Article(id=1324050723033461681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1766851200000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793607892043, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1778342400000, pubDateStr=2026-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793607892043, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793607892043, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793607892043, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324050669933572771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1778342400000', pubDateStr='2026-05-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793607879384, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793670100562, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324311644528050975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324311644528050976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1590, endPage=1596, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324050723251565490, articleId=1324050723033461681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and the metabolic score for insulin resistance, columnId=1228016570660745413, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Environmental and Occupational Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the associations between single and mixed exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), and to explore the modifying effects of sex, age, and body mass index (BMI).

Methods

Data on serum concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and METS-IR were obtained from 2 345 participants aged 20-80 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013—2018. We employed weighted linear regression and restricted cubic splines to examine linear and nonlinear associations of single PFAS exposure with METS-IR. The joint effects and key driver components of PFAS mixtures were assessed using weighted quantile sum regression, quantile g-computation, and Bayesian kernel machine regression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess potential effect modification by sex, age, and BMI.

Results

All five PFAS were inversely associated with METS-IR, with PFHxS exhibiting a nonlinear relationship with METS-IR (qnonlinear=0.021). A higher mixed PFAS exposure index was inversely associated with METS-IR (β^=-0.329, 95% CI: -0.583~-0.08, P=0.001), with PFDA being the primary driver (w=0.625). The mixture effect was significant in males, the elderly, and individuals with obesity (all q<0.05).

Conclusions

PFAS exposure is inversely associated with METS-IR, with PFDA being the key component driving the joint effect. Future prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

, authors=Jin-zhao LI1, Jia-jia CHEN1, Zhen-yuan BAI1, Feng-yu YANG1, Zi-hao YANG1, Jing-yuan XIONG1, 2, authorsList=Jin-zhao LI, Jia-jia CHEN, Zhen-yuan BAI, Feng-yu YANG, Zi-hao YANG, Jing-yuan XIONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jing-yuan XIONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324050726309213117, articleId=1324050723033461681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=全氟和多氟烷基物质暴露与胰岛素抵抗代谢评分的关联, columnId=1228016571273113811, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=环境与职业卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究全氟和多氟烷基物质(per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFAS)单一及混合暴露与胰岛素抵抗代谢评分(metabolic score for insulin resistance,METS-IR)的关联,并探究性别、年龄与身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)的修饰作用。

方法

基于2013—2018年美国国家健康与营养调查数据库中2 345名20~80岁研究对象的血清全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟己烷磺酸、全氟壬酸、全氟葵酸浓度与METS-IR数据。采用加权线性回归与限制性立方样条探究单一PFAS暴露和METS-IR的线性与非线性关联,通过加权分位数和回归、分位数g计算与贝叶斯核机器回归探究PFAS的联合暴露效应与核心驱动组分,亚组分析探究性别、年龄和BMI的修饰作用。

结果

5种PFAS均与METS-IR呈负相关,其中全氟己烷磺酸与METS-IR存在非线性关联(q nonlinear=0.021)。PFAS混合暴露与METS-IR呈负相关(β^=-0.329,95%CI:-0.583~-0.08,P=0.001),其中全氟葵酸为主要驱动成分(权重w=0.625)。该混合效应在男性群体、老年人群体、肥胖群体中显著(q均<0.05)。

结论

PFAS暴露与METS-IR呈负相关,并以全氟葵酸为联合效应的关键组分。未来需要前瞻性队列研究进一步验证,并阐明相关的潜在作用机制。

, authors=李金钊1, 陈佳佳1, 白镇源1, 杨凤羽1, 杨子豪1, 熊静远1, 2, authorsList=李金钊, 陈佳佳, 白镇源, 杨凤羽, 杨子豪, 熊静远, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=熊静远, authorNote=

李金钊(2003—),男,本科在读,研究方向:劳动卫生与环境卫生

, correspAuthorsNote=
熊静远,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=x7OpPDDPm09gFTa8UVra2Q==, magXml=GMztV9oMGVhH7kZS23SYkQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=6ZTmVY252buiNNRTv7xmsA==, pdfFileSize=1035237, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=2o9yPgExshJdKQ2Gqhq+6w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=fKxJNpcHFYmrnpnG8slkGg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1324050726686700484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050726783169478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726686700484, language=EN, stringName=Jin-zhao LI, firstName=Jin-zhao, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050726858666951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726686700484, language=CN, stringName=李金钊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio={"content":"

李金钊(2003—),男,本科在读,研究方向:劳动卫生与环境卫生

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李金钊(2003—),男,本科在读,研究方向:劳动卫生与环境卫生

