Article(id=1311350034357121283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349984730116963, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509382, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1758556800000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790579811896, onlineDateStr=2026-09-28, pubDate=1784908800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790579811896, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790579811896, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790579811896, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311349984730116963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2026', volume='53', issue='14', pageStart='2497', pageEnd='2688', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784908800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790579800064, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790588348354, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1311385838924169506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349984730116963, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1311385838924169507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1311349984730116963, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2613, endPage=2619, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311350036164866308, articleId=1311350034357121283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Real-World study of community management involving SGA-LAIs for severe mental disorders, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of community-based management program involving second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectables (SGA-LAIs) for patients with severe mental disorders (SMD).

Methods

Based on the Sichuan Provincial Severe Mental Disorders Management System, patients enrolled in the program between April 2022 and February 2023 were selected. Clinical symptoms and social functioning were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS). Caregiver burden was measured using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). A linear mixed-effects model (LMM) was applied to handle the unbalanced longitudinal data and analyze the trends of each indicator over time.

Results

A total of 1 740 patients with severe mental disorders were included. During follow-up, the total PANSS score, its subscale scores, and the total SDSS score all showed significant decreasing trends over time (P<0.001). Age was positively correlated with both PANSS and SDSS scores (P<0.05), and female patients had more severe social functional impairment (β=0.435, P=0.009).

Conclusion

The community-based management program incorporating SGA-LAIs isassociated with sustained improvement in patients’ symptoms and functioning, as well as a reduction in caregiver burden. The results suggest a need for attention to personalized support for older adults and female patients. Given the study design limitations, the causal effect of the observed associations requires verification by future controlled studies.

, authors=Dong-qiong CHEN1, Wen-lin MA1, Zi-yi XIONG2, Li ZHAO1, Hui LI3, You-guo TAN4, Xian-mei YANG5, Li-hua JIANG1, authorsList=Dong-qiong CHEN, Wen-lin MA, Zi-yi XIONG, Li ZHAO, Hui LI, You-guo TAN, Xian-mei YANG, Li-hua JIANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Li-hua JIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311350036777234695, articleId=1311350034357121283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=基于真实世界数据的严重精神障碍社区管理项目效果评价, columnId=1228016568014139551, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=卫生政策与管理, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

评估结合第二代抗精神病长效针剂(SGA-LAIs)的社区管理项目在严重精神障碍患者的效果。

方法

依托四川省严重精神障碍患者管理系统,选取2022年4月至2023年2月纳入管理的患者,采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)及社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)评估临床症状和社会功能,采用Zarit负担量表(ZBI)评估照顾者负担。应用线性混合效应模型(LMM)处理非平衡纵向数据,分析各项指标随时间的变化趋势。

结果

共纳入1 740例严重精神障碍患者。随访期间,患者PANSS总分自第1月起显著下降(t=-8.163~-34.648,均P<0.001);SDSS总分自第3个月起呈下降趋势(t=-14.793~-14.731,均P<0.001)。年龄与PANSS及SDSS评分均呈正相关(β =0.111, t=2.788, P=0.005;β =0.044, t=5.525, P<0.001),女性患者社会功能缺陷较男性更重(β =0.435, t=2.61, P=0.009)。

结论

结合SGA-LAIs的社区管理项目与患者症状、功能的持续改善及照顾者负担减轻相关联。结果提示需关注高龄及女性患者的个体化支持。鉴于研究设计限制,所观察到的关联的因果效应有待未来对照研究进一步验证。

, authors=陈冬琼1, 马文琳1, 熊子怡2, 赵莉1, 李慧3, 谭友果4, 杨先梅5, 蒋莉华1, authorsList=陈冬琼, 马文琳, 熊子怡, 赵莉, 李慧, 谭友果, 杨先梅, 蒋莉华, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=蒋莉华, authorNote=

