无
1轻度基底1/3轻度少数
2中度基底2/3局灶性局灶性
3重度基底全部损伤大量散在许多且弥散
4—全部隐窝和上皮被破坏——
), ArticleFig(id=1311349921408708950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

结肠炎组织学评分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分数炎细胞浸润隐窝损伤杯状细胞减少上皮与固有层分离
0无无无无
1轻度基底1/3轻度少数
2中度基底2/3局灶性局灶性
3重度基底全部损伤大量散在许多且弥散
4—全部隐窝和上皮被破坏——
), ArticleFig(id=1311349921488400727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Target genes and primer sequences

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因名称引物方向引物序列
IFN-γFATGAACGCTACACACTGCATC
RCCATCCTTTTGCCAGTTCCTC
IL-1βFGAAATGCCACCTTTTGACAGTG
RTGGATGCTCTCATCAGGACAG
IL-6FTAGTCCTTCCTACCCCAATTTCC
RTTGGTCCTTAGCCACTCCTTC
IL-10FAGCCTTATCGGAAATGATCCAGT
RGGCCTTGTAGACACCTTGGT
β-actinFGTGACGTTGACATCCGTAAAGA
RGCCGGACTCATCGTACTCC
), ArticleFig(id=1311349921555509592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311349911757615355, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

目的基因及引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因名称引物方向引物序列
IFN-γFATGAACGCTACACACTGCATC
RCCATCCTTTTGCCAGTTCCTC
IL-1βFGAAATGCCACCTTTTGACAGTG
RTGGATGCTCTCATCAGGACAG
IL-6FTAGTCCTTCCTACCCCAATTTCC
RTTGGTCCTTAGCCACTCCTTC
IL-10FAGCCTTATCGGAAATGATCCAGT
RGGCCTTGTAGACACCTTGGT
β-actinFGTGACGTTGACATCCGTAAAGA
RGCCGGACTCATCGTACTCC
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嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌分离株预防急性结肠炎小鼠试验研究
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昝昊成 1 , 令狐晨曦 2 , 卢雯静 1 , 邓越 1 , 张翔凌 1 , 王国庆 1
现代预防医学 | 实验技术及其应用 2026,53(13): 2457-2465
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现代预防医学 |实验技术及其应用 2026 , 53 (13) : 2457 -2465
嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌分离株预防急性结肠炎小鼠试验研究
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昝昊成1, 令狐晨曦2, 卢雯静1, 邓越1, 张翔凌1, 王国庆1
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041
  • 2.什邡市市场监督管理局
通讯作者:
王国庆，E-mail：
作者简介:

昝昊成（2002—），男，硕士在读，研究方向：卫生检验与检疫（微生物）

Experimental study on Akkermansia muciniphila isolates in preventing acute colitis in mice
Hao-cheng ZAN1, Chen-xi LINGHU2, Wen-jing LU1, Yue DENG1, Xiang-ling ZHANG1, Guo-qing WANG1
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University/West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-07-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601389
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摘要
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目的

探究嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌（Akkermansia muciniphila，AKK）分离株干预小鼠对葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sulfate sodium，DSS）诱导急性结肠炎的预防作用与可能机制。

方法

将40只6～8周龄雄性 C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、HX003组和 HX004 组，预防干预4周后，采用DSS诱导产生急性结肠炎。观察各组小鼠结肠组织、脾脏组织的病理情况，测定血清脂多糖水平，检测小鼠结肠组织中炎症因子IL-6、IL-10、IL-1β、IFN-γ的 mRNA转录水平和蛋白表达水平。收集小鼠结肠内容物，采用16SrRNA测序分析肠道菌群结构及丰度变化。

结果

AKK分离株预防干预能在一定程度上减轻小鼠的结肠炎症，小鼠血清中脂多糖水平有降低趋势（HX003 P=0.228），结肠组织中IL-6的转录与表达均有降低趋势，炎症因子IL-1β的转录水平降低（HX003 P<0.05），表达有降低趋势，抑炎因子IL-10的转录水平升高（HX003 P<0.001），表达有升高趋势；与模型组相比，各干预组肠道菌群多样性有升高趋势，厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值有降低趋势。

结论

AKK分离株在一定程度上减轻急性结肠炎小鼠的结肠炎症，改善了其肠道菌群多样性和结构。

急性结肠炎  /  嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌  /  肠道菌群
Objective

To investigate the preventive effect and potential mechanism of intervention with Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) isolates on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis in mice.