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050726942553033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727030633419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726942553033, language=EN, stringName=Jia-jia CHEN, firstName=Jia-jia, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727110325196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726942553033, language=CN, stringName=陈佳佳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050727181628366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727341011920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727181628366, language=EN, stringName=Zhen-yuan BAI, firstName=Zhen-yuan, middleName=null, lastName=BAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727420703697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727181628366, language=CN, stringName=白镇源, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050727538144211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727684944853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727538144211, language=EN, stringName=Feng-yu YANG, firstName=Feng-yu, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727798191062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727538144211, language=CN, stringName=杨凤羽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050727890465752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050728003711962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727890465752, language=EN, stringName=Zi-hao YANG, firstName=Zi-hao, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050728095986651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727890465752, language=CN, stringName=杨子豪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050728234398685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jzx0004@tigermail.auburn.edu, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050729933091808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050728234398685, language=EN, stringName=Jing-yuan XIONG, firstName=Jing-yuan, middleName=null, lastName=XIONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050730184750049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050728234398685, language=CN, stringName=熊静远, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324050726607008705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726615397314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726607008705, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610041)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1324050730331550690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Endocrine disrupting chemicals), Keyword(id=1324050730432213987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), Keyword(id=1324050730599986148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=METS-IR), Keyword(id=1324050730675483621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Bayesian kernel machine regression), Keyword(id=1324050730750981094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=NHANES), Keyword(id=1324050730809701351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=内分泌干扰物), Keyword(id=1324050731023610856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=全氟和多氟烷基物质), Keyword(id=1324050731107496937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=METS-IR), Keyword(id=1324050731178800106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=贝叶斯核机器回归), Keyword(id=1324050731250103275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=NHANES)], refs=[Reference(id=1324050732852327417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=414, pageEnd=428.e3, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Chew NWS, Ng CH, Tan DJH, journalName=Cell Metabolism, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chew NWS, Ng CH, Tan DJH, et al. The global burden of metabolic disease:Data from 2000 to 2019 [J]. Cell Metabolism, 2023, 35(3): 414-428.e3., articleTitle=The global burden of metabolic disease:Data from 2000 to 2019, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050734530049018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=7, issue=1, pageStart=216, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Li MW, Chi XW, Wang Y, journalName=Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li MW, Chi XW, Wang Y, et al. Trends in insulin resistance:insights into mechanisms and therapeutic strategy [J]. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2022, 7(1): 216., articleTitle=Trends in insulin resistance:insights into mechanisms and therapeutic strategy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050734643295227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=16, pageStart=2911, pageEnd=2917, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=钱燕萍, 楼雪勇, 潘轶斌, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=钱燕萍,楼雪勇,潘轶斌,等. 中国中老年人胰岛素抵抗代谢评分与心血管代谢性共病发病风险的队列研究 [J]. 现代预防医学,2024, 51(16):2911-2917., articleTitle=中国中老年人胰岛素抵抗代谢评分与心血管代谢性共病发病风险的队列研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050734714598396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=16, pageStart=2911, pageEnd=2917, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Qian YP, Lou XY, Pan YB, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qian YP, Lou XY, Pan YB, et al. Association between insulin resistance metabolic score and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and elderly Chinese in a cohort study [J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024, 51(16): 2911-2917. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Association between insulin resistance metabolic score and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and elderly Chinese in a cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050734806873085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=30, issue=8, pageStart=1549, pageEnd=1563, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Gastaldelli A, journalName=Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gastaldelli A. Measuring and estimating insulin resistance in clinical and research settings [J]. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2022, 30(8): 1549-1563., articleTitle=Measuring and estimating insulin resistance in clinical and research settings, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050734894953470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=178, issue=5, pageStart=533, pageEnd=544, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Bello-Chavolla OY, Almeda-Valdes P, Gomez-Velasco D, journalName=European Journal of Endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bello-Chavolla OY, Almeda-Valdes P, Gomez-Velasco D, et al. METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes [J]. European Journal of Endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies, 2018, 178(5): 533-544., articleTitle=METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050734991422463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=243, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Duan MX, Zhao X, Li SL, journalName=Cardiovascular Diabetology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Duan MX, Zhao X, Li SL, et al. Metabolic score for insulin resistance(METS-IR)predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population:evidence from NHANES 2001-2018 [J]. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 2024, 23(1): 243., articleTitle=Metabolic score for insulin resistance(METS-IR)predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population:evidence from NHANES 2001-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735079502848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=375, issue=6580, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Evich MG, Davis MJB, McCord JP, journalName=Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Evich MG, Davis MJB, McCord JP, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment [J]. Science, 2022, 375(6580): eabg9065., articleTitle=Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735171776512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=304, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Xu YQ, Zhang LY, Wang PP, journalName=Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu YQ, Zhang LY, Wang PP, et al. Effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy adults:The moderating role of caffeine consumption [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2025, 304: 119092., articleTitle=Effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy adults:The moderating role of caffeine consumption, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735398268929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=298, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Yang LX, Zhai JY, Chen ZJ, journalName=Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang LX, Zhai JY, Chen ZJ, et al. Female-specific associations of serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances with sex hormonal/insulin dysregulation:An integrated population-based study [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2025, 298: 118273., articleTitle=Female-specific associations of serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances with sex hormonal/insulin dysregulation:An integrated population-based study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735473766402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=36, issue=3, pageStart=249, pageEnd=261, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Gaillard L, Barouki R, Blanc E, journalName=Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gaillard L, Barouki R, Blanc E, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances as persistent pollutants with metabolic and endocrine-disrupting impacts [J]. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2025, 36(3): 249-261., articleTitle=Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances as persistent pollutants with metabolic and endocrine-disrupting impacts, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735540875267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=11, issue=3, pageStart=115, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Margolis R, Sant KE, journalName=J Xenobiot, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Margolis R, Sant KE. Associations between Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, or Insulin Resistance:A Scoping Review [J]. J Xenobiot, 2021, 11(3): 115-129., articleTitle=Associations between Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, or Insulin Resistance:A Scoping Review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735616372740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Tian Q, Yang Y, An Q, journalName=Front Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tian Q, Yang Y, An Q, et al. Association of exposure to multiple perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and glucose metabolism in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018 [J]. Front Public Health, 2024, 12: 1370971., articleTitle=Association of exposure to multiple perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and glucose metabolism in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735679287301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=346, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Wu ML, Zhu ZW, Wan RJ, journalName=Environmental Pollution, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu ML, Zhu ZW, Wan RJ, et al. Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance and metabolic syndrome:A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES, 2003-2018 [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2024, 346: 123615., articleTitle=Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance and metabolic syndrome:A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES, 2003-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735763173382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=174, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Lin LX, Lin XQ, Chang SD, journalName=Lipids in Health and Disease, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lin LX, Lin XQ, Chang SD, et al. Age-specific associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and metabolic syndrome:a cross-sectional study [J]. Lipids in Health and Disease, 2025, 24(1): 174., articleTitle=Age-specific associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and metabolic syndrome:a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735826087943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=29, issue=2, pageStart=131, pageEnd=147, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Sunderland EM, Hu XC, Dassuncao C, journalName=Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sunderland EM, Hu XC, Dassuncao C, et al. A review of the pathways of human exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)and present understanding of health effects [J]. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 2019, 29(2): 131-147., articleTitle=A review of the pathways of human exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)and present understanding of health effects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735905779720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Niu YY, Xiao L, Feng L, journalName=Scientific Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Niu YY, Xiao L, Feng L. Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome risk:a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007-2018 [J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 15153., articleTitle=Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome risk:a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050735993860105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=15, issue=8, pageStart=1274, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Wang WJ, Lin YL, Su TC, journalName=Life (Chicago, Ill.: 1978), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang WJ, Lin YL, Su TC, et al. Association between serum per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and Iron status biomarkers in a representative sample of U.S. adults:NHANES 2013-2018 [J]. Life (Chicago, Ill.: 1978), 2025, 15(8): 1274., articleTitle=Association between serum per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and Iron status biomarkers in a representative sample of U.S. adults:NHANES 2013-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736069357578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=28, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Chang JJ, Zhou ZH, Hong WW, journalName=Metabolism Open, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chang JJ, Zhou ZH, Hong WW, et al. The moderating role of vitamin E in the association between PFAS exposures and diabetes risk:Evidence from the NHANES 2017-2018 [J]. Metabolism Open, 2025, 28: 100395., articleTitle=The moderating role of vitamin E in the association between PFAS exposures and diabetes risk:Evidence from the NHANES 2017-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736153243659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=287, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Jia P, Yu XW, Jin YX, journalName=Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jia P, Yu XW, Jin YX, et al. Relationship between per-fluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and insulin resistance in nondiabetic adults:Evidence from NHANES 2003-2018 [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2024, 287: 117260., articleTitle=Relationship between per-fluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and insulin resistance in nondiabetic adults:Evidence from NHANES 2003-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736232935436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=385, issue=19, pageStart=1737, pageEnd=1749, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Inker LA, Eneanya ND, Coresh J, journalName=New England Journal of Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Inker LA, Eneanya ND, Coresh J, et al. New creatinine- and cystatin C-Based equations to estimate GFR without race [J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2021, 385(19): 1737-1749., articleTitle=New creatinine- and cystatin C-Based equations to estimate GFR without race, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736325210125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=851, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Bai JJ, Ma YDA, Zhao YD, journalName=Science of the Total Environment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bai JJ, Ma YDA, Zhao YD, et al. Mixed exposure to phenol, parabens, pesticides, and phthalates and insulin resistance in NHANES:A mixture approach [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 851(Pt 2): 158218., articleTitle=Mixed exposure to phenol, parabens, pesticides, and phthalates and insulin resistance in NHANES:A mixture approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736392318990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=367, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Chen C, Ye Y, Zhang YB, journalName=BMJ (Clinical Research ed.), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen C, Ye Y, Zhang YB, et al. Weight change across adulthood in relation to all cause and cause specific mortality:prospective cohort study [J]. BMJ (Clinical Research ed.), 2019, 367: l5584., articleTitle=Weight change across adulthood in relation to all cause and cause specific mortality:prospective cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736480399375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=84, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Ding L, Zhang HD, Dai C, journalName=Cardiovascular Diabetology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ding L, Zhang HD, Dai C, et al. The prognostic value of the stress hyperglycemia ratio for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes:insights from NHANES 2005-2018 [J]. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 2024, 23(1): 84., articleTitle=The prognostic value of the stress hyperglycemia ratio for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes:insights from NHANES 2005-2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736576868368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2026, volume=272, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Rausgaard NLK, Gehrt L, Ernst MT, journalName=International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rausgaard NLK, Gehrt L, Ernst MT, et al. In utero and early childhood exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and use of antibiotics in children from the Odense Child Cohort:A Danish cohort study [J]. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2026, 272: 114734., articleTitle=In utero and early childhood exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and use of antibiotics in children from the Odense Child Cohort:A Danish cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736664948753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=25, issue=1, pageStart=282, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Yang L, Zhang XY, Chen J, journalName=Genome Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang L, Zhang XY, Chen J. Winsorization greatly reduces false positives by popular differential expression methods when analyzing human population samples [J]. Genome Biology, 2024, 25(1): 282., articleTitle=Winsorization greatly reduces false positives by popular differential expression methods when analyzing human population samples, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736761417746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=289, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Qiao WY, Li JS, Luo LJ, journalName=Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qiao WY, Li JS, Luo LJ, et al. Triglycerides mediate the relationships of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance(PFAS)exposure with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)risk in US participants [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2025, 289: 117436., articleTitle=Triglycerides mediate the relationships of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance(PFAS)exposure with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)risk in US participants, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736836915219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=212, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Petersen KU, H?rvig KK, Flachs EM, journalName=Environmental Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Petersen KU, H?rvig KK, Flachs EM, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and male reproductive function in young adulthood; a cross-sectional study [J]. Environmental Research, 2022, 212(Part A): 113157., articleTitle=Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and male reproductive function in young adulthood; a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050736912412692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=38, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Qiao JC, Li ZH, Ma YB, journalName=Environmental Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qiao JC, Li ZH, Ma YB, et al. Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and their mixture with risk of rheumatoid arthritis in the U.S. adult population [J]. Environmental Health, 2024, 23(1): 38., articleTitle=Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and their mixture with risk of rheumatoid arthritis in the U.S. adult population, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050737071796245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=55, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Yan W, Bai R, Zheng Q, journalName=Annals of Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yan W, Bai R, Zheng Q, et al. Concentrations and association between exposure to mixed perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and glycometabolism among adolescents [J]. Annals of Medicine, 2023, 55(1): 2227844., articleTitle=Concentrations and association between exposure to mixed perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and glycometabolism among adolescents, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050737151488022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2026, volume=60, issue=5, pageStart=4171, pageEnd=4183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Zhang JR, Sun PJ, Ren HM, journalName=Environmental Science & Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang JR, Sun PJ, Ren HM, et al. Exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and abnormal glycometabolism in healthy elderly:multiomics evidence from the China BAPE study [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2026, 60(5): 4171-4183., articleTitle=Exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and abnormal glycometabolism in healthy elderly:multiomics evidence from the China BAPE study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050737226985495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=20, issue=21, pageStart=6984, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Sonnenberg NK, Ojewole AE, Ojewole CO, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sonnenberg NK, Ojewole AE, Ojewole CO, et al. Trends in serum Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance(PFAS)concentrations in teenagers and adults, 1999-2018 NHANES [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023, 20(21): 6984., articleTitle=Trends in serum Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance(PFAS)concentrations in teenagers and adults, 1999-2018 NHANES, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050737315065880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=920, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Tan K, Zhang QQ, Wang YJ, journalName=Science of the Total Environment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tan K, Zhang QQ, Wang YJ, et al. Associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and thyroid hormone levels in the elderly [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2024, 920: 170761., articleTitle=Associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and thyroid hormone levels in the elderly, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050737407340569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=235, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Ding N, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Herman WH, journalName=International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ding N, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Herman WH, et al. Associations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and PFAS mixtures with adipokines in midlife women [J]. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2021, 235: 113777., articleTitle=Associations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and PFAS mixtures with adipokines in midlife women, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050737499615258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=63, issue=23, pageStart=7423, pageEnd=7443, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Almeida NMS, Bali SK, James D, journalName=Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Almeida NMS, Bali SK, James D, et al. Binding of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)to the PPARγ/RXRα-DNA complex [J]. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 2023, 63(23): 7423-7443., articleTitle=Binding of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)to the PPARγ/RXRα-DNA complex, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050739156365339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=54, issue=6, pageStart=3428, pageEnd=3436, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Qin WP, Cao LY, Li CH, journalName=Environmental Science & Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qin WP, Cao LY, Li CH, et al. Perfluoroalkyl substances stimulate insulin secretion by islet β cells via G Protein-Coupled receptor 40 [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2020, 54(6): 3428-3436., articleTitle=Perfluoroalkyl substances stimulate insulin secretion by islet β cells via G Protein-Coupled receptor 40, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324050732760052728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, awardId=2025ZNSFSC0641, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2025ZNSFSC0641), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324050726607008705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726615397314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726607008705, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324050731455624172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Spearman rank correlation heatmaps among exposure variables, figureFileSmall=34fFvF7rx19w7JorFvb2Rw==, figureFileBig=2o9yPgExshJdKQ2Gqhq+6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050731535315949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, label=图1, caption=暴露变量间的Spearman秩相关热图

注:PFNA为全氟壬酸;PFDA为全氟葵酸。

, figureFileSmall=34fFvF7rx19w7JorFvb2Rw==, figureFileBig=2o9yPgExshJdKQ2Gqhq+6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050731925386222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Analysis results of restricted cubic splines, figureFileSmall=BVwoDK7U2de+/FS4MifPxw==, figureFileBig=Ef8ThjPfeB5SKPINEk6Bbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050732000883695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, label=图2, caption=RCS分析结果

注:A为全氟辛酸与METS-IR的RCS结果;B为PFOS与METS-IR的RCS结果;C为PFHxS与METS-IR的RCS结果;D为全氟葵酸与METS-IR的RCS结果;E为全氟壬酸与METS-IR的RCS结果;所有模型均调整了方法部分列出的全部协变量。

, figureFileSmall=BVwoDK7U2de+/FS4MifPxw==, figureFileBig=Ef8ThjPfeB5SKPINEk6Bbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050732076381168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=The association between PFAS mixed exposure and METS-IR, figureFileSmall=s2roz2md4MOIhBYYFYa7pw==, figureFileBig=tAqlo4tCIRkD2vBHeOaTqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050732147684337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, label=图3, caption=PFAS混合暴露与METS-IR之间的关联

注:A为WQS权重图;B为QGcomp权重图;C为BKMR误差项方差轨迹图;D为BKMR的PFAS总效应趋势图;E为BKMR的PIP图;F为BKMR的PFAS单暴露条件剂量-反应关系图;以上分析均调整了方法部分列出的全部协变量;PFOA为全氟辛酸;PFNA为全氟壬酸;PFDA为全氟葵酸。

, figureFileSmall=s2roz2md4MOIhBYYFYa7pw==, figureFileBig=tAqlo4tCIRkD2vBHeOaTqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324050732214793202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of the study population

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征统计描述特征统计描述
全氟辛酸(ng/ml)1.7(1.1, 2.6)年龄(岁)51.0(36.0, 65.0)
PFOS(ng/ml)5.4(3.0, 9.3)BMI(kg/m2)28.2(24.3, 33.5)
PFHxS(ng/ml)1.3(0.7, 2.2)eGFR[ml/(min·1.73m2)]96.8(81.2, 110.2)
全氟壬酸(ng/ml)0.6(0.4, 0.9)PIR2.1(1.1, 4.1)
全氟葵酸(ng/ml)0.2(0.1, 0.3)性别
METS-IR42.2(34.5, 51.4)男性1 129(48.1)
能量摄入水平女性1 216(51.9)
低水平986(42.0)种族
中水平964(41.1)墨西哥裔美国人322(13.7)
高水平395(16.8)其他西班牙裔249(10.6)
吸烟非西班牙裔白人888(37.9)
从未吸烟1 316(56.1)非西班牙裔黑人520(22.2)
既往吸烟568(24.2)其他种族-包括多种族366(15.6)
目前吸烟461(19.7)教育水平
饮酒高中以下530(22.6)
不饮酒754(32.2)高中毕业或同等学历513(21.9)
适度饮酒1 429(60.9)大专及以上1 302(55.5)
过度饮酒162(6.9)高脂血症
糖尿病是1 623(69.2)
非糖尿病776(33.1)否722(30.8)
糖尿病前期1 068(45.5)高血压
糖尿病501(21.4)是1 041(44.4)
否1 304(55.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050732298679283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究人群基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征统计描述特征统计描述
全氟辛酸(ng/ml)1.7(1.1, 2.6)年龄(岁)51.0(36.0, 65.0)
PFOS(ng/ml)5.4(3.0, 9.3)BMI(kg/m2)28.2(24.3, 33.5)
PFHxS(ng/ml)1.3(0.7, 2.2)eGFR[ml/(min·1.73m2)]96.8(81.2, 110.2)
全氟壬酸(ng/ml)0.6(0.4, 0.9)PIR2.1(1.1, 4.1)
全氟葵酸(ng/ml)0.2(0.1, 0.3)性别
METS-IR42.2(34.5, 51.4)男性1 129(48.1)
能量摄入水平女性1 216(51.9)
低水平986(42.0)种族
中水平964(41.1)墨西哥裔美国人322(13.7)
高水平395(16.8)其他西班牙裔249(10.6)
吸烟非西班牙裔白人888(37.9)
从未吸烟1 316(56.1)非西班牙裔黑人520(22.2)
既往吸烟568(24.2)其他种族-包括多种族366(15.6)
目前吸烟461(19.7)教育水平
饮酒高中以下530(22.6)
不饮酒754(32.2)高中毕业或同等学历513(21.9)
适度饮酒1 429(60.9)大专及以上1 302(55.5)
过度饮酒162(6.9)高脂血症
糖尿病是1 623(69.2)
非糖尿病776(33.1)否722(30.8)
糖尿病前期1 068(45.5)高血压
糖尿病501(21.4)是1 041(44.4)
否1 304(55.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050732378371060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Results of weighted linear regression analysis of PFAS and METS-IR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
暴露Model 1Model 2Model 3
β^(95%CI)P值q值β^(95%CI)P值q值β^(95%CI)P值q值
全氟辛酸-2.495
(-3.780~-1.211)
<0.001<0.001-0.687
(-1.056~-0.318)
<0.0010.001-0.433
(-0.791~-0.075)
0.0190.019
PFOS-1.434
(-2.562~-0.305)
0.0140.018-0.495
(-0.850~-0.140)
0.0080.008-0.417
(-0.744~-0.09)
0.0140.018
PFHxS-1.301
(-2.535~-0.066)
0.0390.039-0.609
(-0.959~-0.258)
0.0010.002-0.396
(-0.695~-0.096)
0.0110.018
全氟壬酸-1.708
(-2.781~-0.635)
0.0030.004-0.446
(-0.734~-0.158)
0.00330.0041-0.352
(-0.629~-0.075)
0.01450.018
全氟葵酸-2.955
(-4.039~-1.87)
<0.001<0.001-0.643
(-0.945~-0.342)
<0.001<0.001-0.588
(-0.905~-0.271)
<0.0010.004
), ArticleFig(id=1324050732466451445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

PFAS与METS-IR的加权线性回归分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
暴露Model 1Model 2Model 3
β^(95%CI)P值q值β^(95%CI)P值q值β^(95%CI)P值q值
全氟辛酸-2.495
(-3.780~-1.211)
<0.001<0.001-0.687
(-1.056~-0.318)
<0.0010.001-0.433
(-0.791~-0.075)
0.0190.019
PFOS-1.434
(-2.562~-0.305)
0.0140.018-0.495
(-0.850~-0.140)
0.0080.008-0.417
(-0.744~-0.09)
0.0140.018
PFHxS-1.301
(-2.535~-0.066)
0.0390.039-0.609
(-0.959~-0.258)
0.0010.002-0.396
(-0.695~-0.096)
0.0110.018
全氟壬酸-1.708
(-2.781~-0.635)
0.0030.004-0.446
(-0.734~-0.158)
0.00330.0041-0.352
(-0.629~-0.075)
0.01450.018
全氟葵酸-2.955
(-4.039~-1.87)
<0.001<0.001-0.643
(-0.945~-0.342)
<0.001<0.001-0.588
(-0.905~-0.271)
<0.0010.004
), ArticleFig(id=1324050732533560310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Subgroup analysis of the association between PFAS mixed exposure and METS-IR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别样本量β^(95%CI)P值q值P交互值q交互值
性别
男1 129-0.437 (-0.733~-0.142)0.0040.0100.2250.225
女1 216-0.279 (-0.534~-0.025)0.0320.064
年龄
青年人910-0.096 (-0.426~0.234)0.5700.6500.0320.084
中年人581-0.287 (-0.700~0.127)0.1750.233
老年人854-0.571 (-0.875~-0.268)<0.0010.002
BMI
正常660-0.052 (-0.278~0.173)0.6500.6500.0950.127
超重737-0.287 (-0.585~0.011)0.0590.095
肥胖948-0.596 (-0.979~-0.214)0.0020.009
), ArticleFig(id=1324050732604863479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

