Article(id=1322590108432322615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322589954702688372, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408328, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1723996800000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793259654386, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1736438400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793259654386, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793259654386, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793259654386, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322589954702688372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1736438400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793259617734, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793260023378, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322591656147276425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322589954702688372, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322591656147276426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322589954702688372, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=75, endPage=81, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322590108738506808, articleId=1322590108432322615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis and prediction of the disease burden attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China from 1990 to 2021, columnId=1322590037062038059, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent Health, Maternaland Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the disease burden attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China from 1990 to 2021, examine the trends of this burden, and predict the situation from 2022 to 2050 to guide future public health policies and interventions.

Methods

Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, the study selected indicators such as the number of breast cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high BMI among postmenopausal women in China. Join point regression models were employed to analyze trends in mortality rates and DALYs, while age-period-cohort models were used to explore the effects of different ages, periods, and birth cohorts. The Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) package was applied to predict future disease burden trends.

Results

From 1990 to 2021, the overall disease burden of breast cancer attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China showed an increasing trend, with the number of deaths rising by 439.28% and DALYs by 441.27%. Both the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALYs rate increased (with average annual percent changes of 23.1% and 27.0%, respectively, P<0.001). The age-standardized mortality rate peaked at over 95 years, while the age-standardized DALYs rate peaked in the age group of 55 to 60.

Conclusion

The disease burden of breast cancer attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China shows a continuous upward trend, with increases in mortality and DALYs rates surpassing global averages. It is anticipated that this burden will continue to rise over the next thirty years. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen the prevention and control of overweight and obesity among postmenopausal women in China, enhance breast cancer screening rates, and implement targeted health education and public health interventions.

, authors=Yi-juan HE1, 2, Zhi ZENG2, Si-nian CHEN2, Di LU2, Di ZHU2, Dan XU1, Yi-xuan LI1, Lu-jue GAO1, authorsList=Yi-juan HE, Zhi ZENG, Si-nian CHEN, Di LU, Di ZHU, Dan XU, Yi-xuan LI, Lu-jue GAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhi ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322590111766794303, articleId=1322590108432322615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担分析与预测, columnId=1228016570031604578, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=儿少卫生与妇幼保健, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析1990—2021年我国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担情况及变化趋势,并预测2022—2050年归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担状况趋势,以指导未来的公共卫生政策和干预措施。

方法

本研究利用全球疾病负担(GBD)2021数据库的数据,选取了中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡人数、伤残调整生命年(DALYs)等指标。采用joinpoint回归模型分析中国女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的死亡率和DALYs的变化趋势,并运用年龄-时期-队列模型探讨不同年龄、时期和出生队列的影响,运用BAPC包预测未来的疾病负担趋势。

结果

1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担整体呈上升趋势,死亡人数增长了439.28%,DALYs增长了441.27%;标化死亡率和标化DALYs率均有上升(AAPC分别是23.1%和27.0%,P<0.001)。标化死亡率在95岁以上达到高峰,标化DALYs率至55~60岁年龄组达到高峰。

结论

中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的疾病负担呈现不断上升趋势,死亡人数和DALYs的增速高于全球,未来三十年,归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的疾病负担预计将持续增加。因此,建议加强中国绝经后女性超重和肥胖的预防和控制,提高乳腺癌的筛查率,以及开展针对性的健康教育和公共卫生干预措施。

, authors=何艺娟1, 2, 曾智2, 陈思念2, 陆地2, 朱迪2, 徐丹1, 李怡萱1, 高璐珏1, authorsList=何艺娟, 曾智, 陈思念, 陆地, 朱迪, 徐丹, 李怡萱, 高璐珏, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=曾智, authorNote=

