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This study established an integrated analytical strategy combining elemental profiling via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and spectral fingerprinting via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to discriminate geographical origins of Larimichthys crocea (L. crocea) from five coastal Chinese cities: Zhoushan, Taizhou, Wenzhou, Ningde, and Zhanjiang. Significant inter-origin variations (P<0.05) were observed in the mass fractions of 13 key elements: aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and tin (Sn). Region-specific elemental signatures were identified: Taizhou samples demonstrated maximal Al, Se, and Hg content with minimal As levels; Zhoushan samples contained peak Ni concentrations; Wenzhou samples exhibited significantly elevated Ti, Cr, Mn, and Sr alongside minimal Se; whereas Zhanjiang samples showed maximal As levels with suppressed Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Ba, and Pb. Multivariate chemometric analysis of the integrated ICP-MS/FTIR dataset, incorporating principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), achieved precise discrimination among the five geographical origins. PCA revealed five distinct, non-overlapping clusters in the score plot (PC1/PC2 cumulative variance=74.7%). CA further confirmed independent clustering by origin. The LDA model achieved 100% accuracy in re-substitution validation and 97.3% in cross-validation. This work demonstrates that ICP-MS/FTIR integration augmented by chemometrics establishes a rapid, highly accurate platform for authenticating L. crocea geographical origin, providing a robust framework for safeguarding aquatic geographical indications.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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