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Objective: This study aimed to examine the immunomodulatory effects of β-glucan on the compromised intestinal barrier caused by alcohol exposure and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: A murine model of alcohol consumption was used to assess the impact of β-glucan on biochemical parameters in serum and intestinal tissues, as well as on the pathological morphology of intestinal tissues. Mice were administered β-glucan through gavage at varying concentrations (low dose, 0.1 g/mL; high dose, 0.2 g/mL) once daily. Results: Compared with the levels in model group, mice receiving both low and high doses of β-glucan exhibited a significant increase in the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A and interleukin (IL)-10, with a notable decrease in IL-6 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, β-glucan treatment significantly modulated Escherichia coli levels in both tissues and cecal contents, while downregulating lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase levels (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Furthermore, β-glucan markedly ameliorated the pathological alterations in intestinal tissues, preserved the structural integrity and functionality of goblet cells, and inhibited apoptosis. It also facilitated the regulatory expression of intestinal barrier proteins ZO-1 and Claudin-1, while suppressing IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway activation, thereby protecting the intestinal tract. Conclusion: β-glucan exerts a protective effect on the alcohol-damaged intestinal barrier, effectively enhancing intestinal barrier function in mice, regulating Escherichia coli levels, and inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway activation and apoptosis.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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