Article(id=1324051203763601732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601265, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1768665600000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793608006659, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1781020800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793608006659, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793608006659, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793608006659, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324050876230415089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='11', pageStart='1921', pageEnd='2112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781020800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793607928569, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793670049253, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324311429322507009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050876230415089, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2088, endPage=2094, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324051205810422085, articleId=1324051203763601732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Active surveillance of adverse reactions following vaccination with meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (groups A, C, Y, and W135) in Luohu District, Shenzhen, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To evaluate the incidence of adverse reactions in age-eligible people after post-marketing vaccination with the groups A, C, Y, and W135 meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (MPCV-ACYW135).

Methods

Individuals who received MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination were recruited in Luohu District, Shenzhen. Active surveillance was conducted to collect adverse reactions occurring within 0-30 days after vaccination, and the incidence of adverse reactions was analyzed.

Results

A total of 468 participants were enrolled. The overall incidence of adverse reactions post-vaccination was 25.64%. The incidences of local reactions and systemic reactions were 12.39% and 18.38% (χ2=23.356, P<0.001), respectively. The overall incidences of grade 1, 2, and 3 adverse reactions were 14.53%, 10.68%, and 0.43% (χ2=63.639, P<0.001), and no grade 4 adverse reactions were observed. The incidences of adverse reactions at <30 minutes and 30 minutes - 24 hours after vaccination were 7.69% and 17.95% (χ2=97.099, P<0.001).

Conclusion

The incidence of adverse reactions within 30 days after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination in the study population was consistent with the results of pre-marketing clinical trials. Adverse reactions were mainly mild to moderate, and most occurred within 24 hours after vaccination, indicating that the vaccine has good safety.

, authors=Xi-dan WANG1, Kai HUANG1, Chun-ying LAI2, Chuan-de CHEN1, authorsList=Xi-dan WANG, Kai HUANG, Chun-ying LAI, Chuan-de CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chuan-de CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324051207546863944, articleId=1324051203763601732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=深圳市罗湖区ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗预防接种不良反应主动监测结果分析, columnId=1228016573844226129, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=疾病预防控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

评价ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗(group A,C,Y and W135 meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine, MPCV-ACYW135)上市后适龄人群接种后不良反应发生情况。

方法

在深圳市罗湖区征集接种MPCV-ACYW135的适龄人群,采用主动监测的方式收集疫苗接种后0 ~ 30d发生的不良反应,分析不良反应发生率。

结果

共征集468名研究对象,接种后不良反应总发生率为25.64%,局部和全身反应的发生率分别为12.39%和18.38%(χ2=23.356,P<0.001),1级、2级、3级不良反应的总体发生率分别为14.53%、10.68%、0.43%(χ2=63.639,P<0.001),未观察到4级不良反应。接种后<30min、30min ~ 24h不良反应发生率分别为7.69%、17.95%(χ2=97.099,P<0.001)。

结论

研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后30d内不良反应发生水平与该疫苗上市前临床试验结果类似,以轻中度不良反应为主,发生时间主要集中在疫苗接种后24h内,具有良好的安全性。

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王希丹(1992—),女,硕士,主管医师,研究方向:传染病防控