何艺娟(1986—),女,硕士在读,副研究员,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理的研究

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曾智,E-mail:
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Cancer Biology & Medicine, 2021, 18(3): 900-909., articleTitle=Breast cancer incidence and mortality in women in China: temporal trends and projections to 2030, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590139457589418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=34, authorNames=佚名, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=佚名. 关于印发健康中国行动—癌症防治行动实施方案(2023—2030年)的通知[EB/OL].[2024-11-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202311/content_6915380.htm., articleTitle=关于印发健康中国行动—癌症防治行动实施方案(2023—2030年)的通知, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590139755385003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Anonym, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Anonym. Notice on Issuing the Implementation Plan of Healthy China Action: Cancer prevention and control action (2023-2030)[EB/OL]. [2024-11-15]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202311/content_6915380.htm.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Notice on Issuing the Implementation Plan of Healthy China Action: Cancer prevention and control action (2023-2030), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590139856048300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=69, issue=6, pageStart=438, pageEnd=451, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Desantis CE, Ma JM, Gaudet MM, journalName=CA-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Desantis CE, Ma JM, Gaudet MM, et al. Breast cancer statistics, 2019[J]. CA-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 2019, 69(6):438-451., articleTitle=Breast cancer statistics, 2019, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590140149649581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=16, issue=2, pageStart=244, pageEnd=247, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=37, authorNames=张瑞琪, 王司颖, 张伟, journalName=中华内分泌外科杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张瑞琪,王司颖,张伟. 女性绝经后肥胖促进乳腺癌发生及转移的研究进展[J]. 中华内分泌外科杂志,2022,16(2):244-247., articleTitle=女性绝经后肥胖促进乳腺癌发生及转移的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590140258701486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=16, issue=2, pageStart=244, pageEnd=247, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Zhang RQ, Wang SY, Zhang W, journalName=Chinese Journal of Endocrine Surgery, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang RQ, Wang SY, Zhang W. Research progress on the incidence and metastasis of breast cancer promoted by obesity in postmenopausal women[J]. Chinese Journal of Endocrine Surgery, 2022, 16(2): 244-247.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress on the incidence and metastasis of breast cancer promoted by obesity in postmenopausal women, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322590124236460165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, awardId=JKFXFK-001, language=CN, fundingSource=江苏省哲学社会科学重点研究基地资助项目(JKFXFK-001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322590125087903878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, awardId=KJXW2022071, language=CN, fundingSource=苏州市“科教兴卫”青年科技项目(KJXW2022071), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322590112479825984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322590112496603201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, companyId=1322590112479825984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Science and Education, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322590112509186114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, companyId=1322590112479825984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南京中医药大学太仓附属医院科教处,江苏 太仓 215400)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322590112593072195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322590112614043716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, companyId=1322590112593072195, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,江苏 南京 210000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322590118368628856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Trend of mortality and DALYs rates for breast cancer attributed to high BMI in postmenopausal among different age groups in China from 1990 to 2021, figureFileSmall=VbHApxVYVLaW2GS5n/ci2A==, figureFileBig=sNhfHy2ONqGhJ1RO9p9p7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590118456709241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=CN, label=图1, caption=1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌不同年龄组死亡率和DALYs率变化趋势

注:A为死亡率变化趋势;B为DALYs率变化趋势。

, figureFileSmall=VbHApxVYVLaW2GS5n/ci2A==, figureFileBig=sNhfHy2ONqGhJ1RO9p9p7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590118658035834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=The age-period-cohort effect diagram of mortality and DALYs rates for breast cancer attributed to high BMI in China from 1990 to 2021, figureFileSmall=IggLu2z3IRSa6zIvacfurw==, figureFileBig=OcYdKeN7kkMTKBBt1TXdyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590118733533307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=CN, label=图2, caption=1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡率和DALYs率年龄-时期-队列模型效应图

注:A表示净漂移值;B表示年龄效应;C表示时间效应;D表示队列效应。

, figureFileSmall=IggLu2z3IRSa6zIvacfurw==, figureFileBig=OcYdKeN7kkMTKBBt1TXdyQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590118825807996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=The predicted trend of standardized mortality rates and standardized DALYs for breast cancer attributed to high BMI in postmenopausal in China from 1990 to 2021, figureFileSmall=d8INEZlklA9hAJpRy5E7Tw==, figureFileBig=y/tTn0Eia/IAMdn1wijLbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590118901305469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=CN, label=图3, caption=1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌标化死亡率和标化DALYs率变化趋势预测, figureFileSmall=d8INEZlklA9hAJpRy5E7Tw==, figureFileBig=y/tTn0Eia/IAMdn1wijLbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590120851656830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The prevalence of breast cancer mortality and DALYs attributed to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China and globally from 1990 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别病例数(n=102,95%UI值)粗率(/10万,95%UI值)标化率(/10万,95%UI值)
1990年2021年变化(%)1990年2021年变化(%)1990年2021年变化(%)
死亡8.63
(-0.23~17.8)
46.54
(-1.47~100.94)
439.281.19
(-0.03~2.46)
2.38
(-0.08~5.17)
1001.20
(-0.03~2.51)
2.41
(-0.08~5.11)
100.83
DALYs231.45
(-6.18~480.33)
1252.77
(-40.36~299.63)
441.2731.76
(-0.85~65.91)
64.19
(-2.07~138.33)
102.1130.94
(-0.83~64.60)
63.53
(-2.04~134.00)
205.33
YLL220.51
(-5.88~458.56)
1132.04
(-36.42~2467.79)
413.3730.26
(-0.81~62.92)
58.01
(-1.87~126.45)
91.7129.47
(-0.79~61.47)
57.41
(-1.84~121.64)
94.81
YLD10.94
(-0.30~24.31)
120.72
(3.94~250.18)
1003.471.5
(-0.04~3.34)
6.19
(-0.2~12.82)
312.671.48
(-0.04~3.18)
6.13
(-0.20~12.71)
314.19
), ArticleFig(id=1322590120985874559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡和DALYs流行情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别病例数(n=102,95%UI值)粗率(/10万,95%UI值)标化率(/10万,95%UI值)
1990年2021年变化(%)1990年2021年变化(%)1990年2021年变化(%)
死亡8.63
(-0.23~17.8)
46.54
(-1.47~100.94)
439.281.19
(-0.03~2.46)
2.38
(-0.08~5.17)
1001.20
(-0.03~2.51)
2.41
(-0.08~5.11)
100.83
DALYs231.45
(-6.18~480.33)
1252.77
(-40.36~299.63)
441.2731.76
(-0.85~65.91)
64.19
(-2.07~138.33)
102.1130.94
(-0.83~64.60)
63.53
(-2.04~134.00)
205.33
YLL220.51
(-5.88~458.56)
1132.04
(-36.42~2467.79)
413.3730.26
(-0.81~62.92)
58.01
(-1.87~126.45)
91.7129.47
(-0.79~61.47)
57.41
(-1.84~121.64)
94.81
YLD10.94
(-0.30~24.31)
120.72
(3.94~250.18)
1003.471.5
(-0.04~3.34)
6.19
(-0.2~12.82)
312.671.48
(-0.04~3.18)
6.13
(-0.20~12.71)
314.19
), ArticleFig(id=1322590121380139137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The trend of mortality and DALYs attributed to breast cancer due to obesity in postmenopausal women in China from 1990 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量地区指标时间(年)变化值(%)(95%CI)t值P值
标化死亡率(/10万)中国APC1990—19972.7(2.5~2.8)32.2480.001
1997—20003.5(2.2~4.9)5.6530.001
2000—20030.7(-0.6~2.0)1.1240.325
2003—20112.0(1.8~2.1)23.7850.001
2011—20150.8(0.1~1.4)2.4860.001
2015—20213.6(3.4~3.9)34.5710.010
AAPC1990—20212.3(2.1~2.5)23.1280.001
标化DALYs率1990—19972.2(2.1~2.4)31.5360.001
1997—20003.3(2.2~4.5)6.2540.001
2000—20031.1(0.0~2.2)2.0470.100
2003—20112.4(2.3~2.6)34.5460.001
2011—20150.6(0.1~1.2)2.4780.001
2015—20213.5(3.3~3.7)38.6280.001
AAPC1990—20212.3(2.1~2.5)27.2460.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322590122114142338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590108432322615, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

