Article(id=1321170345701261670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1321170163563614210, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1738857600000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792921156572, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1769875200000, pubDateStr=2026-02-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921156572, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921156572, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921156572, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321170163563614210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='497', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769875200000', pubDateStr='2026-02-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921113148, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921113148, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=303, endPage=312, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321170345936142695, articleId=1321170345701261670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effect of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction on the Hydrodistillation of Volatile Components from White Pepper Essential Oil, columnId=1261343843585241413, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Analysis and Determination, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To compare the differences in volatile components between white pepper essential oil extracted by ultrasound-assisted steam distillation and traditional steam distillation, the two methods were used to prepare the essential oil in this study. Subsequently, combined with LLE, the sample was comprehensively analyzed using GC×GC-O-TOF-MS. Additionally, aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA) was conducted to screen for aroma-active compounds with a dilution factor (FD) of ≥32 for precise quantification, and their odor activity values (OAVs) were subsequently calculated. The results indicated that a total of 109 volatile odor compounds, including 49 terpenoids, 27 alcohols, 12 ketones, 7 aldehydes, 5 esters, and 9 other compounds, were identified in the two white pepper essential oils. By comparing the types and concentrations of volatile compounds in these oils, it was observed that ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation exhibited effective extraction of terpenoids. Olfactory analysis detected odors from 41 aroma-active compounds in the two white pepper essential oils. The OAVs of aroma-active compounds, including 3-carene, myrcene, α-terpinene, (+)-limonene, p-cymene, caryophyllene, linalool, and terpinine-4-ol, in white pepper essential oils obtained through ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation were all increased. These findings suggested that ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation not only improves the extraction rate of white pepper essential oil but also effectively promotes the generation or release of aroma-active compounds. This study provides a methodology and insights for enhancing the flavor quality of plant essential oils extracted by traditional hydrodistillation.

, authors=Kai SU, Fan YANG, Shuang SUN, Yanbo WANG, Shuang BI*, Ye LIU*, authorsList=Kai SU, Fan YANG, Shuang SUN, Yanbo WANG, Shuang BI, Ye LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shuang BI, Ye LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321170348901515636, articleId=1321170345701261670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=超声辅助方法对水蒸气蒸馏提取白胡椒精油中挥发性成分的影响, columnId=1261343846139572559, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=分析检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为比较超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法与传统水蒸气蒸馏法所提白胡椒精油在挥发性成分上的差异,本研究采用上述两种方法制备精油。继而结合溶剂萃取(Liquid-Liquid Extraction,LLE),采用全二维气相色谱-嗅闻-飞行时间质谱联用技术(Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Olfactometry Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry,GC×GC-O-TOF-MS)对样品进行了全面解析。采用香气提取物稀释分析法(Aroma Extraction Dilution Analysis,AEDA),筛选稀释因子(Flavor Dilution,FD)≥32的香气活性化合物进行精确定量,计算其气味活性值(Odor Activity Value,OAV)。结果表明,两种白胡椒精油共鉴定出109种挥发性成分,其中有49种萜烯类,27种醇类,12种酮类,7种醛类,5种酯类和9种其它类化合物。通过对比两种白胡椒精油挥发性成分的种类和浓度,发现超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法不仅具有较高的精油提取率,且对萜烯类化合物的提取效率优势显著。从两种白胡椒精油中嗅闻到41种香气活性化合物的气味,OAV结果发现,超声辅助提取法制得的白胡椒精油中3-蒈烯、月桂烯、α-松油烯、(+)-柠檬烯、对伞花烃、E-石竹烯、芳樟醇、4-萜烯醇等重要的香气活性化合物的OAV均得到了提升,可见超声辅助在提高胡椒精油提取率的同时,还有效促进了胡椒精油中香气活性化合物的释放,研究为改善水蒸气蒸馏提取植物精油的风味品质提供了一种方法和思路。

, authors=苏开, 杨帆, 孙爽, 王彦波, 毕爽*, 刘野*, authorsList=苏开, 杨帆, 孙爽, 王彦波, 毕爽, 刘野, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=毕爽, 刘野, authorNote=

苏开(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
毕爽(1992−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:。
刘野(1981−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=E+D1mcQZvrt1MChxAxJboA==, magXml=guKGiM63x55RX5dGudMKwg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=y5Gb1ISITllxO+XZS5eaDg==, pdfFileSize=16561542, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=WRl8ufwQHikNp/iBk5Es8g==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=hOwC01OKU1dDmDGL8lq1+w==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1321170349258031481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jeffery630@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349341917563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349258031481, language=EN, stringName=Kai SU, firstName=Kai, middleName=null, lastName=SU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349413220732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349258031481, language=CN, stringName=苏开, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio={"content":"