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陈传德,E-mail:
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Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2015, 109(1): 9-15., articleTitle=Sex-based differences in immune function and responses to vaccination, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324051214756872572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, awardId=LX202302001, language=CN, fundingSource=深圳市罗湖区软科学研究计划项目(LX202302001), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324051208381530443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324051208389919052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, companyId=1324051208381530443, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Luohu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324051208410890573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, companyId=1324051208381530443, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心 传染病防制科,广东 深圳 518020)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324051209719513422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324051209727902031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, companyId=1324051209719513422, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.深圳市罗湖医院集团东门街道社区健康服务中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324051211791499630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Incidence of adverse reactions in research subjects after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应合计是否母乳喂养P值是否同时接种P值
是否是否
例数发生率(%)及95%CI例数发生率
(%)
例数发生率
(%)
例数发生率
(%)
例数发生率
(%)
局部反应5812.39(9.40 ~ 15.39)3013.162811.670.625810.265012.820.530
注射部位红斑224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)62.63166.670.03945.13184.620.773*
注射部位肿胀306.41(4.18 ~ 8.64)167.02145.830.60167.69246.150.613
注射部位疼痛306.41(4.18 ~ 8.64)167.02145.830.60145.13266.670.613
注射部位触痛224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)104.39125.000.75400.00225.640.035*
注射部位硬结245.13(3.12 ~ 7.13)125.26125.000.89722.56225.640.399*
注射部位瘙痒20.43(-0.17 ~ 1.02)00.0020.830.499*00.0020.510.526*
全身反应8618.38(14.85 ~ 21.90)4218.424418.330.98045.138221.03<0.001
发热224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)146.1483.330.15222.56205.130.556*
腹泻40.85(0.02 ~ 1.69)00.0041.670.124*00.0041.030.369*
易激惹6012.82(9.78 ~ 15.86)3214.042811.670.44422.565814.870.003
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)125.26104.170.57500.00225.640.035*
哺乳或进食障碍81.71(0.53 ~ 2.89)20.8862.500.286*00.0082.050.363*
瘙痒症20.43(-0.17 ~ 1.02)20.8800.000.237*00.0020.510.526*
皮肤粘膜异常81.71(0.53 ~ 2.89)20.8862.500.286*00.0082.050.363*
总不良反应12025.64(21.67 ~ 29.61)6026.326025.000.7451215.3810827.690.023
), ArticleFig(id=1324051211908940143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后不良反应发生情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应合计是否母乳喂养P值是否同时接种P值
是否是否
例数发生率(%)及95%CI例数发生率
(%)
例数发生率
(%)
例数发生率
(%)
例数发生率
(%)
局部反应5812.39(9.40 ~ 15.39)3013.162811.670.625810.265012.820.530
注射部位红斑224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)62.63166.670.03945.13184.620.773*
注射部位肿胀306.41(4.18 ~ 8.64)167.02145.830.60167.69246.150.613
注射部位疼痛306.41(4.18 ~ 8.64)167.02145.830.60145.13266.670.613
注射部位触痛224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)104.39125.000.75400.00225.640.035*
注射部位硬结245.13(3.12 ~ 7.13)125.26125.000.89722.56225.640.399*
注射部位瘙痒20.43(-0.17 ~ 1.02)00.0020.830.499*00.0020.510.526*
全身反应8618.38(14.85 ~ 21.90)4218.424418.330.98045.138221.03<0.001
发热224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)146.1483.330.15222.56205.130.556*
腹泻40.85(0.02 ~ 1.69)00.0041.670.124*00.0041.030.369*
易激惹6012.82(9.78 ~ 15.86)3214.042811.670.44422.565814.870.003
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)224.70(2.78 ~ 6.63)125.26104.170.57500.00225.640.035*
哺乳或进食障碍81.71(0.53 ~ 2.89)20.8862.500.286*00.0082.050.363*
瘙痒症20.43(-0.17 ~ 1.02)20.8800.000.237*00.0020.510.526*
皮肤粘膜异常81.71(0.53 ~ 2.89)20.8862.500.286*00.0082.050.363*
总不良反应12025.64(21.67 ~ 29.61)6026.326025.000.7451215.3810827.690.023
), ArticleFig(id=1324051211992826225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Severity grade distribution of adverse reaction incidence in research subjects after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应1级2级3级χ2值P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应408.55183.8500.0043.306<0.001
注射部位红斑183.8540.8500.0024.751<0.001
注射部位肿胀265.5640.8500.0040.056<0.001
注射部位疼痛306.4100.0000.0061.310<0.001
注射部位触痛81.71142.9900.0013.6690.001
注射部位硬结224.7020.4300.0037.6430.001
注射部位瘙痒20.4300.0000.00—0.333*
全身反应449.40408.5520.4339.935<0.001
发热102.14102.1420.435.9110.052
腹泻20.4320.4300.00—0.555*
易激惹 (容易哭闹)326.84285.9800.0031.757<0.001
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)204.2720.4300.0033.618<0.001
哺乳或进食障碍61.2820.4300.00—0.033*
瘙痒症20.4300.0000.00—0.333*
皮肤粘膜异常40.8540.8500.00—0.141*
总不良反应6814.535010.6820.4363.639<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324051212059935091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后不良反应发生率的严重程度级别分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应1级2级3级χ2值P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应408.55183.8500.0043.306<0.001
注射部位红斑183.8540.8500.0024.751<0.001
注射部位肿胀265.5640.8500.0040.056<0.001
注射部位疼痛306.4100.0000.0061.310<0.001
注射部位触痛81.71142.9900.0013.6690.001
注射部位硬结224.7020.4300.0037.6430.001
注射部位瘙痒20.4300.0000.00—0.333*
全身反应449.40408.5520.4339.935<0.001
发热102.14102.1420.435.9110.052
腹泻20.4320.4300.00—0.555*
易激惹 (容易哭闹)326.84285.9800.0031.757<0.001
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)204.2720.4300.0033.618<0.001
哺乳或进食障碍61.2820.4300.00—0.033*
瘙痒症20.4300.0000.00—0.333*
皮肤粘膜异常40.8540.8500.00—0.141*
