Article(id=1241102740005376168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404207, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1712937600000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773831551790, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773831551790, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773831551790, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831551790, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241102730337505325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='14', pageStart='2497', pageEnd='2688', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773831549486, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831697291, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2535, endPage=2540, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241102740374474941, articleId=1241102740005376168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=A Study on the quality of life and its influencing factors of urban and rural residents among five cities of Hubei Province, columnId=1228016567443718970, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods Advances, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To analyze the quality of life (QOL) and its related factors among residents, and to explore the contribution of each factors to QOL by Shapley method, so as to provide references for health policy making.
Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted in 5 cities of Hubei Province from July to August 2021 by stratified random sampling to measure the QOL of 1 387 residents according to SF-12 scale, multivariate regression model and Shapley decomposition method were applied to analyze the influencing factors and its contribution to QOL.
Results The scores of residents’ physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were 71.04±17.43 and 75.70±12.51 respectively. Age≥60 (β=-6.073), employment status (retirement (β=-12.752), unemployed (β=-7.292)), annual income (50 000-100 000 Yuan (β=3.516), >100 000 Yuan (β=6.169)), no chronic disease history (β=9.202), and no physical exercise (β=-3.182) had significant effects on PCS (P<0.05), whereas married (β=2.106), employment status (retirement (β=-6.788),unemployed (β=-5.174)), personal annual income >100 000 Yuan (β=3.842), without medical insurance (β=-4.455), no chronic disease history (β=3.450) and no physical exercise (β=-2.056) had significant effects on MCS (P<0.05). Shapley decomposition results showed that employment, chronic medical history and income were the main influencing factors of residents’ quality of life. The variables contributing to PCS were chronic disease history (32%), age (25%), employment status (24%),income (12%) and weekly exercise (7%). The factors mainly contributing to MCS were employment status (35%), chronic disease history (21%), income (18%), weekly exercise (12%).