陈冬琼(2001—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生政策与管理

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蒋莉华,E-mail:
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Canonical correlation analysis between the quality of Life and the burden of care of schizophrenia caregivers during remission in Hubei province[J]. Medicine and Society, 2020, 33(6): 34-37.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Canonical correlation analysis between the quality of Life and the burden of care of schizophrenia caregivers during remission in Hubei province, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1311350042548597071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, awardId=20242D0524700, language=CN, fundingSource=国际科技重大专项(20242D0524700), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311350036999532808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350037007921417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, companyId=1311350036999532808, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350037016310026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, companyId=1311350036999532808, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生政策与管理学系,四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350037096001803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350037108584716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, companyId=1311350037096001803, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.成都中医药大学管理学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350037196665101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350037209248014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, companyId=1311350037196665101, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.四川省精神医学中心)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350037288939791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350037297328400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, companyId=1311350037288939791, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.自贡市精神卫生中心)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311350037351854353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, xref=5., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311350037360242962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, companyId=1311350037351854353, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.四川省精神卫生中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311350041579712835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Changes in PANSS total scores of patients with SMD during 1-10 months after enrollment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距65.615(61.654~69.575)2.01932.495<0.001
第1个月-9.433(-11.698~-7.168)1.156-8.163<0.001
第2个月-13.622(-15.589~-11.655)1.003-13.577<0.001
第3个月-17.954(-19.136~-16.773)0.603-29.780<0.001
第4个月-19.223(-20.984~-17.462)0.898-21.399<0.001
第5个月-22.519(-23.660~-21.379)0.582-38.715<0.001
第6个月-24.771(-26.603~-22.939)0.934-26.510<0.001
第7个月-24.874(-26.641~-23.106)0.902-27.586<0.001
第8个月-25.952(-27.070~-24.834)0.570-45.517<0.001
第9个月-29.690(-31.315~-28.065)0.829-35.815<0.001
第10个月-30.846(-32.592~-29.101)0.890-34.648<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.757(-0.896~2.410)0.8430.8980.369
年龄0.111(0.033~0.190)0.0402.7880.005
), ArticleFig(id=1311350041659404612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

严重精神障碍患者入组后1~10个月PANSS总分变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距65.615(61.654~69.575)2.01932.495<0.001
第1个月-9.433(-11.698~-7.168)1.156-8.163<0.001
第2个月-13.622(-15.589~-11.655)1.003-13.577<0.001
第3个月-17.954(-19.136~-16.773)0.603-29.780<0.001
第4个月-19.223(-20.984~-17.462)0.898-21.399<0.001
第5个月-22.519(-23.660~-21.379)0.582-38.715<0.001
第6个月-24.771(-26.603~-22.939)0.934-26.510<0.001
第7个月-24.874(-26.641~-23.106)0.902-27.586<0.001
第8个月-25.952(-27.070~-24.834)0.570-45.517<0.001
第9个月-29.690(-31.315~-28.065)0.829-35.815<0.001
第10个月-30.846(-32.592~-29.101)0.890-34.648<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.757(-0.896~2.410)0.8430.8980.369
年龄0.111(0.033~0.190)0.0402.7880.005
), ArticleFig(id=1311350041730707781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Changes in PANSS-Positive scores of patients with SMD during 1-10 months after enrollment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距16.508(15.392~17.623)0.56929.022<0.001
第1个月-3.169(-3.904~-2.433)0.375-8.440<0.001
第2个月-3.946(-4.597~-3.295)0.332-11.885<0.001
第3个月-5.376(-5.755~-4.998)0.193-27.820<0.001
第4个月-5.319(-5.912~-4.725)0.303-17.575<0.001
第5个月-6.740(-7.113~-6.367)0.190-35.419<0.001
第6个月-6.865(-7.489~-6.242)0.318-21.591<0.001
第7个月-7.531(-8.134~-6.928)0.307-24.492<0.001
第8个月-7.785(-8.163~-7.408)0.192-40.470<0.001
第9个月-8.955(-9.514~-8.396)0.285-31.410<0.001
第10个月-8.989(-9.593~-8.385)0.308-29.181<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.201(-0.263~0.664)0.2360.8490.396
年龄0.025(0.003~0.047)0.0112.2080.027
), ArticleFig(id=1311350041814593862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