总不良反应6814.535010.6820.4363.639<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324051212143821172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Gender distribution of adverse reaction incidence in research subjects after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应男女χ2值P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应3615.25229.483.5890.058
注射部位红斑145.9383.451.6110.204
注射部位肿胀208.47104.313.3820.066
注射部位疼痛187.63125.171.1750.278
注射部位触痛104.24125.170.2280.633
注射部位硬结166.7883.452.6690.102
注射部位瘙痒20.8500.00—0.499*
全身反应5222.033414.664.2470.039
发热166.7862.594.5920.032
腹泻20.8520.86—0.986*
易激惹3816.10229.484.5860.032
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)145.9383.451.6110.204
哺乳或进食障碍41.6941.72—0.981*
瘙痒症00.0020.86—0.245*
皮肤粘膜异常20.8562.59—0.173*
总不良反应7230.514820.695.9160.015
), ArticleFig(id=1324051212265455989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后不良反应发生率的性别分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应男女χ2值P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应3615.25229.483.5890.058
注射部位红斑145.9383.451.6110.204
注射部位肿胀208.47104.313.3820.066
注射部位疼痛187.63125.171.1750.278
注射部位触痛104.24125.170.2280.633
注射部位硬结166.7883.452.6690.102
注射部位瘙痒20.8500.00—0.499*
全身反应5222.033414.664.2470.039
发热166.7862.594.5920.032
腹泻20.8520.86—0.986*
易激惹3816.10229.484.5860.032
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)145.9383.451.6110.204
哺乳或进食障碍41.6941.72—0.981*
瘙痒症00.0020.86—0.245*
皮肤粘膜异常20.8562.59—0.173*
总不良反应7230.514820.695.9160.015
), ArticleFig(id=1324051212491948406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Age distribution of adverse reaction incidence in research subjects after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应3 ~ 5月龄6 ~ 11月龄12 ~ 23月龄≥24月龄P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应108.624013.33411.11425.000.221*
注射部位红斑43.45144.6725.56212.500.324*
注射部位肿胀21.72248.0025.56212.500.041*
注射部位疼痛86.90165.33411.11212.500.271*
注射部位触痛86.90103.3325.56212.500.117*
注射部位硬结21.72186.0025.56212.500.094*
注射部位瘙痒00.0000.0025.5600.000.012*
全身反应2824.144615.331027.78212.500.075a
发热65.17103.33616.6700.000.016*
腹泻21.7220.6700.0000.000.570*
易激惹2017.243411.33616.6700.000.136*
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)86.90144.6700.0000.000.389*
哺乳或进食障碍00.0082.6700.0000.000.366*
瘙痒症21.7200.0000.0000.000.172*
皮肤粘膜异常21.7241.3300.00212.500.060*
总不良反应3429.317023.331233.33425.000.427b
), ArticleFig(id=1324051214207418743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后不良反应发生率的年龄分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应3 ~ 5月龄6 ~ 11月龄12 ~ 23月龄≥24月龄P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应108.624013.33411.11425.000.221*
注射部位红斑43.45144.6725.56212.500.324*
注射部位肿胀21.72248.0025.56212.500.041*
注射部位疼痛86.90165.33411.11212.500.271*
注射部位触痛86.90103.3325.56212.500.117*
注射部位硬结21.72186.0025.56212.500.094*
注射部位瘙痒00.0000.0025.5600.000.012*
全身反应2824.144615.331027.78212.500.075a
发热65.17103.33616.6700.000.016*
腹泻21.7220.6700.0000.000.570*
易激惹2017.243411.33616.6700.000.136*
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)86.90144.6700.0000.000.389*
哺乳或进食障碍00.0082.6700.0000.000.366*
瘙痒症21.7200.0000.0000.000.172*
皮肤粘膜异常21.7241.3300.00212.500.060*
总不良反应3429.317023.331233.33425.000.427b
), ArticleFig(id=1324051214320664952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Dose distribution of adverse reaction incidence in research subjects after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应第1剂次第2剂次第3剂次第4剂次P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应1610.003214.4168.11433.330.051a
注射部位红斑106.25104.5022.7000.000.681*
注射部位肿胀106.25167.2145.4100.000.957*
注射部位疼痛63.75167.2145.41433.330.008*
注射部位触痛21.25146.3145.41216.670.013*
注射部位硬结63.75104.5068.11216.670.119*
注射部位瘙痒00.0000.0022.7000.000.075*
全身反应3421.254018.021013.51216.670.554b
发热63.75125.4145.4100.000.887*
腹泻42.5000.0000.0000.000.068*
易激惹2012.503013.51810.81216.670.911c
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)148.7562.7022.7000.000.049*
哺乳或进食障碍42.5020.9022.7000.000.438*
瘙痒症00.0000.0022.7000.000.075*
皮肤粘膜异常21.2541.8022.7000.000.769*
总不良反应4628.755826.131216.22433.330.199d
), ArticleFig(id=1324051214467465593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后不良反应发生率的接种剂次分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应第1剂次第2剂次第3剂次第4剂次P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应1610.003214.4168.11433.330.051a
注射部位红斑106.25104.5022.7000.000.681*
注射部位肿胀106.25167.2145.4100.000.957*
注射部位疼痛63.75167.2145.41433.330.008*
注射部位触痛21.25146.3145.41216.670.013*
注射部位硬结63.75104.5068.11216.670.119*
注射部位瘙痒00.0000.0022.7000.000.075*
全身反应3421.254018.021013.51216.670.554b
发热63.75125.4145.4100.000.887*
腹泻42.5000.0000.0000.000.068*
易激惹2012.503013.51810.81216.670.911c
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)148.7562.7022.7000.000.049*
哺乳或进食障碍42.5020.9022.7000.000.438*
瘙痒症00.0000.0022.7000.000.075*
皮肤粘膜异常21.2541.8022.7000.000.769*
总不良反应4628.755826.131216.22433.330.199d
), ArticleFig(id=1324051214547157370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Time distribution of adverse reaction incidence in research subjects after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应<30min30min ~ 24h1 ~ 3dχ2 值P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应265.56326.8400.0031.221<0.001
注射部位红斑81.71142.9900.0013.6690.001
注射部位肿胀122.56163.4220.4310.6270.005
注射部位疼痛122.56163.4220.4310.6270.005
注射部位触痛81.71142.9900.0013.6690.001
注射部位硬结61.28142.9940.857.1220.028
注射部位瘙痒00.0020.4300.00—0.333*
全身反应122.567215.3820.43106.525<0.001
发热40.85183.8500.0024.751<0.001
腹泻00.0040.8500.00—0.037*
易激惹 (容易哭闹)122.56469.8320.4355.575<0.001
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)00.00204.2720.4333.618<0.001
哺乳或进食障碍00.0081.7100.00—<0.001*
瘙痒症00.0020.4300.00—0.333*
皮肤粘膜异常00.0081.7100.00—<0.001*
总不良反应367.698417.9500.0097.099<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324051214635237755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324051203763601732, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

研究对象接种MPCV- ACYW135后不良反应发生率的发生时间分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
不良反应<30min30min ~ 24h1 ~ 3dχ2 值P值
例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)例数发生率(%)
局部反应265.56326.8400.0031.221<0.001
注射部位红斑81.71142.9900.0013.6690.001
注射部位肿胀122.56163.4220.4310.6270.005
注射部位疼痛122.56163.4220.4310.6270.005
注射部位触痛81.71142.9900.0013.6690.001
注射部位硬结61.28142.9940.857.1220.028
注射部位瘙痒00.0020.4300.00—0.333*
全身反应122.567215.3820.43106.525<0.001
发热40.85183.8500.0024.751<0.001
腹泻00.0040.8500.00—0.037*
易激惹 (容易哭闹)122.56469.8320.4355.575<0.001
嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)00.00204.2720.4333.618<0.001
哺乳或进食障碍00.0081.7100.00—<0.001*
瘙痒症00.0020.4300.00—0.333*
皮肤粘膜异常00.0081.7100.00—<0.001*
总不良反应367.698417.9500.0097.099<0.001
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深圳市罗湖区ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗预防接种不良反应主动监测结果分析
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王希丹 1 , 黄凯 1 , 赖春颖 2 , 陈传德 1
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2026,53(11): 2088-2094
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现代预防医学 |疾病预防控制 2026 , 53 (11) : 2088 -2094
深圳市罗湖区ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗预防接种不良反应主动监测结果分析
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王希丹1, 黄凯1, 赖春颖2, 陈传德1
作者信息
  • 1.深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心 传染病防制科,广东 深圳 518020
  • 2.深圳市罗湖医院集团东门街道社区健康服务中心
通讯作者:
陈传德,E-mail:
作者简介:

王希丹(1992—),女,硕士,主管医师,研究方向:传染病防控

Active surveillance of adverse reactions following vaccination with meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (groups A, C, Y, and W135) in Luohu District, Shenzhen
Xi-dan WANG1, Kai HUANG1, Chun-ying LAI2, Chuan-de CHEN1
Affiliations
  • Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Luohu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
出版时间: 2026-06-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601265
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目的

评价ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗(group A,C,Y and W135 meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine, MPCV-ACYW135)上市后适龄人群接种后不良反应发生情况。

方法

在深圳市罗湖区征集接种MPCV-ACYW135的适龄人群,采用主动监测的方式收集疫苗接种后0 ~ 30d发生的不良反应,分析不良反应发生率。

结果

共征集468名研究对象,接种后不良反应总发生率为25.64%,局部和全身反应的发生率分别为12.39%和18.38%(χ2=23.356,P<0.001),1级、2级、3级不良反应的总体发生率分别为14.53%、10.68%、0.43%(χ2=63.639,P<0.001),未观察到4级不良反应。接种后<30min、30min ~ 24h不良反应发生率分别为7.69%、17.95%(χ2=97.099,P<0.001)。

结论

研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后30d内不良反应发生水平与该疫苗上市前临床试验结果类似,以轻中度不良反应为主,发生时间主要集中在疫苗接种后24h内,具有良好的安全性。

ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗  /  预防接种  /  不良反应  /  主动监测
Objective

To evaluate the incidence of adverse reactions in age-eligible people after post-marketing vaccination with the groups A, C, Y, and W135 meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (MPCV-ACYW135).

Methods

Individuals who received MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination were recruited in Luohu District, Shenzhen. Active surveillance was conducted to collect adverse reactions occurring within 0-30 days after vaccination, and the incidence of adverse reactions was analyzed.

Results

A total of 468 participants were enrolled. The overall incidence of adverse reactions post-vaccination was 25.64%. The incidences of local reactions and systemic reactions were 12.39% and 18.38% (χ2=23.356, P<0.001), respectively. The overall incidences of grade 1, 2, and 3 adverse reactions were 14.53%, 10.68%, and 0.43% (χ2=63.639, P<0.001), and no grade 4 adverse reactions were observed. The incidences of adverse reactions at <30 minutes and 30 minutes - 24 hours after vaccination were 7.69% and 17.95% (χ2=97.099, P<0.001).

Conclusion

The incidence of adverse reactions within 30 days after MPCV-ACYW135 vaccination in the study population was consistent with the results of pre-marketing clinical trials. Adverse reactions were mainly mild to moderate, and most occurred within 24 hours after vaccination, indicating that the vaccine has good safety.

Meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (groups A, C, Y, and W135)  /  Vaccination  /  Adverse reactions  /  Active surveillance
王希丹, 黄凯, 赖春颖, 陈传德. 深圳市罗湖区ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗预防接种不良反应主动监测结果分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2088 -2094 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601265
Xi-dan WANG, Kai HUANG, Chun-ying LAI, Chuan-de CHEN. Active surveillance of adverse reactions following vaccination with meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (groups A, C, Y, and W135) in Luohu District, Shenzhen[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (11) : 2088 -2094 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601265
流行性脑脊髓膜炎(meningococcal meningitis)简称为流脑,是由脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Neisseria meningitidis,Nm)引起的急性化脓性脑膜炎。以突发高热、剧烈头痛、频繁呕吐、皮肤黏膜瘀点、瘀斑及脑膜刺激征为主要临床表现,具有发病急、进展快、传染性强、隐性感染率高和病死率高等特点[1]。一岁以下人群的发病率最高[2],且婴幼儿患者即使从疾病中存活下来,后续仍面临各类后遗症带来的长期消极后果和巨大的经济负担[3],疫苗接种是预防传染病最有效、最经济的方法[4]。目前我国大陆使用的脑膜炎球菌疫苗均为国产研发疫苗,包括脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗(meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine, MPV)和脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗(meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine,MPCV)。MPCV可诱导免疫记忆反应[5],尤其在<2岁人群中,优于MPV[1]。康希诺生物股份公司2021年研发上市的ACYW135群脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗(group A,C,Y and W135 meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine, MPCV-ACYW135)是我国首个四价MPCV,2022年正式在广东省使用,目前尚缺少上市后安全性评价。本研究对深圳市罗湖区各预防接种门诊接种MPCV-ACYW135人群的接种后不良反应进行分析,旨在为该疫苗今后更大范围的使用提供参考依据。
本研究疫苗为康希诺生物股份公司生产的MPCV-ACYW135(CRM197载体),每1次人用剂量0.5ml,含A、C群结合多糖各10 μg,Y、W135群结合多糖各5 μg。肌内注射,接种部位为上臂三角肌,婴儿可在大腿前外侧区。用于3月龄 ~ 3周岁(47月龄)儿童。免疫程序3 ~ 5月龄,基础免疫3剂次,每剂次间隔1个月,可在12月龄时加强注射1剂次,6 ~ 23月龄,免疫2剂次,每剂次间隔1 ~ 3个月,2 ~ 3周岁(47月龄)免疫1剂次。
按照儿童监护人知情同意、自愿参加的原则,于2024年9—12月在深圳市罗湖区各预防接种门诊招募经接种医生判断可以接种MPCV-ACYW135,并能配合完成所有调查随访的3月龄 ~ 3周岁(47月龄)儿童作为本次调查的研究对象。采用公式估计调查所需样本量。根据该疫苗Ⅲ期临床试验数据[5]预估不良反应总体发生率P为0.22,按照检验水准α=0.05,绝对容许误差δ=0.05,计算出所需样本量至少为264人。
本研究采取主动监测的方式进行不良反应相关信息收集。招募并培训深圳市罗湖区各预防接种门诊接种医生作为调查人员,在研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后30 min、24 h、3 d、7 d、15 d和30 d ,通过电话或下次接种时面访的方式主动向研究对象监护人询问和随访其不良反应发生情况,并进行详细登记。登记内容包括人口学信息(性别、出生日期)、接种信息(接种剂次、接种日期、当天是否同时接种其他疫苗)、接种后不良反应信息[参考疫苗说明书及Ш期临床试验结果[6],包含接种部位红斑、肿胀、疼痛、触痛、硬结、瘙痒、皮疹等局部反应,发热、腹泻、咳嗽、易激惹、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡、新发惊厥、哺乳或进食障碍,非注射部位瘙痒症、皮肤黏膜异常(皮疹、水疱、脓疱、溃疡等)等全身反应以及其他反应]。不良事件分为征集事件和非征集事件,征集事件包括预先列出的局部、全身反应,非征集事件指除上述已列出反应之外的其他不良事件。参照国家药品监督管理局发布的《预防用疫苗临床试验不良事件分级标准指导原则》(2019年修订),征集事件按照每种临床观察指标的具体表现程度分别分为1 ~ 3或1 ~ 4级,非征集事件分为1级(短时或轻微不适,不影响活动,无需治疗)、2级(轻度或中度活动受限,可能需就诊、不需或仅需轻度治疗)、3级(活动明显受限,需就诊并接受治疗,可能需要住院)和4级(可能威胁生命,活动严重受限,需监护治疗)。
