Article(id=1322590095157347318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322589954702688372, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407257, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720886400000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793259651220, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1736438400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793259651220, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793259651220, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793259651220, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322589954702688372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1736438400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793259617734, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793260023378, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322591656147276425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322589954702688372, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322591656147276426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1322589954702688372, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=160, endPage=166, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322590095312536567, articleId=1322590095157347318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on the distribution characteristics of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported infections in Hunan Province in 2023, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the characteristics and trends of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023, and to understand the molecular epidemiological patterns of HIV strains in the region.

Methods

Blood samples were collected from 539 newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023. RNA was extracted, and the pol gene region was amplified using nested PCR. Subtype identification and recombination analysis were performed using phylogenetic trees and online tools.

Results

A total of 490 valid sequences were obtained, predominantly from males (77.55%, 380/490), Han ethnicity (90.20%, 442/490), heterosexual transmission (72.04%, 353/490), and individuals aged over 60 (33.47%, 164/490). The transmitted drug resistance (TDR) rate was 7.76%, with the majority of TDR mutations occurring in non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Sixteen subtypes were detected, with CRF07_BC (41.22%, 202/490) being the most prevalent, followed by CRF01_AE (31.84%, 156/490), CRF08_BC (8.98%, 44/490), CRF55_01B (4.29%, 21/490), B (4.29%, 21/490), CRF85_BC (2.45%, 12/490), C (1.84%, 9/490), and unique recombinant forms (URF) (2.04%, 10/490). The CRF07_BC subtype included two subclusters: 07_BC_MSM (52.97%, 107/202) and 07_BC_other (47.03%, 95/202). Seven subclusters of CRF01_AE were identified, with the C1 subcluster being the most prevalent (45.51%,71/156). Unique recombinant forms (URF) were most frequently reported in Changsha (40.00%, 4/10), primarily among young individuals engaging in homosexual transmission (80.00%, 8/10); CRF85_BC was most frequently reported in Shaoyang (91.67%, 11/12), primarily among older individuals involved in non-marital commercial heterosexual transmission (58.33%, 7/12).

Conclusion

The distribution of subtypes in Hunan Province is diverse, showing certain changes compared to past regional distributions and compositions, with the emergence of some new recombinant subtypes. Local monitoring of HIV subtypes should be further strengthened.

, authors=Min HU1, Xiao-bai ZOU2, Jian-mei HE2, Jun ZHENG2, Qi TANG1, Xi CHEN2, authorsList=Min HU, Xiao-bai ZOU, Jian-mei HE, Jun ZHENG, Qi TANG, Xi CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xi CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322590096109454330, articleId=1322590095157347318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者毒株亚型分布特征研究, columnId=1228016573844226129, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=疾病预防控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者的毒株亚型特点和变化趋势,了解湖南省HIV毒株分子流行规律。

方法

采集湖南省2023年新报告539例HIV感染者血样,提取RNA,采用巢式PCR扩增pol区基因,利用系统进化树与在线工具鉴定亚型和进行重组分析。

结果

获得490例有效序列,以男性(77.55%,380/490)、汉族(90.20%,442/490)、异性性传播(72.04%,353/490)及60岁以上感染者(33.47%,164/490)为主。传播性耐药(transmitted drug resistance,TDR)耐药率为7.76%,TDR突变以非核苷酸反转录酶抑制剂(NNRTIs)为主。共检出16种亚型,CRF07_BC占比最大,为41.22%(202/490),其次CRF01_AE占31.84%(156/490)、CRF08_BC占8.98%(44/490)、CRF55_01B占4.29%(21/490)、B占4.29%(21/490)、CRF85_BC占2.45%(12/490)、C占1.84%(9/490)、URF占2.04%,10/490)。CRF07_BC亚型检出07_BC_MSM和07_BC_other两个亚簇,分别占52.97%(107/202)、47.03%(95/202)。CRF01_AE共检出7个亚簇,C1亚簇占比最高,为45.51%(71/156)。独特重组型(unique recombinant form, URF)在长沙市的病例报告数最多,为40.00%(4/10),以青年群体的同性传播为主,占80.00%(8/10);CRF85_BC在邵阳市的病例报告数最多,为91.67%(11/12),以老年人群的非婚商业异性性传播为主,占58.33%(7/12)。

结论

湖南省亚型分布呈多样化,较过去亚型地区分布与构成有一定的变化,出现了部分新的重组亚型,应进一步加强当地HIV亚型监测。

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胡敏、邹潇白为共同第一作者

胡敏(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:艾滋病防治研究

邹潇白(1981—),男,硕士,副主任技师,研究方向:艾滋病防治研究

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陈曦,E-mail:
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Retrovirology, 2009, 6: 49., articleTitle=Tracing the HIV-1 subtype B mobility in Europe: a phylogeographic approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590109715775570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=18, issue=5, pageStart=941, pageEnd=943, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=33, authorNames=林麒, 扬郁君, 孙先国, journalName=实用预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=林麒,扬郁君,孙先国,等. 张家界市老年艾滋病感染者高危行为因素调查[J]. 实用预防医学,2011,18(5):941-943., articleTitle=张家界市老年艾滋病感染者高危行为因素调查, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590109782884435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=18, issue=5, pageStart=941, pageEnd=943, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Lin Q, Yang YJ, Sun XG, journalName=Practical Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lin Q, Yang YJ, Sun XG, et al. Investigation on the high-risk behavior factors of the elderly HIV infected persons in Zhangjiajie city[J]. Practical Preventive Medicine, 2011, 18(5): 941-943.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation on the high-risk behavior factors of the elderly HIV infected persons in Zhangjiajie city, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322590109845798996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=37, issue=12, pageStart=1639, pageEnd=1643, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Wu YQ, Zou XB, Qin R, journalName=Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu YQ, Zou XB, Qin R, et al. Correlativity of subtype B viral transmission among elderly HIV-1 infected individuals in Yongding district, Zhangjiajie city, Hunan province[J]. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, 2016, 37(12): 1639-1643., articleTitle=Correlativity of subtype B viral transmission among elderly HIV-1 infected individuals in Yongding district, Zhangjiajie city, Hunan province, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322590104867160111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, awardId=2023JJ60014, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省自然科学基金科卫联合项目(2023JJ60014), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322590104963629104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, awardId=2023-32, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省卫生健康高层次人才支持计划项目(2023-32), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322590096465970171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322590096474358780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, companyId=1322590096465970171, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health, Nanhua University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322590096482747389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, companyId=1322590096465970171, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南 衡阳 421001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322590098147886079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322590098156274688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, companyId=1322590098147886079, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南 衡阳 421000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322590103252353063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Geographic distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in various cities and states of Hunan Province, figureFileSmall=qIsG80lmMei6smAKlk3F6w==, figureFileBig=NnrQaRnNXlmeJNEKxeNcwQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590103361404968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=CN, label=图1, caption=湖南省各市州HIV-1亚型地理分布

注:底图源于国家地理信息公共服务平台,审图号为GS(2024)0650。

, figureFileSmall=qIsG80lmMei6smAKlk3F6w==, figureFileBig=NnrQaRnNXlmeJNEKxeNcwQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322590103952801833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sociodemographic distribution of strain subtypes among newly reported HIV-1 infected people in Hunan Province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征人数亚型[n(%)]χ2值bP值
CRF07_ BCCRF01_AECRF08_ BCCRF55_01BBCRF85_BCCURF其他a
性别11.0230.181
男380165(81.68)118(75.64)32(72.73)16(76.19)14(66.67)10(83.33)6(66.67)10(100.00)9( 60.00)
女11037(18.32)38(24.36)12(27.27)5(23.81)7(33.33)2(16.67)3(33.33)0(0)6( 40.00)
民族12.3500.079
汉442180(89.11)144(92.31)41(93.18)19(90.48)14(66.67)11(91.67)9(100.00)9(90.00)15(100.00)
其他4822(10.89)12(7.69)3(6.82)2(9.52)7(33.33)1(8.33)0(0)1(10.00)0(0)
婚姻41.171<0.001
未婚16985(42.08)51(32.69)4(9.09)7(33.33)5(23.81)2(16.67)2(22.22)9(90.00)4(26.67)
已婚有配偶20479(39.11)63(40.38)23(52.27)9(42.86)12(57.14)4(33.33)5(55.56)1(10.00)8(53.33)
离婚或丧偶11738(18.81)42(26.92)17(38.64)5(23.81)4(19.05)6(50.00)2(22.22)0(0)3(20.00)
年龄(岁)
≤2912665(32.18)38(24.36)1(2.27)7(33.33)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)8(80.00)4(26.67)64.830<0.001
30~447633(16.34)26(16.67)3(6.82)5(23.81)3(14.29)2(16.67)2(22.22)1(10.00)1(6.67)
45~5912446(22.77)36(23.08)19(43.18)6(28.57)7(33.33)3(25.00)5(55.56)1(10.00)1(6.67)
≥6016458(28.71)56(35.90)21(47.73)3(14.29)8(38.10)7(58.33)2(22.22)0(0)9(60.00)
学历
文盲179(4.46)2(1.28)2(4.55)1(4.76)1(4.76)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(13.33)85.516<0.001
小学15646(22.77)61(39.10)21(47.73)1(4.76)8(38.10)9(75.00)3(33.33)0(0)7(46.67)
初中13150(24.75)40(25.64)17(38.64)5(23.81)8(38.10)3(25.00)5(55.56)1(10.00)2(13.33)
高中或中专7235(17.33)20(12.82)3(6.82)8(38.10)1(4.76)0(0)1(11.11)2(20.00)2(13.33)
大专及以上11462(30.69)33(21.15)1(2.27)6(28.57)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)7(70.00)2(13.33)
职业62.682<0.001
农民26799(49.01)84(53.85)35(79.55)9(42.86)14(66.67)11(91.67)6(66.67)2(20.00)7(46.67)
学生4327(13.37)10(6.41)0(0)0(0)2(9.52)0(0)0(0)3(30.00)1(6.67)
家务及待业6127(13.37)27(17.31)0(0)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)1(11.11)0(0)3(20.00)
离退人员159(4.46)1(0.64)3(6.82)1(4.76)0(0)0(0)1(11.11)0(0)0(0)
其他10440(19.80)34(21.79)6(13.64)8(38.10)5(23.81)1(8.33)1(11.11)5(50.00)4(26.67)
感染途径60.908<0.001
同性传播13778(38.61)39(25.00)1(2.27)6(28.57)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)9(90.00)1(6.67)
异性传播353124(61.39)117(75.00)43(97.73)15(71.43)18(85.71)12(100.00)9(100.00)1(10.00)14(93.33)
), ArticleFig(id=1322590104103796778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

