Article(id=1324077444801635194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077443828560770, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202511038, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1762099200000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793614263010, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1775750400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793614263010, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793614263010, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793614263010, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324077443828560770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='7', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1775750400000', pubDateStr='2026-04-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793614262778, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793614352085, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324077818509918661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077443828560770, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324077818509918662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324077443828560770, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1153, endPage=1158, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324077446638740347, articleId=1324077444801635194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Factors influencing two-week morbidity in hypertensive patients based on coincidence analysis and logistic regression, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the influencing factors of two-week morbidity among hypertensive patients in Guizhou Province, and to compare the differences and complementarities between coincidence analysis (CNA) and logistic regression in identifying complex associations.

Methods

Data were obtained from the 2022 Guizhou Provincial Health Literacy Surveillance, and participants were individuals with self-reported hypertension. CNA and logistic regression were applied for statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 1 344 hypertensive patients from 18 counties/districts were included, with a two-week morbidity rate of 36.09%. CNA identified four configurational pathways leading to high two-week morbidity: counties with higher proportions of ethnic minorities and higher obesity rates; counties with lower educational attainment and higher income or higher obesity rates; counties with higher educational attainment, lower smoking rates, but lower health literacy. The model had a consistency of 0.808, a coverage of 0.801, and a standardized robustness score of 0.75. Multivariable logistic regression showed that education below junior high school (OR=1.586, 95% CI: 1.216-2.068) and low health literacy (OR=1.762, 95% CI: 1.141-2.721) were risk factors for two-week morbidity among hypertensive patients.

Conclusion

From a multi-pathway perspective, this study shows that the risk of two-week morbidity among patients with hypertension in Guizhou is characterized by combinations of low educational attainment, low health literacy, high obesity prevalence, and ethnic minority concentration, providing evidence to inform county-level chronic disease management strategies in Guizhou and other resource-limited settings.

, authors=Xiao-yan GUO1, 2, Yu-lu HUANG1, Hui-juan CHEN2, Ren-hua ZHANG2, Ya-juan WANG2, Xiao-yuan SHI2, Yi-yuan CAI1, authorsList=Xiao-yan GUO, Yu-lu HUANG, Hui-juan CHEN, Ren-hua ZHANG, Ya-juan WANG, Xiao-yuan SHI, Yi-yuan CAI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yi-yuan CAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324077447360160638, articleId=1324077444801635194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=基于共存分析与logistic回归研究高血压患者两周患病影响因素, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨贵州省高血压患者两周患病的影响因素,比较共存分析与logistic回归在识别复杂关联关系中的差异与互补。

方法

数据来源于2022年贵州省居民健康素养监测,研究对象为自报高血压者。统计分析采用共存分析和logistic回归分析。

结果

共纳入18个县(区)1 344名高血压患者,两周患病率为36.09%。共存分析结果显示,4条组态导致高两周患病,分别是少数民族占比高且肥胖率高的县区,或者文化程度低、收入高或肥胖率高的县区,或者文化程度高、吸烟率低但健康素养水平低的县区,该模型一致性为0.808,覆盖度为0.801,标准化稳健性评分为0.75。多因素logistic回归显示,文化程度初中以下(OR=1.586,95%CI:1.216~2.068)和低健康素养(OR=1.762,95%CI:1.141~2.721)是高血压患者两周患病的危险因素。

结论

本研究从多路径视角揭示了贵州省高血压患者两周患病率风险呈现低文化程度、低健康素养、高肥胖率及少数民族聚集等多因素组合的特征,为贵州省及其他低资源县域慢病管理策略的制定提供参考。

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郭晓艳(1995—),女,博士在读,主管医师,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