苏开(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

苏开(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170349476135294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349551632768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349476135294, language=EN, stringName=Fan YANG, firstName=Fan, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349618741633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349476135294, language=CN, stringName=杨帆, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170349694239107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349773930886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349694239107, language=EN, stringName=Shuang SUN, firstName=Shuang, middleName=null, lastName=SUN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349845234055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349694239107, language=CN, stringName=孙爽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170349916537225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349992034699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349916537225, language=EN, stringName=Yanbo WANG, firstName=Yanbo, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350050754956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349916537225, language=CN, stringName=王彦波, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170350122058126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bishuang@btbu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350214332816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350122058126, language=EN, stringName=Shuang BI, firstName=Shuang, middleName=null, lastName=BI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350302413201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350122058126, language=CN, stringName=毕爽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170350382104979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=liuye@th.btbu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350461796757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350382104979, language=EN, stringName=Ye LIU, firstName=Ye, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350524711318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350382104979, language=CN, stringName=刘野, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1321170350629568920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=white pepper essential oil), Keyword(id=1321170352290513305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=hydrodistillation), Keyword(id=1321170352374399386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=ultrasound-assisted), Keyword(id=1321170352441508251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=VOCs), Keyword(id=1321170352517005724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=GC×GC-O-TOF-MS), Keyword(id=1321170352626057629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=OAV), Keyword(id=1321170352684777886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=白胡椒精油), Keyword(id=1321170352760275359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=水蒸气蒸馏), Keyword(id=1321170352839967136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=超声辅助), Keyword(id=1321170352911270305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=挥发性成分), Keyword(id=1321170352969990562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=GC×GC-O-TOF-MS), Keyword(id=1321170353037099427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=OAV)], refs=[Reference(id=1321170354916147636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张玉涵, 魏占姣, 蒋云聪, 等. 基于超快速气相电子鼻及Feller加成模型的胡椒精油特征香气成分分析[J]. 中国食品添加剂, 2023, 34(12): 238−243. [ZHANG Y H, WEI Z J, JIANG Y C, et al. Analysis of characteristic aroma components of pepper essential oil based on ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose and Feller addition model[J]. China Food Additives, 2023, 34(12): 238−243.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170355109085621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Y H, WEI Z J, JIANG Y C, et al. Analysis of characteristic aroma components of pepper essential oil based on ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose and Feller addition model[J]. China Food Additives, 2023, 34(12): 238−243., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170356895859126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=段梦雅, 王福清, 吴桂苹, 等. 4种胡椒精油风味特征分析[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(8): 213−219. [DUAN M Y, WANG F Q, WU G P, et al. Analysis of flavor characteristics of four pepper essential oils[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(8): 213−219.