PFAS混合暴露与METS-IR关联的亚组分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别样本量β^(95%CI)P值q值P交互值q交互值
性别
男1 129-0.437 (-0.733~-0.142)0.0040.0100.2250.225
女1 216-0.279 (-0.534~-0.025)0.0320.064
年龄
青年人910-0.096 (-0.426~0.234)0.5700.6500.0320.084
中年人581-0.287 (-0.700~0.127)0.1750.233
老年人854-0.571 (-0.875~-0.268)<0.0010.002
BMI
正常660-0.052 (-0.278~0.173)0.6500.6500.0950.127
超重737-0.287 (-0.585~0.011)0.0590.095
肥胖948-0.596 (-0.979~-0.214)0.0020.009
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1788949112281, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=X, firstLetterEn=X, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304510385713861624, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949112585, updatedTime=1788949112585, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304510385772581881, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949112599, updatedTime=1788949112599, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=X, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1778342400000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
全氟和多氟烷基物质暴露与胰岛素抵抗代谢评分的关联
收藏切换
PDF下载
李金钊 1 , 陈佳佳 1 , 白镇源 1 , 杨凤羽 1 , 杨子豪 1 , 熊静远 1, 2
现代预防医学 | 环境与职业卫生 2026,53(9): 1590-1596
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 |环境与职业卫生 2026 , 53 (9) : 1590 -1596
全氟和多氟烷基物质暴露与胰岛素抵抗代谢评分的关联
全屏
[Author(id=1324050726686700484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050726783169478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726686700484, language=EN, stringName=Jin-zhao LI, firstName=Jin-zhao, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050726858666951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726686700484, language=CN, stringName=李金钊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio={"content":"

李金钊(2003—),男,本科在读,研究方向:劳动卫生与环境卫生

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李金钊(2003—),男,本科在读,研究方向:劳动卫生与环境卫生

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050726942553033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727030633419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726942553033, language=EN, stringName=Jia-jia CHEN, firstName=Jia-jia, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727110325196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050726942553033, language=CN, stringName=陈佳佳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050727181628366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727341011920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727181628366, language=EN, stringName=Zhen-yuan BAI, firstName=Zhen-yuan, middleName=null, lastName=BAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727420703697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727181628366, language=CN, stringName=白镇源, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050727538144211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727684944853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727538144211, language=EN, stringName=Feng-yu YANG, firstName=Feng-yu, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050727798191062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727538144211, language=CN, stringName=杨凤羽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050727890465752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050728003711962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727890465752, language=EN, stringName=Zi-hao YANG, firstName=Zi-hao, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050728095986651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050727890465752, language=CN, stringName=杨子豪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1324050728234398685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jzx0004@tigermail.auburn.edu, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324050729933091808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050728234398685, language=EN, stringName=Jing-yuan XIONG, firstName=Jing-yuan, middleName=null, lastName=XIONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1324050730184750049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, authorId=1324050728234398685, language=CN, stringName=熊静远, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050726527316926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726535705535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726544094144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726527316926, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324050726607008705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050726615397314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050723033461681, companyId=1324050726607008705, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610041)])])]
李金钊1, 陈佳佳1, 白镇源1, 杨凤羽1, 杨子豪1, 熊静远1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
  • 2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610041
通讯作者:
熊静远,E-mail:
作者简介:

李金钊(2003—),男,本科在读,研究方向:劳动卫生与环境卫生

Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and the metabolic score for insulin resistance
Jin-zhao LI1, Jia-jia CHEN1, Zhen-yuan BAI1, Feng-yu YANG1, Zi-hao YANG1, Jing-yuan XIONG1, 2
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-05-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

探究全氟和多氟烷基物质(per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFAS)单一及混合暴露与胰岛素抵抗代谢评分(metabolic score for insulin resistance,METS-IR)的关联,并探究性别、年龄与身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)的修饰作用。

方法

基于2013—2018年美国国家健康与营养调查数据库中2 345名20~80岁研究对象的血清全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟己烷磺酸、全氟壬酸、全氟葵酸浓度与METS-IR数据。采用加权线性回归与限制性立方样条探究单一PFAS暴露和METS-IR的线性与非线性关联,通过加权分位数和回归、分位数g计算与贝叶斯核机器回归探究PFAS的联合暴露效应与核心驱动组分,亚组分析探究性别、年龄和BMI的修饰作用。

结果

5种PFAS均与METS-IR呈负相关,其中全氟己烷磺酸与METS-IR存在非线性关联(q nonlinear=0.021)。PFAS混合暴露与METS-IR呈负相关(β^=-0.329,95%CI:-0.583~-0.08,P=0.001),其中全氟葵酸为主要驱动成分(权重w=0.625)。该混合效应在男性群体、老年人群体、肥胖群体中显著(q均<0.05)。

结论

PFAS暴露与METS-IR呈负相关,并以全氟葵酸为联合效应的关键组分。未来需要前瞻性队列研究进一步验证,并阐明相关的潜在作用机制。

内分泌干扰物  /  全氟和多氟烷基物质  /  METS-IR  /  贝叶斯核机器回归  /  NHANES
Objective

To investigate the associations between single and mixed exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), and to explore the modifying effects of sex, age, and body mass index (BMI).

Methods

Data on serum concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and METS-IR were obtained from 2 345 participants aged 20-80 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013—2018. We employed weighted linear regression and restricted cubic splines to examine linear and nonlinear associations of single PFAS exposure with METS-IR. The joint effects and key driver components of PFAS mixtures were assessed using weighted quantile sum regression, quantile g-computation, and Bayesian kernel machine regression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess potential effect modification by sex, age, and BMI.

Results

All five PFAS were inversely associated with METS-IR, with PFHxS exhibiting a nonlinear relationship with METS-IR (qnonlinear=0.021). A higher mixed PFAS exposure index was inversely associated with METS-IR (β^=-0.329, 95% CI: -0.583~-0.08, P=0.001), with PFDA being the primary driver (w=0.625). The mixture effect was significant in males, the elderly, and individuals with obesity (all q<0.05).