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蔡毅媛,E-mail:
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BMC Health Services Research, 2022, 22(1): 1148., articleTitle=Impact of low health literacy on patients' health outcomes: a multicenter cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324077461197169634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=1217, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Du YR, Liu L, Zhao Y, journalName=BMC Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Du YR, Liu L, Zhao Y, et al. Ethnic disparities in prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and its multimorbidity among older adults in rural southwest China[J]. BMC Public Health, 2023, 23(1): 1217., articleTitle=Ethnic disparities in prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and its multimorbidity among older adults in rural southwest China, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324077456440828862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, awardId=72164005, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(72164005), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324077456520520639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, awardId=gzwkj2024-495, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州省卫健委科技基金项目(gzwkj2024-495), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324077456621183936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, awardId=2023-E-16, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州省疾控中心青年科学基金项目(2023-E-16), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324077447603430271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077447620207488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, companyId=1324077447603430271, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Acacia Lab for Primary Healthcare, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077447632790401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, companyId=1324077447603430271, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,流行病与卫生统计学Acacia基层医疗卫生实验室,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324077447733453698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324077447746036611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, companyId=1324077447733453698, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心,卫生健康促进与宣传教育所,贵州 贵阳 550004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324077453341238192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Configurational diagram of the CNA model for two-week morbidity among hypertensive patients, figureFileSmall=mo+dxgZTbDNBzh2/r5wnzg==, figureFileBig=vTcrMupAQIAntDnuHvBxrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077453416735665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=CN, label=图1, caption=高血压患者两周患病率的共存分析模型组态图, figureFileSmall=mo+dxgZTbDNBzh2/r5wnzg==, figureFileBig=vTcrMupAQIAntDnuHvBxrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324077453676782514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of hypertensive patients in Guizhou Province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征调查人数构成比(%)
民族汉族84462.80
少数民族50037.20
年龄(岁)15~<6082061.01
60~6952438.99
性别男72854.17
女61645.83
文化程度初中以下83962.43
初中及以上50537.57
家庭人均年收入(万元)<199373.88
≥135126.12
健康素养具备16111.98
不具备1 18388.02
吸烟是42731.77
否91768.23
肥胖是32424.11
否1 02075.89
两周患病是48536.09
否85963.91
), ArticleFig(id=1324077455341921203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

贵州省高血压患者一般特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征调查人数构成比(%)
民族汉族84462.80
少数民族50037.20
年龄(岁)15~<6082061.01
60~6952438.99
性别男72854.17
女61645.83
文化程度初中以下83962.43
初中及以上50537.57
家庭人均年收入(万元)<199373.88
≥135126.12
健康素养具备16111.98
不具备1 18388.02
吸烟是42731.77
否91768.23
肥胖是32424.11
否1 02075.89
两周患病是48536.09
否85963.91
), ArticleFig(id=1324077455467750324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Descriptive statistics of county-level outcome and condition variables (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量M(P25,P75)最大值最小值
结果变量
两周患病率33.52(27.30,41.99)62.6418.6
条件变量
少数民族人口比例27.05(9.18,70.10)85.960.00
60岁及以上人口比例38.10(34.71,45.48)48.1024.66
初中及以上人口比例36.51(25.04,47.28)64.1820.25
家庭人均年收入1万元及以上人口比例23.68(19.12,34.92)50.7510.99
健康素养水平10.78(8.84,14.96)25.374.41
吸烟率33.08(29.24,36.36)44.1913.95
肥胖率23.63(21.05,26.63)36.4612.86
), ArticleFig(id=1324077455568413621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

县级结果变量及条件变量的描述性统计(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量M(P25,P75)最大值最小值
结果变量
两周患病率33.52(27.30,41.99)62.6418.6
条件变量
少数民族人口比例27.05(9.18,70.10)85.960.00
60岁及以上人口比例38.10(34.71,45.48)48.1024.66
初中及以上人口比例36.51(25.04,47.28)64.1820.25
家庭人均年收入1万元及以上人口比例23.68(19.12,34.92)50.7510.99
健康素养水平10.78(8.84,14.96)25.374.41
吸烟率33.08(29.24,36.36)44.1913.95
肥胖率23.63(21.05,26.63)36.4612.86
), ArticleFig(id=1324077455744574390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Fuzzy-set coincidence list of county-level variables (membership scores)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
县区两周患病民族年龄文化程度收入健康素养吸烟肥胖
10.790.950.220.920.900.980.680.41
20.050.020.830.890.350.790.961.00
30.870.850.930.610.480.540.110.29
40.610.790.000.040.520.210.880.80
50.310.780.910.890.860.920.090.59
60.140.140.200.050.430.460.530.42
70.540.070.270.320.190.070.380.26
80.700.910.581.000.990.990.760.69
90.910.410.970.050.060.470.400.92
100.990.080.620.130.560.010.580.08
110.440.540.940.800.510.220.480.69
120.880.950.410.390.260.520.280.99
130.140.970.930.130.040.020.010.26
140.050.270.960.980.980.860.300.81
150.040.360.370.870.750.670.950.01
161.000.020.070.150.010.200.700.68
170.010.080.020.050.160.570.990.02
180.420.940.160.930.930.450.000.35
), ArticleFig(id=1324077455908152248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

