Article(id=1324070895760842992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324070892967428793, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505185, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1747152000000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793612701597, onlineDateStr=2026-11-02, pubDate=1766592000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793612701597, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793612701597, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793612701597, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1324070892967428793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='24', pageStart='4417', pageEnd='4608', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1766592000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793612700931, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793612772549, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1324071193430602023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324070892967428793, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1324071193430602024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1324070892967428793, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=4436, endPage=4442, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1324070896247382257, articleId=1324070895760842992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Impact of physical activity structure on phenotypic age acceleration in older adults using compositional data analysis, columnId=1228016567443718970, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods Advances, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

This study aims to explore the effects of total physical activity (PA) and its structural composition on phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) in older adults, providing a scientific basis for intervening in aging through optimizing PA structure.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 7 016 older adults aged 60 years and above from the West China Health and Aging Cohort Study. Weekly PA levels and their domain-specific proportions (work, transportation, recreation) were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire-2 (GPAQ-2). PhenoAgeAccel was calculated as the residual of chronological age regressed on PhenoAge. Multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze the effects of total PA on PhenoAgeAccel, controlling for demographic characteristics, anthropometric indices, lifestyle factors, and chronic diseases, followed by subgroup analyses. Isometric log-ratio transformation (ILR) in compositional data analysis (CoDA) and isotemporal substitution model were applied to analyze the effects of the proportion of different PA types.

Results

Total PA was negatively correlated with PhenoAgeAccel. Each 1-standard deviation increase in total PA was associated with a 0.32-year reduction in PhenoAgeAccel (β=-0.32, 95% CI: -0.46 - -0.18). Subgroup analyses showed that increasing PA could more effectively delay aging in elderly individuals aged 60 - 70 years, those with obesity, non-smokers, and those with baseline hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia. There were differential contributions among PA types. When 1% of leisure activity replaced work activity, PhenoAgeAccel decreased by 0.031 years (β=-0.031, 95% CI: -0.057 - -0.006). When 1% of leisure activity replaced transport activity, PhenoAgeAccel decreased by 0.034 years (β=-0.034, 95% CI: -0.059 - -0.010). The substitution effect between the proportion of work activity and that of transport activity was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Increasing total PA and optimizing PA types can slow down PhenoAgeAccel, and recreation activities replacing work or transport activities have prominent effects in delaying aging. Promoting a physical activity pattern centered on recreational activities is recommended to reduce the risk of aging-related diseases.

, authors=Shuang JIANG1, Lin HU1, Hua-ying CHENG1, Xin YAO2, Lu LONG1, Jia-qiang LIAO1, Xia JIANG1, Tao ZHANG1, Jia-yuan LI1, authorsList=Shuang JIANG, Lin HU, Hua-ying CHENG, Xin YAO, Lu LONG, Jia-qiang LIAO, Xia JIANG, Tao ZHANG, Jia-yuan LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xin YAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1324070897270792436, articleId=1324070895760842992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=基于成分数据分析的老年人群体力活动类型对表型生物年龄加速的影响, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

本研究旨在探讨老年人群体力活动(PA)总量及其不同类型对表型生物年龄加速(PhenoAgeAccel)的影响,为通过优化PA类型干预衰老提供科学依据。

方法

纳入华西健康增龄队列基线调查数据7 016名60岁及以上老年人开展横断面研究,采用全球体力活动问卷-2(GPAQ-2)评估每周PA水平及其类型占比。以临床表型生物年龄与实际年龄差值表征PhenoAgeAccel,控制人口学特征、人体测量指标、生活方式及慢性疾病等潜在混杂因素,采用多元线性回归分析体力活动总量PhenoAgeAccel的影响,并进行亚组分析。采用成分数据分析(CoDA)中的等距对数比转换(ILR)及等时替代模型分析PA 类型占比的效应。

结果

PA总量与PhenoAgeAccel 呈负相关,PA 总量每增加1 个标准差,PhenoAgeAccel 降低0.32 岁(β=-0.32,95% CI:-0.46~-0.18)。亚组分析显示,60~70岁、肥胖、不吸烟及合并基线高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常的老年人中,增加体力活动量能更有效延缓衰老。PA类型贡献存在差异,增加1%休闲活动替代工作活动,PhenoAgeAccel 降低0.031 岁(β=-0.031,95% CI:-0.057~-0.006);增加1%休闲活动替代交通活动,PhenoAgeAccel 降低0.034 岁(β=-0.034,95% CI: -0.059~-0.010);工作活动占比与交通活动占比的替代效应无统计学意义。

结论

增加PA总量并优化体力活动类型可减缓PhenoAgeAccel,休闲类活动替代工作或交通活动的延缓衰老效果突出。建议推广以休闲活动为主的体力活动模式,降低衰老相关疾病风险。