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170357046854071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DUAN M Y, WANG F Q, WU G P, et al. Analysis of flavor characteristics of four pepper essential oils[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(8): 213−219., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170357181071800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郇志博, 于世幸. 胡椒和肉桂挥发性组成分析及对普通大蓟马的驱避作用[J]. 植物保护, 2024, 50(3): 195−202. [HUAN Z B, YU Z X. Analysis of volatile components in Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum cassia and their repellent activity against Megalurothrips usitatus[J]. Plant Protection 2024, 50(3): 195−202.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170357361426873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUAN Z B, YU Z X. Analysis of volatile components in Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum cassia and their repellent activity against Megalurothrips usitatus[J]. Plant Protection 2024, 50(3): 195−202., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170357487255994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘晓翠, 成宏斌, 王帆林, 等. 成熟度及处理方式对胡椒活性成分及其含量的影响[J]. 粮食与油脂, 2024, 37(9): 114−118. [PAN Xiaocui, CHENG Hongbin, WANG Fanlin, et al. Effects of maturity and processing methods on the active ingredients and content of pepper[J]. Cereals & Oils, 2024, 37(9): 114−118.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170357608890811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAN Xiaocui, CHENG Hongbin, WANG Fanlin, et al. Effects of maturity and processing methods on the active ingredients and content of pepper[J]. Cereals & Oils, 2024, 37(9): 114−118., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170357776662972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VARUGHESE T, UNNIKRISHNAN P K, DEEPAK M, et al. Chemical composition of the essential oils from stem, root, fruit and leaf of Piper longum Linn[J]. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2016, 19(1): 52−58., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170357931852221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUCA S V, KITTL T, MINCEVA M. Supercritical CO2 extraction of spices: A systematic study with focus on terpenes and piperamides from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)[J]. Food Chemistry, 2023, 406: 135090., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358103818686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TRAN T H, LE Ke ha, NGUYEN D C, et al. The study on extraction process and analysis of components in essential oils of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) seeds harvested in Gia Lai province, Vietnam[J]. Processes, 2019, 7(2): 56., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358246425023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SANDHU H K, SINHA P, EMANUEL N, et al. Effect of ultrasound-assisted pretreatment on extraction efficiency of essential oil and bioactive compounds from Citrus waste by-products[J]. Separations, 2021, 8(12): 244., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358380642752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHEN L P, PANG S X, ZHONG M M, et al. A comprehensive review of ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) for bioactive components: Principles, advantages, equipment, and combined technologies [J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2023, 101., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358544220609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张学彬, 郭临佩, 田志聪, 等. 响应面法优化超声波辅助水蒸气蒸馏提取丁香精油研究[J]. 中国食品添加剂, 2019, 30(9): 117−124. [ZHANG X B, GUO L P, TIAN Z C, et al. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation extraction of clove oil by response flour method[J]. China Food Additives, 2019, 30(9): 117−124.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358649078210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG X B, GUO L P, TIAN Z C, et al. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation extraction of clove oil by response flour method[J]. China Food Additives, 2019, 30(9): 117−124., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358707798467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KHADHRAOUI B, UMMAT V, TIWARI B K, et al. Review of ultrasound combinations with hybrid and innovative techniques for extraction and processing of food and natural products[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2021, 76: 105625., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358774907332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NIE Jinggui, CHEN Danting, YE Jing, et al. Optimization and kinetic modeling of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of fucoxanthin from edible brown algae Sargassum fusiforme using green solvents[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2021, 77: 105671., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358846210501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FLAIG M, QI S, WEI Guodong, et al. Characterization of the key odorants in a high-grade Chinese green tea beverage (Camellia sinensis; Jingshan Cha) by means of the sensomics approach and elucidation of odorant changes in tea leaves caused by the tea manufacturing process[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020, 68(18): 