县级变量的模糊集共存列表(隶属度值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
县区两周患病民族年龄文化程度收入健康素养吸烟肥胖
10.790.950.220.920.900.980.680.41
20.050.020.830.890.350.790.961.00
30.870.850.930.610.480.540.110.29
40.610.790.000.040.520.210.880.80
50.310.780.910.890.860.920.090.59
60.140.140.200.050.430.460.530.42
70.540.070.270.320.190.070.380.26
80.700.910.581.000.990.990.760.69
90.910.410.970.050.060.470.400.92
100.990.080.620.130.560.010.580.08
110.440.540.940.800.510.220.480.69
120.880.950.410.390.260.520.280.99
130.140.970.930.130.040.020.010.26
140.050.270.960.980.980.860.300.81
150.040.360.370.870.750.670.950.01
161.000.020.070.150.010.200.700.68
170.010.080.020.050.160.570.990.02
180.420.940.160.930.930.450.000.35
), ArticleFig(id=1324077456000426937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

CNA results for county-level two-week morbidity among hypertensive patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号基础组态模型1模型2模型3模型4模型5模型6模型7模型8
1少数民族比例较高*肥胖率较高√√√
2少数民族比例较高*吸烟率较高√√√√√
3文化程度较低*收入较高√√√√
4文化程度较低*肥胖率较高√√√√√√√√
5健康素养较高*吸烟率较低*肥胖率较低√√√√√
6健康素养较低*老龄化较高*吸烟率较高√
7健康素养较低*老龄化较高*少数民族比例较低√
8文化程度较高*吸烟率较低*肥胖率较低√
9健康素养较低*文化程度较高*吸烟率较低√
10老龄化较高*吸烟率较高*肥胖率较低√
11老龄化较高*少数民族比例较低*肥胖率较低√
一致性0.8160.8020.8080.8180.8250.8260.8160.817
覆盖度0.7780.8180.8010.8030.8070.8120.8070.812
复杂度699910101010
稳健性评分86666666
标准化稳健性评分10.750.750.750.750.750.750.75
), ArticleFig(id=1324077456122061754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

高血压患者县级两周患病率的共存分析模型结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号基础组态模型1模型2模型3模型4模型5模型6模型7模型8
1少数民族比例较高*肥胖率较高√√√
2少数民族比例较高*吸烟率较高√√√√√
3文化程度较低*收入较高√√√√
4文化程度较低*肥胖率较高√√√√√√√√
5健康素养较高*吸烟率较低*肥胖率较低√√√√√
6健康素养较低*老龄化较高*吸烟率较高√
7健康素养较低*老龄化较高*少数民族比例较低√
8文化程度较高*吸烟率较低*肥胖率较低√
9健康素养较低*文化程度较高*吸烟率较低√
10老龄化较高*吸烟率较高*肥胖率较低√
11老龄化较高*少数民族比例较低*肥胖率较低√
一致性0.8160.8020.8080.8180.8250.8260.8160.817
覆盖度0.7780.8180.8010.8030.8070.8120.8070.812
复杂度699910101010
稳健性评分86666666
标准化稳健性评分10.750.750.750.750.750.750.75
), ArticleFig(id=1324077456205947836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of two-week morbidity among hypertensive patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量单因素多因素
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
民族(ref:汉族)
少数民族0.994(0.790~1.252)0.960.989(0.782~1.250)0.926
年龄(岁,ref:15~)
60~691.190(0.948~1.494)0.1331.064(0.841~1.345)0.607
文化程度(ref:初中及以上)
初中以下1.904(1.498~2.419)<0.0011.586(1.216~2.068)<0.001
家庭人均年收入(万元,ref:≥1)
<11.479(1.137~1.922)0.0031.117(0.840~1.484)0.446
健康素养(ref:具备)
不具备2.398(1.607~3.579)<0.0011.762(1.141~2.721)0.011
吸烟(ref:否)
是0.796(0.625~1.015)0.0660.860(0.670~1.103)0.235
肥胖(ref:否)
是1.037(0.800~1.345)0.7821.079(0.827~1.408)0.576
), ArticleFig(id=1324077456344359869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324077444801635194, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

高血压患者两周患病情况的logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量单因素多因素
OR(95%CI)P值OR(95%CI)P值
民族(ref:汉族)
少数民族0.994(0.790~1.252)0.960.989(0.782~1.250)0.926
年龄(岁,ref:15~)
60~691.190(0.948~1.494)0.1331.064(0.841~1.345)0.607
文化程度(ref:初中及以上)
初中以下1.904(1.498~2.419)<0.0011.586(1.216~2.068)<0.001
家庭人均年收入(万元,ref:≥1)
<11.479(1.137~1.922)0.0031.117(0.840~1.484)0.446
健康素养(ref:具备)
不具备2.398(1.607~3.579)<0.0011.762(1.141~2.721)0.011
吸烟(ref:否)
是0.796(0.625~1.015)0.0660.860(0.670~1.103)0.235
肥胖(ref:否)
是1.037(0.800~1.345)0.7821.079(0.827~1.408)0.576
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基于共存分析与logistic回归研究高血压患者两周患病影响因素
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郭晓艳 1, 2 , 黄雨露 1 , 陈慧娟 2 , 张人华 2 , 王娅娟 2 , 石晓园 2 , 蔡毅媛 1
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2026,53(7): 1153-1158
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现代预防医学 |流行病与统计方法 2026 , 53 (7) : 1153 -1158
基于共存分析与logistic回归研究高血压患者两周患病影响因素
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郭晓艳1, 2, 黄雨露1, 陈慧娟2, 张人华2, 王娅娟2, 石晓园2, 蔡毅媛1
作者信息
  • 1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,流行病与卫生统计学Acacia基层医疗卫生实验室,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
  • 2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心,卫生健康促进与宣传教育所,贵州 贵阳 550004
通讯作者:
蔡毅媛,E-mail:
作者简介:

郭晓艳(1995—),女,博士在读,主管医师,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

Factors influencing two-week morbidity in hypertensive patients based on coincidence analysis and logistic regression
Xiao-yan GUO1, 2, Yu-lu HUANG1, Hui-juan CHEN2, Ren-hua ZHANG2, Ya-juan WANG2, Xiao-yuan SHI2, Yi-yuan CAI1
Affiliations
  • Acacia Lab for Primary Healthcare, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
出版时间: 2026-04-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202511038
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目的

探讨贵州省高血压患者两周患病的影响因素,比较共存分析与logistic回归在识别复杂关联关系中的差异与互补。

方法

数据来源于2022年贵州省居民健康素养监测,研究对象为自报高血压者。统计分析采用共存分析和logistic回归分析。

结果

共纳入18个县(区)1 344名高血压患者,两周患病率为36.09%。共存分析结果显示,4条组态导致高两周患病,分别是少数民族占比高且肥胖率高的县区,或者文化程度低、收入高或肥胖率高的县区,或者文化程度高、吸烟率低但健康素养水平低的县区,该模型一致性为0.808,覆盖度为0.801,标准化稳健性评分为0.75。多因素logistic回归显示,文化程度初中以下(OR=1.586,95%CI:1.216~2.068)和低健康素养(OR=1.762,95%CI:1.141~2.721)是高血压患者两周患病的危险因素。

结论

本研究从多路径视角揭示了贵州省高血压患者两周患病率风险呈现低文化程度、低健康素养、高肥胖率及少数民族聚集等多因素组合的特征,为贵州省及其他低资源县域慢病管理策略的制定提供参考。

共存分析  /  高血压  /  两周患病率  /  影响因素
Objective

To explore the influencing factors of two-week morbidity among hypertensive patients in Guizhou Province, and to compare the differences and complementarities between coincidence analysis (CNA) and logistic regression in identifying complex associations.

Methods

Data were obtained from the 2022 Guizhou Provincial Health Literacy Surveillance, and participants were individuals with self-reported hypertension. CNA and logistic regression were applied for statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 1 344 hypertensive patients from 18 counties/districts were included, with a two-week morbidity rate of 36.09%. CNA identified four configurational pathways leading to high two-week morbidity: counties with higher proportions of ethnic minorities and higher obesity rates; counties with lower educational attainment and higher income or higher obesity rates; counties with higher educational attainment, lower smoking rates, but lower health literacy. The model had a consistency of 0.808, a coverage of 0.801, and a standardized robustness score of 0.75. Multivariable logistic regression showed that education below junior high school (OR=1.586, 95% CI: 1.216-2.068) and low health literacy (OR=1.762, 95% CI: 1.141-2.721) were risk factors for two-week morbidity among hypertensive patients.

Conclusion

From a multi-pathway perspective, this study shows that the risk of two-week morbidity among patients with hypertension in Guizhou is characterized by combinations of low educational attainment, low health literacy, high obesity prevalence, and ethnic minority concentration, providing evidence to inform county-level chronic disease management strategies in Guizhou and other resource-limited settings.

Coincidence analysis  /  Hypertension  /  Two-week morbidity  /  Influencing factors
郭晓艳, 黄雨露, 陈慧娟, 张人华, 王娅娟, 石晓园, 蔡毅媛. 基于共存分析与logistic回归研究高血压患者两周患病影响因素. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (7) : 1153 -1158 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202511038
Xiao-yan GUO, Yu-lu HUANG, Hui-juan CHEN, Ren-hua ZHANG, Ya-juan WANG, Xiao-yuan SHI, Yi-yuan CAI. Factors influencing two-week morbidity in hypertensive patients based on coincidence analysis and logistic regression[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (7) : 1153 -1158 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202511038
高血压是全球主要致死和致残的风险因素之一,全球高血压患者约13亿人,但控制率仅约20%[1]。我国成人高血压患病率为31.6%,控制率仅为12.9%[2],而贵州省高血压控制率更低(6.2%)[3]。“两周患病率”作为反映人群短期健康状况和卫生服务需求的敏感指标,高血压患者作为慢性病群体,其两周患病风险高于一般人群,不仅可能反映疾病急性发作或控制不佳,还可能增加其医疗服务利用负担[4-5]。
健康社会生态学模型[6]指出,健康结局受个体、人际、社区、政策等多层面因素共同影响。健康素养作为个体获取、理解与应用健康信息的能力,是慢病防控的重要“社会疫苗”[7]。贵州省兼具城乡差异、民族多样性和基层医疗资源相对有限的特征,其高血压防控面临复杂的多因素交织局面。现有研究多采用传统回归模型探讨单一因素的“净效应”,难以揭示县域慢病治理中多因素间的组合效应。
共存分析(coincidence analysis)是Baumgartner[8]提出的一种基于布尔代数和集合论的组态比较方法,擅长识别导致同一结果的不同条件组合路径[9],已在社会科学、政治学及公共卫生领域得到应用[10],但在我国,共存分析尚未被用于公共卫生领域[11]。
因此,本研究联合运用共存分析与logistic回归,从县级组态和个体因素两个层面,基于结果比较两种方法在识别复杂关联关系中的差异与互补性,系统探讨贵州省高血压患者两周患病的影响因素,以期为制定精准、分层的区域慢病防控策略提供依据。
本研究数据来源于2022年贵州省居民健康素养监测,研究对象为自报患有高血压的15~69岁常住居民。纳入标准:年龄15~69岁,过去一年在当地居住≥6个月,且自我报告罹患高血压的居民。排除标准:核心数据缺失的调查对象。研究对象同时进行个体层面和以县为单位的汇总层面分析。
该监测采用多阶段分层概率与规模成比例(probability proportional to size,PPS)随机抽样[12]。首先按照城乡分层,使用PPS法,从9个市(州)各抽取1个城市点(区)和1个农村点(县),共18个监测点;随后在各点抽取6个街道/乡镇,每个街道/乡镇抽2个村居,最后在每个村居用Kish法抽取完成45户调查,每户调查1人。调查使用信效度良好(Cronbach α为0.931)的《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》[12-13]。调查已通过贵州省疾病预防控制中心伦理委员会审批(批号:W2023-19),所有调查对象均签署知情同意书。