Methods

Forty 6-8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model group, an HX003 group, and an HX004 group. After 4 weeks of prophylactic intervention, acute colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The pathological changes of colon and spleen tissues in each group were observed, the serum LPS level was determined, and the mRNA transcription levels and protein expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in mouse colon tissues were detected. The colonic contents of mice were collected, and 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the structure and abundance changes of the intestinal flora.

Results

Prophylactic intervention with AKK isolates alleviated colonic inflammation in mice to a certain extent. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in mice exhibited a decreasing trend (HX003, P=0.228). Both transcription and expression of IL-6 in colonic tissue showed downward trends. The transcription level of the pro- inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was significantly decreased (HX003, P<0.05), accompanied by a downward trend in its protein expression. In contrast, the transcription level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was markedly upregulated (HX003, P<0.001), with an increasing trend observed in its expression. Compared with the model group, the intervention groups displayed an upward trend in gut microbial diversity and a downward trend in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.

Conclusion

AKK isolates alleviate colonic inflammation in mice with acute colitis to a certain extent and improve the diversity and structure of their intestinal flora.

Acute colitis  /  Akkermansia muciniphila  /  Intestinal flora
昝昊成, 令狐晨曦, 卢雯静, 邓越, 张翔凌, 王国庆. 嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌分离株预防急性结肠炎小鼠试验研究. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (13) : 2457 -2465 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601389
Hao-cheng ZAN, Chen-xi LINGHU, Wen-jing LU, Yue DENG, Xiang-ling ZHANG, Guo-qing WANG. Experimental study on Akkermansia muciniphila isolates in preventing acute colitis in mice[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (13) : 2457 -2465 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601389