湖南省HIV-1新报告感染者亚型的人口社会学分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征人数亚型[n(%)]χ2值bP值
CRF07_ BCCRF01_AECRF08_ BCCRF55_01BBCRF85_BCCURF其他a
性别11.0230.181
男380165(81.68)118(75.64)32(72.73)16(76.19)14(66.67)10(83.33)6(66.67)10(100.00)9( 60.00)
女11037(18.32)38(24.36)12(27.27)5(23.81)7(33.33)2(16.67)3(33.33)0(0)6( 40.00)
民族12.3500.079
汉442180(89.11)144(92.31)41(93.18)19(90.48)14(66.67)11(91.67)9(100.00)9(90.00)15(100.00)
其他4822(10.89)12(7.69)3(6.82)2(9.52)7(33.33)1(8.33)0(0)1(10.00)0(0)
婚姻41.171<0.001
未婚16985(42.08)51(32.69)4(9.09)7(33.33)5(23.81)2(16.67)2(22.22)9(90.00)4(26.67)
已婚有配偶20479(39.11)63(40.38)23(52.27)9(42.86)12(57.14)4(33.33)5(55.56)1(10.00)8(53.33)
离婚或丧偶11738(18.81)42(26.92)17(38.64)5(23.81)4(19.05)6(50.00)2(22.22)0(0)3(20.00)
年龄(岁)
≤2912665(32.18)38(24.36)1(2.27)7(33.33)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)8(80.00)4(26.67)64.830<0.001
30~447633(16.34)26(16.67)3(6.82)5(23.81)3(14.29)2(16.67)2(22.22)1(10.00)1(6.67)
45~5912446(22.77)36(23.08)19(43.18)6(28.57)7(33.33)3(25.00)5(55.56)1(10.00)1(6.67)
≥6016458(28.71)56(35.90)21(47.73)3(14.29)8(38.10)7(58.33)2(22.22)0(0)9(60.00)
学历
文盲179(4.46)2(1.28)2(4.55)1(4.76)1(4.76)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(13.33)85.516<0.001
小学15646(22.77)61(39.10)21(47.73)1(4.76)8(38.10)9(75.00)3(33.33)0(0)7(46.67)
初中13150(24.75)40(25.64)17(38.64)5(23.81)8(38.10)3(25.00)5(55.56)1(10.00)2(13.33)
高中或中专7235(17.33)20(12.82)3(6.82)8(38.10)1(4.76)0(0)1(11.11)2(20.00)2(13.33)
大专及以上11462(30.69)33(21.15)1(2.27)6(28.57)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)7(70.00)2(13.33)
职业62.682<0.001
农民26799(49.01)84(53.85)35(79.55)9(42.86)14(66.67)11(91.67)6(66.67)2(20.00)7(46.67)
学生4327(13.37)10(6.41)0(0)0(0)2(9.52)0(0)0(0)3(30.00)1(6.67)
家务及待业6127(13.37)27(17.31)0(0)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)1(11.11)0(0)3(20.00)
离退人员159(4.46)1(0.64)3(6.82)1(4.76)0(0)0(0)1(11.11)0(0)0(0)
其他10440(19.80)34(21.79)6(13.64)8(38.10)5(23.81)1(8.33)1(11.11)5(50.00)4(26.67)
感染途径60.908<0.001
同性传播13778(38.61)39(25.00)1(2.27)6(28.57)3(14.29)0(0)0(0)9(90.00)1(6.67)
异性传播353124(61.39)117(75.00)43(97.73)15(71.43)18(85.71)12(100.00)9(100.00)1(10.00)14(93.33)
), ArticleFig(id=1322590104326094891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in different regions of Hunan Province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
人数HIV-1亚型[n(%)]
CRF07_BCCRF01_AECRF08_BCCRF55_01BBCRF85_BCCURF其他
长沙市7638(50.00)26(34.21)1(1.31)3(3.95)0(0)0(0)0(0)4(5.26)4(5.26)
株洲市4720(42.55)17(36.17)1(2.13)0(0)3(6.38)0(0)3(6.38)2(4.26)1(2.13)
湘潭市226(27.27)8(36.36)3(13.64)4(18.18)1(4.55)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)
衡阳市3212(37.50)11(34.38)3(9.38)0(0)1(3.13)0(0)2(6.25)0(0)3(9.38)
邵阳市6622(33.33)14(21.21)12(18.18)4(6.06)2(3.03)11(16.67)0(0)1(1.52)0(0)
岳阳市167(43.75)6(37.50)1(6.25)1(6.25)0(0)0(0)0(0)1(6.25)0(0)
张家界市258(32.00)7(28.00)0(0)1(4.00)7(28.00)1(4.00)0(0)1(4.00)0(0)
益阳市228(36.36)11(50.00)0(0)0(0)1(4.55)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(9.09)
娄底市444(13.33)11(36.67)9(30.00)1(3.33)1(3.33)0(0)3(10.00)1(3.33)0(0)
郴州市3013(52.00)10(40.00)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(8.00)
常德市2525(56.82)13(29.55)2(4.55)2(4.55)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(4.55)
永州市3313(39.39)13(39.39)4(12.12)1(3.03)0(0)0(0)1(3.03)0(0)1(3.03)
怀化市3819(50.00)7(18.42)6(15.79)2(5.26)4(10.53)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)
湘西土家族苗族自治州147(50.00)2(14.29)2(14.29)2(14.29)1(7.14)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)
), ArticleFig(id=1322590104481284140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