5168−5179., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170358959456710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Fan, LIU Ye, WANG Bei, et al. Screening of the volatile compounds in fresh and thermally treated watermelon juice via headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry analysis[J]. LWT, 2021, 137: 110478., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359030759879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI Chunhe, YANG Fan, YAN Lichang, et al. Characterization of key aroma-active compounds in fresh and vacuum freeze-drying mulberry by molecular sensory science methods[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2024, 133: 106387., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359085285832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨帆, 陈尔豹, 牛晓媛, 等. GC-O-MS分析热处理前后西瓜汁挥发性风味成分[J]. 食品科学技术学报, 2020, 38(3): 35−42. [YANG F, CHEN E B, NIU X Y, et al. Effect of heat treament on volatile flavor components of watermelon juice by GC-O-MS analysis[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 38(3): 35−42.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359198532041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG F, CHEN E B, NIU X Y, et al. Effect of heat treament on volatile flavor components of watermelon juice by GC-O-MS analysis[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 38(3): 35−42., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359265640906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李鑫, 王福清, 吴桂苹, 等. 3种脱皮方式对白胡椒品质的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(15): 79−86. [LI Xin, WANG Fuqing, WU Guiping, et al. Effects of three peeling methods on the quality of white pepper[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(15): 79−86.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359336944075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Xin, WANG Fuqing, WU Guiping, et al. Effects of three peeling methods on the quality of white pepper[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(15): 79−86., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359408247244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李鑫, 丁云爽, 张超华, 等. 机械脱皮白胡椒的品质评价及风味分析[J]. 现代食品科技, 2023, 39(7): 268−279. [LI Xin, DING Yunshuang, ZHANG Chaohua, et al. Quality assessment and flavor analysis of mechanically decorticated white pepper[J]. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2023, 39(7): 268−279.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359487939021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Xin, DING Yunshuang, ZHANG Chaohua, et al. Quality assessment and flavor analysis of mechanically decorticated white pepper[J]. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2023, 39(7): 268−279., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359559242190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Ying, BI Shuang, NIU Xiaoyuan, et al. Comparison of aroma active compounds in cold- and hot-pressed walnut oil by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry and headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 163: 112208., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170359626351055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JADHAV H, JADHAV A, MORABIYA Y, et al. Combined impact of ultrasound pre-treatment and hydrodistillation on bioactive compounds and GC–MS analysis of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract[J]. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2021, 12(2): 807−821., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361299878352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Chukai, SUN Yangying, PAN Daodong, et al. Contribution of ultrasound-assisted protein structural changes in marinated beef to the improved binding ability of spices and flavor enhancement[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2025, 105(2): 1239−1250., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361371181521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PATEIRO M, MUNEKATA P E S, Sant’ANA A S, et al. Application of essential oils as antimicrobial agents against spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in meat products[J]. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2021, 337: 108966., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361459261906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ALMEIDA R N, ROSSA G E, de CASTRO J H, et al. Extraction and fractionation of long pepper essential oil: Process modeling and simulation[J]. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2023, 40(4): 1103−1113., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361530565075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Yongxin, ZHANG Chi, PAN Shenyuan, et al. Analysis of chemical components and biological activities of essential oils from black and white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in five provinces of Southern China[J]. LWT, 2020, 117: 108644., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361593479636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Xiao, YANG Fan, LIU Ye, et al. Identification of key off-flavor compounds in thermally treated watermelon juice via gas chromatography–olfactometry–mass spectrometry, aroma recombination, and omission experiments[J]. Foods, 2020, 9(2): 227., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361668977109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FRATERNALE D, GIAMPERI L, RICCI D. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil obtained from in vitro plants of thymus Mastichina L[J]. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2003, 15(4): 278−281., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361752863190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Yixi, HUANG Jinchun, LIN Xinyue, et al. Recent progress in the extraction of terpenoids from essential oils and separation of the enantiomers by GC–MS[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2024, 1730: 465118., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361811583447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHAO Yuanyuan, LIU Xiaoqiong, ZHANG Zhuoya, et al. Comparison and discrimination of the terpenoids in 48 species of Huajiao according to variety and geographical origin by E-nose coupled with HS-SPME-GC-MS[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 167: 112629., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361878692312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SCHWAB W, DAVIDOVICH-RIKANATI R, LEWINSOHN E. Biosynthesis of plant-derived flavor compounds[J]. The Plant Journal, 2008, 54(4): 712−732., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170361945801177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨帆, 徐莹, 代晹鑫, 等. 基于Mono Trap-GC-O-MS的西瓜汁热处理前后气味化合物分析[J]. 食品科学技术学报, 2023, 41(1): 143−153. [YANG F, XU Y, DAI Y X, et al. Odor compounds analysis of fresh and heated watermelon juice based on Mono Trap-GC-O-MS[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 41(1): 143−153.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362038075866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG F, XU Y, DAI Y X, et al. Odor compounds analysis of fresh and heated watermelon juice based on Mono Trap-GC-O-MS[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 41(1): 143−153., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362121961947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Ying, BI Shuang, XIONG Chunhui, et al. Identification of aroma active compounds in walnut oil by monolithic material adsorption extraction of RSC18 combined with gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry[J]. Food Chemistry, 2023, 402: 134303., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362193265116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO Xing, YU Mingguang, HAN Xiaomo, et al. Characterization of odor-active compounds in Liuzhou River snail rice noodles soup by sensory-directed flavor analysis[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2024, 131: 106276., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362264568285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Fan, CHEN Erbao, FU Anzhen, et al. Formation of key aroma compounds in Agrocybe aegerita during hot air drying: Amino acids and reducing sugars identified as flavor precursors[J]. Food Chemistry, 2025, 465: 141975., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362348454366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FAN Rui, QIN Xiaowei, HU Rongsuo, et al. Studies on the chemical and flavour qualities of white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) derived from grafted and non-grafted plants[J]. European Food Research and Technology, 2020, 246(12): 2601−2610., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362436534751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MENG Xiao, KONG Jing, ZHANG Kai, et al. Association of resistin-like molecule β levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm[J]. International Journal of Cardiology, 2015, 181: 8−10., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362524615136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YU T, YAO H, QI S, et al. GC-MS analysis of volatiles in cinnamon essential oil extracted by different methods[J]. Grasas y Aceites, 2020, 71(3): e372., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170362612695521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Xuelian, QIN Zichun, ZHANG Rui, et al. Preparation and flavor characteristics of plant-based meat flavoring by mixed fermentation of multiple strains[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2024, 136: 106841., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1321170353196482980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Extraction rates of white pepper essential oil by hydrodistillation and ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation, figureFileSmall=FLxc6QtsT13R4p2gqbF0dA==, figureFileBig=WRl8ufwQHikNp/iBk5Es8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353267786149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=图1, caption=水蒸气蒸馏和超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏对白胡椒精油的提取率, figureFileSmall=FLxc6QtsT13R4p2gqbF0dA==, figureFileBig=WRl8ufwQHikNp/iBk5Es8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353477501350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Radar chart of sensory evaluation of two