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Food contaminants pose a serious challenge to public health and the food industry, and there is an urgent need to develop more advanced detection techniques and updated prevention strategies. Although the traditional culture technology has played an important role in the detection of food contaminants, there are obvious limitations in the detection speed, sensitivity and specificity. With the increasing expansion of global food trade, the growing production scale of food enterprises, and the increasing attention of the public to food safety, food safety has become a hot topic around the world. Food contaminants are mainly divided into chemical and biological categories, including but not limited to pesticide and veterinary drug residues, heavy metal ions, abused food additives, foodborne pathogens and mycotoxins. In recent years, with the rapid development of cutting-edge technologies such as molecular biology technology, biosensors, nanotechnology and advanced imaging technology, these innovative methods are gradually overcoming the limitations of traditional detection methods. This paper discussed the principles, advantages and limitations of these innovative detection technologies in depth, and reviewed the latest research progress in the field of food detection. By comparing different detection methods, this paper aims to provide guidance for selecting suitable detection technology to achieve rapid and accurate detection and analysis of food contaminants.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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