严重精神障碍患者入组后1~10个月PANSS-P分数变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距16.508(15.392~17.623)0.56929.022<0.001
第1个月-3.169(-3.904~-2.433)0.375-8.440<0.001
第2个月-3.946(-4.597~-3.295)0.332-11.885<0.001
第3个月-5.376(-5.755~-4.998)0.193-27.820<0.001
第4个月-5.319(-5.912~-4.725)0.303-17.575<0.001
第5个月-6.740(-7.113~-6.367)0.190-35.419<0.001
第6个月-6.865(-7.489~-6.242)0.318-21.591<0.001
第7个月-7.531(-8.134~-6.928)0.307-24.492<0.001
第8个月-7.785(-8.163~-7.408)0.192-40.470<0.001
第9个月-8.955(-9.514~-8.396)0.285-31.410<0.001
第10个月-8.989(-9.593~-8.385)0.308-29.181<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.201(-0.263~0.664)0.2360.8490.396
年龄0.025(0.003~0.047)0.0112.2080.027
), ArticleFig(id=1311350041890091335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Changes in PANSS-Negative scores of patients with SMD during 1-10 months after enrollment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距17.151(15.847~18.455)0.66525.796<0.001
第1个月-2.044(-2.820~-1.269)0.396-5.169<0.001
第2个月-3.151(-3.827~-2.475)0.345-9.134<0.001
第3个月-4.401(-4.804~-3.997)0.206-21.384<0.001
第4个月-4.538(-5.146~-3.930)0.310-14.624<0.001
第5个月-5.605(-5.996~-5.214)0.200-28.092<0.001
第6个月-5.280(-5.914~-4.646)0.324-16.318<0.001
第7个月-6.120(-6.733~-5.508)0.312-19.590<0.001
第8个月-6.385(-6.771~-5.998)0.197-32.380<0.001
第9个月-7.474(-8.039~-6.910)0.288-25.967<0.001
第10个月-8.139(-8.746~-7.532)0.310-26.294<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.242(-0.301~0.786)0.2770.8750.382
年龄0.043(0.017~0.068)0.0133.2440.001
), ArticleFig(id=1311350041965588808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

严重精神障碍患者入组后1~10个月PANSS-N分数变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距17.151(15.847~18.455)0.66525.796<0.001
第1个月-2.044(-2.820~-1.269)0.396-5.169<0.001
第2个月-3.151(-3.827~-2.475)0.345-9.134<0.001
第3个月-4.401(-4.804~-3.997)0.206-21.384<0.001
第4个月-4.538(-5.146~-3.930)0.310-14.624<0.001
第5个月-5.605(-5.996~-5.214)0.200-28.092<0.001
第6个月-5.280(-5.914~-4.646)0.324-16.318<0.001
第7个月-6.120(-6.733~-5.508)0.312-19.590<0.001
第8个月-6.385(-6.771~-5.998)0.197-32.380<0.001
第9个月-7.474(-8.039~-6.910)0.288-25.967<0.001
第10个月-8.139(-8.746~-7.532)0.310-26.294<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.242(-0.301~0.786)0.2770.8750.382
年龄0.043(0.017~0.068)0.0133.2440.001
), ArticleFig(id=1311350042032697673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Changes in PANSS-General scores of patients with SMD during 1-10 months after enrollment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距32.205(30.333~34.078)0.95533.735<0.001
第1个月-4.561(-5.678~-3.444)0.570-8.004<0.001
第2个月-6.744(-7.719~-5.770)0.497-13.566<0.001
第3个月-8.180(-8.761~-7.599)0.296-27.596<0.001
第4个月-9.474(-10.351~-8.597)0.447-21.177<0.001
第5个月-10.241(-10.805~-9.678)0.287-35.623<0.001
第6个月-10.842(-11.757~-9.927)0.467-23.236<0.001
第7个月-11.303(-12.186~-10.419)0.451-25.085<0.001
第8个月-11.791(-12.348~-11.234)0.284-41.471<0.001
第9个月-13.352(-14.167~-12.538)0.415-32.145<0.001
第10个月-13.984(-14.862~-13.106)0.448-31.230<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.299(-0.482~1.079)0.3980.7500.453
年龄0.041(0.004~0.078)0.0192.1480.032
), ArticleFig(id=1311350042108195146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