1990―2021年中国绝经后女性归因于肥胖的乳腺癌死亡和DALY趋势变化情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量地区指标时间(年)变化值(%)(95%CI)t值P值
标化死亡率(/10万)中国APC1990—19972.7(2.5~2.8)32.2480.001
1997—20003.5(2.2~4.9)5.6530.001
2000—20030.7(-0.6~2.0)1.1240.325
2003—20112.0(1.8~2.1)23.7850.001
2011—20150.8(0.1~1.4)2.4860.001
2015—20213.6(3.4~3.9)34.5710.010
AAPC1990—20212.3(2.1~2.5)23.1280.001
标化DALYs率1990—19972.2(2.1~2.4)31.5360.001
1997—20003.3(2.2~4.5)6.2540.001
2000—20031.1(0.0~2.2)2.0470.100
2003—20112.4(2.3~2.6)34.5460.001
2011—20150.6(0.1~1.2)2.4780.001
2015—20213.5(3.3~3.7)38.6280.001
AAPC1990—20212.3(2.1~2.5)27.2460.001
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The fitting results of the predictive model for the disease burden of breast cancer attributed to high BMI in postmenopausal in China from 2020 to 2050

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指标MSERMSEMAEMAPE(%)
标化死亡率0.0010.0160.0130.007
标化DALY率0.1740.4170.3230.007
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2020—2050年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担预测模型拟合情况

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指标MSERMSEMAEMAPE(%)
标化死亡率0.0010.0160.0130.007
标化DALY率0.1740.4170.3230.007
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1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担分析与预测
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何艺娟 1, 2 , 曾智 2 , 陈思念 2 , 陆地 2 , 朱迪 2 , 徐丹 1 , 李怡萱 1 , 高璐珏 1
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025,52(1): 75-81
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现代预防医学 |儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025 , 52 (1) : 75 -81
1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担分析与预测
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何艺娟1, 2, 曾智2 , 陈思念2, 陆地2, 朱迪2, 徐丹1, 李怡萱1, 高璐珏1
作者信息
  • 1.南京中医药大学太仓附属医院科教处,江苏 太仓 215400
  • 2.南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,江苏 南京 210000
通讯作者:
曾智,E-mail:
作者简介:

何艺娟(1986—),女,硕士在读,副研究员,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理的研究

Analysis and prediction of the disease burden attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China from 1990 to 2021
Yi-juan HE1, 2, Zhi ZENG2 , Si-nian CHEN2, Di LU2, Di ZHU2, Dan XU1, Yi-xuan LI1, Lu-jue GAO1
Affiliations
  • Department of Science and Education, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China
出版时间: 2025-01-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408328
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目的

分析1990—2021年我国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担情况及变化趋势,并预测2022—2050年归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担状况趋势,以指导未来的公共卫生政策和干预措施。

方法

本研究利用全球疾病负担(GBD)2021数据库的数据,选取了中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡人数、伤残调整生命年(DALYs)等指标。采用joinpoint回归模型分析中国女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的死亡率和DALYs的变化趋势,并运用年龄-时期-队列模型探讨不同年龄、时期和出生队列的影响,运用BAPC包预测未来的疾病负担趋势。

结果

1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担整体呈上升趋势,死亡人数增长了439.28%,DALYs增长了441.27%;标化死亡率和标化DALYs率均有上升(AAPC分别是23.1%和27.0%,P<0.001)。标化死亡率在95岁以上达到高峰,标化DALYs率至55~60岁年龄组达到高峰。

结论

中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的疾病负担呈现不断上升趋势,死亡人数和DALYs的增速高于全球,未来三十年,归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的疾病负担预计将持续增加。因此,建议加强中国绝经后女性超重和肥胖的预防和控制,提高乳腺癌的筛查率,以及开展针对性的健康教育和公共卫生干预措施。

乳腺癌  /  高BMI  /  GBD  /  疾病负担  /  预测
Objective

To analyze the disease burden attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China from 1990 to 2021, examine the trends of this burden, and predict the situation from 2022 to 2050 to guide future public health policies and interventions.