Conclusion The overall quality of life of residents in survey areas of Hubei is good. Employment status, chronic disease history, income and weekly exercise are main influencing factors of residents’ quality of life. Increasing income levels, strengthening chronic disease management, and improving health behaviors may improve residents’ quality of life.
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目的 探讨居民生命质量及其影响因素,运用Shapley法分析各影响因素对生命质量的贡献度,为相关政策的制定提供科学依据。
方法 采用分层随机抽样方法于2021年7—8月对湖北省五城市城乡居民进行问卷调查,依据SF-12量表调查居民的生命质量,用多元回归模型和Shapley分解法分析生命质量影响因素及其贡献程度。
结果 共调查1 387人,调查地区居民的生理健康(Physical Component Summary,PCS)得分为71.04±17.43,心理健康(Mental Component Summary, MCS)得分为75.70±12.51。年龄≥60(β=-6.073)、就业情况( 离退休(β=-12.752),无业(β=-7.292))、个人年收入(5~10万(β=3.516),>10万(β=6.169))、无慢性病史(β=9.202)、很少锻炼(β=-3.182)对居民生理健康产生显著影响(P<0.05),在婚(β=2.106)、就业情况(离退休(β=-6.788),无业(β=-5.174))、个人年收入>10万(β=3.842)、无医保(β=-4.455)、无慢性病史(β=3.450)、很少锻炼(β=-2.056)对居民心理健康有显著影响(P<0.05)。影响PCS的变量按贡献率排序为慢性病史(32%)、年龄(25%)、就业情况(24%)、个人年收入(12%)、每周锻炼(7%);对MCS贡献率较大的因素依次为就业情况(35%)、慢性病史(21%)、个人年收入(18%)、每周锻炼(12%)。
结论 湖北部分地区居民整体生命质量良好,就业情况、慢性病史、年收入和每周锻炼是居民生命质量的主要影响因素。提高收入水平,加强慢性病防控,促进健康生活方式,有助于居民生命质量的提高。
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雷晓盛(1970—),女,硕士,教授,研究方向:卫生管理
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1.湖北中医药大学管理学院,湖北 武汉 430060)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241102744094822735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102744103211343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, companyId=1241102744094822735, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.南京中医药大学护理学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241102746179392032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Decomposition of factors affecting the PCS, figureFileSmall=UgfHnK5mr9gqCjpbSSRJjg==, figureFileBig=QhoXCampwxuXaJrFTWdB9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241102746271666730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
各影响因素对居民PCS的贡献率, figureFileSmall=UgfHnK5mr9gqCjpbSSRJjg==, figureFileBig=QhoXCampwxuXaJrFTWdB9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241102746527519302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Decomposition of factors affecting the MCS, figureFileSmall=ECoWMU2t6hUTEcAUvAJ2UQ==, figureFileBig=H2ZmeJBIs5QBmu0Lb57nCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241102746632376914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
各影响因素对居民MCS的贡献率, figureFileSmall=ECoWMU2t6hUTEcAUvAJ2UQ==, figureFileBig=H2ZmeJBIs5QBmu0Lb57nCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241102746712068695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Scores and correlation of QOL and its various dimensions for residents
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维 度 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 相关系数 |
|---|
| PCS | MCS |
|---|
| GH躯体健康 | 48.93 | 23.31 | 0.367a | 0.353a |
| PF生理功能 | 82.04 | 24.32 | 0.627a | 0.497a |