严重精神障碍患者入组后1~10个月PANSS-G分数变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距32.205(30.333~34.078)0.95533.735<0.001
第1个月-4.561(-5.678~-3.444)0.570-8.004<0.001
第2个月-6.744(-7.719~-5.770)0.497-13.566<0.001
第3个月-8.180(-8.761~-7.599)0.296-27.596<0.001
第4个月-9.474(-10.351~-8.597)0.447-21.177<0.001
第5个月-10.241(-10.805~-9.678)0.287-35.623<0.001
第6个月-10.842(-11.757~-9.927)0.467-23.236<0.001
第7个月-11.303(-12.186~-10.419)0.451-25.085<0.001
第8个月-11.791(-12.348~-11.234)0.284-41.471<0.001
第9个月-13.352(-14.167~-12.538)0.415-32.145<0.001
第10个月-13.984(-14.862~-13.106)0.448-31.230<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.299(-0.482~1.079)0.3980.7500.453
年龄0.041(0.004~0.078)0.0192.1480.032
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Changes in SDSS total scores of patients with SMD during 1-10 months after enrollment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距7.128(6.341~7.915)0.40117.761<0.001
第1个月0.298(-0.119~0.714)0.2121.4020.161
第2个月-0.012(-0.371~0.347)0.183-0.0640.949
第3个月-2.063(-2.336~-1.789)0.139-14.793<0.001
第4个月-1.647(-1.981~-1.313)0.170-9.666<0.001
第5个月-1.786(-2.057~-1.516)0.138-12.933<0.001
第6个月-1.995(-2.386~-1.603)0.200-9.997<0.001
第7个月-2.243(-2.647~-1.840)0.206-10.903<0.001
第8个月-2.318(-2.595~-2.041)0.141-16.407<0.001
第9个月-3.689(-4.106~-3.272)0.213-17.356<0.001
第10个月-3.381(-3.831~-2.931)0.230-14.731<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.435(0.108~0.762)0.1672.6120.009
年龄0.044(0.028~0.059)0.0085.525<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1311350042259190092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

严重精神障碍患者入组后1~10个月SDSS总分变化

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参数β(95%CI)标准误t值P值
截距7.128(6.341~7.915)0.40117.761<0.001
第1个月0.298(-0.119~0.714)0.2121.4020.161
第2个月-0.012(-0.371~0.347)0.183-0.0640.949
第3个月-2.063(-2.336~-1.789)0.139-14.793<0.001
第4个月-1.647(-1.981~-1.313)0.170-9.666<0.001
第5个月-1.786(-2.057~-1.516)0.138-12.933<0.001
第6个月-1.995(-2.386~-1.603)0.200-9.997<0.001
第7个月-2.243(-2.647~-1.840)0.206-10.903<0.001
第8个月-2.318(-2.595~-2.041)0.141-16.407<0.001
第9个月-3.689(-4.106~-3.272)0.213-17.356<0.001
第10个月-3.381(-3.831~-2.931)0.230-14.731<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.435(0.108~0.762)0.1672.6120.009
年龄0.044(0.028~0.059)0.0085.525<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1311350042380824909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Change in ZBI scoreof patients with SMD at month 6 and month 10 after enrollment

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参数标准误t值P值
截距24.716(21.455~27.977)1.66114.883<0.001
第6个月-5.023(-6.613~-3.434)0.810-6.199<0.001
第10个月-23.218(-24.827~-21.610)0.819-28.334<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.593(-0.707~1.893)0.6620.8960.370
年龄-0.039(-0.102~0.024)0.032-1.2250.221
), ArticleFig(id=1311350042447933774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1311350034357121283, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

严重精神障碍患者入组后第6月、第10月ZBI评分变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数标准误t值P值
截距24.716(21.455~27.977)1.66114.883<0.001
第6个月-5.023(-6.613~-3.434)0.810-6.199<0.001
第10个月-23.218(-24.827~-21.610)0.819-28.334<0.001
基线refref--
性别0.593(-0.707~1.893)0.6620.8960.370
年龄-0.039(-0.102~0.024)0.032-1.2250.221
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基于真实世界数据的严重精神障碍社区管理项目效果评价
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陈冬琼 1 , 马文琳 1 , 熊子怡 2 , 赵莉 1 , 李慧 3 , 谭友果 4 , 杨先梅 5 , 蒋莉华 1
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2026,53(14): 2613-2619
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现代预防医学 |卫生政策与管理 2026 , 53 (14) : 2613 -2619
基于真实世界数据的严重精神障碍社区管理项目效果评价
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陈冬琼1, 马文琳1, 熊子怡2, 赵莉1, 李慧3, 谭友果4, 杨先梅5, 蒋莉华1
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生政策与管理学系,四川 成都 610041
  • 2.成都中医药大学管理学院
  • 3.四川省精神医学中心
  • 4.自贡市精神卫生中心
  • 5.四川省精神卫生中心
通讯作者:
蒋莉华,E-mail:
作者简介:

陈冬琼(2001—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生政策与管理

Real-World study of community management involving SGA-LAIs for severe mental disorders
Dong-qiong CHEN1, Wen-lin MA1, Zi-yi XIONG2, Li ZHAO1, Hui LI3, You-guo TAN4, Xian-mei YANG5, Li-hua JIANG1
Affiliations
  • Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2026-07-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509382
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目的

评估结合第二代抗精神病长效针剂(SGA-LAIs)的社区管理项目在严重精神障碍患者的效果。

方法

依托四川省严重精神障碍患者管理系统,选取2022年4月至2023年2月纳入管理的患者,采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)及社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)评估临床症状和社会功能,采用Zarit负担量表(ZBI)评估照顾者负担。应用线性混合效应模型(LMM)处理非平衡纵向数据,分析各项指标随时间的变化趋势。

结果

共纳入1 740例严重精神障碍患者。随访期间,患者PANSS总分自第1月起显著下降(t=-8.163~-34.648,均P<0.001);SDSS总分自第3个月起呈下降趋势(t=-14.793~-14.731,均P<0.001)。年龄与PANSS及SDSS评分均呈正相关(β =0.111, t=2.788, P=0.005;β =0.044, t=5.525, P<0.001),女性患者社会功能缺陷较男性更重(β =0.435, t=2.61, P=0.009)。

结论

结合SGA-LAIs的社区管理项目与患者症状、功能的持续改善及照顾者负担减轻相关联。结果提示需关注高龄及女性患者的个体化支持。鉴于研究设计限制,所观察到的关联的因果效应有待未来对照研究进一步验证。

严重精神障碍  /  社区管理  /  真实世界研究  /  效果评价
Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of community-based management program involving second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectables (SGA-LAIs) for patients with severe mental disorders (SMD).

Methods

Based on the Sichuan Provincial Severe Mental Disorders Management System, patients enrolled in the program between April 2022 and February 2023 were selected. Clinical symptoms and social functioning were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS). Caregiver burden was measured using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). A linear mixed-effects model (LMM) was applied to handle the unbalanced longitudinal data and analyze the trends of each indicator over time.

Results

A total of 1 740 patients with severe mental disorders were included. During follow-up, the total PANSS score, its subscale scores, and the total SDSS score all showed significant decreasing trends over time (P<0.001). Age was positively correlated with both PANSS and SDSS scores (P<0.05), and female patients had more severe social functional impairment (β=0.435, P=0.009).

Conclusion

The community-based management program incorporating SGA-LAIs isassociated with sustained improvement in patients’ symptoms and functioning, as well as a reduction in caregiver burden. The results suggest a need for attention to personalized support for older adults and female patients. Given the study design limitations, the causal effect of the observed associations requires verification by future controlled studies.