正文
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炎症性肠病（inflammatory bowel disease,IBD）是一种慢性肠道免疫性疾病，主要有克罗恩病（Crohn disease, CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis，UC）两种主要类型[1-2]，已成为严重影响患者生活质量的全球健康问题[3-4]。IBD的具体发病机制仍不明确，可能受环境因素、遗传因素、肠道屏障和免疫应答因素的相互作用。目前IBD难以治愈，主要治疗方向侧重于减少肠粘膜炎症、延长生存寿命、缓解及管理并发症，但存在耐药性、低反应性和副作用等局限性[5-7]。探索IBD的发病机制并探究新颖且安全的预防策略至关重要。
肠道菌群在维持人类健康方面发挥着重要作用[8-9]。有研究表明，IBD患者的肠道菌群组成结构和健康人有所区别，肠道失衡可能引起粘膜免疫反应失调，导致患者发病[10]。而通过益生菌调节肠道菌群可能是预防和治疗IBD的新策略[11]。目前已有研究发现不同的乳杆菌菌株和双歧杆菌菌株能够缓解IBD小鼠模型的肠道炎症[12-14]，但具体的作用机制并不完全清楚。
嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌（Akkermansia muciniphila,AKK）作为新一代益生菌[15]，主要通过其独特的黏液层互作加强宿主的肠道屏障，还可以通过其特定成分如外膜蛋白Amuc_1100介导免疫调节[16]。相比于传统的益生菌，AKK作用更具有靶向性，与代谢、炎症等疾病状态关联更紧密。此外，多项研究证明AKK菌、AKK菌细胞膜成分以及AKK菌细胞外囊泡在IBD预防及治疗上都有极大的潜力[17-19]。
基于AKK与传统益生菌的作用差异以及在IBD预防及治疗上的可观前景，并且益生菌的作用具有明显的菌株差异，本文拟采用研究小组前期分离获得的两株AKK分离株，对急性结肠炎小鼠进行预防干预，探讨AKK对急性结肠炎的预防作用和小鼠肠道菌群的变化，为急性结肠炎的预防与治疗及AKK作为益生菌的开发与应用提供理论依据。
1　材料与方法
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1.1　实验材料
葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sulfate sodium, DDS）（MP Biomedicals）；细菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒（北京天根生化科技有限公司）；SYBR Green Pro Taq HS预混型qPCR试剂盒、SteadyPure RNA提取试剂盒、Evo M-MLV反转录预混型试剂盒（用于qPCR）（湖南艾科瑞生物工程有限公司）；脂多糖（脂多糖）ELISA试剂盒（武汉菲恩生物科技有限公司）；小鼠IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、IFN-γ酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒（武汉伊莱瑞特生物科技股份有限公司）；OMEGA Soil DNA Kit试剂盒（土壤、粪便、组织等样本）（Omega）；两株AKK分离株 HX003、HX004保藏于四川大学华西公共卫生学院实验中心，由课题组前期从健康婴幼儿的粪便样品中分离得到，经16S rDNA测序证实隶属于AKK。
1.2　实验动物
40只6～8周龄的无特定病原体级（specific pathogen free，SPF）雄性C57BL/6J小鼠作为实验对象，购自成都达硕实验动物有限公司［SCXK（川）2022-0030］。饲养于SPF级屏障环境中，温度维持在20 ℃～26 ℃范围内，空气相对湿度控制在40%～70%之间，采用12 h/12 h 明暗交替的光照周期。适应性喂养1周，自主饮水及进食。实验动物已通过四川大学华西第四医院/华西公共卫生学院伦理委员会伦理审批（批件号：Gwll2024128）。
1.3　方法
1.3.1　AKK灌胃液的制备
将AKK接种于含有L -半胱氨酸的BHI液体培养基中厌氧培养，根据课题组前期制备的菌落数-OD 600的标准曲线确定细菌浓度，用含25%甘油的无菌磷酸盐缓冲液（phosphate buffered saline,PBS）收集菌体，调整菌液终浓度为1×1010 CFU/ml，即为AKK活菌灌胃储备液，将上述灌胃储备液于-80℃冻存 备用。灌胃前将灌胃储备液解冻，用无菌PBS稀释至1×109 CFU/ml。
1.3.2　实验动物分组及处理