| RP生理职能 | 77.95 | 21.50 | 0.774a | 0.553a |
| BP躯体疼痛 | 75.25 | 25.06 | 0.787a | 0.468a |
| RE情感职能 | 80.79 | 19.27 | 0.767a | 0.648a |
| MH精神健康 | 71.76 | 13.88 | 0.547a | 0.669a |
| VT活力状况 | 68.89 | 21.69 | 0.310a | 0.693a |
| SF社会功能 | 81.35 | 20.59 | 0.418a | 0.644a |
| PCS生理健康 | 71.04 | 17.43 | 1.000 | 0.631a |
| MCS心理健康 | 75.70 | 12.51 | 0.631a | 1.000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748222018146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
居民生命质量、各维度评分及其相关关系
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维 度 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 相关系数 |
|---|
| PCS | MCS |
|---|
| GH躯体健康 | 48.93 | 23.31 | 0.367a | 0.353a |
| PF生理功能 | 82.04 | 24.32 | 0.627a | 0.497a |
| RP生理职能 | 77.95 | 21.50 | 0.774a | 0.553a |
| BP躯体疼痛 | 75.25 | 25.06 | 0.787a | 0.468a |
| RE情感职能 | 80.79 | 19.27 | 0.767a | 0.648a |
| MH精神健康 | 71.76 | 13.88 | 0.547a | 0.669a |
| VT活力状况 | 68.89 | 21.69 | 0.310a | 0.693a |
| SF社会功能 | 81.35 | 20.59 | 0.418a | 0.644a |
| PCS生理健康 | 71.04 | 17.43 | 1.000 | 0.631a |
| MCS心理健康 | 75.70 | 12.51 | 0.631a | 1.000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748343652972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Comparison of QOL with different characteristics of residents
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变 量 | 人数(%) | PCS | MCS |
|---|
| 均值 | T/F | P | 均值 | T/F | P |
|---|
| 性别 | | | 1.66 | 0.098 | | -0.15 | 0.882 |
| 男性 | 696(52.10) | 71.81 | | | 75.65 | | |
| 女性 | 640(47.90) | 70.21 | | | 75.76 | | |
| 年龄 | | | 107.82 | 0.000 | | 21.55 | 0.000 |
| <45 | 767(57.41) | 75.16 | | | 76.63 | | |
| 45~59 | 412(30.84) | 69.71 | | | 76.29 | | |
| ≥60 | 157(11.75) | 54.41 | | | 69.63 | | |
| 是否在婚 | | | -0.71 | 0.479 | | -3.38 | 0.001 |
| 未在婚 | 992(74.25) | 70.43 | | | 73.60 | | |
| 在婚 | 344(25.75) | 71.25 | | | 76.44 | | |
| 居住地 | | | 1.08 | 0.279 | | -0.53 | 0.594 |
| 城市 | 727(54.42) | 71.42 | | | 75.55 | | |
| 农村 | 609(45.58) | 70.36 | | | 75.92 | | |
| 医保状况 | | | -1.65 | 0.099 | | -3.49 | 0.001 |
| 无 | 1 289(96.48) | 66.67 | | | 69.25 | | |
| 有 | 47(3.52) | 71.17 | | | 75.92 | | |
| 教育程度 | | | 32.32 | 0.000 | | 11.18 | 0.000 |
| 小学及以下 | 207(15.49) | 64.09 | | | 72.66 | | |
| 初中/高中 | 723(54.12) | 70.47 | | | 75.49 | | |
| 大专及以上 | 406(30.39) | 75.66 | | | 77.64 | | |
| 就业情况 | | | 132.46 | 0.000 | | 47.92 | 0.000 |
| 在业 | 1 008(75.45) | 74.94 | | | 77.55 | | |
| 离退休 | 108(8.08) | 53.07 | | | 69.19 | | |
| 无业 | 220(16.47) | 62.01 | | | 70.43 | | |
| 个人年收入 | | | 36.02 | 0.000 | | 15.01 | 0.000 |
| <3万 | 370(27.69) | 63.74 | | | 72.63 | | |
| 3~<5万 | 455(34.06) | 71.98 | | | 75.46 | | |
| 5~10万 | 385(28.82) | 74.78 | | | 77.72 | | |
| >10万 | 126(9.43) | 77.51 | | | 79.46 | | |
| 慢性病 | | | -12.06 | 0.000 | | -6.52 | 0.000 |
| 是 | 330(24.70) | 60.38 | | | 71.85 | | |
| 否 | 1 006(75.30) | 74.56 | | | 76.96 | | |
| 是否吸烟 | | | 5.03 | 0.007 | | 1.82 | 0.163 |
| 吸烟 | 403(30.16) | 70.86 | | | 75.16 | | |
| 已戒烟 | 133(9.96) | 66.67 | | | 74.32 | | |
| 不吸烟 | 800 (59.88) | 71.85 | | | 76.20 | | |
| 是否喝酒 | | | 1.95 | 0.051 | | 0.82 | 0.414 |
| 是 | 535 (40.04) | 72.19 | | | 76.05 | | |
| 否 | 801 (59.96) | 70.28 | | | 75.47 | | |
| 每周锻炼 | | | 5.26 | 0.000 | | 4.48 | 0.000 |
| 是 | 877(65.64) | 72.93 | | | 76.81 | | |
| 否 | 459(34.36) | 67.43 | | | 73.58 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748461093497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
不同特征居民生命质量的比较
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变 量 | 人数(%) | PCS | MCS |
|---|
| 均值 | T/F | P | 均值 | T/F | P |
|---|
| 性别 | | | 1.66 | 0.098 | | -0.15 | 0.882 |
| 男性 | 696(52.10) | 71.81 | | | 75.65 | | |
| 女性 | 640(47.90) | 70.21 | | | 75.76 | | |
| 年龄 | | | 107.82 | 0.000 | | 21.55 | 0.000 |
| <45 | 767(57.41) | 75.16 | | | 76.63 | | |
| 45~59 | 412(30.84) | 69.71 | | | 76.29 | | |
| ≥60 | 157(11.75) | 54.41 | | | 69.63 | | |
| 是否在婚 | | | -0.71 | 0.479 | | -3.38 | 0.001 |
| 未在婚 | 992(74.25) | 70.43 | | | 73.60 | | |
| 在婚 | 344(25.75) | 71.25 | | | 76.44 | | |
| 居住地 | | | 1.08 | 0.279 | | -0.53 | 0.594 |
| 城市 | 727(54.42) | 71.42 | | | 75.55 | | |
| 农村 | 609(45.58) | 70.36 | | | 75.92 | | |
| 医保状况 | | | -1.65 | 0.099 | | -3.49 | 0.001 |
| 无 | 1 289(96.48) | 66.67 | | | 69.25 | | |
| 有 | 47(3.52) | 71.17 | | | 75.92 | | |
| 教育程度 | | | 32.32 | 0.000 | | 11.18 | 0.000 |
| 小学及以下 | 207(15.49) | 64.09 | | | 72.66 | | |
| 初中/高中 | 723(54.12) | 70.47 | | | 75.49 | | |
| 大专及以上 | 406(30.39) | 75.66 | | | 77.64 | | |
| 就业情况 | | | 132.46 | 0.000 | | 47.92 | 0.000 |
| 在业 | 1 008(75.45) | 74.94 | | | 77.55 | | |
| 离退休 | 108(8.08) | 53.07 | | | 69.19 | | |
| 无业 | 220(16.47) | 62.01 | | | 70.43 | | |
| 个人年收入 | | | 36.02 | 0.000 | | 15.01 | 0.000 |
| <3万 | 370(27.69) | 63.74 | | | 72.63 | | |
| 3~<5万 | 455(34.06) | 71.98 | | | 75.46 | | |
| 5~10万 | 385(28.82) | 74.78 | | | 77.72 | | |
| >10万 | 126(9.43) | 77.51 | | | 79.46 | | |
| 慢性病 | | | -12.06 | 0.000 | | -6.52 | 0.000 |
| 是 | 330(24.70) | 60.38 | | | 71.85 | | |
| 否 | 1 006(75.30) | 74.56 | | | 76.96 | | |
| 是否吸烟 | | | 5.03 | 0.007 | | 1.82 | 0.163 |
| 吸烟 | 403(30.16) | 70.86 | | | 75.16 | | |
| 已戒烟 | 133(9.96) | 66.67 | | | 74.32 | | |
| 不吸烟 | 800 (59.88) | 71.85 | | | 76.20 | | |
| 是否喝酒 | | | 1.95 | 0.051 | | 0.82 | 0.414 |
| 是 | 535 (40.04) | 72.19 | | | 76.05 | | |
| 否 | 801 (59.96) | 70.28 | | | 75.47 | | |
| 每周锻炼 | | | 5.26 | 0.000 | | 4.48 | 0.000 |
| 是 | 877(65.64) | 72.93 | | | 76.81 | | |
| 否 | 459(34.36) | 67.43 | | | 73.58 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748612088454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Multivariate stepwise regression analysis of factors affecting the QOL
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| 维度 | 自变量 | β系数(95%CI) | 标准误 | T | P |
|---|
| 生理健康 | 年龄(岁,以<45岁为参照) | | | | |
| 45~59 | -1.379(-3.310~0.553) | 0.984 | -1.40 | 0.162 |
| ≥60 | -6.073(-9.642~-2.504) | 1.819 | -3.34 | 0.001 |
| 就业情况(以在业为参照) | | | | |