Conclusions

PFAS exposure is inversely associated with METS-IR, with PFDA being the key component driving the joint effect. Future prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals  /  Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances  /  METS-IR  /  Bayesian kernel machine regression  /  NHANES
李金钊, 陈佳佳, 白镇源, 杨凤羽, 杨子豪, 熊静远. 全氟和多氟烷基物质暴露与胰岛素抵抗代谢评分的关联. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (9) : 1590 -1596 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537
Jin-zhao LI, Jia-jia CHEN, Zhen-yuan BAI, Feng-yu YANG, Zi-hao YANG, Jing-yuan XIONG. Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and the metabolic score for insulin resistance[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (9) : 1590 -1596 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537
过去20年(2000—2019),全球慢性代谢性疾病负担日益沉重,年死亡病例数超千万[1]。作为2型糖尿病、心血管疾病及非酒精性脂肪性肝病等代谢紊乱的核心病理基础,胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)的早期识别至关重要[2-3]。然而,受限于操作难度与成本,IR评估的金标准——钳夹试验,难以应用于大规模人群筛查[4]。近年来,胰岛素抵抗代谢评分(metabolic score for insulin resistance,METS-IR)作为一种新型综合评估指标受到关注,其整合了空腹血糖、血脂谱及身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI),为早期识别IR提供了有效工具[5]。研究显示,与甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数(triglyceride glucose index,TyG)、三酰甘油与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio,TG/HDL-C)和稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)等指标相比,METS-IR与美国人群的全因及心血管死亡率关联更强[6]。
全氟和多氟烷基物质(per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFAS)是一类广泛存在的环境持久性污染物,其潜在健康风险备受关注[7]。目前关于PFAS暴露与糖代谢异常及IR关联的研究结论尚不一致:部分研究提示PFAS暴露可能干扰内分泌稳态,增加代谢内分泌异常的风险[8-10];而另一些研究则观察到无或相反的关联[11-14]。这种异质性可能与研究设计、人群特征及暴露水平差异有关。值得注意的是,PFAS常以混合物形式存在,且其对脂质稳态及BMI的调节作用提示,整合了多维代谢参数的METS-IR可能比单一血糖指标更敏锐地捕捉到PFAS诱发的早期代谢紊乱[15]。因此,本研究采用美国国家健康与营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)的大样本人群数据,系统探究PFAS单一及混合暴露与METS-IR的关联,旨在为慢性代谢性疾病的防控策略提供科学依据。
本研究数据来源于NHANES数据库,该调查方案经伦理审查委员会批准,所有参与者均签署书面知情同意书[16]。选取2013—2018年三个调查周期数据为研究样本,初始纳入29 400名研究对象。按以下标准筛选:(1)排除PFAS暴露数据缺失者(n=23 524);(2)排除METS-IR数据缺失者(n=3 061);(3)排除年龄<20岁者(n=470)。最终纳入2 345名20~80岁研究对象开展后续分析。
本研究纳入NHANES 2013—2018年三个调查周期检出率均>70%的5种PFAS[17]:包括全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)、全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluorooctane sulfonic acid,PFOS)、全氟己烷磺酸(perfluorohexane sulfonic acid,PFHxS)、全氟壬酸(perfluorononanoic acid)和全氟癸酸(perfluorodecanoic acid)。根据NHANES的技术说明,总PFOA、总PFOS分别为对应正构体与支链异构体之和。上述分析物的检出限均为0.1 ng/ml,对于浓度低于检出限的样本采用“检出限除以”进行替代处理。具体实验流程可在NHANES官方网站的实验室数据部分查阅[18]。
本研究选择METS-IR作为结局变量,使用以下公式计算:METS-IR = Ln [(2×空腹血糖(mg/dl) + 空腹甘油三酯(mg/dl))×BMI(kg/m2)] / Ln [高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mg/dl)]。其中,空腹血糖、空腹甘油三酯及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇数据来源于NHANES的“Laboratory Data”模块。BMI数据提取自“Examination Data”模块。
协变量参考既往研究[9,19]选择,包括:性别、年龄、BMI、种族、教育水平、家庭收入与贫困线比值(poverty income ratio,PIR)、能量摄入水平、吸烟、饮酒、肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR)、高脂血症、糖尿病及高血压。教育水平根据受教育年限分为:高中以下、高中毕业或同等学历、大学或以上。eGFR根据2021年CKD-EPI公式估算[20]。能量摄入水平(低水平、中水平、高水平)[21]、吸烟(从未吸烟、既往吸烟、目前吸烟)与饮酒(不饮酒、适度饮酒、过度饮酒)[22]、高脂血症(是、否)与高血压(是、否)[19]、糖尿病(非糖尿病、糖尿病前期、糖尿病)[23]的分组标准均参考既往研究。
所有统计分析均采用R 4.5.2软件完成。研究纳入子样本B权重“WTSB2YR”并调整为1/3以适配NHANES复杂抽样设计。连续变量以中位数(第25、75百分位数)表示,分类变量以频数(构成比)描述;协变量缺失率均<15%,采用多重插补法(mice 包,PMM法)处理[24]。针对PFAS浓度,先行2.5%~97.5%缩尾处理[25],及自然对数转换,并采用Spearman秩相关诊断多重共线性,以| r |<0.7为判断标准。首先,通过加权线性回归(weighted linear regression,WLR)分析单一PFAS与METS-IR的关联,并结合限制性立方样条(restricted cubic splines,RCS,4节点)[26]拟合剂量-反应关系。其次,联用加权分位数和回归(weighted quantile sum regression,WQS,2 000次bootstrap,60%验证,40%训练)[27]与分位数g计算(QGcomp,1 500次bootstrap)评估联合效应及组分权重。随后,采用贝叶斯核机器回归(Bayesian kernele machinen regression,BKMR,10 000次迭代,丢弃前4 000次作为燃烧期)[28]探讨剂量-反应关系与核心暴露组分,并通过轨迹图、Geweke诊断(| Z |<1.96为标准)评估模型收敛性。最后,通过分层亚组分析,并采用乘积项交互作用检验,依次引入WQS指数与性别、年龄及BMI的交互项,以乘积项P值检验其效应修饰作用。针对单暴露及亚组分析采用错误发现率法校正生成q值(q<0.05为显著),双侧检验,检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入2 345位研究对象,其年龄分布的中位数为51岁,男性1 129人(48.1%),女性1 216人(51.9%)。暴露变量全氟辛酸、PFOS、PFHxS、全氟壬酸和 全氟葵酸的中位浓度分别为1.7、5.4、1.3、0.6和0.2 ng/ml。结局变量METS-IR的中位水平为42.2。见表1。
对缩尾及自然对数转换后的暴露变量采用Spearman秩相关分析法评估变量间的相关性。结果显示仅PFOS与PFNA的相关系数>0.7,提示存在中度共线性。见图1。
在未调整协变量的WLR模型1中,本研究关注的5种PFAS血清浓度均与METS-IR呈负相关(q均<0.05)。模型2与模型3对协变量进行调整后,这种负相关仍显著(q均<0.05)。见表2。
RCS分析显示,综合考虑线性、非线性效应与假阳性风险后,本研究关注的5种PFAS均与METS-IR呈负关联(q总均<0.05)。其中如图2C所示,PFHxS(P非线性=0.004,q非线性 =0.021)与METS-IR的关联呈非线性,具体呈现非单调下降的三阶段模式。见图2。
基于单暴露模型分析结果负约束拟合WQS结果(β^=-0.329,95%CI:-0.583~-0.08,P=0.001)与QGcomp模型结果(ψ=-0.460,95%CI:-0.751~-0.168,P=0.002)一致,其中全氟葵酸在两种模型中(WQS权重w=0.635;QGcomp权重q=0.507)均被识别为权重最高的组分,见图3A、B。BKMR误差项方差轨迹图,结合Geweke诊断(5种PFAS的检验统计量均在±1以内)提示模型基本收敛,见图3C。BKMR进一步揭示了PFAS混合暴露与METS-IR间剂量-反应关系,见图3D。基于后验包含概率,全氟葵酸(0.913)和PFHxS(0.512)被判定为对混合效应贡献最大的关键组分,见图3E。PFAS单暴露条件剂量-反应关系显示,在将其他PFAS浓度限制在中位数时,全氟壬酸与METS-IR呈正关联,全氟葵酸与METS-IR呈U型关联,见图3F。
结果显示,PFAS混合暴露与METS-IR的负相关在男性群体(P=0.004,q=0.010)、老年人群体(P<0.001,q=0.002)以及肥胖群体(P= 0.002,q=0.009)中显著,提示这些人群可能更容易受到PFAS的潜在干扰效应。交互作用项检验显示,年龄表现出潜在的交互效应趋势(P交互=0.032),提示其可能调节上述关联,但经过错误发现率法校正的q交互大于0.05,尚不能认为年龄存在修饰效应。见表3。
本研究基于NHANES数据库,系统评估了美国成年人单一及混合暴露于5种PFAS与METS-IR的关联。与部分研究探讨PFAS加剧糖代谢紊乱的预期不同,本研究观察到:全氟辛酸、PFOS、PFHxS、全氟壬酸和全氟葵酸在WLR、RCS分析中均与METS-IR水平呈负关联。并且,PFAS混合暴露也与METS-IR表现出负相关(β^=-0.329,95% CI:-0.583~-0.08,P=0.001),主要由全氟葵酸(权重w=0.625)和PFHxS(权重w=0.300)驱动。这种相关在男性人群、老年人群及肥胖人群中显著(q均<0.05)。