Methods

Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, the study selected indicators such as the number of breast cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high BMI among postmenopausal women in China. Join point regression models were employed to analyze trends in mortality rates and DALYs, while age-period-cohort models were used to explore the effects of different ages, periods, and birth cohorts. The Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) package was applied to predict future disease burden trends.

Results

From 1990 to 2021, the overall disease burden of breast cancer attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China showed an increasing trend, with the number of deaths rising by 439.28% and DALYs by 441.27%. Both the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALYs rate increased (with average annual percent changes of 23.1% and 27.0%, respectively, P<0.001). The age-standardized mortality rate peaked at over 95 years, while the age-standardized DALYs rate peaked in the age group of 55 to 60.

Conclusion

The disease burden of breast cancer attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China shows a continuous upward trend, with increases in mortality and DALYs rates surpassing global averages. It is anticipated that this burden will continue to rise over the next thirty years. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen the prevention and control of overweight and obesity among postmenopausal women in China, enhance breast cancer screening rates, and implement targeted health education and public health interventions.

Breast cancer  /  High BMI  /  GBD  /  Disease burden  /  Prediction
何艺娟, 曾智, 陈思念, 陆地, 朱迪, 徐丹, 李怡萱, 高璐珏. 1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担分析与预测. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (1) : 75 -81 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408328
Yi-juan HE, Zhi ZENG, Si-nian CHEN, Di LU, Di ZHU, Dan XU, Yi-xuan LI, Lu-jue GAO. Analysis and prediction of the disease burden attributable to high BMI in postmenopausal women in China from 1990 to 2021[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (1) : 75 -81 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408328
据全球癌症观测站(Global Cancer Observatory)的最新估计显示,2022年全球乳腺癌新发病例接近230万,为女性最常见癌症(病例和死亡)之首[1]。90年代以来,中国乳腺癌的发病率显著高于全球平均水平[2],增长速度在中国恶性肿瘤中居前列[3-5]。2015年,中国60岁以上的乳腺癌患者占31.3%[6],这一比例随着社会经济的快速发展和人口老龄化的加剧,预计将进一步上升。超重和肥胖已被证实与绝经后乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率正相关,超重和肥胖乳腺癌患者的死亡风险是正常体重患者的两倍以上,对患者的生存率和预后产生负面影响[7-12]。