小鼠经过一周的适应性饲养后，随机分配到4个组，每组10只。实验共计5周，前4周实施预防性灌胃，第5周在持续灌胃的同时，通过自由饮用含2.5%DSS水溶液来建立小鼠急性结肠炎模型，造模期每日观察小鼠体征的变化。实验设计方案见图1。
实验动物的分组以及灌胃的具体情况如下：
（1）空白对照组（NC组）：每天灌胃200 μl含2.5%甘油的无菌PBS，自由饮用无菌纯水。
（2）模型组（DSS组）：每天灌胃200 μl含2.5%甘油的无菌PBS，预防期自由饮用无菌纯水，造模期自由饮用2.5%DSS水溶液。
（3）分离株HX003干预组（HX003组）：每天灌胃200 μl 浓度为1×109 CFU/ml的AKK分离株HX003，预防期自由饮用无菌纯水，造模期自由饮用2.5%DSS水溶液。
（4）分离株HX004干预组（HX004组）：每天灌胃200 μl 浓度为 1×109 CFU/ml的AKK分离株HX004，预防期自由饮用无菌纯水，造模期自由饮用2.5%DSS水溶液。
1.3.3　小鼠结肠变化及疾病活动指数评分
在实验结束的第1 d采用颈椎脱臼处死小鼠并解剖，取小鼠结肠组织，记录并观察比较各组小鼠的结肠长度。在模型建立期间，对造模小鼠的活动情况、粪便形态和肛门出血情况进行每日观察，通过疾病活动指数（disease activity index，DAI）来评估各组小鼠的结肠炎症情况，具体计算参数见表1。
1.3.4　小鼠结肠病理组织观察和脾脏脏器系数测定
解剖取小鼠脾脏称重，脾脏脏器系数=脾脏重量/小鼠体重× 100%。每组随机选取7只小鼠的结肠组织，在盲肠末端下方1～2 cm处截取结肠组织样本，采用苏木精-伊红（hematoxylin-eosin，HE）染色，于显微镜下观察小鼠结肠组织的病理情况并进行病理组织学评分，评分标准为炎细胞浸润、隐窝损伤、杯状细胞减少和上皮与固有层分离情况的综合性评分。见表2。
1.3.5　血清脂多糖检测
小鼠经眼内眦静脉采血后，收集血清在-20℃下保存备用。用酶联免疫吸附测定（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA）法检测各组小鼠血清脂多糖水平。
1.3.6　小鼠结肠组织炎症因子mRNA表达水平检测
取小鼠结肠组织提取RNA，采用逆转录-荧光定量PCR法 (quantitative reverse transcription PCR， RT-qPCR）测定IL-6、IL-10、IL-1β、IFN-γ的mRNA表达水平，目的基因与引物序列见表3。所有操作均按试剂盒说明书进行。以β-actin为内参基因校正目的基因的表达量，按照2 -△△Ct 的方法换算各个基因mRNA的转录水平。
1.3.7　结肠组织炎症因子蛋白水平检测
取各组小鼠的结肠组织，加入含1×PMSF蛋白酶抑制剂的PBS缓冲液，冰浴条件下匀浆处理至组织完全破碎，取上清液保存。采用以ELISA双抗体夹心法检测结肠组织中IL-6、IL-10、IL-1β、IFN-γ的蛋白水平，具体实验步骤严格按照说明书进行操作。
1.4　肠道菌群多样性测序分析
收集小鼠的结肠内容物于1.5 ml EP管中, -80 ℃保存。每组随机选收集7份样本，委托上海派森诺生物科技股份有限公司进行16S rRNA测序分析。
1.5　统计学分析
采用SPSS 22.0 统计软件分析实验数据，计量资料以（均数±标准差）表示，符合正态且方差齐的资料采用单因素方差（one-way ANOVA）分析，其余数据则使用 Kruskal-Wallis H检验分析，检验水准α=0.05。使用软件Origin Pro 9.1绘制ELISA结果的标准曲线，软件Graph Pad Prism10.0对其他数据进行可视化处理。
2　结果
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2.1　小鼠结肠变化及DAI评分结果
在造模期，各组小鼠经DSS诱导后，逐渐出现体重减轻、进食减少、慵懒、便血和腹泻的现象，随着造模时间的延长，上述症状加剧。
由图2A、B可知，小鼠经DSS诱导后，结肠内容物颜色变深且不成颗粒状，结肠长度短于NC组（P<0.01），其中DSS组小鼠结肠内容物颜色最深、长度最短，而两菌株干预组小鼠的结肠长度均长于DSS组，其中HX003组小鼠的结肠长度具有统计学意义（P<0.05），HX003组和HX004组之间并无明显差异。
DAI 评分结果显示，与NC组比较，DSS诱导后各组DAI评分从第3天升高（P<0.05），但两菌株干预组的DAI评分在第4天均出现了降低的现象；与DSS组相比，两菌株干预组的DAI评分均有降低趋势，其中HX003组的DAI评分更低，在造模期中的3天具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。见图2C。
2.2　小鼠结肠组织HE染色及组织学评分结果
如图3A，NC组结肠上皮结构完整，无炎细胞浸润，隐窝结构及杯状细胞基本完整；DSS组小鼠的结肠上皮结构被严重破坏，较多炎细胞浸润，隐窝严重损伤，杯状细胞减少；而两菌株干预组的上皮结构也被破坏，但与DSS组比较，炎细胞浸润程度更轻，隐窝损伤更少。
如图3B，与NC组比较，经过DSS诱导后的小鼠结肠组织学评分均有升高趋势，除HX004组外，其余各组间的差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.01）；与DSS组比较，两菌株干预组的小鼠结肠组织学评分均有降低趋势，其中HX004组的降低幅度更具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。
2.3　脾脏脏器系数结果
如图4所示，与NC组比较，经DSS诱导的小鼠脾脏略大，且部分脾脏组织颜色变深，脾脏脏器系数增加（P<0.01）；而与DSS组比较，两菌株干预组的脾脏大小相似，脾脏脏器系数均有降低趋势，但差异并无统计学意义。
2.4　血清脂多糖分析结果
各组小鼠血清脂多糖水平如图5所示，与NC组比较，经DSS诱导后的各组小鼠血清脂多糖水平均升高（P<0.05），与DSS组比较，HX003组小鼠血清脂多糖水平有降低趋势，但差异并无统计学意义。
2.5　小鼠结肠组织炎症因子mRNA转录水平
由图6A、B、D所示，与NC组相比，DSS组IL-6、IL-1β和IFN-γ转录水平均显著升高（P<0.01）；经HX003与HX004两菌株预防灌胃后，与DSS组相比，IL-6、IL-1β和IFN-γ转录水平均有降低趋势，其中HX003组降低趋势更明显。由图6C所示，与NC组相比，DSS组IL-10转录水平有降低趋势；经预防灌胃后，与DSS组相比，HX003组IL-10转录水平显著升高（P<0.001），而HX004组IL-10转录水平变化不明显。
2.6　小鼠结肠组织炎症因子蛋白水平
由图7所示，与NC组相比，DSS组IL-6和IL-1β表达均显著升高（P<0.001），IL-10和IFN-γ表达均有降低趋势。经HX003与HX004两菌株预防灌胃后，与DSS组相比，IL-6和IL-1β表达均有降低趋势，其中HX003组降低趋势更明显；HX003组IL-10和IFN-γ表达均有升高趋势，HX004组IL-10和IFN-γ表达变化不明显。
2.7　肠道菌群分析
2.7.1　α多样性分析
选择Chao1指数和Observed species指数反映群落丰富度、Good coverage指数评估群落覆盖度、Shannon指数表征群落生物多样性水平。具体分析结果见图8，与NC组比较，经DSS诱导后各组小鼠的四种α多样性指数均有所降低，其中仅有DSS组的Good coverage指数存在差异（P<0.05）；与DSS组比较，两菌株干预组的四种α多样性指数均有所升高，但差异并无统计学意义。
2.7.2　β多样性分析
PCoA结果如图9所示，横纵坐标PCo1和PCo2分别解释38.2%和15%的变异度，各组内样本聚集程度高，表明组间微生物组成相似；NC组与另外三组DSS诱导组之间在PCo1上存在明显差异，而与DSS组比较，两菌株干预组分布更为聚集，在PCo2上与其存在一定的差异。
2.7.3　小鼠肠道菌群门水平分析
在门水平上，各组小鼠肠道菌群组成如图10所示，优势菌门主要包括厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）、脱硫杆菌门 （Desulfobacterota）、 变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、弯曲菌门（Campylobacterota）、放线菌门 （Actinobacteriota）、 蓝藻菌门（Cyanobacteria）、脱铁杆菌门（Deferribacterota）等。与NC组相比，各DSS诱导组拟杆菌门、放线菌门相对丰度有降低趋势，厚壁菌门、脱硫杆菌门、变形菌门、弯曲菌门、蓝藻菌门相对丰度有升高趋势，其中拟杆菌门、脱硫杆菌门、蓝藻菌门的差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与DSS诱导组相比，两菌株干预组厚壁菌门相对丰度有降低趋势；拟杆菌门HX003组相对丰度有升高趋势，而HX004组相对丰度有降低趋势。
如图11所示，与NC组比较，经DSS诱导后的各组小鼠厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门比值F/B值均升高，其中DSS组具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；与DSS组比较，两菌株干预组F/B值有降低趋势，但差异并无统计学意义。
3　讨论
收起
DSS诱导的小鼠结肠炎模型是目前应用最广泛的化学诱导肠道炎症模型，且与人类UC的病理特征最为相似，其可作为探究IBD治疗策略的动物模型[20]。本研究发现，分离株HX003和HX004灌胃干预后，都能够在一定程度上缓解结肠长度缩短、降低DAI评分、缓解炎细胞浸润程度和隐窝损伤、降低组织学评分，提示两株AKK对DSS诱导结肠炎具有预防作用。