| 离退休 | -12.752(-16.603~-8.902) | 1.963 | -6.50 | 0.000 |
| 无业 | -7.292(-9.950~-4.635) | 1.355 | -5.38 | 0.000 |
| 个人年收入(以<3万为参照) | | | | |
| 3~<5万 | 1.718(-0.643~4.080) | 1.204 | 1.43 | 0.154 |
| 5~10万 | 3.516(1.026~6.007) | 1.269 | 2.77 | 0.006 |
| >10万 | 6.169(2.881~9.456) | 1.676 | 3.68 | 0.000 |
| 慢性病史(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | 9.202(7.129~11.275) | 1.056 | 8.71 | 0.000 |
| 每周锻炼(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | -3.182(-4.939~-1.425) | 0.896 | -3.55 | 0.000 |
| 心理健康 | 是否在婚(以否为参照) | | | | |
| 是 | 2.106(0.613~3.599) | 0.761 | 2.77 | 0.006 |
| 就业情况(以在业为参照) | | | | |
| 离退休 | -6.788(-9.324~-4.252) | 1.293 | -5.25 | 0.000 |
| 无业 | -5.174(-7.199~-3.150) | 1.032 | -5.01 | 0.000 |
| 个人年收入(以<3万为参照) | | | | |
| 3~<5万 | -0.246(-2.077~1.584) | 0.933 | -0.26 | 0.792 |
| 5~10万 | 1.392(-0.541~3.326) | 0.986 | 1.41 | 0.158 |
| >10万 | 3.842(1.267~6.417) | 1.313 | 2.93 | 0.003 |
| 医保状况(以有医保为参照) | | | | |
| 无 | -4.455(-7.981~-0.929) | 1.797 | -2.48 | 0.013 |
| 慢性病史(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | 3.450(1.909~4.990) | 0.785 | 4.39 | 0.000 |
| 每周锻炼(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | -2.056(-3.428~-0.684) | 1.699 | -2.94 | 0.003 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748750500496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740005376168, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
居民生命质量影响因素的多元逐步回归分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维度 | 自变量 | β系数(95%CI) | 标准误 | T | P |
|---|
| 生理健康 | 年龄(岁,以<45岁为参照) | | | | |
| 45~59 | -1.379(-3.310~0.553) | 0.984 | -1.40 | 0.162 |
| ≥60 | -6.073(-9.642~-2.504) | 1.819 | -3.34 | 0.001 |
| 就业情况(以在业为参照) | | | | |
| 离退休 | -12.752(-16.603~-8.902) | 1.963 | -6.50 | 0.000 |
| 无业 | -7.292(-9.950~-4.635) | 1.355 | -5.38 | 0.000 |
| 个人年收入(以<3万为参照) | | | | |
| 3~<5万 | 1.718(-0.643~4.080) | 1.204 | 1.43 | 0.154 |
| 5~10万 | 3.516(1.026~6.007) | 1.269 | 2.77 | 0.006 |
| >10万 | 6.169(2.881~9.456) | 1.676 | 3.68 | 0.000 |
| 慢性病史(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | 9.202(7.129~11.275) | 1.056 | 8.71 | 0.000 |
| 每周锻炼(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | -3.182(-4.939~-1.425) | 0.896 | -3.55 | 0.000 |
| 心理健康 | 是否在婚(以否为参照) | | | | |
| 是 | 2.106(0.613~3.599) | 0.761 | 2.77 | 0.006 |
| 就业情况(以在业为参照) | | | | |
| 离退休 | -6.788(-9.324~-4.252) | 1.293 | -5.25 | 0.000 |
| 无业 | -5.174(-7.199~-3.150) | 1.032 | -5.01 | 0.000 |
| 个人年收入(以<3万为参照) | | | | |
| 3~<5万 | -0.246(-2.077~1.584) | 0.933 | -0.26 | 0.792 |
| 5~10万 | 1.392(-0.541~3.326) | 0.986 | 1.41 | 0.158 |
| >10万 | 3.842(1.267~6.417) | 1.313 | 2.93 | 0.003 |
| 医保状况(以有医保为参照) | | | | |
| 无 | -4.455(-7.981~-0.929) | 1.797 | -2.48 | 0.013 |
| 慢性病史(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | 3.450(1.909~4.990) | 0.785 | 4.39 | 0.000 |
| 每周锻炼(以是为参照) | | | | |
| 否 | -2.056(-3.428~-0.684) | 1.699 | -2.94 | 0.003 |
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