, authors=姜双1, 胡琳1, 程华英1, 姚歆2, 龙璐1, 廖加强1, 姜侠1, 张韬1, 李佳圆1, authorsList=姜双, 胡琳, 程华英, 姚歆, 龙璐, 廖加强, 姜侠, 张韬, 李佳圆, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=姚歆, authorNote=

姜双(2002—),女,本科在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

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姚歆,E-mail:
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Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2025, 132: 105785., articleTitle=Association between biological aging and cardiovascular health: Combined evidence based on cross-sectional and prospective study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324070910763868515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Jordakieva G, Hasenoehrl T, Steiner M, journalName=Front Med(Lausanne), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jordakieva G, Hasenoehrl T, Steiner M, et al. Occupational physical activity: the good, the bad, and the proinflammatory [J]. Front Med(Lausanne), 2023, 10: 1253951., articleTitle=Occupational physical activity: the good, the bad, and the proinflammatory, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1324070910839365988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=78, issue=2, pageStart=86, pageEnd=91, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Lee J, Kim HR, Jang TW, journalName=Occupational and Environmental Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee J, Kim HR, Jang TW, et al. Occupational physical activity, not leisure-time physical activity, is associated with increased high-sensitivity C reactive protein levels [J]. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2021, 78 (2): 86-91., articleTitle=Occupational physical activity, not leisure-time physical activity, is associated with increased high-sensitivity C reactive protein levels, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1324070905709732155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, awardId=2022YFC3600600, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发项目(2022YFC3600600), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324070905772646716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, awardId=2024ZYD0102; 2025YFHZ0069, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省科技厅项目(2024ZYD0102; 2025YFHZ0069), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324070905873310013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, awardId=2024-YF05-01784-SN, language=CN, fundingSource=成都市科技局项目(2024-YF05-01784-SN), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1324070906028499262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, awardId=SYYXH202403, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省预防医学会项目(SYYXH202403), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1324070897602142453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324070897618919670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, companyId=1324070897602142453, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324070897627308279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, companyId=1324070897602142453, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1324070899191783672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1324070899204366585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, companyId=1324070899191783672, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.四川省卫生健康信息中心(四川省健康医疗大数据中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1324070904468218159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Participant screening process for the baseline survey of the West China Health and Aging Cohort Study, figureFileSmall=TrOkqr1COyAd4rOJrmNU+Q==, figureFileBig=9XP66Lt4QQQuBHBAj57QeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324070904564687152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=CN, label=图1, caption=华西健康增龄队列基线调查参与者筛选流程, figureFileSmall=TrOkqr1COyAd4rOJrmNU+Q==, figureFileBig=9XP66Lt4QQQuBHBAj57QeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1324070904778596657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Baseline characteristics of study participants [M (P25,P75)/n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征总体
(n=7 016)
低PA组
(n=244)
中PA组
(n=579)
高PA组
(n=6 193)
P值
表型生物年龄(岁)66.13(60.56,72.42)68.33(62.28,75.27)67.41(61.76,74.23)65.92(60.42,72.19)<0.001
表型生物年龄加速(岁)-2.91(-6.36,1.01)-1.91(-5.33,2.99)-2.32(-5.77,1.59)-3.00(-6.44,0.85)<0.001
PA总量(MET-min/week)3 360.00(1 840.00,5 610.00)420.00(280.00,488.00)840.00(840.00,990.00)3 780.00(2 520.00,5 880.00)<0.001
年龄(岁)68.00(65.00,73.00)69.00(66.00,75.00)69.00(66.00,74.00)68.00(65.00,72.00)<0.001
性别<0.001
男性3 073(43.80)125(51.23)320(55.27)2 628(42.43)
女性3 943(56.20)119(48.77)259(44.73)3 565(57.56)
教育程度<0.01
未正规上学2 623(37.39)106(43.44)196(33.85)2 321(37.48)
小学1 812(25.83)66(27.05)168(29.02)1 578(25.48)
初中2 013(28.69)62(25.41)153(26.42)1 798(29.03)
高中及以上568(8.10)10(4.10)62(10.71)496(8.01)
婚姻状况0.52
已婚5 752(82.98)197(80.74)484(83.59)5 071(81.88)
其他(未婚/离异/丧偶)1 264(18.01)47(19.26)95(16.41)1 122(18.12)
个人可支配收入0.76
低收入3 128(44.58)113(46.31)263(45.42)2 752(44.44)
中等收入3 559(50.73)117(47.95)293(50.60)3 149(50.85)
高收入329(4.69)14(5.74)23(3.97)292(4.72)
BMI分类0.60
体重过轻(<18.5 kg/m2)177(2.52)5(2.05)16(2.76)156(2.52)
正常(18.5~24.9 kg/m2)3 872(55.18)150(61.48)311(53.71)3 411(55.08)
超重(25~29.9kg/m2)2 620(37.34)78(31.97 )222(38.34)2 320(37.46)
肥胖(>30 kg/m2)347(4.95)11(4.51)30(5.18)306(4.94)
吸烟包年0.00(0.00,0.00)0.00(0.00,0.00)0.00(0.00,0.00)0.00(0.00,0.00)<0.001
饮酒情况<0.001
不喝酒或很少喝酒5 572(79.42)189(77.45)407(70.29)4 976(80.35)
经常饮酒1 444(20.58)55(22.54)172(29.71)1 217(19.65)
慢性病情况
糖尿病703(10.02)32(13.11)69(11.92)602(9.72)0.06
高血脂763(10.88)35(14.34)74(12.78)654(10.56)0.05
高血压1 475(21.02)57(23.36)130(22.45)1 288(20.80)0.43
), ArticleFig(id=1324070904879259954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象的基线特征[M (P25,P75)/n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征总体
(n=7 016)
低PA组
(n=244)
中PA组
(n=579)
高PA组
(n=6 193)
P值
表型生物年龄(岁)66.13(60.56,72.42)68.33(62.28,75.27)67.41(61.76,74.23)65.92(60.42,72.19)<0.001
表型生物年龄加速(岁)-2.91(-6.36,1.01)-1.91(-5.33,2.99)-2.32(-5.77,1.59)-3.00(-6.44,0.85)<0.001
PA总量(MET-min/week)3 360.00(1 840.00,5 610.00)420.00(280.00,488.00)840.00(840.00,990.00)3 780.00(2 520.00,5 880.00)<0.001
年龄(岁)68.00(65.00,73.00)69.00(66.00,75.00)69.00(66.00,74.00)68.00(65.00,72.00)<0.001
性别<0.001
男性3 073(43.80)125(51.23)320(55.27)2 628(42.43)
女性3 943(56.20)119(48.77)259(44.73)3 565(57.56)
教育程度<0.01
未正规上学2 623(37.39)106(43.44)196(33.85)2 321(37.48)
小学1 812(25.83)66(27.05)168(29.02)1 578(25.48)
初中2 013(28.69)62(25.41)153(26.42)1 798(29.03)
高中及以上568(8.10)10(4.10)62(10.71)496(8.01)
婚姻状况0.52
已婚5 752(82.98)197(80.74)484(83.59)5 071(81.88)
其他(未婚/离异/丧偶)1 264(18.01)47(19.26)95(16.41)1 122(18.12)
个人可支配收入0.76
低收入3 128(44.58)113(46.31)263(45.42)2 752(44.44)
中等收入3 559(50.73)117(47.95)293(50.60)3 149(50.85)
高收入329(4.69)14(5.74)23(3.97)292(4.72)
BMI分类0.60
体重过轻(<18.5 kg/m2)177(2.52)5(2.05)16(2.76)156(2.52)
正常(18.5~24.9 kg/m2)3 872(55.18)150(61.48)311(53.71)3 411(55.08)
超重(25~29.9kg/m2)2 620(37.34)78(31.97 )222(38.34)2 320(37.46)
肥胖(>30 kg/m2)347(4.95)11(4.51)30(5.18)306(4.94)
吸烟包年0.00(0.00,0.00)0.00(0.00,0.00)0.00(0.00,0.00)0.00(0.00,0.00)<0.001
饮酒情况<0.001
不喝酒或很少喝酒5 572(79.42)189(77.45)407(70.29)4 976(80.35)
经常饮酒1 444(20.58)55(22.54)172(29.71)1 217(19.65)
慢性病情况
糖尿病703(10.02)32(13.11)69(11.92)602(9.72)0.06
高血脂763(10.88)35(14.34)74(12.78)654(10.56)0.05
高血压1 475(21.02)57(23.36)130(22.45)1 288(20.80)0.43
), ArticleFig(id=1324070904975728947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Results of correlation analysis of total PA and different types of PA with PhenoAge acceleration(r)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标PA总量工作活动占比交通活动占比休闲活动占比年龄表型年龄表型生物年龄加速
PA总量1.000.32a-0.35a0.08a-0.12a-0.13a-0.08a
工作活动占比1.00-0.82a-0.21a-0.10a-0.10a-0.05a
交通活动占比1.00-0.38a0.12a0.13a0.08a
休闲活动占比1.00-0.04a-0.06a-0.05a
年龄1.000.72a0.15a
表型年龄1.000.75a
表型生物年龄加速1.00
), ArticleFig(id=1324070905072197940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

PA总量及不同类型PA与表型生物年龄加速的关联性分析结果(r)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标PA总量工作活动占比交通活动占比休闲活动占比年龄表型年龄表型生物年龄加速
PA总量1.000.32a-0.35a0.08a-0.12a-0.13a-0.08a
工作活动占比1.00-0.82a-0.21a-0.10a-0.10a-0.05a
交通活动占比1.00-0.38a0.12a0.13a0.08a
休闲活动占比1.00-0.04a-0.06a-0.05a
年龄1.000.72a0.15a
表型年龄1.000.75a
表型生物年龄加速1.00
), ArticleFig(id=1324070905164472629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Multiple linear regression analysis of total PA and PhenoAgeAccel

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1a模型2b模型3c
β (95% CI)P值β (95% CI)P值β (95% CI)P值
PA总量-0.39(-0.53~-0.24)<0.001-0.37(-0.55~-0.23)<0.001-0.32(-0.46~-0.18)<0.001
PA总量分组(ref:低PA组)
中PA组-0.34(-1.27~0.59)0.479-0.34(-1.27~0.58)0.468-0.31(-1.20~0.59)0.502
高PA组-0.91(-1.70~-0.11)0.026-0.89(-1.69~-0.10)0.027-0.74(-1.51~0.02)0.058
P for trend0.0030.0040.014
), ArticleFig(id=1324070905239970102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

PA总量与PhenoAgeAccel的多元线性回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1a模型2b模型3c
β (95% CI)P值β (95% CI)P值β (95% CI)P值
PA总量-0.39(-0.53~-0.24)<0.001-0.37(-0.55~-0.23)<0.001-0.32(-0.46~-0.18)<0.001
PA总量分组(ref:低PA组)
中PA组-0.34(-1.27~0.59)0.479-0.34(-1.27~0.58)0.468-0.31(-1.20~0.59)0.502
高PA组-0.91(-1.70~-0.11)0.026-0.89(-1.69~-0.10)0.027-0.74(-1.51~0.02)0.058
P for trend0.0030.0040.014
), ArticleFig(id=1324070905315467575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of subgroup analysis of total PA and PhenoAgeAccel

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量样本量β值(95% CI)SEP值
年龄分组
60~704 088-0.06(-0.09~-0.03)0.01<0.001
70~802 179-0.05(-0.10~0.00)0.030.05
80~301-0.05(-0.24~0.14)0.100.58
性别
女性3 073-0.05(-0.08~-0.01)0.02<0.01
男性3 943-0.05(-0.08~-0.02)0.02<0.01
BMI分类
体重过轻177-0.01(-0.14~0.12)0.070.88
正常3 872-0.05(-0.08~-0.02)0.05<0.01
超重2 620-0.06(-0.09~-0.02)0.02<0.01
肥胖347-0.16(-0.27~-0.04)0.06<0.05
吸烟包年
不吸烟6 061-0.05(-0.08~-0.03)0.01<0.001
轻度吸烟(<20)412-0.03(-0.16~0.09)0.060.59
重度吸烟543-0.05(-0.12~0.02)0.030.14
基线高血压
阳性1 457-0.10(-0.17~-0.04)0.03<0.01
阴性5 541-0.04(-0.07~-0.02)0.01<0.001
基线糖尿病
阳性703-0.19(-0.32~-0.06)0.01<0.01
阴性6 313-0.05(-0.07~-0.02)0.06<0.001
基线血脂异常
阳性763-0.12(-0.21~-0.03)0.01<0.01
阴性6 253-0.05(-0.07~-0.03)0.05<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324070905437102392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

PA总量与PhenoAgeAccel的亚组分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量样本量β值(95% CI)SEP值
年龄分组
60~704 088-0.06(-0.09~-0.03)0.01<0.001
70~802 179-0.05(-0.10~0.00)0.030.05
80~301-0.05(-0.24~0.14)0.100.58
性别
女性3 073-0.05(-0.08~-0.01)0.02<0.01
男性3 943-0.05(-0.08~-0.02)0.02<0.01
BMI分类
体重过轻177-0.01(-0.14~0.12)0.070.88
正常3 872-0.05(-0.08~-0.02)0.05<0.01
超重2 620-0.06(-0.09~-0.02)0.02<0.01
肥胖347-0.16(-0.27~-0.04)0.06<0.05
吸烟包年
不吸烟6 061-0.05(-0.08~-0.03)0.01<0.001
轻度吸烟(<20)412-0.03(-0.16~0.09)0.060.59
重度吸烟543-0.05(-0.12~0.02)0.030.14
基线高血压
阳性1 457-0.10(-0.17~-0.04)0.03<0.01
阴性5 541-0.04(-0.07~-0.02)0.01<0.001
基线糖尿病
阳性703-0.19(-0.32~-0.06)0.01<0.01
阴性6 313-0.05(-0.07~-0.02)0.06<0.001
基线血脂异常
阳性763-0.12(-0.21~-0.03)0.01<0.01
阴性6 253-0.05(-0.07~-0.03)0.05<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1324070905520988473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Effects of 1% reallocation between proportions of work, transportation, and recreation activities on PhenoAgeAccel

