To address the issue of low-carbon operation in multi-microgrid distribution systems under conflicting interests, this paper proposes a hybrid-game based low-carbon strategy for multi-microgrid distribution system considering carbon emission responsibilities. Firstly, a carbon accounting mechanism based on carbon flow theory is employed to allocate source-side carbon emissions to the load side, thereby clarifying the carbon emission responsibilities of all parties. Simultaneously, considering the game relationships among multiple stakeholders, a hybrid game-based low-carbon operation framework for multi-microgrid distribution systems is developed. This framework incorporates both master-slave and cooperative game models to enable effective multi-stakeholder participation. In this framework, the master-slave game takes the distribution network as the leader and the multi-microgrids as followers. The distribution network aims to minimize its operation costs while accounting for carbon emissions by optimizing electricity pricing. This pricing strategy guides the demand response and operational behaviors of the multi-microgrids, leveraging their collaborative carbon reduction potential under carbon flow theory to enhance the low-carbon operational performance of the system. Moreover, using the power interaction data among microgrids obtained from the master-slave game, a cooperative game model based on Nash negotiations theory is established. This model aims to achieve balanced benefit distribution among the microgrids, promoting fairness and enhancing collaborative efficiency within the system. Finally, the proposed hybrid game model is solved using a combined of the dichotomy and the analytical target cascading approach, ensuring efficient and accurate optimization of the system. The case study analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the hybrid game model proposed in this paper in addressing the conflicts of interest between the distribution grid and multi-microgrids, and in improving the low-carbon operation level.

game theory  /  electric load dispatching  /  microgrids  /  carbon emission responsibility  /  Nash negotiations