In this study, hairtail by-products were used as raw materials to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions for preparing α-glucosidase (α-GLU) inhibitory peptides using flavourzyme, through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. The optimal hydrolysis conditions were determined to be an enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃, pH8.0, enzymatic hydrolysis time of 5.3 h, and enzyme addition of 9620 U/g. Under these conditions, the α-GLU inhibition rate of the inhibitory peptide from hairtail waste (IPHW) reached 64.8%±0.6%. Molecular weight analysis indicated that IPHW was mainly composed of oligopeptides with molecular weights below 1000 Da, accounting for 89.5%. In vitro stability tests showed that IPHW exhibited high stability under neutral or mildly alkaline pH, non-high-temperature, UV-shielded, and metal ion-free conditions (Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+). After simulated gastrointestinal digestion, IPHW retained more than 85% of its inhibitory activity, demonstrating good digestive stability. These results provide a novel approach for the high-value utilization of hairtail by-products and offer a theoretical basis for the development of natural, safe, and effective α-GLU inhibitory hypoglycemic peptides.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |