Abstract—This paper proposes a collaborative design method for enhancing the power factor and torque of electric motors. First, the intrinsic relationship between flux linkage analysis of the permanent magnet (PM) and armature field and the power factor is explored. Then, the connection between flux linkage and harmonics is established, clarifying the mechanism for improving power factor and torque. Improvements are focused on the PM and permeance. Regarding the PM structure, employing a Y-shaped PM structure effectively increases PM utilization, reduces leakage flux at the outer ends, and enhances the PM flux linkage. Concerning permeance, stator tooth design is optimized to cooperatively improve permeance harmonics, reduce the non-working flux linkage of the armature field, and enhance the fundamental modulation wave of the armature field responsible for torque generation. This improves the power factor while maintaining motor torque. Finally, through PM structural design, the motor torque performance is optimized. Furthermore, the performance of the Y-shaped PM motor is evaluated. A prototype was manufactured and tested. Theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method to a significant extent.

Permanent magnet vernier motor  /  Flux linkage  /  Power factor  /  Torque