湖南省不同地域HIV-1亚型分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
人数HIV-1亚型[n(%)]
CRF07_BCCRF01_AECRF08_BCCRF55_01BBCRF85_BCCURF其他
长沙市7638(50.00)26(34.21)1(1.31)3(3.95)0(0)0(0)0(0)4(5.26)4(5.26)
株洲市4720(42.55)17(36.17)1(2.13)0(0)3(6.38)0(0)3(6.38)2(4.26)1(2.13)
湘潭市226(27.27)8(36.36)3(13.64)4(18.18)1(4.55)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)
衡阳市3212(37.50)11(34.38)3(9.38)0(0)1(3.13)0(0)2(6.25)0(0)3(9.38)
邵阳市6622(33.33)14(21.21)12(18.18)4(6.06)2(3.03)11(16.67)0(0)1(1.52)0(0)
岳阳市167(43.75)6(37.50)1(6.25)1(6.25)0(0)0(0)0(0)1(6.25)0(0)
张家界市258(32.00)7(28.00)0(0)1(4.00)7(28.00)1(4.00)0(0)1(4.00)0(0)
益阳市228(36.36)11(50.00)0(0)0(0)1(4.55)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(9.09)
娄底市444(13.33)11(36.67)9(30.00)1(3.33)1(3.33)0(0)3(10.00)1(3.33)0(0)
郴州市3013(52.00)10(40.00)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(8.00)
常德市2525(56.82)13(29.55)2(4.55)2(4.55)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)2(4.55)
永州市3313(39.39)13(39.39)4(12.12)1(3.03)0(0)0(0)1(3.03)0(0)1(3.03)
怀化市3819(50.00)7(18.42)6(15.79)2(5.26)4(10.53)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)
湘西土家族苗族自治州147(50.00)2(14.29)2(14.29)2(14.29)1(7.14)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)
), ArticleFig(id=1322590104594530349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Basic features of the CRF07 _ BC and CRF01 _ AE subclusters [n(%)]

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亚簇人数性别感染途径
男女同性感染异性感染
01_AE
01_AE_C17146(64.79)25(35.21)2(2.82)69(97.18)
01_AE_C43937(94.87)2(5.13)20(51.28)19(48.72)
01_AE_C2159(60.00)6(40.00)0(0)15(100.00)
01_AE_C51313(100.00)0(0)10(76.92)3(23.08)
01_AE_other108(80.00)2(20.00)4(40.00)6(60.00)
01_AE_C364(66.67)2(33.33)3(50.00)3(50.00)
01_AE_C921(50.00)1(50.00)0(0)2(100.00)
07_BC
07_BC_MSM107101(94.39)6(5.61)67(62.62)40(37.38)
07_BC_other9564(67.37)31(32.63)11(11.58)84(88.42)
), ArticleFig(id=1322590104728748078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1322590095157347318, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