中国健康与营养调查数据显示,随着饮食方式的西化,肥胖率不断攀升[13]。《中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)》指出,中国成年居民的超重率和肥胖率分别为34.3%和16.4%,两者合计超过50%[14]。超重和肥胖作为一种可控制的风险因素,研究其对绝经后女性乳腺癌的疾病负担具有重要的公共卫生意义。
尽管已有研究探讨了乳腺癌的疾病负担,但肥胖对绝经后妇女乳腺癌疾病负担的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究基于全球疾病负担(GBD)2021数据库,运用年龄-时期-队列模型分析了1990—2021年中国绝经后妇女归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担趋势,并预测了2022—2050年归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡率趋势。研究结果旨在为公共卫生政策的制定与管理提供科学依据和参考。
本研究数据来自IHME定期发布的GBD数据,即全球健康数据交换(GHDx)查询工具,目前最新的数据为GBD 2021数据(https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd—results/)。该数据库分析使用了56 604个数据来源,包括来自生命登记和口头尸检、调查、人口普查、监测系统和癌症登记等的数据,对204个国家和地区和811个次国家地点的288种死亡原因和预期寿命分解的全球负担[15]。WHO定义成人超重为BMI≥25kg/m2,肥胖为BMI≥30kg/m2,GBD 2021中,高BMI是指BMI≥25 kg/m2,对疾病的诊断基于《国际疾病分类》10版(ICD10)。在国际上,自然绝经期的平均年龄是45~55岁[7],由于我国归因于高BMI的乳腺癌0~55岁女性的数据均为0,本研究剔除了55岁以下的数据,在选取全球归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担数据也均剔除了55岁以下的数据。基于GDB筛选,选择“Breast cancer”为研究疾病,选择“high body-mass index”为危险因素,指标为“DALYs”“Deaths”“YLLs”“YLDs。
本研究采用死亡率、伤残调整生命年(disability-adjusted life years, DALYs)、早死寿命损失年(year of life lost,YLLs)、伤残寿命损失年(year lived with disability,YLDs)指标评估中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的疾病负担情况。DALYs是一个衡量由于疾病、伤害或早死造成的健康生命损失的指标,它由两部分组成:早亡所致生命年损失(years of life lost,YLLs)和伤残所致生命年损失(years lost due to disability,YLDs),即DALYs= YLLs+YLDs[16]。变化率的具体计算方式:(2021年的数据—1990年的数据)/1990年的数据。
本研究运用joinpoint回归模型分析变量随时间的变化趋势,识别拐点,并预测未来趋势[17-18],其优势在于能够判断不同时段的变化是否具有统计学意义。计算年度变化百分比(APC)、平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)及其95%置信区间(CI),按照年份及年龄分析1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的标化死亡率和DALYs率的变化趋势。当APC、AAPC及其95%置信区间(CI)>0时,则表示上升趋势;当APC、AAPC及其95%置信区间(CI)<0时,则表示下降趋势。双侧检验水准为α=0.05,P<0.05认为差异具有统计学意义。
采用年龄-时期-队列模型分析年龄、时期和队列之间对疾病影响的估算[19]。本研究以5年为一个时间段,选取中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的死亡人数。
本研究构建BAPC模型预测2022—2050年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的发病情况。基于2010—2019年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的疾病负担数据,该数据作为测试及评价BAPC预测模型的准确性。评价模型预测效果的指标主要有:均方误差( MSE)、均方根误差(RMSE)、平均绝对误差(MAE)和平均绝对百分误差(MAPE ),这些指标值越低表明模型的预测精度越高,当MAPE<10%~15%、MAE<10、MASE<1均表明该模型具有较好预测精度。
本研究运用Excel 2022软件对1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的死亡、DALYs率等相关数据进行整理和统计分析。运用joinpoint回归模型软件分析归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担变化趋势,运用NCI网站提供的APC模型探讨归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡率变化规律的年龄效应、时期效应和队列效应。最后借助BAPC包,对2022—2050年中国绝经后女性归因于肥胖的乳腺癌的死亡率进行预测,未来标准化人口采用GBD 2021数据库预测的人口数。
