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In order to improve the high-value utilization of sunflower seed protein, composite particles were prepared using sunflower seed protein (SSP) and xanthan gum (XG) as raw materials and used to stabilize Pickering emulsions. SSP-XG was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the effect of the mass ratio of SSP to XG on the properties of SSP-XG particles. Particle size, Zeta potential, emulsifying activity index (EAI), and emulsion stability index (ESI) as indicators, this study analyzed the effects of different SSP-XG mass ratios and oil phase volume fractions on the microstructure, rheological properties and stability of Pickering emulsions. The results showed that hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and hydrophobic interactions existed between SSP and XG. The addition of XG made the SSP-XG surface smoother and increased the contact angle measurement value. The mass of SSP to XG ratio was 5:1, and the Pickering emulsion with an oil phase volume fraction of 70% exhibited the smallest particle size (6.65 μm), the highest Zeta potential (28.82 mV), and the highest EAI and ESI (1.26 m2/g, 154.81 min), the droplets were evenly distributed, forming a well developed gel network structure, and demonstrated excellent emulsification and stability. Additionally, it showed a lower emulsification index when stored at 4 ℃. They also had high pH, ionic stability and heat stability. The shear thinning behavior of rheology indicated that the emulsion was a non-Newtonian fluid. Laser confocal microscopy showed composite particles surrounding oil phase droplets, forming an oil-in-water (O/W) type emulsion. This study provides useful reference for the development of new green food-grade Pickering emulsions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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