采用SPSS 27. 0 软件进行数据统计分析,定量变量使用均数和标准差描述,计数变量使用频数和百分比描述。计算疫苗接种后不良反应发生率及其95% CI;不良反应发生率的组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法,双侧检验,检验水准为α=0.05。不良反应发生率(%)=发生不良反应的接种剂次数/总接种剂次数×100%。统计总不良反应发生数时,1名研究对象发生任何1种及以上不良反应即记为1例,统计具体不良反应表现时,同一研究对象的多种反应可分别记为1例。
本研究自2024年9—12月,共征集468名受种者,其中男性236人(50.43%),女性232人(49.57%),平均月龄为(8.39 ± 5.17)月。其中3 ~ 5月龄116人(24.79%),6 ~ 11月龄300人(64.10%),12 ~ 23月龄36人(7.69%),≥24月龄16人(3.42%)。接种总剂次为468剂次,本次研究为边接种边征集,每名研究对象仅有初次征集的1剂次纳入观察。征集到的接种剂次中,属于第1、2、3和4剂次的人数分别为160(34.19%)、222(47.44%)、74(15.81%)和12例(2.56%),其中婴幼儿时期母乳喂养228例(48.72%),接种该疫苗当天同时接种其他疫苗78例(16.67%)。
研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后发生不良反应的总例数为120例,发生率为25.64%,局部、全身反应的发生率分别为12.39%(95%CI:9.40% ~ 15.39%)、18.38%(95%CI:14.85% ~21.90%)(χ2=23.356,P<0.001)。局部、全身反应的不同临床表现发生率见表1。未观察到非征集性不良反应/事件。婴幼儿时期是否母乳喂养对疫苗接种后不良反应的发生率无影响(P>0.05)、接种该疫苗剂次当天是否同时接种其他疫苗对注射部位触痛(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.035)、易激惹(χ2=8.809,P=0.003)、嗜睡(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.035)及全身反应(χ2=10.950,P<0.001)和总体不良反应(χ2=5.164,P=0.023)的发生率有影响。
研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后,1级、2级、3级不良反应的总体发生率分别为14.53%、10.68%、0.43%,且不同级别不良反应的发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.639,P<0.001),未观察到4级不良反应。局部反应中1级、2级的发生率分别为8.55%、3.85%,且差异具有统计学意义(χ2=43.306,P<0.001),无3级不良反应;全身反应中1级、2级、3级的发生率分别为9.40%、8.55%、0.43%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=39.935,P<0.001),其中3级不良反应均为持续5 d及以内的发热。各临床表现中,不同严重程度级别的注射部位红斑、肿胀、疼痛、触痛、硬结,易激惹、嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)、哺乳或进食障碍的发生率有统计学差异。见表2。
男性、女性的总不良反应发生率分别为30.51%、20.69%(χ2=5.916,P=0.015),其中局部反应的发生率分别为15.25%和9.48%(χ2=3.589,P=0.058),全身反应的发生率分别为22.03%和14.66%(χ2=4.247,P=0.039)。不同性别各临床表现的发生率分布见表3,其中除发热(χ2=4.592,P=0.032)、易激惹(χ2=4.586,P=0.032)外,其他均无差异。
3 ~ 5月龄、6 ~ 11月龄、12 ~ 23月龄及≥24月龄研究对象不良反应的发生率分别为29.31%、23.33%、33.33%、25.00%(χ2=2.778,P=0.427),不同年龄段注射部位肿胀(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.041)、注射部位瘙痒(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.012)和发热(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.016)的发生率差异有统计学意义。见表4。
研究对象接种第1、2、3和4剂次MPCV- ACYW135的总体不良反应发生率分别为28.75%、26.13%、16.22%、33.33%(χ2=4.658,P=0.199),不良反应中,注射部位疼痛(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.008)、触痛(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.013)及嗜睡(疲劳、乏力)(Fisher确切概率法,P=0.049)在不同接种剂次后的发生率差异有统计学意义。见表5。
