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The present study aimed to enhance the quality of purple sweet potato preserves by fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum. The optimized fermentation process for purple sweet potato preserved fruit (FPSF) was developed using single-factor and orthogonal experiments. Then, this study compared the differences in color, total acid, soluble sugar, texture, water distribution, and tissue structure between the FPSF and the unfermented purple sweet potato preserved fruit (UPSF) directly soaked in sugar under the same conditions. The results revealed the optimal production process of FPSF was as follows: fermentation with 2% L. plantarum for 24 h, solid-liquid ratio of 1:8 (g/g), microwave sugar-soaking at 560 W for 25 min in a 40% (g/g) sugar solution, soaking in sugar at room temperature for 8 h, and drying at 60 ℃ for 140 min. Findings indicated FPSF had a bright color, a sweet and sour taste, and a crisp texture. Compared with UPSF, its total acid content increased by 1.13 times, and texture indexes such as hardness and chewiness nearly doubled. The water mobility of FPSF was lower than that of UPSF. The proportion of the peak area of T22 (immobile water) increased to 91.17%. The degree of surface water aggregation decreased significantly, and the tissue structure became more complete and compact. The overall sensory comprehensive score of FPSF was approximately 16.77% higher than that of UPSF. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the development of diversified preserved fruit products and the modification of the tissue structure of fruits and vegetables.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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