单一PFAS暴露与METS-IR的负相关性与部分既往研究结果一致。虽然部分研究强调 PFAS与高血糖相关[8-10],但针对NHANES及其他低浓度暴露人群的研究常观察到PFAS暴露与胰岛素抵抗指标(如HOMA-IR)呈负相关或不存在关联[28-29]。此外,本研究RCS显示METS-IR与PFHxS非线性关联,与全氟壬酸存在潜在非线性关联;BKMR控制其他PFAS于中位数时,全氟壬酸呈与METS-IR呈正关联、全氟葵酸呈U型关联,提示PFAS暴露可能存在剂量依赖的复杂效应及组分间交互作用。本研究的核心发现是PFAS混合暴露与METS-IR存在负相关,三个混合暴露模型均将全氟葵酸识别为最关键的驱动组分。一项基于NHANES数据库的研究发现,PFAS混合物暴露与胰岛素和HOMA-IR降低相关[29],PFHxS、全氟葵酸在其中发挥主要作用,与本研究一致;另一项研究尽管发现PFAS混合物与糖代谢标志物正相关,但其BKMR模型同样将全氟葵酸和PFHxS识别为核心贡献组分[30],这与本研究一致。亚组分析结果提示,男性、老年人及肥胖人群是PFAS暴露干扰代谢健康的重点群体。其潜在机制可能涉及以下三个方面:男性血清PFAS浓度更高[31];长半衰期的PFAS随年龄增长在体内蓄积,叠加老年机体代谢稳态维持能力的下降,增强了其对内分泌干扰的敏感性[32];PFAS可能通过调节肥胖者失衡的脂肪因子分泌,与既有代谢紊乱协同作用[33]。
上述负关联的潜在机制可能反映了PFAS对代谢通路的复杂干扰。一方面,作为过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPARs)的强激动剂,PFAS可能通过激活PPAR-γ,在短期内增强脂肪组织的葡萄糖摄取与胰岛素敏感性,这在横断面设计中可能表现为与METS-IR的负关联[34]。另一方面,PFAS亦可作为G蛋白偶联受体40(GPR40)的非生理性配体,干扰葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌的精细调控,产生一种不稳定的、代偿性的高胰岛素血症表象[35]。需要注意的是,本研究发现的负向关联可能是反映了低剂量暴露下的机体代偿性反应,对其解释时需格外审慎,其生物学意义可能更应被视为毒性进程的组成部分而非保护效应。
本研究依托NHANES数据库的全国代表性样本,通过多模型互证系统解析了PFAS单一及混合暴露与METS-IR的复杂关联,不仅深入挖掘了非线性剂量-反应模式、核心驱动组分,更通过严谨的统计质控确保了结果的稳健性,为理清PFAS诱发的早期代谢干扰效应提供了更具稳健性的流行病学证据。采用连续型METS-IR指标,能比分类变量结局更敏锐捕捉到早期代谢异常,为识别易感人群及精准防控提供更精细的科学依据。方法学上,本研究构建了“单因素线性关联→非线性剂量反应→混合效应分析→关键因子识别→交互作用挖掘”的阶梯式递进全链条分析框架,通过WLR、RCS、WQS、QGcomp、BKMR五类规范设置参数的互补模型,实现分析的交叉互证,既系统性规避了单一模型的固有偏倚,也弥补了既往研究分析框架的覆盖局限;同时辅以错误发现率法校正严控假阳性风险。这种稳健的分析策略显著提升了本研究的统计精度与结论可信度。但是,本研究仍存在一些局限性:首先,横断面设计限制了因果推断,且难以完全排除其他环境内分泌干扰物等未测量变量带来的残留混杂;其次,单次血清测量虽基于PFAS的长半衰期特性,但仍属“点暴露”评估,难以精准捕捉长期暴露动态;在统计诊断方面,虽然通过轨迹图结合Gewek诊断初步确认了BKMR模型的收敛性,但受限于计算资源未实施多链并行的Gelman-Rubin检验,可能影响参数估计的稳健性;最后,METS-IR虽是高效的流行病学替代指标,但与IR评估的金标准相比可能仍存在一定差距。
综上所述,本研究发现PFAS暴露与METS-IR水平降低相关,全氟葵酸为其中的关键组分。这些发现强调了PFAS在低剂量、真实混合暴露背景下对人类代谢健康影响的复杂性。未来研究应通过建立前瞻性队列并结合多组学技术,深入探讨PFAS驱动代谢参数改变的生物学意义及其对慢性代谢病的真实影响,为环境相关代谢性疾病的精准干预提供更为严谨的科学依据。
  • 四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2025ZNSFSC0641)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Chew NWS, Ng CH, Tan DJH, et al. The global burden of metabolic disease:Data from 2000 to 2019 [J]. Cell Metabolism, 2023, 35(3): 414-428.e3.
[2]
Li MW, Chi XW, Wang Y, et al. Trends in insulin resistance:insights into mechanisms and therapeutic strategy [J]. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2022, 7(1): 216.
[3]
钱燕萍,楼雪勇,潘轶斌,等. 中国中老年人胰岛素抵抗代谢评分与心血管代谢性共病发病风险的队列研究 [J]. 现代预防医学,2024, 51(16):2911-2917.
Qian YP, Lou XY, Pan YB, et al. Association between insulin resistance metabolic score and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and elderly Chinese in a cohort study [J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024, 51(16): 2911-2917. (In Chinese)
[4]
Gastaldelli A. Measuring and estimating insulin resistance in clinical and research settings [J]. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2022, 30(8): 1549-1563.
[5]
Bello-Chavolla OY, Almeda-Valdes P, Gomez-Velasco D, et al. METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes [J]. European Journal of Endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies, 2018, 178(5): 533-544.
[6]
Duan MX, Zhao X, Li SL, et al. Metabolic score for insulin resistance(METS-IR)predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population:evidence from NHANES 2001-2018 [J]. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 2024, 23(1): 243.
[7]
Evich MG, Davis MJB, McCord JP, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment [J]. Science, 2022, 375(6580): eabg9065.
[8]
Xu YQ, Zhang LY, Wang PP, et al. Effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy adults:The moderating role of caffeine consumption [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2025, 304: 119092.
[9]
Yang LX, Zhai JY, Chen ZJ, et al. Female-specific associations of serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances with sex hormonal/insulin dysregulation:An integrated population-based study [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2025, 298: 118273.
[10]
Gaillard L, Barouki R, Blanc E, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances as persistent pollutants with metabolic and endocrine-disrupting impacts [J]. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2025, 36(3): 249-261.
[11]
Margolis R, Sant KE. Associations between Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, or Insulin Resistance:A Scoping Review [J]. J Xenobiot, 2021, 11(3): 115-129.
[12]
Tian Q, Yang Y, An Q, et al. Association of exposure to multiple perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and glucose metabolism in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018 [J]. Front Public Health, 2024, 12: 1370971.
[13]
Wu ML, Zhu ZW, Wan RJ, et al. Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance and metabolic syndrome:A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES, 2003-2018 [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2024, 346: 123615.
[14]
Lin LX, Lin XQ, Chang SD, et al. Age-specific associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and metabolic syndrome:a cross-sectional study [J]. Lipids in Health and Disease, 2025, 24(1): 174.
[15]
Sunderland EM, Hu XC, Dassuncao C, et al. A review of the pathways of human exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)and present understanding of health effects [J]. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 2019, 29(2): 131-147.
[16]