CRF07_BC和CRF01_AE亚簇基本特征[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
亚簇人数性别感染途径
男女同性感染异性感染
01_AE
01_AE_C17146(64.79)25(35.21)2(2.82)69(97.18)
01_AE_C43937(94.87)2(5.13)20(51.28)19(48.72)
01_AE_C2159(60.00)6(40.00)0(0)15(100.00)
01_AE_C51313(100.00)0(0)10(76.92)3(23.08)
01_AE_other108(80.00)2(20.00)4(40.00)6(60.00)
01_AE_C364(66.67)2(33.33)3(50.00)3(50.00)
01_AE_C921(50.00)1(50.00)0(0)2(100.00)
07_BC
07_BC_MSM107101(94.39)6(5.61)67(62.62)40(37.38)
07_BC_other9564(67.37)31(32.63)11(11.58)84(88.42)
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湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者毒株亚型分布特征研究
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胡敏 1 , 邹潇白 2 , 贺健梅 2 , 郑军 2 , 唐琪 1 , 陈曦 2
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(1): 160-166
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现代预防医学 |疾病预防控制 2025 , 52 (1) : 160 -166
湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者毒株亚型分布特征研究
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胡敏1, 邹潇白2, 贺健梅2, 郑军2, 唐琪1, 陈曦2
作者信息
  • 1.南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南 衡阳 421001
  • 2.湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南 衡阳 421000
通讯作者:
陈曦,E-mail:
作者简介:

胡敏、邹潇白为共同第一作者

胡敏(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:艾滋病防治研究

邹潇白(1981—),男,硕士,副主任技师,研究方向:艾滋病防治研究

Study on the distribution characteristics of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported infections in Hunan Province in 2023
Min HU1, Xiao-bai ZOU2, Jian-mei HE2, Jun ZHENG2, Qi TANG1, Xi CHEN2
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Nanhua University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
出版时间: 2025-01-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407257
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目的

分析湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者的毒株亚型特点和变化趋势,了解湖南省HIV毒株分子流行规律。

方法

采集湖南省2023年新报告539例HIV感染者血样,提取RNA,采用巢式PCR扩增pol区基因,利用系统进化树与在线工具鉴定亚型和进行重组分析。

结果

获得490例有效序列,以男性(77.55%,380/490)、汉族(90.20%,442/490)、异性性传播(72.04%,353/490)及60岁以上感染者(33.47%,164/490)为主。传播性耐药(transmitted drug resistance,TDR)耐药率为7.76%,TDR突变以非核苷酸反转录酶抑制剂(NNRTIs)为主。共检出16种亚型,CRF07_BC占比最大,为41.22%(202/490),其次CRF01_AE占31.84%(156/490)、CRF08_BC占8.98%(44/490)、CRF55_01B占4.29%(21/490)、B占4.29%(21/490)、CRF85_BC占2.45%(12/490)、C占1.84%(9/490)、URF占2.04%,10/490)。CRF07_BC亚型检出07_BC_MSM和07_BC_other两个亚簇,分别占52.97%(107/202)、47.03%(95/202)。CRF01_AE共检出7个亚簇,C1亚簇占比最高,为45.51%(71/156)。独特重组型(unique recombinant form, URF)在长沙市的病例报告数最多,为40.00%(4/10),以青年群体的同性传播为主,占80.00%(8/10);CRF85_BC在邵阳市的病例报告数最多,为91.67%(11/12),以老年人群的非婚商业异性性传播为主,占58.33%(7/12)。

结论

湖南省亚型分布呈多样化,较过去亚型地区分布与构成有一定的变化,出现了部分新的重组亚型,应进一步加强当地HIV亚型监测。

HIV  /  RNA  /  pol基因  /  亚型
Objective

To analyze the characteristics and trends of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023, and to understand the molecular epidemiological patterns of HIV strains in the region.

Methods

Blood samples were collected from 539 newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023. RNA was extracted, and the pol gene region was amplified using nested PCR. Subtype identification and recombination analysis were performed using phylogenetic trees and online tools.

Results

A total of 490 valid sequences were obtained, predominantly from males (77.55%, 380/490), Han ethnicity (90.20%, 442/490), heterosexual transmission (72.04%, 353/490), and individuals aged over 60 (33.47%, 164/490). The transmitted drug resistance (TDR) rate was 7.76%, with the majority of TDR mutations occurring in non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Sixteen subtypes were detected, with CRF07_BC (41.22%, 202/490) being the most prevalent, followed by CRF01_AE (31.84%, 156/490), CRF08_BC (8.98%, 44/490), CRF55_01B (4.29%, 21/490), B (4.29%, 21/490), CRF85_BC (2.45%, 12/490), C (1.84%, 9/490), and unique recombinant forms (URF) (2.04%, 10/490). The CRF07_BC subtype included two subclusters: 07_BC_MSM (52.97%, 107/202) and 07_BC_other (47.03%, 95/202). Seven subclusters of CRF01_AE were identified, with the C1 subcluster being the most prevalent (45.51%,71/156). Unique recombinant forms (URF) were most frequently reported in Changsha (40.00%, 4/10), primarily among young individuals engaging in homosexual transmission (80.00%, 8/10); CRF85_BC was most frequently reported in Shaoyang (91.67%, 11/12), primarily among older individuals involved in non-marital commercial heterosexual transmission (58.33%, 7/12).

