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Analysis of VOCs Differences between Different Formulations of Five-spice Flavored Oils Based on GC-MS and GC-IMS
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Jiacheng XU1, Wenjing LU2, Di CHEN2, Cen ZHANG2, Xuan CHEN2, Haitao CHEN3, Guangyin CHEN4, Xingquan LIU1, *, Chaogeng XIAO2, *
Science and Technology of Food Industry | 2026, 47(7) : 304 - 315
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Science and Technology of Food Industry | 2026, 47(7): 304-315
• Analysis and Determination •
Analysis of VOCs Differences between Different Formulations of Five-spice Flavored Oils Based on GC-MS and GC-IMS
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Jiacheng XU1, Wenjing LU2, Di CHEN2, Cen ZHANG2, Xuan CHEN2, Haitao CHEN3, Guangyin CHEN4, Xingquan LIU1, *, Chaogeng XIAO2, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
  • 2Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
  • 3Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
  • 4Zhejiang Dingwei Food Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China
Published: 2026-04-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030296
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In order to explore the differences in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among six different formulations of five-spice seasoning oils, electronic nose, headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) were used in this study. The electronic nose sensor had a strong response to alkanes, alcohols, ketones and aldehydes in VOCs, and PF6 had a strong flavor response. HS-SPME-GC-MS identified 118 VOCs in the six formulations, including olefins, esters, ketones, alcohols, alkanes, aldehydes, acids, phenols, ethers, and heterocyclic compounds. Anise-based PF1 had 31 VOCs, PF3 had 33, PF5 had 37, and PF6 had 46; Cinnamon-based PF2 had 47; Galangal-based PF4 had 32. Relative odor activity value (ROAV) analysis found 14 key VOCs, with anisaldehyde, artemisia ketone, and eucalyptol (responsible for anise and camphor-like aromas) being the major contributors. A total of 45 VOCs were identified by GC-IMS, through principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), 19 key VOCs differentiating the formulations were found, such as phenethyl alcohol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, ethyl hexanoate, oxylinalool, 1-octanol, and 1-penten-3-one. This study is helpful to provide a basis for the study of complex flavor system, and provide a reference for the development of spice products.

five-spice seasoning oils  /  E-nose  /  headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS)  /  gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS)  /  flavor substances
徐嘉成, 卢文静, 谌迪, 张岑, 陈轩, 陈海涛, 陈光银, 刘兴泉, 肖朝耿. 基于GC-MS和GC-IMS分析不同配方五香调味油的挥发性物质差异. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (7) : 304 -315 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030296
Jiacheng XU, Wenjing LU, Di CHEN, Cen ZHANG, Xuan CHEN, Haitao CHEN, Guangyin CHEN, Xingquan LIU, Chaogeng XIAO. Analysis of VOCs Differences between Different Formulations of Five-spice Flavored Oils Based on GC-MS and GC-IMS[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (7) : 304 -315 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030296
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Year 2026 volume 47 Issue 7
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030296
  • Receive Date：2025-03-25
  • Online Date：2026-10-24
  • Published：2026-04-01
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History
  • Received：2025-03-25
Affiliations
    1College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
    2Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
    3Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
    4Zhejiang Dingwei Food Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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