Severe mental disorder  /  Community-based management  /  Real-World study  /  Effectiveness evaluation
陈冬琼, 马文琳, 熊子怡, 赵莉, 李慧, 谭友果, 杨先梅, 蒋莉华. 基于真实世界数据的严重精神障碍社区管理项目效果评价. 现代预防医学, 2026 , 53 (14) : 2613 -2619 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509382
Dong-qiong CHEN, Wen-lin MA, Zi-yi XIONG, Li ZHAO, Hui LI, You-guo TAN, Xian-mei YANG, Li-hua JIANG. Real-World study of community management involving SGA-LAIs for severe mental disorders[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2026 , 53 (14) : 2613 -2619 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509382
严重精神障碍是一组症状严重、病程迁延为特征的精神疾病,常导致患者社会功能显著受损,表现为对自身健康状况或客观现实缺乏完整认知,或无法独立处理日常事务[1-2]。既往研究表明,单一的口服药物治疗往往受到患者依从性低的影响,导致疾病频繁复发,且难以独立解决患者回归社会的诸多障碍[3-4]。因此,构建以抗精神病长效针剂(简称“长效针剂”)治疗为基础,社区为主要随访管理阵地的服务模式已成为提升严重精神障碍患者预后、促进其全面康复的全球精神卫生服务共识[5]。
在这一模式中,长效针剂因其能提供稳定持久的血药浓度,有效提高治疗依从性、降低复发率及再住院风险[6-7],被国内外指南推荐作为维持期治疗的重要手段,构成了社区管理的治疗基石[5,8-10]。然而,长效针剂在我国的实际应用仍不足 [5,11-13],且以抗精神病长效针剂(简称“长效针剂”)治疗为基础,社区为主要随访管理阵地的服务模式在我国尚缺乏来自真实世界的证据支持。
为响应《严重精神障碍管理治疗工作规范(2018年版)》[14],四川省于2022年启动项目,将第二代抗精神病长效针剂(Second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics, SGA-LAIs)作为维持治疗手段,社区作为严重精神障碍患者日常管理核心阵地,整合医院的技术指导与家庭的照护支持,形成“医院-社区-家庭”的协同服务网络。本研究依托于全省严重精神障碍患者管理系统的随访数据,评估严重精神障碍患者症状、社会功能及照护者负担的纵向变化,旨在探索真实社区环境下,结合SGA-LAIs的社区管理能否带来症状与社会功能改善,为优化国家精神卫生服务提供实证依据。
本研究所有数据均来源于四川省严重精神障碍患者管理系统的日常随访记录,研究对象的纳入标准包括:(1)在2022年4月至2023年2月期间新登记并开始接受SGA-LAIs治疗;(2)根据《国际疾病分类第11版》标准,诊断为精神分裂症、分裂情感性障碍、妄想性障碍、双相情感障碍、癫痫所致精神障碍、精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍或其他类型的法律规定在档管理的严重精神障碍类疾病;(3)系统内记录了基线及至少一次随访的完整评估数据;(4)接受社区服务管理的非住院治疗患者。排除标准为:(1)合并严重躯体疾病或脑器质性疾病;(2)随访数据严重缺失。本研究方案通过了四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院伦理审查委员会的审核(批准号:GWLL2022083)。
本研究评价的社区管理采取“医院-社区-家庭”三方协同参与的模式:
(1)医院负责入选患者的医学评估、前三针药物注射和急性期治疗,为基层医疗机构提供技术指导;
(2)各基层医疗机构精神卫生服务管理人员按要求对辖区患者提供后续给药和社区随访,加强监测、服务和管理,进行信息记录;
(3)家庭照护者配合护送、监督注射与行为观察。
在社区管理项目中,SGA-LAIs的给药方案遵循个体化临床决策,包括一月一针或三月一针的注射频率。由于治疗路径差异,患者的随访评估节点与注射时间点相关,因此随访数据呈不均衡分布。
性别、年龄
