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Article(id=1324050884207968957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512162, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1765641600000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793607930470, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1778342400000, pubDateStr=2026-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793607930470, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793607930470, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793607930470, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324050669933572771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1778342400000', pubDateStr='2026-05-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793607879384, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793670100562, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324311644528050975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324311644528050976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324050669933572771, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1557, endPage=1563, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324050887093650111, articleId=1324050884207968957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 years and above in Wenzhou City, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 years and above in Wenzhou City, and to provide a reference basis for the targeted implementation of “triple management” of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia.

Methods

From June 2023 to August 2024, a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used for sampling. A total of 38 593 subjects were surveyed through questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests. χ2 test and multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 23.0.

Results

The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 and above in Wenzhou was 30.61%, 12.98%, and 39.75%, respectively. The comorbidity rate of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was 5.31%. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age (compared with the 18-29 age group, 30-39 years: OR=5.069, 95% CI: 2.009-12.791; 40-49 years: OR=19.138, 95% CI: 7.750-47.258; 50-59 years: OR=71.447, 95% CI: 28.777-177.391; 60-69 years: OR=298.825, 95% CI: 119.102-749.750; 70-79 years: OR=570.190, 95% CI: 225.190-1 443.740; ≥80 years: OR=549.523, 95% CI: 202.033-1 494.686), regular alcohol consumption (compared with never drinking, OR=1.461, 95% CI: 1.148-1.860), excessive salt intake (OR=1.346, 95% CI: 1.150-1.575), overweight (OR=2.332, 95% CI: 1.980-2.747), obesity (OR=4.440, 95% CI: 3.453-5.710), central obesity (OR=2.909, 95% CI:2.468-3.429), family history of hypertension (OR=2.727, 95% CI: 2.333-3.187), and family history of diabetes (OR=2.900, 95%CI: 2.438-3.450) were risk factors for the coexistence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. High school or technical secondary education (compared with primary school and below, OR=0.715, 95% CI: 0.552-0.926), college education or above (OR=0.401, 95% CI: 0.287-0.562), and annual household income ≥200 000 CNY (compared with <50 000 CNY, OR=0.641, 95% CI: 0.439-0.937) were protective factors against the coexistence of these three conditions.

Conclusion

The comorbidity rate of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among adult residents in Wenzhou City is at a relatively high level. Interventions should be strengthened for high-risk groups, and a healthy lifestyle should be advocated to control weight and waist circumference, and reduce the risk of comorbidity of the three diseases.

, authors=Zhen-miao YE, Mo-han ZHANG, Yi-min XIE, Li-hui FAN, Xue-xia JIANG, Yu-hang ZHENG, Yong-yuan LUO, authorsList=Zhen-miao YE, Mo-han ZHANG, Yi-min XIE, Li-hui FAN, Xue-xia JIANG, Yu-hang ZHENG, Yong-yuan LUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhen-miao YE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324050893762593478, articleId=1324050884207968957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现状及影响因素分析, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现状及影响因素，为针对性地开展“三高共管”提供参考依据。

方法

于2023年6月—2024年8月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法进行抽样，对38 593例研究对象进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 23.0进行χ2检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。

结果

温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常患病率分别为 30.61%、12.98%、39.75%。高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患率为5.31%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，高龄（与18～29岁组相比，30～39岁：OR=5.069，95% CI：2.009～12.791；40～49岁：OR=19.138，95% CI：7.750～47.258；50～59岁：OR=71.447，95% CI：28.777～177.391；60～69岁：OR=298.825，95% CI：119.102～749.750；70～79岁：OR=570.190，95% CI：225.190～1 443.740；≥80岁：OR= 549.523，95%CI：202.033～1 494.686）、经常饮酒（与从不饮酒相比，OR=1.461，95% CI：1.148～1.860）、盐摄入过多（OR=1.346，95%CI：1.150～1.575）、超重（OR=2.332，95% CI：1.980～2.747）、肥胖（OR=4.440，95% CI：3.453～5.710）、中心性肥胖（OR=2.909，95% CI：2.468～3.429）、高血压家族史（OR=2.727，95% CI：2.333～3.187）、糖尿病家族史（OR= 2.900，95% CI：2.438～3.450）是高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患的危险因素。高中或中专（与小学及以下相比，OR= 0.715，95% CI：0.552～0.926）、大专及以上（OR=0.401，95% CI：0.287～0.562）、家庭年收入≥20万（与<5万相比，OR=0.641，95% CI：0.439～0.937）是三高共患的保护因素。

结论

温州市成年居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患率处于较高水平，应针对高风险人群加强干预措施，倡导健康生活方式，控制体重和腰围，降低三高共病风险。

, authors=叶振淼, 张默涵, 谢轶敏, 樊丽辉, 姜雪霞, 郑宇航, 罗永园, authorsList=叶振淼, 张默涵, 谢轶敏, 樊丽辉, 姜雪霞, 郑宇航, 罗永园, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=叶振淼, authorNote=