接种MPCV- ACYW135后<30 min、30 min ~ 24 h不良反应发生率分别为7.69%、17.95%(χ2=97.099,P<0.001)。其中,接种后<30 min、30 min ~ 24 h局部不良反应发生率分别为5.56%、6.84%(χ2=31.221,P<0.001),接种后<30 min、30 min ~ 24 h、1 ~ 3 d全身不良反应发生率分别为2.56%、15.38%、0.43%(χ2=106.525,P<0.001),未观察到接种后3 ~ 30 d内的不良反应。除注射部位瘙痒和全身瘙痒症外的其他表现在接种后不同时间段内的发生率差异均有统计学意义。见表6。
流脑作为一种急性中枢神经系统感染性疾病,病死率高达6 %~ 10%,且发生永久性后遗症(如脑损伤和四肢截肢)的可能性大[7]。全球76个国家将脑膜炎球菌疫苗纳入国家免疫规划,其中68个国家纳入MPCV,美国、澳大利亚等40多个国家已纳入MPCV-ACYW135[8]。本研究对深圳罗湖区接种MPCV-ACYW135的不良反应进行了主动监测。
结果发现,研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后总体不良反应发生率为25.64%,稍高于该疫苗Ⅲ期临床试验[6]结果(21.5%)。局部不良反应的发生率为12.39%,较Ⅲ期临床试验[6]结果高,全身不良反应发生率为18.38%,与Ⅲ期临床试验[6]结果类似。但无论是总体还是局部和全身不良反应发生率,均显著低于既往国外以破伤风类毒素(tetanus toxoid, TT)为载体的MPCV-ACYW135[9],以及以白喉毒素的无毒变异体(crossreactive material 197, CRM197)为载体、由葛兰素史克公司生产的MPCV-ACYW135[10]。局部反应中以注射部位肿胀和疼痛发生率最高,全身反应中易激惹发生率最高,均与既往研究[9,11]结果类似。全身反应较局部反应更为普遍,且严重程度分布中,1级最为高发,观察到的3级不良反应均为发热,无4级不良反应发生,表明不良反应以轻中度为主,与既往同类疫苗研究发现一致[12]。
母乳喂养对不良反应发生无影响、该疫苗与其他疫苗同时接种也具有良好的安全性,与同类型的其他疫苗研究结果[13-14]吻合,提示MPCV-ACYW135的接种能够与常规免疫规划疫苗接种计划融合,尤其在目前儿童疫苗种类繁多的情况下,多种疫苗同时接种更为高效,既能实现疫苗接种目标,又能够满足家庭减少前往医疗机构的需求。研究对象接种MPCV-ACYW135后不良反应主要发生在接种后24 h内,又以接种后30 min ~ 24 h发生率较高,与既往主动监测研究发现一致[15]。因此,除接种后30min留观外,前3 d尤其是前24 h对受种者的健康监测非常有必要。
男性接种对象的总体不良反应发生率高于女性,既往其他儿童疫苗主动监测未发现此差异[16],可能与接种对象的年龄范围不同有关,MPCV-ACYW135的适用人群年龄更小,而男性婴幼儿通常哭闹、躁动表现更明显,家长或观察者更容易发现和识别不良反应。此外,早期也有研究显示男性接种疫苗后红肿、硬结等不良反应发生率高于女性[17],可能是由于在接种某些疫苗后,男性的体液反应高于女性[18]。但不同性别接种后不良反应发生的差异与生物学及行为表达等多种因素相关[19],目前尚无明确的机制研究。不同年龄段注射部位肿胀、瘙痒以及发热的发生率不同,但总体不良反应发生率类似。接种不同剂次的不良反应发生率也无明显差异,且与Ⅲ期临床试验[6]结果一致。
综上,国产MPCV-ACYW135上市后安全性良好。但本研究仍存在以下局限性:样本量虽然满足统计学要求,但仍较小,无法观察到罕见及未征集不良事件;研究对象在深圳市罗湖区征集,范围较为局限,代表性不足;由于是现场在主动来接种的人群中招募对象,而非在总接种对象中进行随机抽样,导致研究对象年龄构成不够均衡。未来进一步开展多地区、多人群、大规模的上市后安全性监测非常有必要。
  • 深圳市罗湖区软科学研究计划项目(LX202302001)
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2026年第53卷第11期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202601265
  • 接收时间:2026-01-18
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-06-10
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  • 收稿日期:2026-01-18
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深圳市罗湖区软科学研究计划项目(LX202302001)
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    1.深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心 传染病防制科,广东 深圳 518020
    2.深圳市罗湖医院集团东门街道社区健康服务中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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