Niu YY, Xiao L, Feng L. Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome risk:a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007-2018 [J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 15153.
[17]
Wang WJ, Lin YL, Su TC, et al. Association between serum per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and Iron status biomarkers in a representative sample of U.S. adults:NHANES 2013-2018 [J]. Life (Chicago, Ill.: 1978), 2025, 15(8): 1274.
[18]
Chang JJ, Zhou ZH, Hong WW, et al. The moderating role of vitamin E in the association between PFAS exposures and diabetes risk:Evidence from the NHANES 2017-2018 [J]. Metabolism Open, 2025, 28: 100395.
[19]
Jia P, Yu XW, Jin YX, et al. Relationship between per-fluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and insulin resistance in nondiabetic adults:Evidence from NHANES 2003-2018 [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2024, 287: 117260.
[20]
Inker LA, Eneanya ND, Coresh J, et al. New creatinine- and cystatin C-Based equations to estimate GFR without race [J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2021, 385(19): 1737-1749.
[21]
Bai JJ, Ma YDA, Zhao YD, et al. Mixed exposure to phenol, parabens, pesticides, and phthalates and insulin resistance in NHANES:A mixture approach [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 851(Pt 2): 158218.
[22]
Chen C, Ye Y, Zhang YB, et al. Weight change across adulthood in relation to all cause and cause specific mortality:prospective cohort study [J]. BMJ (Clinical Research ed.), 2019, 367: l5584.
[23]
Ding L, Zhang HD, Dai C, et al. The prognostic value of the stress hyperglycemia ratio for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes:insights from NHANES 2005-2018 [J]. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 2024, 23(1): 84.
[24]
Rausgaard NLK, Gehrt L, Ernst MT, et al. In utero and early childhood exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and use of antibiotics in children from the Odense Child Cohort:A Danish cohort study [J]. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2026, 272: 114734.
[25]
Yang L, Zhang XY, Chen J. Winsorization greatly reduces false positives by popular differential expression methods when analyzing human population samples [J]. Genome Biology, 2024, 25(1): 282.
[26]
Qiao WY, Li JS, Luo LJ, et al. Triglycerides mediate the relationships of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance(PFAS)exposure with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)risk in US participants [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 2025, 289: 117436.
[27]
Petersen KU, H?rvig KK, Flachs EM, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and male reproductive function in young adulthood; a cross-sectional study [J]. Environmental Research, 2022, 212(Part A): 113157.
[28]
Qiao JC, Li ZH, Ma YB, et al. Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and their mixture with risk of rheumatoid arthritis in the U.S. adult population [J]. Environmental Health, 2024, 23(1): 38.
[29]
Yan W, Bai R, Zheng Q, et al. Concentrations and association between exposure to mixed perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and glycometabolism among adolescents [J]. Annals of Medicine, 2023, 55(1): 2227844.
[30]
Zhang JR, Sun PJ, Ren HM, et al. Exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and abnormal glycometabolism in healthy elderly:multiomics evidence from the China BAPE study [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2026, 60(5): 4171-4183.
[31]
Sonnenberg NK, Ojewole AE, Ojewole CO, et al. Trends in serum Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance(PFAS)concentrations in teenagers and adults, 1999-2018 NHANES [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023, 20(21): 6984.
[32]
Tan K, Zhang QQ, Wang YJ, et al. Associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and thyroid hormone levels in the elderly [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2024, 920: 170761.
[33]
Ding N, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Herman WH, et al. Associations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and PFAS mixtures with adipokines in midlife women [J]. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2021, 235: 113777.
[34]
Almeida NMS, Bali SK, James D, et al. Binding of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)to the PPARγ/RXRα-DNA complex [J]. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 2023, 63(23): 7423-7443.
[35]
Qin WP, Cao LY, Li CH, et al. Perfluoroalkyl substances stimulate insulin secretion by islet β cells via G Protein-Coupled receptor 40 [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2020, 54(6): 3428-3436.
2026年第53卷第9期
PDF下载
11
6
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537
  • 接收时间:2025-12-28
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-05-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-28
基金
四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2025ZNSFSC0641)
作者信息
    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
    2.主动健康与食品营养安全四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610041

通讯作者:

熊静远,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512537
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