叶振淼（1984—），男，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：慢性病、艾滋病性病防控

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叶振淼，E-mail：
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Progress in research on the association between lifestyle and cardiometabolic multimorbidity [J]. Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention, 2021, 25(3): 266-270. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Progress in research on the association between lifestyle and cardiometabolic multimorbidity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050907209532185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=12, issue=9, pageStart=2848, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Maugeri A, Hlinomaz O, Agodi A, journalName=Nutrients, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Maugeri A, Hlinomaz O, Agodi A, et al. Is drinking alcohol really linked to cardiovascular health? evidence from the kardiovize 2030 project [J]. 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Nutrition & Metabolism, 2025, 22(1): 104., articleTitle=The metabolic signature of salt intake：a cross-sectional analysis from the SCAPIS-study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050907385692955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=15, issue=5, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Singh-Manoux A, Fayosse A, Sabia S, journalName=PLOS Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Singh-Manoux A, Fayosse A, Sabia S, et al. Clinical, socioeconomic, and behavioural factors at age 50 years and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity and mortality：A cohort study [J]. 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Lancet, 2017(10085): 2239-2251., articleTitle=Type 2 diabetes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050907540882205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=27, issue=7, pageStart=533, pageEnd=537, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=31, authorNames=丛守婧, 林海, 郭艳, journalName=中国慢性病预防与控制, refType=null, unstructuredReference=丛守婧，林海，郭艳，等. 中山市成人体质指数和腰围与高血压和糖尿病以及血脂异常的关系 [J]. 中国慢性病预防与控制，2019, 27(7):533-537., articleTitle=中山市成人体质指数和腰围与高血压和糖尿病以及血脂异常的关系, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050907612185374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=27, issue=7, pageStart=533, pageEnd=537, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Cong SJ, Lin H, Guo Y, journalName=Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cong SJ, Lin H, Guo Y, et al. Association of body mass index and waist circumference with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among adults in Zhongshan City [J]. Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, 2019, 27(7): 533-537. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Association of body mass index and waist circumference with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among adults in Zhongshan City, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050907712848671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=33, authorNames=孟强, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孟强.血脂异常个体化健康管理关键因素的探索 [D]. 杭州：杭州师范大学，2012., articleTitle=血脂异常个体化健康管理关键因素的探索, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050907788346144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Meng Q, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Meng Q. The key elements of dyslipidemia personalized health management [D]. Hangzhou: Hangzhou Normal University, 2012. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The key elements of dyslipidemia personalized health management, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324050907872232225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=29, issue=16, pageStart=2101, pageEnd=2110, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Wang MY, Brage S, Sharp SJ, journalName=European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang MY, Brage S, Sharp SJ, et al. Associations of genetic susceptibility and healthy lifestyle with incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke in individuals with hypertension [J]. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2022, 29(16): 2101-2110., articleTitle=Associations of genetic susceptibility and healthy lifestyle with incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke in individuals with hypertension, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324050903216554748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, awardId=WKJ-ZJ-26036, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江省卫生健康行业科技计划项目(WKJ-ZJ-26036), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324050903384326909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, awardId=Y2023032, language=CN, fundingSource=温州市科技计划项目(Y2023032), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324050894559511240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050894567899849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, companyId=1324050894559511240, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Wenzhou Health Supervision Institution), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324050894576288458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, companyId=1324050894559511240, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心（温州市卫生监督所）慢性非传染性疾病防制所，浙江 温州 325000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324050902188950262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of the study subjects ［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征调查人数（n=38 593）男性（n=19 481）女性（n=19 112）χ2值P值