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
增加变量减少变量
工作活动占比交通活动占比休闲活动占比
β(95% CI)Pβ(95% CI)Pβ(95% CI)P
工作活动占比---0.002 7(-0.005 5~0.000 1)0.054 80.051 3(0.011 5~0.091 0)0.011 5c
交通活动占比0.002 7(-0.000 1~0.005 6)0.062 0--0.053 9(0.014 8~0.093 0)0.006 9b
休闲活动占比-0.031 4(-0.056 7~-0.006 2)0.014 8c-0.034 2(-0.058 8~-0.009 6)0.006 4b--
), ArticleFig(id=1324070905613263162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1324070895760842992, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

工作活动占比、交通活动占比、休闲活动占比之间重新分配1%对PhenoAgeAccel的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
增加变量减少变量
工作活动占比交通活动占比休闲活动占比
β(95% CI)Pβ(95% CI)Pβ(95% CI)P
工作活动占比---0.002 7(-0.005 5~0.000 1)0.054 80.051 3(0.011 5~0.091 0)0.011 5c
交通活动占比0.002 7(-0.000 1~0.005 6)0.062 0--0.053 9(0.014 8~0.093 0)0.006 9b
休闲活动占比-0.031 4(-0.056 7~-0.006 2)0.014 8c-0.034 2(-0.058 8~-0.009 6)0.006 4b--
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基于成分数据分析的老年人群体力活动类型对表型生物年龄加速的影响
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姜双 1 , 胡琳 1 , 程华英 1 , 姚歆 2 , 龙璐 1 , 廖加强 1 , 姜侠 1 , 张韬 1 , 李佳圆 1
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025,52(24): 4436-4442
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现代预防医学 |流行病与统计方法 2025 , 52 (24) : 4436 -4442
基于成分数据分析的老年人群体力活动类型对表型生物年龄加速的影响
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姜双1, 胡琳1, 程华英1, 姚歆2 , 龙璐1, 廖加强1, 姜侠1, 张韬1, 李佳圆1
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
  • 2.四川省卫生健康信息中心(四川省健康医疗大数据中心
通讯作者:
姚歆,E-mail:
作者简介:

姜双(2002—),女,本科在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

Impact of physical activity structure on phenotypic age acceleration in older adults using compositional data analysis
Shuang JIANG1, Lin HU1, Hua-ying CHENG1, Xin YAO2 , Lu LONG1, Jia-qiang LIAO1, Xia JIANG1, Tao ZHANG1, Jia-yuan LI1
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2025-12-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505185
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目的

本研究旨在探讨老年人群体力活动(PA)总量及其不同类型对表型生物年龄加速(PhenoAgeAccel)的影响,为通过优化PA类型干预衰老提供科学依据。

方法

纳入华西健康增龄队列基线调查数据7 016名60岁及以上老年人开展横断面研究,采用全球体力活动问卷-2(GPAQ-2)评估每周PA水平及其类型占比。以临床表型生物年龄与实际年龄差值表征PhenoAgeAccel,控制人口学特征、人体测量指标、生活方式及慢性疾病等潜在混杂因素,采用多元线性回归分析体力活动总量PhenoAgeAccel的影响,并进行亚组分析。采用成分数据分析(CoDA)中的等距对数比转换(ILR)及等时替代模型分析PA 类型占比的效应。

结果

PA总量与PhenoAgeAccel 呈负相关,PA 总量每增加1 个标准差,PhenoAgeAccel 降低0.32 岁(β=-0.32,95% CI:-0.46~-0.18)。亚组分析显示,60~70岁、肥胖、不吸烟及合并基线高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常的老年人中,增加体力活动量能更有效延缓衰老。PA类型贡献存在差异,增加1%休闲活动替代工作活动,PhenoAgeAccel 降低0.031 岁(β=-0.031,95% CI:-0.057~-0.006);增加1%休闲活动替代交通活动,PhenoAgeAccel 降低0.034 岁(β=-0.034,95% CI: -0.059~-0.010);工作活动占比与交通活动占比的替代效应无统计学意义。

结论

增加PA总量并优化体力活动类型可减缓PhenoAgeAccel,休闲类活动替代工作或交通活动的延缓衰老效果突出。建议推广以休闲活动为主的体力活动模式,降低衰老相关疾病风险。

体力活动  /  表型生物年龄加速  /  成分数据分析  /  老年人群
Objective

This study aims to explore the effects of total physical activity (PA) and its structural composition on phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) in older adults, providing a scientific basis for intervening in aging through optimizing PA structure.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 7 016 older adults aged 60 years and above from the West China Health and Aging Cohort Study. Weekly PA levels and their domain-specific proportions (work, transportation, recreation) were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire-2 (GPAQ-2). PhenoAgeAccel was calculated as the residual of chronological age regressed on PhenoAge. Multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze the effects of total PA on PhenoAgeAccel, controlling for demographic characteristics, anthropometric indices, lifestyle factors, and chronic diseases, followed by subgroup analyses. Isometric log-ratio transformation (ILR) in compositional data analysis (CoDA) and isotemporal substitution model were applied to analyze the effects of the proportion of different PA types.