Conclusion

The distribution of subtypes in Hunan Province is diverse, showing certain changes compared to past regional distributions and compositions, with the emergence of some new recombinant subtypes. Local monitoring of HIV subtypes should be further strengthened.

HIV  /  RNA  /  Pol gene  /  Subtype
胡敏, 邹潇白, 贺健梅, 郑军, 唐琪, 陈曦. 湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者毒株亚型分布特征研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (1) : 160 -166 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407257
Min HU, Xiao-bai ZOU, Jian-mei HE, Jun ZHENG, Qi TANG, Xi CHEN. Study on the distribution characteristics of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported infections in Hunan Province in 2023[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (1) : 160 -166 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407257
在过去的十年间我国的HIV流行形式发生了很大的变化。传播途径由以血液为主转变到以性传播为主,流行地区由农村为主到城乡并行,受累人群由高危人群为主到高危及一般人群并重的巨大变化[1]。特别是一些新的HIV感染重点地区和重点人群的出现,为我国的艾滋病防控提出了很多新的急需解决的问题。同时,HIV-1毒株高变异性导致其在传播过程中产生许多不同的亚型[2],不同亚型在传播过程中可以发生相互重组。目前,全球已发现超过150种流行重组型(circulating recombinant form, CRF),近年来多种独特重组型(unique recombinant form, URF)也被相继证实[3]。不同亚型毒株的生物学特征、传播途径与分布特点在不同感染人群中有明显的差异,其感染力和毒力也各不相同[4]。为进一步揭示我省HIV毒株亚型及其主要流行簇的分布、传播及对我省艾滋病流行影响,本文以湖南省2023年新报告HIV感染者为研究对象,采用系统进化树等分子生物学技术结合流行病学资料进行HIV毒株亚型分布及重组分析。
以湖南省2023年二季度所有新报告且CD4≥200个/mm3(排除既往感染)HIV感染者为研究对象。纳入标准:(1)年龄≥16周岁;(2)CD4≥200个/mm3;(3)在知情同意的条件下自愿参与分子流行病学调查;(4)基本信息完整。排除标准:有明显心理疾病、语言障碍、智力缺陷者。本研究通过了湖南省疾病预防控制中心伦理委员会批准(编号:IRB-2024-007-01)。
1.2.1 分子流行病学研究 通过多基因片段序列测定并结合流行病学数据分析,掌握我省不同地区、不同高危人群HIV毒株分布情况,了解HIV新重组亚型的出现和传播,以及我省HIV主要流行簇的消长趋势,为艾滋病科学防治提供有针对性的科学数据。
1.2.2 HIV核酸提取、扩增及产物测序 核酸提取实验使用全自动核酸提取仪(雅培m2000sp,美国),提取试剂盒采用Abbott mSample Preparation System (4×24 Preps)。参照文献[5]引物及反应条件,采用In-house基因型检测方法对pol区段(1 100bp,HXB2标准参考株位置:2 253-3 353)进行巢式PCR扩增,扩增产物经凝胶电泳比对后送至东莞微量精准医学检验实验室进行sanger测序。
1.2.3 基因亚型及重组分析 使用Bioedit7.0.1软件的Clustal W组件将序列与国际参考株比对。利用Mega 11.0软件构建Neighor-Joining系统进化树初步分型,在线HIV亚型分析工具COMET (https://comet.lih.lu/)进行核对,对亚型判断不一的使用Los Alamos HIV-1 Database的在线工具HIV BLAST进行序列分析从而综合判断亚型,最后使用在线工具RIP(https://www.HIV-1.lanl.gov/content/sequence/RIP/RIP.html)判断重组情况。
1.2.4 将处理好的序列上传至斯坦福大学耐药数据库(https://hivdb.stanford.edu/)进行耐药突变位点识别及耐药程度分析,评分标准参照斯坦福HIV耐药数据库的9.6版本,耐药水平分为敏感、潜在耐药、低度耐药、中度耐药及高度耐药,本研究将低度及以上判定为耐药。