1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的死亡人数增长了439.28%,粗死亡率增加了100%,标化死亡率从1990年的1.2/10万上升至2021年2.41/10万,增加100.83%;DALYs增长了441.27%,粗DALYs率增加了102.11%,标化DALYs从1990年的30.94/10万人年上升至63.53/10万人年,增加了205.33%;可见1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌标化死亡率和标化DALYs上升显著。见表1。
1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI标化死亡率有上升(AAPC是23.1,P<0.001),共有5个拐点具有统计学意义,分别是1997、2000、2003、2011和2015年;其中1990—1997年增速飞快(APC为32.2%),1997—2005年增速慢(APC为5.6%),2000—2003年增速最慢(APC为1.1%),2003—2011年又快速增长(APC为23.72%),2011—2015年增速再次放缓(APC为2.5%),2015—2021年增速迅猛(APC为34.6%)。1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI标化DALYs率有上升(AAPC为27.0,P≤小于0.001),也共有5个拐点具有统计学意义,分别是1997、2000、2003、2011和2015年;在1990—1997年、2003—2011年、2015—2021年,标化DALYs率分别增速飞快,其中2015—2021年增速最快,APC为38.6%。见表2。
1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的死亡率从55岁人群开始升高,在95岁以上达到高峰,中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的DALYs率从55岁人群开始升高,至55~60岁年龄组达到高峰,见图1。
1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡率和DALYs率的分别是2.30%(95%CI:1.65%~2.96%)和2.41%(95%CI:1.94%~2.89%),局部偏移在95岁及以上年龄组达到最高值,见图2A。
年龄效应:在矫正时期和队列效应后,归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡率随着年龄的增长而增加,整体呈现上升趋势,在95岁左右达到高峰。归因于BMI的乳腺癌DALYs率从55~80岁之间呈现缓慢下降趋势,从80岁及以上开始快速增加,在95岁及以上达到高峰,见图2B。
时期效应:在矫正年龄和队列效应后,以2002—2006年时期组为对照组(RR=1),中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的死亡风险和DALYs风险随着年龄的增长而增加,整体呈现上升趋势,在1992—1996年风险最低,RR值分别是0.79%(95%CI:0.72%~0.87%)、0.79%(95%CI:0.75%~0.84%),见图2C。
队列效应:在矫正年龄和时期效应后,以1927年为对照组(RR为1),中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的死亡风险和DALYs的队列效应随着出生队列的推移均以稳定速度增长,并于1962年达到高峰,RR值分别由1987年的0.32%(95%CI:0.04%~2.37%)、0.41%(95%CI:0.10%~1.74%)增加至1962年的2.09%(95%CI:1.85%~ 2.36%)、2.25%(95%CI:2.13%~ 2.39%),见图2D。
预测模型结果显示,标化死亡率的MSE为0.001,RMSE为0.016,MAE为0.013,MAPE为0.007 %,标化DALY率的MSE为0.174,RMSE为0.417,MAE为0.323,MAPE为0.007 %,表明模型预测效果较好,见表3。2020—2050年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌造成的标准化死亡率以缓慢的速度上升,DALYs率均呈现快速上升趋势,2050年可能分别达到3.56/10万和95.73/10万,死亡率的变化的置信区间因为数值太小,图中未能展示出来,见图3。
本研究结果显示,1990—2021年中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI乳腺癌的死亡人数和疾病负担呈现出显著的增长趋势。2021年归因于高BMI乳腺癌死亡人数较1990年归因于高BMI乳腺癌死亡人数激增439.28%,粗死亡率增加了100%,标化死亡率和标化DALYs率也明显上升,这些数据强调了归因于高BMI的乳腺癌对绝经后女性健康构成的重大威胁,归因于高BMI的乳腺癌负担较重,凸显了对这一问题进行深入研究的紧迫性[10]。主要原因一方面是我国正快速步入老龄化社会[20],中老年女性群体快速增加,根据《2021年度国家老龄事业发展公报》,截至2021年底,我国老年人已达2.67亿,占总人口的18.9%[21],另一方面是中国肥胖人口数量的快速增加,在过去的几十年里,中国和其他发达国家一样,经历了快速的经济发展、文化和社会人口变化,这些转变也导致了各种生活方式的改变[13]。根据中国健康与营养调查的发现,传统的饮食习惯已逐渐向所谓的“西方化”模式转变,这一转变特征为高脂肪和高能量密度食品的消费增加,包括动物源性食品、精致谷物和深加工食品的摄入量显著上升[22],城市化导致人们更多地从事久坐的工作,同时,交通方式的变化减少了日常的身体活动量。这些因素共同作用,进一步加剧了肥胖问题的发展,超重和肥胖已被证实是乳腺癌的一个重要可调控危险因素[23]。