Results

Total PA was negatively correlated with PhenoAgeAccel. Each 1-standard deviation increase in total PA was associated with a 0.32-year reduction in PhenoAgeAccel (β=-0.32, 95% CI: -0.46 - -0.18). Subgroup analyses showed that increasing PA could more effectively delay aging in elderly individuals aged 60 - 70 years, those with obesity, non-smokers, and those with baseline hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia. There were differential contributions among PA types. When 1% of leisure activity replaced work activity, PhenoAgeAccel decreased by 0.031 years (β=-0.031, 95% CI: -0.057 - -0.006). When 1% of leisure activity replaced transport activity, PhenoAgeAccel decreased by 0.034 years (β=-0.034, 95% CI: -0.059 - -0.010). The substitution effect between the proportion of work activity and that of transport activity was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Increasing total PA and optimizing PA types can slow down PhenoAgeAccel, and recreation activities replacing work or transport activities have prominent effects in delaying aging. Promoting a physical activity pattern centered on recreational activities is recommended to reduce the risk of aging-related diseases.

Physical activity  /  Phenotypic age acceleration  /  Compositional data analysis  /  Older adults
姜双, 胡琳, 程华英, 姚歆, 龙璐, 廖加强, 姜侠, 张韬, 李佳圆. 基于成分数据分析的老年人群体力活动类型对表型生物年龄加速的影响. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (24) : 4436 -4442 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505185
Shuang JIANG, Lin HU, Hua-ying CHENG, Xin YAO, Lu LONG, Jia-qiang LIAO, Xia JIANG, Tao ZHANG, Jia-yuan LI. Impact of physical activity structure on phenotypic age acceleration in older adults using compositional data analysis[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (24) : 4436 -4442 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505185
随着全球人口老龄化进程的加快,截至2024年,中国65岁以上老年人口已达2.20亿,老龄化相关疾病成为公共卫生领域的重大挑战[1]。然而,实际年龄相同的个体,可能因不同的生活经历产生不同的生物衰老和健康结果[2]。近年来,表型生物年龄(Phenotypic Age,PhenoAge)和表型生物年龄加速(Phenotypic Age Acceleration,PhenoAgeAccel)作为生物衰老的新指标得到了广泛的研究。PhenoAge为一种新型生物学衰老指标,相较于实际年龄,更能精准反映个体生理衰老进程[3]。 PhenoAgeAccel作为PhenoAge与实际年龄的差值,通过整合免疫、炎症等相关临床表型构建生物年龄模型,进一步量化个体相对于同龄人的相对衰老水平,被证实与慢性疾病风险、全因死亡率密切相关[4]。体力活动(Physical Activity,PA)作为可干预的核心生活方式因素,其对生物衰老的调控作用在欧美已有证据,但现有研究多以欧美人群为主体[5-7],而中国老年人群的体力活动模式与其不同,亟需针对中国老年人群的研究验证。基于此,本研究纳入华西健康增龄队列基线调查数据,采用CoDA成分数据分析方法,系统探讨PA总量及类型(工作、交通、休闲)与PhenoAgeAccel的关联,以期为中国老年人群通过优化体力活动类型延缓生物衰老提供科学依据。
数据来源于华西健康增龄队列(原华西老年人群健康队列)基线调查[8]。基线评估于2022年5月至2023年12月进行,包括10 626名年龄在54岁或以上的社区居民,参与者纳入标准:(i)知情同意;(ii)在调查区域内居住≥12个月;(iii)无严重残疾;(iv)表达和理解能力正常。数据采集涵盖问卷调查、体格检查及生物标志物检测等多个方面。在这些参与者中,8 108名完成体力活动专项评估。排除60岁以下181名、问卷数据异常383名、问卷数据缺失33名、生物年龄计算指标缺失490名,最终确定7 016名参与者纳入研究,研究经伦理委员会批准(HXSY-EC-2022034)。完整筛选流程详见图1。
本研究采用全球身体活动问卷版本-2(GPAQ-2)对PA进行评估[9]。总体PA水平被计算为[中等强度的休闲时间活动分钟数×中等强度的休闲时间天数] + [剧烈强度的休闲时间活动分钟数×剧烈强度的休闲时间天数],中等强度PA(MPA)被分配4.0METs,而剧烈强度PA(VPA)被分配8.0METs[9]。PA被细分为工作、交通和休闲活动三种类型,各类型占比通过占比值来表示,以此深入探究PA类型的影响[10],同时参与者根据PA水平不同被划分为低(<600)、中(600-1 200)和高(≥1 200 MET-min/week)PA组[9]。
采用Levine等人开发的二代时钟计算PhenoAgeAccel。PhenoAge作为评估个体生物学年龄的重要指标,其构建基于实际年龄和白蛋白、肌酐、葡萄糖、淋巴细胞百分比等9个临床生物标志物,能够更准确地反映个体的生理状态与实际年龄之间的差异。本研究数据中缺失C反应蛋白,故参考既往文献计算生物年龄时忽略该变量[11]。PhenoAgeAccel计算为实际年龄回归PhenoAge的残差,可用于衡量个体的老化速度[12]。
协变量的选择基于可能影响PA的常规因素以及潜在的混杂因素[7, 13]。包括人口统计学因素(年龄、性别、受教育水平、婚姻状况和个人可支配收入);人体测量指标(BMI,kg/m2);生活方式因素(吸烟包年、饮酒状况);及慢性疾病(基线高血压、基线糖尿病、基线血脂异常)。
为所有变量生成描述性统计。使用Shapiro - Wilk检验评估连续变量的正态性,对于不符合正态分布的连续变量以中位数(四分位数间距)表示,使用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验;分类变量以频数(百分比)描述,使用χ2检验。统计分析前,对连续变量(PA总量、年龄、吸烟包年)进行Z-score标准化(均值为0,标准差为1)。采用Spearman相关分析PA与PhenoAgeAccel的关联。采用多元线性回归模型逐步控制人口学特征(模型1)、BMI与生活方式(模型2)、慢性疾病(模型3),分析PA总量对PhenoAgeAccel的独立效应。同时对基线膳食数据进行敏感性分析,评估膳食因素对上述关联的潜在混杂影响。
对于PA类型占比(工作、交通、休闲活动占比,三者总和为100%,属于成分数据),采用CoDA成分数据分析方法[14]。利用等距对数比转换(isometric log-ratio,ILR)将工作、交通、休闲活动占比转换为相互独立的变量(消除单形空间限制),采用成分几何均值描述成分数据的集中趋势,使用成分等距对数比描述成分数据的离散程度,探究工作、交通、休闲活动占比之间重新分配1%对表型生物年龄加速的影响。本研究使用R4.5.0软件中Compositions完成,显著性水平设为双侧P<0.05。
研究最终纳入7 016名老年人,年龄中位数为66.13岁(60.56 ,72.42),女性占56.20%,低、中、高PA组分别为244、579和6 193人,组间基线特征存在差异。连续性变量方面,低PA组表型生物年龄中位数为68.33岁(62.28 ,75.27),高于中PA组的67.41岁(61.76 ,74.23)及高PA组的65.92岁(60.42 ,72.19)。PhenoAgeAccel中位数为-2.91岁(-6.36 ,1.01),其中高PA组最低为-3.00岁(-6.44 ,-0.85),低PA组最高为-1.91岁(-5.33 ,2.99)。分类变量中,性别分布存在差异,低PA组男性占比51.23%,中PA组为55.27%,高PA组为42.43%。教育程度、吸烟包年及饮酒情况在三组间存在差异(P<0.01)。结果见表1。
Spearman相关分析结果显示,PA总量与PhenoAgeAccel呈负相关(r=-0.08,P<0.001),工作活动占比(r=-0.05,P<0.001)、休闲活动占比(r=-0.05,P<0.001)与PhenoAgeAccel也呈负相关。与之相反,交通活动占比与PhenoAgeAccel呈正相关(r=0.08,P<0.001)。结果见表2。
利用多元线性回归模型,通过逐步纳入协变量,PA总量的效应值得到了相应校正。调整协变量后结果显示,PA总量每增加1个标准差,PhenoAgeAccel降低0.32岁(β=-0.32,95% CI: -0.46~-0.18)。与低PA组相比,高PA组降低PhenoAgeAccel效应更强。敏感性分析显示,未控制膳食因素时结果稳健。本研究中VIF均小于1.5,不存在严重的多重共线性问题,结果较为可靠。结果见表3。
