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Objective: To explore the stabilization and modification mechanisms of Polysaccharide of Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing (PNSK) on nano-selenium particles (SeNP), and the changes in biological activity before and after modification. Method: Using polysaccharide of PNSK as the raw material, Polysaccharide of Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing nano-selenium particles (PNSK-SeNP) was prepared by the sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and ascorbic acid (VC) redox method. The structure of PNSK and PNSK-SeNP were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antioxidant and anticancer activity of PNSK and PNSK-SeNP were comparatively analyzed. Results: The selenium content of PNSK-SeNP was 52.03±0.20 mg/g and the particle size was 166.83±4.51 nm. No obvious difference was observed in the molar ratio of monosaccharides of PNSK-SeNP before and after preparation. The presence of a Se 3d signal peak in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of PNSK-SeNP, and the selenium element existed in the 0-valent state. Both infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the main structure and functional groups of PNSK were preserved in PNSK-SeNP, and no new chemical bonds were formed between SeNP and PNSK. The antioxidant assay found that the IC50 of PNSK and PNSK-SeNP for hydroxyl radical (·OH) were 4.45 and 0.55 mg/mL, respectively, and for 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), diammonium salt radicals (ABTS+) were 4.58 and 0.79 mg/mL, respectively, and for the A549 lung cancer cells were 0.87 and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the migration of A549 lung cancer cells could be effectively inhibited by PNSK-SeNP, and apoptosis could also be induced. A significant correlation between the selenium content of PNSK-SeNP and its antioxidant and anticancer effects were revealed by correlation analysis. Conclusion: Nano-selenium can be effectively stabilized by PNSK, and the in vitro antioxidant and anti-cancer activities of PNSK-SeNP can be significantly enhanced compared with PNSK.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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