地区1.3600.244
城市12 728(32.98)6 371(32.70)6 357(33.26)
农村25 865(67.02)13 110(67.30)12 755(66.74)
年龄（岁）
18～297 336(19.01)3 967(20.36)3 369(17.63)87.887<0.001
30～396 823(17.68)3 561(18.28)3 262(17.07)
40～497 300(18.92)3 642(18.70)3 658(19.14)
50～598 083(20.94)4 008(20.57)4 075(21.32)
60～694 725(12.24)2 219(11.39)2 506(13.11)
70～793 514(9.11)1 662(8.53)1 852(9.69)
≥80812(2.10)422(2.17)390(2.04)
文化程度847.449<0.001
小学及以下13 614(35.28)5 644(28.97)7 970(41.70)
初中8 137(21.08)4 663(23.94)3 474(18.18)
高中或中专5 574(14.44)3 404(17.47)2 170(11.35)
大专及以上11 268(29.20)5 770(29.62)5 498(28.77)
婚姻状况854.868<0.001
未婚6 721(17.42)4 174(21.43)2 547(13.33)
已婚/同居29 834(77.30)14 773(75.83)15 061(78.80)
离异/丧偶/分居2 038(5.28)534(2.74)1 504(7.87)
年收入（万）229.969<0.001
<513 929(36.09)6 316(32.42)7 613(39.83)
5～<1012 602(32.65)6 711(34.45)5 891(30.82)
10～<209 076(23.52)4 859(24.94)4 217(22.06)
≥202 986(7.74)1 595(8.19)1 391(7.28)
吸烟9 828.607<0.001
经常吸烟5 006(12.97)4 929(25.30)77(0.40)
偶尔吸烟1 899(4.92)1 802(9.25)97(0.51)
已戒烟1 667(4.32)1 642(8.43)25(0.13)
从不吸烟30 021(77.79)11 108(57.02)18 913(98.96)
饮酒
经常饮酒2 882(7.47)2 610(13.40)272(1.42)5 594.860<0.001
偶尔饮酒9 418(24.40)6 694(34.36)2 724(14.25)
已戒酒829(2.15)692(3.55)137(0.72)
从不饮酒25 464(65.98)9 485(48.69)15 979(83.61)
经常锻炼
是4 581(11.87)2 798(14.36)1 783(9.33)233.654<0.001
否34 012(88.13)16 683(85.64)17 329(90.67)
睡眠不足64.606<0.001
是11 143(28.87)5 267(27.04)5 876(30.75)
否27 450(71.13)14 214(72.96)13 236(69.25)
盐摄入过多*3.3850.066
是23 508(62.07)11 893(62.52)11 615(61.60)
否14 368(37.93)7 129(37.48)7 239(38.40)
油摄入过多*9.1680.002
是15 166(40.04)7 761(40.80)7 405(39.28)
否22 710(59.96)11 261(59.20)11 449(60.72)
蔬菜摄入不足7.6610.006
是27 858(72.18)14 184(72.81)13 674(71.55)
否10 735(27.82)5 297(27.19)5 438(28.45)
BMI（kg/m2）751.978<0.001
<18.51 787(4.63)585(3.00)1 202(6.29)
18.5～<24.020 209(52.36)9 292(47.70)10 917(57.12)
24.0～<28.012 634(32.74)7 338(37.67)5 296(27.71)
≥28.03 963(10.27)2 266(11.63)1 697(8.88)
中心性肥胖
是10 755(27.87)5 785(29.70)4 970(26.00)65.383<0.001
否27 838(72.13)13 696(70.30)14 142(74.00)
高血压家族史*2.6930.101
是11 916(35.04)6 057(35.46)5 859(34.61)
否22 093(64.96)11 024(64.54)11 069(65.39)
糖尿病家族史*0.0010.977
是5 137(15.10)2 581(15.11)2 556(15.10)
否28 872(84.90)14 500(84.89)14 372(84.90)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050902289613559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象基本特征［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征调查人数（n=38 593）男性（n=19 481）女性（n=19 112）χ2值P值
地区1.3600.244
城市12 728(32.98)6 371(32.70)6 357(33.26)
农村25 865(67.02)13 110(67.30)12 755(66.74)
年龄（岁）
18～297 336(19.01)3 967(20.36)3 369(17.63)87.887<0.001
30～396 823(17.68)3 561(18.28)3 262(17.07)
40～497 300(18.92)3 642(18.70)3 658(19.14)
50～598 083(20.94)4 008(20.57)4 075(21.32)
60～694 725(12.24)2 219(11.39)2 506(13.11)
70～793 514(9.11)1 662(8.53)1 852(9.69)
≥80812(2.10)422(2.17)390(2.04)
文化程度847.449<0.001
小学及以下13 614(35.28)5 644(28.97)7 970(41.70)
初中8 137(21.08)4 663(23.94)3 474(18.18)
高中或中专5 574(14.44)3 404(17.47)2 170(11.35)
大专及以上11 268(29.20)5 770(29.62)5 498(28.77)
婚姻状况854.868<0.001
未婚6 721(17.42)4 174(21.43)2 547(13.33)
已婚/同居29 834(77.30)14 773(75.83)15 061(78.80)
离异/丧偶/分居2 038(5.28)534(2.74)1 504(7.87)
年收入（万）229.969<0.001
<513 929(36.09)6 316(32.42)7 613(39.83)
5～<1012 602(32.65)6 711(34.45)5 891(30.82)
10～<209 076(23.52)4 859(24.94)4 217(22.06)
≥202 986(7.74)1 595(8.19)1 391(7.28)
吸烟9 828.607<0.001
经常吸烟5 006(12.97)4 929(25.30)77(0.40)
偶尔吸烟1 899(4.92)1 802(9.25)97(0.51)
已戒烟1 667(4.32)1 642(8.43)25(0.13)
从不吸烟30 021(77.79)11 108(57.02)18 913(98.96)
饮酒
经常饮酒2 882(7.47)2 610(13.40)272(1.42)5 594.860<0.001
偶尔饮酒9 418(24.40)6 694(34.36)2 724(14.25)
已戒酒829(2.15)692(3.55)137(0.72)
从不饮酒25 464(65.98)9 485(48.69)15 979(83.61)
经常锻炼
是4 581(11.87)2 798(14.36)1 783(9.33)233.654<0.001
否34 012(88.13)16 683(85.64)17 329(90.67)
睡眠不足64.606<0.001
是11 143(28.87)5 267(27.04)5 876(30.75)
否27 450(71.13)14 214(72.96)13 236(69.25)
盐摄入过多*3.3850.066
是23 508(62.07)11 893(62.52)11 615(61.60)
否14 368(37.93)7 129(37.48)7 239(38.40)
油摄入过多*9.1680.002
是15 166(40.04)7 761(40.80)7 405(39.28)
否22 710(59.96)11 261(59.20)11 449(60.72)
蔬菜摄入不足7.6610.006
是27 858(72.18)14 184(72.81)13 674(71.55)
否10 735(27.82)5 297(27.19)5 438(28.45)
BMI（kg/m2）751.978<0.001
<18.51 787(4.63)585(3.00)1 202(6.29)
18.5～<24.020 209(52.36)9 292(47.70)10 917(57.12)
24.0～<28.012 634(32.74)7 338(37.67)5 296(27.71)
≥28.03 963(10.27)2 266(11.63)1 697(8.88)
中心性肥胖
是10 755(27.87)5 785(29.70)4 970(26.00)65.383<0.001
否27 838(72.13)13 696(70.30)14 142(74.00)
高血压家族史*2.6930.101
是11 916(35.04)6 057(35.46)5 859(34.61)
否22 093(64.96)11 024(64.54)11 069(65.39)
糖尿病家族史*0.0010.977
是5 137(15.10)2 581(15.11)2 556(15.10)
否28 872(84.90)14 500(84.89)14 372(84.90)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050902528688888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The comorbidity prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 years and above in Wenzhou City

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征调查人数（n=38 593）三高共患χ2值/趋势χ2值P值
例数患病率（%）
性别0.1250.723
男性19 4811 0275.27
女性19 1121 0235.35
地区0.0560.813
城市12 7286815.35
农村25 8651 3695.29
年龄（岁）2 080.486a<0.001
18～297 33670.10
30～396 823410.60
40～497 3001832.51
50～598 0835426.71
60～694 72558012.28
70～793 51459416.90
≥8081210312.68
文化程度1 222.875a<0.001
小学及以下13 6141 40910.35
初中8 1374305.28
高中或中专5 5741452.60
大专及以上11 268660.59
婚姻状况625.417<0.001
未婚6 721320.48
已婚/同居29 8341 7355.82
离异/丧偶/分居2 03828313.89
年收入（万）382.340a<0.001
<513 9291 1668.37
5～<1012 6025404.29
10～<209 0762823.11
≥202 986622.08
吸烟160.399<0.001
经常吸烟5 0062725.43
偶尔吸烟1 899864.53
已戒烟1 66720112.06
从不吸烟30 0211 4914.97
饮酒125.027<0.001
经常饮酒2 8822548.81
偶尔饮酒9 4184204.46
已戒酒8298410.13
从不饮酒25 4641 2925.07
经常锻炼64.378<0.001
是4 5811292.82
否34 0121 9215.65
睡眠不足203.902<0.001
是11 1438777.87
否27 4501 1734.27
盐摄入过多*66.763<0.001
是23 5081 4396.12
否14 3685994.17
油摄入过多*14.866<0.001
是15 1668995.93
否22 7101 1395.02
蔬菜摄入不足14.732<0.001
是27 8581 4045.04
否10 7356466.02
BMI（kg/m2）661.674a<0.001
<18.51 787100.56
18.5～<24.020 2096143.04
24.0～<28.012 6341 0067.96
≥28.03 96342010.60
中心性肥胖927.887<0.001
是10 7551 17310.91
否27 8388773.15
高血压家族史215.986<0.001
是11 9168837.41
否22 0938553.87
糖尿病家族史471.101<0.001
是5 13757611.21
否28 8721 1624.02
), ArticleFig(id=1324050902625157881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征调查人数（n=38 593）三高共患χ2值/趋势χ2值P值
例数患病率（%）
性别0.1250.723
男性19 4811 0275.27
女性19 1121 0235.35
地区0.0560.813
城市12 7286815.35
农村25 8651 3695.29
年龄（岁）2 080.486a<0.001
18～297 33670.10
30～396 823410.60
40～497 3001832.51
50～598 0835426.71
60～694 72558012.28
70～793 51459416.90
≥8081210312.68
文化程度1 222.875a<0.001
小学及以下13 6141 40910.35
初中8 1374305.28
高中或中专5 5741452.60
大专及以上11 268660.59
婚姻状况625.417<0.001
未婚6 721320.48
已婚/同居29 8341 7355.82
离异/丧偶/分居2 03828313.89
年收入（万）382.340a<0.001
<513 9291 1668.37
5～<1012 6025404.29
10～<209 0762823.11
≥202 986622.08
吸烟160.399<0.001
经常吸烟5 0062725.43
偶尔吸烟1 899864.53
已戒烟1 66720112.06
从不吸烟30 0211 4914.97
饮酒125.027<0.001
经常饮酒2 8822548.81
偶尔饮酒9 4184204.46
已戒酒8298410.13
从不饮酒25 4641 2925.07
经常锻炼64.378<0.001
是4 5811292.82
否34 0121 9215.65
睡眠不足203.902<0.001
是11 1438777.87
否27 4501 1734.27
盐摄入过多*66.763<0.001
是23 5081 4396.12
否14 3685994.17
油摄入过多*14.866<0.001
是15 1668995.93
否22 7101 1395.02
蔬菜摄入不足14.732<0.001
是27 8581 4045.04
否10 7356466.02
BMI（kg/m2）661.674a<0.001
<18.51 787100.56
18.5～<24.020 2096143.04
24.0～<28.012 6341 0067.96
≥28.03 96342010.60
中心性肥胖927.887<0.001
是10 7551 17310.91
否27 8388773.15
高血压家族史215.986<0.001
是11 9168837.41
否22 0938553.87
糖尿病家族史471.101<0.001
是5 13757611.21
否28 8721 1624.02
), ArticleFig(id=1324050903023616762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Multivariable logistic regression analysis of influencing factors for the comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量（参照组）β Waldχ2P值OR值（95%CI）
性别（ref：女性）
男性0.1230.0901.8660.1721.131(0.948～1.350)
地区（ref：城市）
农村0.0280.0800.1280.7211.029(0.880～1.203)
年龄（岁，ref：18～29）
30～391.6230.47211.812<0.0015.069(2.009～12.791)
40～492.9520.46140.958<0.00119.138(7.750～47.258)
50～594.2690.46484.651<0.00171.447(28.777～177.391)
60～695.7000.469147.489<0.001298.825(119.102～749.750)
70～796.3460.474179.242<0.001570.190(225.190～1 443.740)
≥806.3090.511152.716<0.001549.523(202.033～1 494.686)
文化程度（ref：小学及以下）
初中-0.0410.0920.1980.6560.960(0.801～1.150)
高中或中专-0.3360.1326.4530.0110.715(0.552～0.926)
大专及以上-0.9130.17228.286<0.0010.401(0.287～0.562)
婚姻状况（ref：未婚）
已婚/同居-0.1110.2640.1760.6740.895(0.533～1.502)
离异/丧偶/分居0.2750.2940.8760.3491.316(0.740～2.340)
年收入（万，ref：<5）
5～<10-0.2060.0855.8470.0160.814(0.689～0.962)