肠道菌群的物种组成和代谢状态失衡会导致病原菌丰度增加[21]，进而导致脂多糖增加。肠道脂多糖进入体循环中并刺激TLR4/NF-κB信号通路[22]，进而诱导IL-1β、IL-6等促炎细胞因子的产生[23]，导致肠道炎症加重。IL-10被认为可能在治疗IBD方面具有价值[24]。本文结果显示，经DSS刺激后的各组小鼠血清脂多糖水平、结肠组织IL-6和IL-1β的mRNA和蛋白水平、IFN-γ的mRNA水平均有升高趋势，IL-10的mRNA和蛋白水平有降低趋势。两株AKK预防干预显示，分离株 HX003干预后的小鼠血清脂多糖水平有降低趋势，结肠组织的促炎因子IL-6和IL-1β的mRNA和蛋白水平、IFN-γ的mRNA水平均低于DSS组，抑炎因子IL-10的mRNA和蛋白水平高于DSS组，部分差异具有统计学意义，说明HX003具有调节免疫因子的能力。HX003与HX004在部分指标上表现不同，这可能与其代谢特性、表面蛋白或胞外囊泡组成差异有关，可能是AKK菌株特异性导致两株分离株在部分指标上表现不同。
AKK定植于肠道黏液层，通过代谢黏蛋白为能量来源，同时刺激宿主杯状细胞分泌黏蛋白，加厚黏液层并修复物理屏障[25]。研究显示，AKK及其外膜蛋白Amuc_1100可上调紧密连接蛋白（ZO-1、Occludin）的表达，减少肠道通透性，从而抑制脂多糖从肠腔向循环系统的易位[26]。因此，血清脂多糖的下降可能并非AKK直接降解脂多糖，而是屏障功能增强脂多糖易位减少的间接结果。此外，AKK本身为革兰阴性菌，其细胞壁含有脂多糖。传统观念认为脂多糖具有促炎活性，但研究发现AKK来源的脂多糖为低酰化、粗糙型脂多糖，是TLR4的弱激动剂，不会过度激活炎症反应。相反，它可通过TLR4-IL-23- IL-22轴发挥免疫调节作用，改善肠道稳态[27]。
本研究中，AKK干预下调了促炎因子IL-6、IL-1β，上调了抑炎因子IL-10。研究证明，AKK可以抑制TLR4/NF-κB信号通路，阻断TLR4下游NF-κB的活化，减少IL-6、IL-1β等促炎因子的转录[28]。并且，AKK还可以促进巨噬细胞从促炎M1表型向抗炎M2表型转换，从而上调IL-10[25]。此外， AKK来源的鸟氨酸脂质（ornithine lipids）可被巨噬细胞内化，在脂多糖刺激的巨噬细胞中显著抑制IL-6和IL-1β的基因表达[29]。肠道菌群失调与多种肠道病理和肠道炎症相关[30-31]。IBD的发病与肠道菌群多样化与组成变化是紧密相关的，有研究显示IBD患者的肠道菌群多样性相比正常人更低[32]。本研究中，经DSS诱导的小鼠肠道菌群多样性降低，两菌株预防干预能够在一定程度上增加结肠炎小鼠的肠道菌群多样性，并通过调节小鼠肠道菌群中物种组成改善小鼠的肠道菌群的结构。有研究显示，IBD患者最相关的菌群失调模式是共生菌多样性减少，主要是厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门，而放线菌门和变形菌门增多[33]。而Hua等人[18]在DSS诱导的IBD小鼠模型中发现，厚壁菌门的丰度升高，拟杆菌门和放线菌门的丰度则降低。人类 IBD患者与动物结肠炎模型之间的不同可能由于物种和肠道菌群结构差异所导致的。本研究结果也显示，经DSS诱导处理后的各组小鼠拟杆菌门的相对丰度呈现出的下降趋势，而厚壁菌门的相对丰度则有所增加，各组小鼠F/B比值均升高。两菌株能够在一定程度上增加结肠炎小鼠的肠道菌群多样性，并通过调节小鼠肠道菌群中物种组成改善小鼠的肠道菌群的结构。其中两分离菌株对小鼠肠道菌群的调节能力并不完全一致，分离株HX003促进了更多肠道微生物的恢复。
AKK可通过刺激黏蛋白分泌、降低肠道通透性，通过TLR4-IL-23-IL-22轴、TLR4/NF-κB信号通路调控免疫因子以及刺激巨噬细胞等途径来缓解肠道损伤。
综上，两分离株通过预防作用在一定程度上缓解了急性结肠炎小鼠的结肠炎症，改善了其肠道菌群多样性和结构，促进了肠道微生物的恢复。两分离株的预防效果之间存在差异，但未从菌株本身生物学特性方面研究造成上述结果的物质差异，需要更多的研究进一步证明AKK对于急性结肠炎的作用，为IBD的预防、治疗和机制探索以及AKK作为益生菌的开发提供新的思路。

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2026年第53卷第13期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601389
  • 接收时间：2026-01-23
  • 首发时间：2026-09-28
  • 出版时间：2026-07-10
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  • 收稿日期：2026-01-23
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    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041
    2.什邡市市场监督管理局

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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