使用Excel 2016进行数据的处理,SPSS 26.0进行χ2检验,RxC列联表中超过20%的格子T<5时使用蒙特卡洛模拟确切概率,检验水准α=0.05。
全省二季度新报告且CD4≥200个/ml的感染者共539例,最终获得pol区有效序列490条,获得率90.90%(490/539)。研究对象主要人口学特征为:男、女性别比3.45∶1;年龄为16~89岁,中位年龄为52岁;汉族占90.20%(442/490);已婚占41.63%(204/490),其次为未婚人群占34.49%(169/490);初中及以上文化人群占64.69%(317/490);54.49%(267/490)的感染者为农民。见表1。
2.2.1 亚型社会人口学分布 本次检出的主要亚型为CRF07_BC(41.22%,202/490)、CRF01_AE(31.84%,156/490),其次是CRF08_BC(8.98%, 44/490)、CRF55_01B(4.29%, 21/490)、B(4.29%, 21/490)、CRF85_BC(2.45%,12/490)、C(1.84%,9/490)、其他(3.06%,15/490)及URF(2.04%,10/490)。URF重组类型包括CRF01_AE/B(30.00%, 3/10)、 CRF01_AE/C(30.00%, 3/10)、CRF01_AE/B/C(20.00%, 2/10)、 B/C(10.00%,1/10)、CRF01_AE/B/C/G(10.00%,1/10)。HIV的亚型在婚姻、年龄、学历、职业、感染途径检出构成比不同,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中不同年龄段中,CRF85_BC以60岁以上人群为主,URF以30岁以下人群为主。CRF85_BC感染者中,小学学历占比高于其他学历;URF亚型中,大专学历感染者多于其他层次学历;其他各亚型在不同学历层分布较为复杂多样。除URF外,各亚型均是农民为主且异性传播多于同性传播。见表1。
2.2.2 亚型的地域分布 益阳市、湘潭市和娄底市以CRF01_AE亚型为主,其他各市均以CRF07_BC亚型为主。除了这两种主要优势毒株,张家界市以B亚型为第二优势毒株,娄底市以CRF08_BC为第二优势毒株。91.67%(11/12)的CRF85_BC分布在邵阳市,B亚型在张家界市的占比最高,为33.33%(7/21),40%(4/10)的URF分布在长沙市。见表2、图1。
2.2.3 CRF07_BC和CRF01_AE亚簇分析CRF01_AE亚型在湖南形成了7个流行亚簇,分别为C1~C5、C9和其他亚簇。CRF01_AE的亚簇中,C1亚簇的占比最高,为45.51%(71/156),其次为C4亚簇,占25.00%(39/156)。CRF07_BC亚型在传播中形成了MSM亚簇和other亚簇,占比分别为52.97%和47.03%。CRF01_AE的C1、C2、C9亚簇的感染途径均以异性性行为为主,C5亚簇以同性性行为感染为主(P<0.05)。CRF07_BC的MSM亚簇中同性传播多于异性传播,other亚簇以异性传播为主(P<0.05)。见表3。
共38例感染者(7.76%)pol基因检出13个低度及以上耐药突变位点。3例有蛋白酶抑制剂(protease inhibitors, PIs)类耐药突变;5例有核苷类反转录酶抑制剂(nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors ,NRTIs)类耐药突变;30例有非核苷酸反转录酶抑制剂(nonnucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors, NNRTIs)。耐药突变点主要包括K103N/S(39.47%,15/38)、E138A/G(15.79%,6/38)、V179A/D/E(15.79%,6/38)、V106I/M(10.53%,4/38)。发生耐药突变的亚型为CRF07_ BC(16例,42.11%)、CRF01_AE(12例,31.58%)、CRF08_ BC(5例,13.16%)、CRF55_01B(2例,5.26%),以及CRF85_BC、A1和C亚型各1例。
本研究纳入的研究对象排除了既往感染病例(CD4≥200个/mm3),目的是为了评估新近传播毒株的亚型分布和流行特征。研究发现湖南省存在多种亚型并存特点,其中CRF07_BC占比最高,其次为CRF01_AE,与钟平等[6]在全国范围进行的分子流行病学调查结果相同。湖南省第一个出现的流行重组型CRF01_AE于2002年被发现[7],该毒株最早在云南省、广西等[8]地被发现后经传播一度成为湖南省HIV-1最主要的流行亚型[9-10]。CRF_BC类亚型自2005年在湖南报道以后引起传播[11],其检出率逐渐增高[12]。有研究认为CRF07_BC进入细胞的辅助性受体为CCR5(R5),与以CXCR4(X4)嗜性为主的CRF01_AE亚型相比,其疾病进展更加缓慢,因此对病毒的传播更加有利[13]。这可能导致了CRF07_BC逐渐取代CRF01_AE成为湖南省占比最高的流行重组型。
CRF01_AE重组亚型包括11个亚簇(C1~C10, other),其中C1亚簇多见于异性性传播人群,C4亚簇多见于男男性行为(MSM)人群,而C9亚簇仅在泰国吸毒人群中发现[14-15]。