10～<20-0.0840.1060.6170.4320.920(0.747～1.133)
≥20-0.4440.1935.2730.0220.641(0.439～0.937)
吸烟（ref：从不吸烟）
经常吸烟0.1760.1182.2360.1351.193(0.947～1.503)
偶尔吸烟0.2470.1742.0110.1561.280(0.910～1.801)
已戒烟0.5760.15114.521<0.0011.779(1.323～2.393)
饮酒（ref：从不饮酒）
经常饮酒0.3790.1239.4740.0021.461(1.148～1.860)
偶尔饮酒0.0520.0910.3280.5671.054(0.881～1.260)
已戒酒0.0410.2130.0360.8491.041(0.686～1.581)
经常锻炼（ref：否）
是-0.0500.1300.1480.7010.951(0.737～1.228)
睡眠不足（ref：否）
是0.0290.0730.1540.6951.029(0.892～1.187)
盐摄入过多（ref：否）
是0.2970.08013.692<0.0011.346(1.150～1.575)
油摄入过多（ref：否）
是-0.0930.0731.6180.2030.911(0.789～1.052)
蔬菜摄入不足（ref：否）
是0.0020.0750.0010.9771.002(0.865～1.161)
BMI（kg/m2，ref：18.5～<24.0）
<18.5-1.4900.37815.574<0.0010.225(0.107～0.472)
24.0～<28.00.8470.084102.798<0.0012.332(1.980～2.747)
≥28.01.4910.128134.988<0.0014.440(3.453～5.710)
中心性肥胖（ref：否）
是1.0680.084162.177<0.0012.909(2.468～3.429)
高血压家族史（ref：否）
是1.0030.080158.919<0.0012.727(2.333～3.187)
糖尿病家族史（ref：否）
是1.0650.089144.590<0.0012.900(2.438～3.450)
), ArticleFig(id=1324050903103308539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324050884207968957, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常三高共患影响因素的多因素logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量（参照组）β Waldχ2P值OR值（95%CI）
性别（ref：女性）
男性0.1230.0901.8660.1721.131(0.948～1.350)
地区（ref：城市）
农村0.0280.0800.1280.7211.029(0.880～1.203)
年龄（岁，ref：18～29）
30～391.6230.47211.812<0.0015.069(2.009～12.791)
40～492.9520.46140.958<0.00119.138(7.750～47.258)
50～594.2690.46484.651<0.00171.447(28.777～177.391)
60～695.7000.469147.489<0.001298.825(119.102～749.750)
70～796.3460.474179.242<0.001570.190(225.190～1 443.740)
≥806.3090.511152.716<0.001549.523(202.033～1 494.686)
文化程度（ref：小学及以下）
初中-0.0410.0920.1980.6560.960(0.801～1.150)
高中或中专-0.3360.1326.4530.0110.715(0.552～0.926)
大专及以上-0.9130.17228.286<0.0010.401(0.287～0.562)
婚姻状况（ref：未婚）
已婚/同居-0.1110.2640.1760.6740.895(0.533～1.502)
离异/丧偶/分居0.2750.2940.8760.3491.316(0.740～2.340)
年收入（万，ref：<5）
5～<10-0.2060.0855.8470.0160.814(0.689～0.962)
10～<20-0.0840.1060.6170.4320.920(0.747～1.133)
≥20-0.4440.1935.2730.0220.641(0.439～0.937)
吸烟（ref：从不吸烟）
经常吸烟0.1760.1182.2360.1351.193(0.947～1.503)
偶尔吸烟0.2470.1742.0110.1561.280(0.910～1.801)
已戒烟0.5760.15114.521<0.0011.779(1.323～2.393)
饮酒（ref：从不饮酒）
经常饮酒0.3790.1239.4740.0021.461(1.148～1.860)
偶尔饮酒0.0520.0910.3280.5671.054(0.881～1.260)
已戒酒0.0410.2130.0360.8491.041(0.686～1.581)
经常锻炼（ref：否）
是-0.0500.1300.1480.7010.951(0.737～1.228)
睡眠不足（ref：否）
是0.0290.0730.1540.6951.029(0.892～1.187)
盐摄入过多（ref：否）
是0.2970.08013.692<0.0011.346(1.150～1.575)
油摄入过多（ref：否）
是-0.0930.0731.6180.2030.911(0.789～1.052)
蔬菜摄入不足（ref：否）
是0.0020.0750.0010.9771.002(0.865～1.161)
BMI（kg/m2，ref：18.5～<24.0）
<18.5-1.4900.37815.574<0.0010.225(0.107～0.472)
24.0～<28.00.8470.084102.798<0.0012.332(1.980～2.747)
≥28.01.4910.128134.988<0.0014.440(3.453～5.710)
中心性肥胖（ref：否）
是1.0680.084162.177<0.0012.909(2.468～3.429)
高血压家族史（ref：否）
是1.0030.080158.919<0.0012.727(2.333～3.187)
糖尿病家族史（ref：否）
是1.0650.089144.590<0.0012.900(2.438～3.450)
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温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现状及影响因素分析
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叶振淼 , 张默涵 , 谢轶敏 , 樊丽辉 , 姜雪霞 , 郑宇航 , 罗永园
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2026,53(9): 1557-1563
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现代预防医学 |流行病与统计方法 2026 , 53 (9) : 1557 -1563
温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现状及影响因素分析
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叶振淼 , 张默涵, 谢轶敏, 樊丽辉, 姜雪霞, 郑宇航, 罗永园
作者信息
  • 温州市疾病预防控制中心（温州市卫生监督所）慢性非传染性疾病防制所，浙江 温州 325000
通讯作者:
叶振淼，E-mail：
作者简介:

叶振淼（1984—），男，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：慢性病、艾滋病性病防控

Prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 years and above in Wenzhou City
Zhen-miao YE , Mo-han ZHANG, Yi-min XIE, Li-hui FAN, Xue-xia JIANG, Yu-hang ZHENG, Yong-yuan LUO
Affiliations
  • Department of Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Wenzhou Health Supervision Institution), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
出版时间: 2026-05-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512162
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摘要
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目的

了解温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现状及影响因素，为针对性地开展“三高共管”提供参考依据。

方法

于2023年6月—2024年8月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法进行抽样，对38 593例研究对象进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 23.0进行χ2检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。

结果

温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常患病率分别为 30.61%、12.98%、39.75%。高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患率为5.31%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，高龄（与18～29岁组相比，30～39岁：OR=5.069，95% CI：2.009～12.791；40～49岁：OR=19.138，95% CI：7.750～47.258；50～59岁：OR=71.447，95% CI：28.777～177.391；60～69岁：OR=298.825，95% CI：119.102～749.750；70～79岁：OR=570.190，95% CI：225.190～1 443.740；≥80岁：OR= 549.523，95%CI：202.033～1 494.686）、经常饮酒（与从不饮酒相比，OR=1.461，95% CI：1.148～1.860）、盐摄入过多（OR=1.346，95%CI：1.150～1.575）、超重（OR=2.332，95% CI：1.980～2.747）、肥胖（OR=4.440，95% CI：3.453～5.710）、中心性肥胖（OR=2.909，95% CI：2.468～3.429）、高血压家族史（OR=2.727，95% CI：2.333～3.187）、糖尿病家族史（OR= 2.900，95% CI：2.438～3.450）是高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患的危险因素。高中或中专（与小学及以下相比，OR= 0.715，95% CI：0.552～0.926）、大专及以上（OR=0.401，95% CI：0.287～0.562）、家庭年收入≥20万（与<5万相比，OR=0.641，95% CI：0.439～0.937）是三高共患的保护因素。

结论

温州市成年居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患率处于较高水平，应针对高风险人群加强干预措施，倡导健康生活方式，控制体重和腰围，降低三高共病风险。

高血压  /  糖尿病  /  血脂异常  /  共病
Objective

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 years and above in Wenzhou City, and to provide a reference basis for the targeted implementation of “triple management” of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia.

Methods

From June 2023 to August 2024, a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used for sampling. A total of 38 593 subjects were surveyed through questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests. χ2 test and multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 23.0.

Results

The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 and above in Wenzhou was 30.61%, 12.98%, and 39.75%, respectively. The comorbidity rate of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was 5.31%. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age (compared with the 18-29 age group, 30-39 years: OR=5.069, 95% CI: 2.009-12.791; 40-49 years: OR=19.138, 95% CI: 7.750-47.258; 50-59 years: OR=71.447, 95% CI: 28.777-177.391; 60-69 years: OR=298.825, 95% CI: 119.102-749.750; 70-79 years: OR=570.190, 95% CI: 225.190-1 443.740; ≥80 years: OR=549.523, 95% CI: 202.033-1 494.686), regular alcohol consumption (compared with never drinking, OR=1.461, 95% CI: 1.148-1.860), excessive salt intake (OR=1.346, 95% CI: 1.150-1.575), overweight (OR=2.332, 95% CI: 1.980-2.747), obesity (OR=4.440, 95% CI: 3.453-5.710), central obesity (OR=2.909, 95% CI:2.468-3.429), family history of hypertension (OR=2.727, 95% CI: 2.333-3.187), and family history of diabetes (OR=2.900, 95%CI: 2.438-3.450) were risk factors for the coexistence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. High school or technical secondary education (compared with primary school and below, OR=0.715, 95% CI: 0.552-0.926), college education or above (OR=0.401, 95% CI: 0.287-0.562), and annual household income ≥200 000 CNY (compared with <50 000 CNY, OR=0.641, 95% CI: 0.439-0.937) were protective factors against the coexistence of these three conditions.

Conclusion

The comorbidity rate of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among adult residents in Wenzhou City is at a relatively high level. Interventions should be strengthened for high-risk groups, and a healthy lifestyle should be advocated to control weight and waist circumference, and reduce the risk of comorbidity of the three diseases.

