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Outline
To enable sensitive detection of antibiotic residues in meat products, red-emissive carbon dots (R-CDs) with dual-emission, synthesized by one step via a solvothermal method using biomass Epipremnum aureum as the carbon source, were employed to construct a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for detecting tetracycline (TC) residues in three types of meat products. The results demonstrated that the R-CDs were well-dispersed and quasi-spherical, composed of amorphous carbon cores and conjugated sp2 domains, with surfaces rich in -OH, -NH2, -COOH, and aromatic active groups. The R-CDs exhibited good fluorescence stability under the conditions of a 10-fold dilution, pH7.0, an incubation time of 15 min, and temperatures of 15~60 ℃. Upon excitation at 410 nm, the R-CDs displayed distinct dual-emission peaks at 505 nm and 672 nm. TC selectively quenched the fluorescence at 672 nm while enhancing the emission at 505 nm, enabling a ratiometric sensing platform based on the intensity ratio (F505/F672). The sensor demonstrated a good linear response in the range of 0~4.00 μg/mL, with a detection limit of 0.091 μg/mL, and exhibited high selectivity toward TC. Furthermore, a semi-quantitative visual detection method was developed using smartphone-based image analysis with RGB signals, achieving a detection limit of 0.024 μg/mL within the range of 0~2.50 μg/mL. Spiked recovery tests on pork, chicken, and beef samples yielded recoveries ranging from 96.80% to 104.20%, with relative standard deviations of less than 2.41%, confirming the method’s accuracy and reliability. This study contributes to a green, sensitive, and practical strategy for the on-site, rapid, and visual monitoring of TC residues in food.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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