Under conditions of partial shading caused by cloud cover, dust accumulation, building obstructions, and vessel movement during navigation, photovoltaic arrays deployed on ship decks exhibit multi-peak characteristics in their power-voltage output curves. This renders traditional maximum power point tracking （MPPT） algorithms inadequate for optimal power extraction. To address this issue, this study proposes a hybrid MPPT control method combining improved frilled lizard optimization algorithm with variable step perturbation and observation method （IFLO-IP&O） for shipboard photovoltaic systems. The methodology involves three key innovations： First, the integration of non-standard Circle chaotic mapping, Lévy flight strategy, and triangular random walk strategy into the Frilled Lizard Optimization algorithm creates an enhanced global search capability to locate the neighborhood of the global maximum power point （GMPP）. Second, a variable-step perturbation mechanism enables precise tracking of GMPP. Third, an adaptive switching logic seamlessly integrates these two algorithms into a unified framework, which is then applied to shipboard photovoltaic systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IFLO-IP&O hybrid method achieves superior performance in convergence speed, tracking accuracy, and oscillation suppression across various illumination scenarios.

PV power  /  maximum power point tracking  /  partial shaded  /  control algorithms  /  variable step size perturbation and observation method  /  frilled lizard optimization algorithm