Hypertension  /  Diabetes  /  Dyslipidemia  /  Comorbidity
叶振淼, 张默涵, 谢轶敏, 樊丽辉, 姜雪霞, 郑宇航, 罗永园. 温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现状及影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (9) : 1557 -1563 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512162
Zhen-miao YE, Mo-han ZHANG, Yi-min XIE, Li-hui FAN, Xue-xia JIANG, Yu-hang ZHENG, Yong-yuan LUO. Prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among residents aged 18 years and above in Wenzhou City[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (9) : 1557 -1563 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512162
正文
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随着社会经济发展、人口老龄化以及居民生活方式改变，慢性病多病共患（简称共病）现象愈发普遍，已成为全球性的健康问题。世界卫生组织将慢性病共病定义为同一个体同时存在两种或两种以上慢性病[1]，高血压、糖尿病、高血脂为常见的慢性病，也是常见的共病组合性疾病，近年来，我国高血压、糖尿病、高血脂患病率迅速上升[2]，《健康中国行动（2019- 2030）》明确提出要推进高血压、糖尿病、高血脂“三高”同防同治同管。高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常可能存在共同的致病机制或关联因素,“三高”之间也存在相互关联,有明显的聚集倾向，患一种疾病会同时增加其他疾病的患病风险[3]。本研究基于2023—2024年温州市慢性病与营养监测调查数据，分析温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常共患情况及影响因素，为制定“三高共管”防控策略提供参考依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
于2023年6月—2024年8月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法进行抽样，第1阶段，温州市12个县（市、区）均作为监测点；第2阶段，每个监测点随机抽取5个乡镇（街道）；第3阶段，在每个抽中乡镇（街道）内随机抽取2个村（居委会）；第4阶段，每个抽中村（居委会）以不少于200人为规模划分为若干个村民（居民）小组，采用简单随机抽样方法抽取2个村民（居民）小组。其中所有18周岁及以上常住居民（调查前12个月内在当地居住6个月及以上且目前仍居住的中国籍居民）为调查对象，排除居住在功能区中的居民（如工棚、军队、学生宿舍、养老院等）。每个监测点样本量计算公式：。其中，μ是置信区间，取95%（双侧），μ=1.96；p为疾病的率，参考温州市居民糖尿病患病率12.28%；deff为设计效率，deff=1+(n-1)×ICC，取值范围为1～2，取1；d为允许误差，取10%；无应答率采用10%。12个监测点共需样本量36 600例。本研究通过温州市疾病预防控制中心伦理委员会审查和批准（LLSC-2025-010），调查对象均签署知情同意书。
1.2　方法
调查包括问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测；采用统一设计的调查问卷进行面对面方式进行调查，问卷内容包括一般情况、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、饮食、睡眠、慢性病家族史等。体格检查包括身高、体重、腰围、血压，采用统一标准的方法测量。实验室检测包括空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）。要求调查对象空腹至少10 h，采集空腹静脉血。
1.3　指标定义
（1）高血压：收缩压≥140 mm Hg或（和）舒张压≥90 mm Hg或被正规医疗机构医生诊断过高血压[4]。（2）糖尿病：空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L或被正规医疗机构医生诊断过糖尿病[5]。（3）血脂异常：总胆固醇≥6.2 mmol/L或甘油三酯≥2.3 mmol/L或LDL-C≥4.1 mmol/L或HDL-C<1.0 mmol/L或被正规医疗机构医生诊断过血脂异常[6]。（4）身体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)：BMI<18.5 kg/m2为体重过低；18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m2为正常体重；24.0 kg/m2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m2为超重；BMI≥28.0 kg/m2为肥胖[7]。（5）中心性肥胖：男性腰围≥90 cm，女性腰围≥85 cm[7]。（6）吸烟：经常吸烟指连续或累积达到6个月且每天≥1支；偶尔吸烟指达不到每天至少1支；已戒烟指过去连续或累积达到6个月且每天≥1支，但现在已不再吸烟；从不吸烟指从未吸烟者。（7）饮酒：经常饮酒指平均每周饮酒≥1次；偶尔饮酒指达不到平均每周饮酒至少1次；已戒酒指既往平均每周≥1次，但现在已不再饮酒者；从不饮酒指从未饮酒者。（8）经常锻炼：每周锻炼≥3 d，每天中等强度锻炼时间≥30 min。（9）睡眠不足：一天内睡觉累积时间<7 h。（10）盐摄入过多：日摄盐量≥5 g；（11）油摄入过多：日摄油量>30 g。
1.4　统计分析
采用SPSS 23.0软件进行数据整理和分析，计量资料采用（均数±标准差）表示；计数资料采用构成比或率表示，组间比较采用χ2检验，定性资料趋势采用趋势χ2检验。采用多因素非条件logistic回归分析影响因素。检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　基本情况
共纳入研究对象38 593例，其中男性19 481例（50.48%），女性19 112例（49.52%）；年龄18～97岁，平均年龄为（46.87±16.82）岁，50～59岁占20.94%；城市12 728例(32.98%)，农村25 865例(67.02%)；已婚/同居29 834例(77.30%)；年收入<5万13 929例(36.09%)。经常吸烟、 经常饮酒、经常锻炼、睡眠不足分别占12.97%、7.47%、11.87%、28.87%；盐摄入过多、油摄入过多、蔬菜摄入不足分别占62.07%、40.04%、72.18%；BMI超重占32.74%、肥胖占10.27%；中心性肥胖占27.87%；高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史分别占35.04%、15.10%。见表1。
