In order to realize efficient electrostatic adsorption dust removal for photovoltaic modules, the paper designs an aluminum needle-plate electrode type with a needle on the bottom surface. On the basis of clarifying the mechanism of electrostatic adsorption dust removal, COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to establish a coupled simulation model of electrostatic force, charge transfer and charged particle tracking, calculating the distribution of electric field strength, the amount of charge of the dust particles and the dust removal rate in the dust removal device, and setting up an experimental platform for electrostatic adsorption dust removal to verify the reliability of the simulation model. The results show that the multi-needle aluminum needle-plate electrode type significantly improves the efficiency of electrostatic adsorption dust removal, the dust removal rate can reach 96.84% after 3 s of device operation, and the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules can reach 93.89% under the state of no dust. Compared with the ordinary aluminum plate, the use of needle-plate electrode type can make the small-sized particles adhered to the surface of the photovoltaic module significantly reduced.

photovoltaic modules  /  electrostatic devices  /  electrodes  /  multi-physics field simulation  /  dust removal