年龄-时期-队列模型分析中,年龄效应对归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担有显著影响,归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的死亡率呈现出显著的正相关性,归因于高BMI的乳腺癌的DALYs率在55~80岁的年龄段内呈现缓慢下降的趋势,但在80岁及以上的高龄人群中,DALYs率的增长速度则显著加快。在55~80岁的年龄段,归因于高BMI的乳腺癌DALYs率的下降趋势可能受到多种因素的影响。首先,医疗条件的持续改善对于提高乳腺癌的诊断和治疗水平起到了关键作用。其次,自2009年起,国家将农村妇女乳腺癌和宫颈癌(简称“两癌”)检查项目纳入重大公共卫生服务项目,2019年又将其纳入基本公共卫生服务项目,通过早期识别和干预,提高了乳腺癌患者的早期诊断率。已有研究显示,早期发现并及时手术治疗的乳腺癌患者能够实现五年生存率的概率高达90%[24],这一点对于降低乳腺癌的疾病负担具有重要意义。当年龄超过80岁时,DALYs率的增长速度显著加快,这可能与老年人群中慢性疾病和并发症的累积效应有关。
本研究的预测结果揭示了一个严峻的趋势:2020—2050年,中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌死亡率和DALYs率预计将呈现持续上升的态势,这一发现与既往研究结果相一致[13],也凸显了中国绝经后女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担之重。《健康中国行动—癌症防治行动实施方案(2023—2030年)》针对乳腺癌等重点癌症,提出了早期筛查、早期诊断和早期治疗的策略,同时强调了控制危险因素、降低癌症患病风险的重要性[25]。近年来的流行病学数据显示,中国的肥胖率从1982年的5.5%显著上升至2020年的50.7%[26],这一上升趋势反映了肥胖问题的普遍性和严重性,绝经后女性体内雌激素水平下降,肥胖会增加体内雌激素水平,从而增加患乳腺癌的风险[27]。鉴于此,建议相关部门加强对重点人群尤其是绝经后女性群体的体重管理干预:一是,加强健康教育和知识普及,提高对肥胖危害的认识;二是,可以针对不同人群的特点,提供个性化的体重管理指导,除了绝经后女性,还应关注其他乳腺癌高危人群,例如有乳腺癌家族史的女性、长期使用激素替代疗法的女性等,以期通过体重管理,控制高BMI高危风险,减少女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担。
综上所述,1990—2021年中国女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担呈现急剧上升趋势。基于BAPC(年龄-时期-队列)模型预测,在未来30年内,中国女性归因于高BMI的乳腺癌疾病负担将持续增长,这是国家经济水平的快速提升,老龄化程度的不断加剧及生活习惯的变迁等多方面原因导致的。中国相关部门需要进一步加强女性肥胖与乳腺癌相关防控措施,贯彻落实《健康中国行动—癌症防治行动实施方案(2023—2030年)》。此外,针对重点人群,建议采取综合性的生活方式干预措施,并加强健康教育,以有效管理体重,降低乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率,从而减轻由乳腺癌引起的社会经济负担。
本研究存在一定的局限。一是,GBD研究采用的是WHO推荐的BIM作为国际上标准化的体重分类方法,未考虑各地区存在差异,中国的体重分类为超重为24kg/m2≤BMI≤27.9kg/m2,肥胖为BMI≥28kg/m2,与WHO推荐超重标准有所不同,这种差异可能会导致对疾病负担的低估。二是,因数据的可及性,本研究未能进一步区分超重和肥胖对乳腺癌的疾病负担影响,后续有待根据中国本土数据进一步开展研究,更准确反映中国人群的实际情况。
  • 江苏省哲学社会科学重点研究基地资助项目(JKFXFK-001)
  • 苏州市“科教兴卫”青年科技项目(KJXW2022071)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408328
  • 接收时间:2024-08-19
  • 首发时间:2026-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-01-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-19
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江苏省哲学社会科学重点研究基地资助项目(JKFXFK-001)
苏州市“科教兴卫”青年科技项目(KJXW2022071)
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    1.南京中医药大学太仓附属医院科教处,江苏 太仓 215400
    2.南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,江苏 南京 210000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
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Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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