按年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟包年以及慢性病基线情况进行亚组分析[15-16],结果显示PA总量对PhenoAgeAccel的影响存在人群异质性:60~70岁人群中,PA总量每增加1个标准差,PhenoAgeAccel降低0.06岁(β=-0.06,95% CI: -0.09~-0.03),70岁以上人群效应减弱或消失;女性(β=-0.05,95% CI: -0.08~-0.01)与男性(β=-0.05,95% CI: -0.08~-0.02)效应一致;肥胖人群效应最强(β=-0.06,95% CI: -0.27~-0.04),体重过轻人群效应无统计学意义;不吸烟人群PA可延缓衰老(β=-0.05,95% CI: -0.08~-0.03),吸烟者效应无统计学意义;合并基线高血压(β=-0.10,95% CI: -0.17~-0.04)、基线糖尿病(β=-0.19,95% CI: -0.32~-0.06)、基线血脂异常(β=-0.12,95% CI: -0.21~-0.03)的慢性病患者负向关联强于无慢性病者,其中糖尿病患者的负向效应最强。结果见表4。
报告工作、交通、休闲活动相互替代1%对PhenoAgeAccel的影响。用1%的休闲活动替代工作、交通与PhenoAgeAccel降低相关;1%的工作活动占比替代休闲活动占比与PhenoAgeAccel增加相关。而工作和交通相互替代与PhenoAgeAccel增加无关,结果见表5。
本研究发现PA总量增加与PhenoAgeAccel的降低有关,与Fox等及Kresovich等研究一致[5-6],提示其可能是延缓生物衰老的保护因素。其机制可能与PA增加端粒酶活性、调节炎症因子(抑制慢性炎症)及改善身心健康有关[17-20]亚组分析进一步揭示了体力活动效应的人群异质性。60~70岁老年人可能因生理功能较好,效应更明显[21];肥胖人群或通过改善代谢、减少炎症增强抗衰作用;合并高血压、糖尿病者可能经改善胰岛素抵抗、甘油三酯水平等更有效减缓表型年龄加速[22]。
CoDA分析揭示了PA类型的差异化效应,1%休闲活动替代工作或交通活动,PhenoAgeAccel分别降低0.031岁和0.034岁,显示出较为稳定的延缓效应,这与Flávio等人、Wu等人的研究结果一致[23-24]。此外,休闲活动(如太极拳、游泳等)规律适度,能改善心肺功能、增强肌肉耐力[25],促进线粒体功能优化和端粒保护[26];还可通过社交互动降低皮质醇分泌,延缓生物衰老[27]。用交通活动替代休闲活动时,PhenoAgeAccel升高(β=0.054,95% CI:0.015~0.093),这与HAN等人的研究结果一致[28]。本研究中交通活动多为步行或骑行,短期暴露于交通相关空气污染与心血管不良结局相关[29],交通活动常暴露于空气污染,可能抵消活动本身的益处[30-31]。工作活动与交通活动之间相互替代1%时,对PhenoAgeAccel的影响未达到统计学显著性,可能是因为两者为“任务驱动”行为,而非自主选择的休闲行为,削弱活动益处。既往研究显示适度工作活动可降低循环炎症标志物[32],但久坐型和高强度工作活动可导致代谢紊乱、氧化应激,激活炎症通路,加速细胞衰老,增加全因死亡的风险[33],其健康效应需未来研究进一步拆解。
本研究采用的是横断面设计,只能在一个时间点上对研究对象进行观察和测量,无法明确PA类型与PhenoAgeAccel之间的因果关系。此外,尽管GPAQ-2已在各种人群中得到验证,但其数据多依赖于参与者的自我报告,存在测量和回忆偏差,可能不如加速度计数据准确;且GPAQ-2没有收集轻度强度的PA(METs <4)以及持续时间少于10分钟的活动数据。未来的研究可以采用纵向研究设计,对研究对象进行长期跟踪随访,更准确地探究两者之间的因果联系。
老年人群中,增加PA总量可减缓PhenoAgeAccel,尤其对60~70岁、肥胖及合并慢性病者更有益;活动类型上,休闲活动替代工作或交通活动的延缓衰老效应稳定,交通活动替代休闲则可能加速衰老,工作与交通活动相互替代无统计学意义。建议推广以休闲活动为核心的模式,尤其在上述人群中结合慢性病管理,助力健康老龄化。
  • 国家重点研发项目(2022YFC3600600)
  • 四川省科技厅项目(2024ZYD0102; 2025YFHZ0069)
  • 成都市科技局项目(2024-YF05-01784-SN)
  • 四川省预防医学会项目(SYYXH202403)
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2025年第52卷第24期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202505185
  • 接收时间:2025-05-14
  • 首发时间:2026-11-02
  • 出版时间:2025-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-14
基金
国家重点研发项目(2022YFC3600600)
四川省科技厅项目(2024ZYD0102; 2025YFHZ0069)
成都市科技局项目(2024-YF05-01784-SN)
四川省预防医学会项目(SYYXH202403)
作者信息
    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
    2.四川省卫生健康信息中心(四川省健康医疗大数据中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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