(1)个体层面:①两周患病:调查前两周内出现过如发热、咳嗽、腹泻、头痛、恶心、呕吐、失眠、焦虑、情绪低落等不适症状。②健康素养:总分为66分,得分≥80%判定为具备。③行为与健康状况:吸烟定义为现在吸烟;肥胖:身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)≥28 kg/m2。④社会人口学变量:性别、年龄、民族、文化程度、家庭人均年收入。
(2)县级层面:由个体数据汇总得到,例:某县高血压患者两周患病率,即调查的高血压患者人群中两周患病人群的百分比;同理,汇总计算得到某县高血压患者健康素养水平、少数民族比例、60岁以上人群比例、初中及以上学历比例、家庭人均年收入≥1万比例、吸烟率及肥胖率。
调查及数据分析阶段对数据进行核查、清理和逻辑校验。剔除基本信息缺失、逻辑明显错误及信息填写不完整的问卷,确保数据质量。
使用SPSS 27.0和R 4.5.1软件。计数资料采用构成比、中位数和四分位数描述。
(1)共存分析 使用R包cna()进行模糊集共存分析。共存分析结果的解释力依赖于变量科学选取、校准标准的合理性[8]。首先基于社会生态学模型选取县级变量。由于模糊集共存分析要求数据类型在0~1之间,对县级变量使用直接校准法[“calibrate(x,n1,n2,n3)”函数]进行数据校准(阈值:完全隶属90,交叉点50,完全不隶属10)[14]。共存分析模型选择满足一致性与覆盖度阈值、较为稳定、复杂度较低、符合理论预期的模型[15-16]。在R中运行frscore()函数,通过调整一致性(consistency)和覆盖度(coverage)阈值(0.75~1)进行稳健性分析。最终报告符合一致性(consistency)≥0.8、覆盖度≥0.8且标准化稳健性评分≥0.75标准的模型[15,17]。一致性衡量的是条件组合与结果之间的依赖强度,覆盖度衡量的是条件组合对结果的解释范围,即结果出现时,有多少情况是由这个条件组合引起的。标准化稳健性评分得分范围从0到1,值越接近1,表示模型在不同一致性和覆盖度阈值下越稳定。画图使用WPS绘制。
(2)Logistic回归分析 以是否发生两周患病作为因变量,逐步纳入人口学、行为及健康素养等变量进行单因素和多因素分析。检验水准α=0.05。
1 344名高血压患者总体两周患病率为36.09%。其中男性728人,占54.17%;60岁及以上524人,占38.99%;以汉族、初中以下文化程度、家庭人均年收入小于1万元、不具备健康素养人群居多,分别占62.80%、62.43%、73.88%、88.02%;吸烟率为31.77%,肥胖率为24.11%。见表1。
18个县(区)高血压患者两周患病率的[M(P25,P75)]为33.52%(27.30%,41.99%),县少数民族人口比例在9.18%~70.10%之间,健康素养水平最低为8.84%,最高为14.96%。各县级变量的分布见表2。经校准后得到模糊集共存列表,见表3。
通过稳健性分析,筛选出标准化稳健性评分为0.75及以上的模型共有8个,其一致性范围为0.802~0.826,覆盖度范围为0.778~0.818。上述模型在不同阈值设定下均表现出较好的稳定性,因此被纳入最终结果进行报告。见表4。
从各个模型来看,虽然模型1稳健性评分最高,且最为精简,但不满足覆盖度≥0.8的阈值。模型5~8较为复杂(复杂度为10),没有模型2~4精简。模型2~4的前三个组态一致,模型2和4的第四个组态与常识不符(文化程度高或者健康素养高,且不抽烟不肥胖的两周患病率更高)。而模型3(一致性=0.808,覆盖度=0.801,标准化稳健性评分=0.75)在满足阈值前提下相对精简且符合理论预期,也包含基础模型(模型1)即核心模型的所有信息,被确定为最佳模型。
模型3揭示了4条导致高两周患病率的条件组合路径:组态1为少数民族比例较高且肥胖率较高的县区;组态2为文化程度较低而收入较高的县区;组态3为文化程度较低且肥胖率较高的县区;组态4为居民文化程度较高而吸烟率较低而健康素养水平较低的县区。见图1。
单因素分析结果显示,文化程度、家庭人均年收入、健康素养是两周患病的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,调整了民族、年龄、家庭人均年收入后,以初中及以上文化程度为参照,初中以下文化程度患者两周患病风险是其1.586倍(95%CI:1.216~2.068),低健康素养患者的两周患病风险是高健康素养患者的1.762倍(95%CI:1.141~2.721)。见表5。
本研究显示,2022年贵州省高血压患者两周患病率为36.09%,高于2018年全国平均水平(32.20%)[18],提示贵州高血压患者短期健康风险处于较高水平。本研究从不同层面识别了两周患病的影响因素,在县域层面,共存分析识别了4条高两周患病风险组态路径,涉及文化程度、健康素养、肥胖率、民族结构、收入水平及吸烟率等因素的不同组合;在个体层面,logistic回归分析显示,低健康素养和低文化程度是两周患病的独立危险因素。