2.2　高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病情况
患高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常分别为11 813、5 008和15 341例，患病率分别为 30.61%、12.98%、39.75%。高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患2 050例，三高共患率为5.31%。男性、女性三高共患率分别为5.27%、5.35%，不同性别间三高共患差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.125，P=0.723）。不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭年收入、吸烟、饮酒、经常锻炼、睡眠、盐摄入、油摄入、蔬菜摄入、BMI、中心性肥胖、高血压家族史及糖尿病家族史人群，其三高共患率差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。见表2。
2.3　三高共病相关影响因素分析
以高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共患为因变量(0=否,1=是)，纳入性别、地区、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭年收入、吸烟、饮酒、经常锻炼、睡眠、盐摄入、油摄入、蔬菜摄入、BMI、中心性肥胖、高血压家族史及糖尿病家族史人群等进行多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果显示，与高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常均不患的人群相比，高龄、低文化程度、低收入、经常饮酒、盐摄入过多、超重/肥胖、中心性肥胖、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史者三高共患的风险较高（均P<0.05）。见表3。
3　讨论
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本研究基于2023—2024年温州市慢性病与营养监测调查数据，分析温州市18岁及以上居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常三高共病现况及影响因素，结果显示，温州市18岁及以上社区居民三高共患率为5.31%，低于2019—2023年天津市35～75岁居民的6.59%[8]，高于2018年重庆市30～79岁居民的5.05%[9]和2017—2018年南京市≥18岁成人的4.11%[10]。提示温州市三高共病问题较为突出，需引起高度重视。与患单一疾病相比，三高共病患者发生心血管事件风险显著升高[11]，实施“三高共管”对降低心脑血管疾病负担具有重要意义。
本研究发现，年龄是三高共病最重要的影响因素，随着年龄的增加，三高共患率呈显著上升趋势。这与年龄增长导致血管内皮功能出现紊乱、炎症反应加剧、胰岛素抵抗、血压、血糖和血脂调节能力下降等生理机制密切相关[12-13]。考虑年龄是不可改变因素，因此，对中老年人群应定期监测血压、血糖和血脂，早期识别和干预。低文化程度人群患三高共病风险相对较高，这与该人群健康素养水平偏低，对自我健康关注度不高有关，提示应针对低文化程度者加强健康教育，提升其慢病管理能力。与高收入水平者相比，低收入水平者三高共病的风险更大，可能与医疗资源可及性、生活环境与心理压力差异有关[14]。
多因素分析结果显示，经常饮酒和盐摄入过多显著增加三高共患的风险，与既往研究结果一致[8,15]。饮酒是糖尿病、心脑血管疾病的独立危险因素，一项饮酒与心血管评分的研究发现，重度饮酒者舒张压、空腹血糖、甘油三酯和LDL-C水平高于不饮酒者[16]。高盐饮食长期被视为高血压和心血管疾病的明确风险因素，高盐摄入与动脉粥样硬化相关的脂质种类密切相关[17]，表明减少盐摄入量是预防三高共病的重要干预措施。Archana等[18]研究显示相较于首发心血管代谢性疾病，生活方式与心血管代谢性共病的关联强度更高，提示践行健康生活方式有利于控制三高共病的发生。
本研究结果显示，超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖者三高共病风险均较高，其患三高共病风险分别为正常者的2.332倍、4.440倍和2.909倍，国内外众多研究均证实了BMI和中心性肥胖与心血管代谢性共病有很强的联系[19-20]。提示体重管理应同时关注BMI和腰围控制,综合施策以降低三高共病风险。有高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史者三高共病的风险更高，这可能与遗传易感性及家庭成员间相似的生活方式有关。研究显示，健康生活方式在一定程度上能够抵消遗传易感性对心血管疾病和血脂异常发病风险[21-22]，因此，对具有家族史的人群应加强早期筛查和生活方式干预，实施精准防控。
本研究是我国东南沿海城市具有较大样本量的有关三高共病的研究，覆盖城乡多年龄段人群，具有良好的代表性。同时纳入因素全面，涵盖社会人口学特征、行为生活方式、体重指标及家族史等多维度变量，能反映我国东南沿海地区人群三高共病发生情况和影响因素，对类似地区公共卫生和临床实践具有重要意义。但也存在一定局限性，首先，本研究为横断面研究，无法推断因果关系；其次，部分行为生活方式为自报数据，可能存在回忆偏倚。
综上所述，温州市成年居民三高共患率处于较高水平，应将高龄、低文化程度、低收入、经常饮酒、盐摄入过多、超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史者作为重点干预人群，落实“三高共管”策略，强化健康教育，倡导健康生活方式，控制体重和腰围，降低三高共病及其心脑血管疾病并发症的发生风险。
基金
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  • 浙江省卫生健康行业科技计划项目(WKJ-ZJ-26036)
  • 温州市科技计划项目(Y2023032)
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2026年第53卷第9期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202512162
  • 接收时间：2025-12-14
  • 首发时间：2026-11-02
  • 出版时间：2026-05-10
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  • 收稿日期：2025-12-14
基金
浙江省卫生健康行业科技计划项目(WKJ-ZJ-26036)
温州市科技计划项目(Y2023032)
作者信息
    温州市疾病预防控制中心（温州市卫生监督所）慢性非传染性疾病防制所，浙江 温州 325000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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