Objective In order to prevent the volatilization loss of volatile oil components such as bornyl acetate in Amomum villosum powder during storage, a reasonable and effective storage conditions and storage validity period of Amomum villosum powder were developed, so as to improve the quality stability and food efficiency of terminal products. Methods The samples of Amomum villosum powder in different storage environments [high temperature (35°C), cool (10~15°C) and cold storage (0~5°C)] were sampled every week, and the contents of bornyl acetate and volatile oil were determined respectively. Finally, the trend analysis was carried out according to the content results. Results According to the experimental results, the contents of bornyl acetate and volatile oil in Amomum villosum powder under different storage conditions were quite different. The contents of bornyl acetate and volatile oil in Amomum villosum powder under cold storage conditions were slightly higher than those under shade conditions, but they were significantly higher than those under high temperature storage conditions. Conclusion The research results provide an in-depth analysis of the changes in the main components of Amomum villosum powder under different storage conditions, providing important reference for enterprises to choose the storage method of Amomum villosum powder.