本研究中,C1亚簇占比最高,与我省以异性传播为主的流行特征相符;C4亚簇中,MSM和异性性行为感染者占比接近,提示我省部分MSM人群中可能存在双性性行为,要警惕毒株通过桥梁人群从MSM扩散到普通人群;而C9亚簇的检出提示我省可能存在境外输入毒株,要特别警惕境外输入毒株在本地引起传播的风险。CRF07_BC中的MSM亚簇主要流行于MSM人群[16],在本研究中MSM和异性性行为感染者中均检出了CRF07_BC_MSM亚簇,再次说明HIV毒株有可能通过桥梁人群向异性性行为人群传播,提示我们预防和控制HIV毒株在MSM人群中的传播和流行,对于遏制艾滋病在全人群的传播有着极其重要意义。本研究CRF07_BC的传播性耐药突变发生率最高,可能与该亚型占比最大有关。NNRTIs类突变率最高,其中K103N/S为检出最多的耐药突变位点,相关研究显示NNRTIs具有较低的耐药性遗传障碍[17],K103N/S突变出现的概率常高于其他NNRTIs的耐药突变,增强病毒复制传播过程的适应性[18]。提示应该进一步加强传播性耐药监测,关注HIV耐药监测中出现常见耐药位点突变情况,合理选择抗病毒治疗方案,从而减少抗病毒治疗失败的情况。
本研究中还发现了CRF55_01B、CRF85_BC、URF等新型重组亚型。CRF55_01B是以MSM传播为主的新型代表毒株,最早在深圳MSM人群中被发现[19],随后扩散到异性性行为人群,近年来在湖南常有报导[14]。本研究中,异性性行为传播的CRF55_01B(71.43%)明显高于MSM(28.57%),表明该毒株已经从MSM人群传播至普通人群,造成传播范围的扩大。相关研究也表示CRF55_01B具有更高的传播风险[20],对于活跃的CRF55_01B传播簇,应加强传播网络监测,实施精准干预,遏制病毒株的进一步传播与扩散。CRF85_BC是最近几年出现的重组亚型,相关的研究报道甚少,本研究中CRF85_BC集中在邵东市(县级市)出现,以老年商业异性性行为传播为主,与Su等[21]在四川省的研究结果相似。在URF中,80%为30岁以下的MSM人群,青年MSM人群存在多性伴和无保护性性行为[22],同一个人可能感染不同毒株,从而形成新型的重组亚型。
本研究还发现湖南省HIV-1毒株在各市州的分布有较大的差异。益阳市、娄底市和湘潭市的CRF01_AE亚型占比高于CRF07_BC,但是均小于Zou等人[12]2012—2017在湖南省的研究结果,说明这几个市CRF01_AE亚型也呈下降趋势,与我省整体亚型构成变化趋势相吻合。张家界的B亚型占全省感染者的三分之一,明显高于其他市州。B亚型是人类首次分离到出的毒株[23],相关研究显示,张家界HIV首批报告感染者是去河南献血从而导致感染B亚型的农民,而后通过商业异性性行为在当地老年人群中传播扩散[24-25]。邵东市的CRF85_BC占全省的83.33%(10/12),作为我省新出现的亚型,且主要在老年人群中通过商业异性性行为传播,说明该地区可能有一个快速增长的活跃簇正在通过老年商业异性性行为传播,提示我们在下一步的研究中针对该活跃簇构建分子传播网络,追踪超级传播者与潜在传播网络,为精准防控提供数据支持。长沙市是URF的重要流行区域,可能是由于长沙市经济交通发达,MSM人群性行为活跃且人员流动频繁,从而促进了HIV新型毒株的重组和传播。
本研究也存在一定的局限性,主要是只针对pol基因区段进行了测序,缺乏病毒株全基因组信息,对独特重组亚型特别是一些新出现的重组亚型的判定缺乏足够的分子生物学信息支持,存在误判的可能。
综上所述,湖南省亚型分布复杂多样,CRF07_BC目前成为湖南最主要的优势毒株,病毒株有从通过桥梁人群(双性性行为)由MSM人群向异性性行为人群扩散的风险。传播方式的多样化导致同一人群或不同高危人群之间交叉感染,不断产生新的重组型。提示我们仍需继续进行HIV-1毒株分子流行病监测,掌握新型重组亚型的流行,同时要利用分子生物学技术对MSM和老年人群实施精准干预。
  • 湖南省自然科学基金科卫联合项目(2023JJ60014)
  • 湖南省卫生健康高层次人才支持计划项目(2023-32)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407257
  • 接收时间:2024-07-14
  • 首发时间:2026-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-01-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-14
基金
湖南省自然科学基金科卫联合项目(2023JJ60014)
湖南省卫生健康高层次人才支持计划项目(2023-32)
作者信息
    1.南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南 衡阳 421001
    2.湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南 衡阳 421000

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多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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