用于评定精神疾病患者的社会功能缺陷程度,包括10项,单项评分0~2分,总分20分,分值越高,社会功能缺陷程度越严重。采集基线及治疗后1~10个月的评分。“基线”为患者纳入本项目、首次注射SGA-LAIs前的初始评估节点,下同。
用于评估精神障碍患者症状的严重程度。它由三个部分组成:阳性症状、阴性症状和一般精神病理症状。PANSS量表包括30个条目,每个条目根据症状的严重程度进行评分,评分范围从1(无症状)到7(极为严重),得分越高表明症状越严重。采集基线及治疗后1~10个月的评分。
Zarit照顾者负担量表(Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview,ZBI)[17] 用于评估主要家庭照顾者的主观负担感受,共22条目,每个条目按负担的轻重0~4分5级评分,其中0分表示从来不,4分表示几乎经常。总分值0~88分,分数越高负担越重。于基线、第6个月、第10个月采集。
采用SPSS 25.0 进行统计分析,剔除原始数据中的重复记录,并将宽表格式转换为长表格式(每行对应一个观测对象在一个时间点的评估结果),连续变量采用均数±标准差()或中位数进行描述统计,分类变量采用百分比(%)描述统计。所有假设检验均为双侧检验,检验水准α =0.05,P<0.05认为差异具有统计学意义。
根据社区管理工作模式,各时间点的可用评估例数存在差异。线性混合效应模型(Linear Mixed-effect Model, LMM)适用于分析本研究的不均衡随访数据,它不要求各对象的观测次数或随访时间点完全一致,并可通过经验最佳线性无偏预测实现“信息借用”,利用整体趋势辅助估计样本量较少的随访点,从而增强估计的稳健性[18]。
模型固定效应包括时间、性别、年龄,以评估整体时间趋势,随机效应为个体截距。为进一步检验效应是否因性别或年龄而异,在后续中引入时间与性别、时间与年龄的交互项作为探索性分析。
本研究共纳入1 740名患者,其中男性880例(50.57%),女性860例(49.42%);平均年龄(43.39±10.55)岁;纳入管理的患者均未发生肇事肇祸事件。受限于个体化治疗路径,各随访节点的人数呈现非均衡分布,第3、5、8个月为随访高峰,分别为1 608、1 246、707例;其余月份虽有记录,但例数较少(范围为97~380例)。
在控制性别与年龄后,患者PANSS总分自治疗第1个月起即显著下降,并持续改善至第10个月。与基线相比,第1个月平均下降9.43分(95%CI: -11.70~-7.17),第5个月降幅达22.52分(95%CI:-23.66~-21.38),第10个月降幅最大,达30.85分(95%CI:-32.59~-29.10)。阳性、阴性及一般精神病理三个维度均呈现类似趋势(均P<0.001),症状改善在治疗早期即出现,并随时间持续强化。性别对PANSS总分或各维度均无显著影响(P=0.369),但年龄越高,症状评分越高(β =0.111, P=0.005)。见表1~表4。
在调整性别和年龄后,与基线相比,从第3月起,SDSS总分较基线显著下降(均P<0.001),社会功能呈持续改善趋势。最大改善出现在第9个月,平均下降3.69分(95%CI:-4.106~-3.272)。女性患者社会功能缺陷更重(β =0.435, P=0.009),年龄越高,功能缺陷越严重(β=0.044, P<0.001)。见表5。
与基线相比,6个月时照顾者负担评分平均下降5.02分(P<0.001),10个月时平均下降23.22分(P<0.001)。年龄和性别对照顾者负担无显著影响(P > 0.05)。见表6。
为检验时间效应是否因性别或年龄而异,在PANSS与SDSS的主模型中补充了时间与性别、时间与年龄的交互项作探索性分析。结果显示,时间与性别、年龄的交互效应在绝大多数随访点上均不显著。尽管在PANSS评估的早期(第1-2个月)和SDSS评估的末期(第10个月)检测到个别有统计学意义的交互项,但总体上,不同性别与年龄亚组随着时间推移的改善模式无显著差异。
本研究描述了在四川省严重精神障碍社区管理项目实施期间,患者症状、社会功能及照顾者负担的变化趋势。结果显示,在调整性别与年龄后,PANSS 总分自第1个月起即呈现显著下降,SDSS 总分自第3个月起持续改善,ZBI 评分伴随时间推移显著减轻。
在症状改善方面,PANSS总分及其阳性(P)、阴性(N)和一般精神病理(G)三个维度均自治疗第1个月起显著下降,并在10个月随访期内持续改善。这一症状缓解趋势,与既往RCT及Meta分析中关于SGA-LAIs疗效的报道基本一致[19-23]。提示应用SGA-LAIs的社区管理模式,与患者获得稳定的持续症状缓解相关联。