既往研究多基于个体层面探讨文化程度、年龄、收入等与两周患病风险的关系,认为低文化程度、高年龄、低收入与较高两周患病风险相关[4,19]。本研究的logistic回归结果与多数研究一致,支持低文化程度与两周患病风险升高之间的关联,可能由于教育水平偏低限制了个体获取和应用健康知识的能力[20]。本研究中年龄因素未达到统计学显著性,可能与其被简化为二分类变量有关,降低了信息层级,若将年龄精细划分,其与两周患病的关联更加显著[4]。其次,传统观点认为收入提升可降低健康风险[19],但本研究发现“高收入+低文化程度”的县域仍存在高患病风险,提示经济资源若未伴随健康认知与行为的同步提升,其健康保护效应可能受限[21]。“高肥胖+低文化程度”组态则反映了不健康生活方式与认知局限的叠加效应[22]。此外,关于健康素养的独立与组合效应,既往研究未将健康素养纳入与两周患病的关联分析中,甚至将健康素养与文化程度视为等同,本研究结果显示二者并非完全重叠,“高文化程度+低吸烟率+低健康素养”的县域仍有高风险,这表明教育背景与针对特定疾病(如高血压)的健康管理能力可能存在错配。文化程度赋予学习潜能,而健康素养强调将知识转化为实践的能力[23],在缺乏有效健康信息传递与行为支持系统的情况下,即使受教育水平较高且规避了吸烟等单一风险,也可能因用药依从性、膳食管理或压力应对等方面的知识-行为转化不足而面临风险。同时,部分文化程度较高个体对自身健康管理方式的盲目自信,亦可能导致风险持续存在。此外,“少数民族聚集+高肥胖率”组态提示,社会结构因素(民族、地理、资源可及性、饮食传统、健康观念)与生活方式风险(肥胖)可能存在叠加效应[24],这要求针对少数民族地区的干预措施需兼具文化敏感性与生活方式指导。
本研究的创新之处主要体现在两个方面。一方面,本研究在方法学上采用共存分析与logistic回归相结合,后者基于“平均效应”识别独立危险因素[19],前者揭示县域层面多因素组合组态[8],实现了从“单因素关联”向“风险组态识别”的拓展[20],更全面地描绘复杂健康问题的成因全景,例如解释某些地区在单一因素改善后整体风险依然较高的现象[22]。另一方面,补充了健康素养这一可干预变量的研究缺口,既往研究多聚焦年龄、民族等相对不可改变因素,而本研究发现的健康素养这一影响因素是后期可干预因素,为干预策略制定提供了新的切入点。
本研究也有一定局限。首先,横断面设计限制因果推断。其次,自报数据和县级汇总分析可能存在测量误差与生态学偏倚。此外,年龄等变量被转化为二分类变量可能导致信息损失。最后,对部分组态背后的深层机制探索不足,未来建议开展纵向研究验证组态稳定性,并结合混合方法深入探讨经济、文化、认知与行为之间的转化机制,特别是在少数民族地区开展跨文化健康研究。
综上,贵州省高血压患者两周患病风险呈现由低文化程度、低健康素养、高肥胖率及少数民族聚集等多因素组合驱动的特征。本研究通过整合共存分析与logistic回归分析,有助于从“单因素关联”走向“风险组态识别”,为实施精准、情境化的县域慢病分层管理提供了重要依据。
  • 国家自然科学基金(72164005)
  • 贵州省卫健委科技基金项目(gzwkj2024-495)
  • 贵州省疾控中心青年科学基金项目(2023-E-16)
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2026年第53卷第7期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202511038
  • 接收时间:2025-11-03
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2026-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-11-03
基金
国家自然科学基金(72164005)
贵州省卫健委科技基金项目(gzwkj2024-495)
贵州省疾控中心青年科学基金项目(2023-E-16)
作者信息
    1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,流行病与卫生统计学Acacia基层医疗卫生实验室,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
    2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心,卫生健康促进与宣传教育所,贵州 贵阳 550004

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