尽管症状迅速缓解,但社会功能的显著改善直到第3个月才出现,并在第9个月达到峰值。这种延迟改善可能提示,症状控制是功能恢复的先决条件。社会功能的重建是一个更为复杂的过程,可能涉及神经认知功能的缓慢改善、社会技能的再学习、病耻感的克服以及社会关系的逐步修复[24] 。本研究提示,在现有社区管理框架下,通过保障治疗与随访的连续性,可以支持患者社会功能恢复。未来可以探索引入心理社会干预,以进一步加速社会功能重建。
人口学因素的分析为个体化治疗提供依据。年龄对多维度结局均有负面影响,较高的年龄与更严重的精神症状(PANSS及各分量表)和社会功能缺陷(SDSS)显著相关。这一现象可能与老年患者常伴有更复杂的共病、神经退行性变化、对药物反应差异以及社会支持网络薄弱等因素有关[25]。因此,对老年患者群体,临床需要更积极、更综合的治疗与支持策略。另一方面,性别仅在社会功能缺陷(SDSS)方面表现出显著差异,女性患者的社会功能缺陷较男性更为严重,而在症状严重程度(PANSS)上未见显著差异。该结果提示,性别的作用可能更多反映在社会功能维度,而非直接作用于症状。这个结果可能反映了社会文化因素对女性精神疾病患者社会角色和功能期待的独特影响[26]。传统上,女性在家庭管理中承担了更多核心职责如操持家务、照料子女、维系亲属关系等,精神疾病无疑会严重冲击患者执行这些特定社会功能的能力[27-28] 。这提示我们在评估和治疗时,需关注性别相关的社会心理因素,为女性患者提供更具针对性的支持。
照顾者负担随着时间推移呈下降趋势,这可能是由于患者临床症状的缓解与照顾者负担减轻之间存在密切关联[29] 。一方面,照顾者负担减轻有利于改善照顾者的主观生活质量[30] 。另一方面,照顾者负担的减轻也可能通过改善家庭环境,进一步促进患者的治疗依从性与康复效果,形成良性循环。
本研究依托省级严重精神障碍患者管理系统,对以SGA-LAIs为核心的社区管理效果进行了评价,数据来源于防治工作记录,较好反映了该模式在真实场景下的实施情况。同时,研究涵盖了患者临床症状、社会功能及家庭照顾者负担等多个维度的结局指标,为评价该管理项目的效果提供了较为全面的证据。在分析方法上,尽管随访数据存在脱落与不均衡,本研究采用线性混合效应模型进行处理,能够有效利用可用随访信息来更合理地估计整体趋势。
本研究也存在一些局限性,作为一项真实世界研究,未能收集和调整诸如给药频率、病程、合并用药、具体药物种类与剂量等潜在混杂因素,这些都可能对结果产生影响。未来研究应纳入更全面的协变量,并结合质性研究探讨机制与实施过程。由于伦理和现实条件限制,本研究缺乏平行对照组,因此无法排除疾病自然病程、治疗方案差异等混杂因素的影响,观察到的改善趋势仅能表明与该管理实践的相关性,而非直接的因果关系。虽然LMM模型利用信息借用机制补偿了后期样本量减少的影响,但未来仍需开展随访周期更长、对照设计更严谨的队列研究来进一步验证结论。
以SGA-LAIs为核心的社区管理,使严重精神障碍患者精神症状、社会功能及照顾者负担均呈现持续改善趋势。这一管理模式与积极结局相关联,提示高龄与女性患者需加强个体化支持。
  • 国际科技重大专项(20242D0524700)
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2026年第53卷第14期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509382
  • 接收时间:2025-09-23
  • 首发时间:2026-09-28
  • 出版时间:2026-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-23
基金
国际科技重大专项(20242D0524700)
作者信息
    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生政策与管理学系,四川 成都 610041
    2.成都中医药大学管理学院
    3.四川省精神医学中心
    4.自贡市精神卫生中心
    5.四川省精神卫生中心

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蒋莉华,E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202509382
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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