WPEOs, figureFileSmall=cd0bU8x8zZwL4GPVoK7FIw==, figureFileBig=fN3g45NxE2D3Pkr/4aFteg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353544610215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=图2, caption=两种白胡椒精油的感官评价雷达图, figureFileSmall=cd0bU8x8zZwL4GPVoK7FIw==, figureFileBig=fN3g45NxE2D3Pkr/4aFteg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353628496296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=GC×GC-O-TOF-MS 2D analytical of two WPEOs, figureFileSmall=9QPFtQ0IKMeIMRMwypkifQ==, figureFileBig=8mL/+4YJ8GTv1B/68fVegw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353699799465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=图3, caption=两种白胡椒精油GC×GC-O-TOF-MS 2D分析, figureFileSmall=9QPFtQ0IKMeIMRMwypkifQ==, figureFileBig=8mL/+4YJ8GTv1B/68fVegw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353783685546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Comparison of the amount and concentration of different kinds of volatile compounds in two WPEOs, figureFileSmall=J2fJYl/KTpVtsSqk5ltbrA==, figureFileBig=MdlWtC/DfpA80QmfUSptsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353850794411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=图4, caption=两种白胡椒精油中不同种类挥发性成分的数量和浓度的比较, figureFileSmall=J2fJYl/KTpVtsSqk5ltbrA==, figureFileBig=MdlWtC/DfpA80QmfUSptsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353917903276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Heat map of aroma active compounds in two WPEOs, figureFileSmall=l8nUEEhxLhw930Mg/9RZQA==, figureFileBig=ZsvUErc8PbC5isEOSaBEqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170353985012141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=图5, caption=两种白胡椒精油香气活性化合物热图, figureFileSmall=l8nUEEhxLhw930Mg/9RZQA==, figureFileBig=ZsvUErc8PbC5isEOSaBEqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170354047926702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction on the hydrodistillation on WPEO, figureFileSmall=BF46+VFMLYJRRsexZ1PaMw==, figureFileBig=feH2eCGLj72VL3liGp9paA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170354144395695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=图6, caption=超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏对白胡椒精油影响, figureFileSmall=BF46+VFMLYJRRsexZ1PaMw==, figureFileBig=feH2eCGLj72VL3liGp9paA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170354232476080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Types, concentrations and FD factors of volatile odor compounds of two white pepper essential oils

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物种类序号化合物名称风味特征理论RI值实际RI值浓度(mg/mL)FD因子鉴定方式
WPEO-1WPEO-2WPEO-1WPEO-2
萜烯类1β-蒎烯木质味、青草味1096110036.23±9.419b54.149±2.158a82MS,RI,O
2桧烯木质味、柑橘味、香料味111011133.951±0.905a0.034±0.009b88MS,RI,O
33-蒈烯柑橘味、草药味、溶剂味1142114754.741±5.021b66.070±7.016a128128MS,RI,O,STD
4α-蒎烯甜味、泥土味111511530.316±0.254a0.014±0.007a44MS,RI,O
5月桂烯胡椒味、香脂味、塑料味116811552.783±3.681b10.501±0.518a42MS,RI,O,STD
6水芹烯柑橘味、青草味、胡椒味1157115814.543±4.154a15.252±3.130a22MS,RI,O
7α-松油烯木质味、柠檬味、草本味117211712.745±0.504a2.754±0.172a6432MS,RI,O,STD
8(+)-柠檬烯柑橘味、甜味1185119535.76±12.446a47.624±2.348a64128MS,RI,O,STD
9β-水芹烯薄荷味119512026.803±0.312a8.357±0.894a162MS,RI,O
10p-1,3,8-三烯松脂味、草药味120012070.987±0.241a0.658±0.132a22MS,RI,O
111,4-桉叶素薄荷味、青草味116912120.705±0.132a0.902±0.082a−−MS,RI
12α-柏烯木质味、青草味12031230−0.499±0.850−−MS,RI
13罗勒烯柑橘味、青草味123312350.682±0.032b1.241±0.094a−−MS,RI
14γ-松油烯木质味、柠檬味、木质味126212354.177±1.712a6.877±0.031a832MS,RI,O,STD
15对伞花烃柑橘味、木质味、香料味126612558.868±5.384a15.012±0.267a6464MS,RI,O,STD
16萜品油烯木质味、甜味1274127212.477±2.38b17.355±0.324a64128MS,RI,O,STD
17α-环氧蒎烷青草味13841363−0.04±0.00842MS,RI,O
18紫苏烯木质味143113950.232±0.030a0.128±0.004b88MS,RI,O
19E-氧化柠檬烯水果味146214420.302±0.088a0.351±0.010a−−MS,RI
20δ-榄香烯甜味、木质味1467146121.129±2.085a20.439±3.038a82MS,RI,O
21α-愈创木烯甜味、木质味148614710.037±0.013a0.043±0.004a−−MS,RI
22γ-榄香烯青草味、木质味143814747.998±0.514a8.866±0.206a−−MS,RI
23α-古巴烯木质味、辛辣味、蜂蜜味147514893.826±1.634a2.713±0.058a28MS,RI,O
24水合桧烯薄荷味、青草味150315240.184±0.052a0.202±0.153a−−MS,RI
25毕澄茄烯柑橘味150915321.031±0.123a0.342±0.026b−−MS,RI
26(-)-α-丁香木质味、清香味153815412.101±0.445a0.763±0.037b−−MS,RI
27(-)-异丁香烯木质味、辛辣味1589157051.822±3.087a20.694±2.432b−−MS,RI
28β-榄香烯甜味15731586−0.206±0.1201616MS,RI,O
29E-石竹烯甜味、木质味、香料味15761603−0.170±0.016−64MS,RI,O,STD
30(-)-α-古芸烯木材味、香脂味153016171.043±0.023a1.220±0.571a−−MS,RI
31(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯草药味、蜡质味15631626−0.216±0.004−−MS,RI
32香橙烯木质味163516400.707±0.043a0.347±0.143b−−MS,RI
33E-1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-醇薄荷味167216431.730±0.182a1.519±0.031a−−MS,RI
34桃金娘烯醛甜味、肉桂味、辛辣味162616110.514±0.010a0.841±0.077a−−MS,RI
35E-β-金合欢烯柑橘味、草药味、甜味167216460.186±0.003a0.115±0.007a−−MS,RI
36α-石竹烯木质味164616633.498±0.223a1.805±0.594a3232MS,RI,O
37(+)-γ-古芸烯发霉味171416830.212±0.124a0.105±0.008b−−MS,RI
38姜烯香料味17281703−6.213±0.339−−MS,RI
39β-红没药烯木质味、香脂味17151709−3.325±0.21388MS,RI,O
40香树烯木质味16461711−0.811±0.06182MS,RI,O
41(+)-双环大根香叶烯青草味、木质味169817240.166±0.054b0.190±0.012a−−MS,RI
42金合欢烯柑橘味、草药味、薰衣草174517247.055±0.687a5.742±0.020a164MS,RI,O
43Δ-杜松烯百里香味、 草药味173017451.460±0.412a0.642±0.113a82MS,RI,O
44菖蒲烯香料味、香草味183218160.244±0.034a0.772±0.213a42MS,RI,O
45大根香叶烯B木质味、泥土味、辛辣味18021819−0.450±0.193−−MS,RI
46二氧化二戊烯薄荷味186718250.702±0.028a0.261±0.023a−−MS,RI
47Α-二去氢菖蒲烯木质味1916189716.543±1.951a9.689±5.340a−−MS,RI
48石竹素甜味、木质味、辛辣195319710.270±0.036a0.111±0.004b−−MS,RI
49氧化葎草烯草药味198720002.101±0.445a0.763±0.037a−−MS,RI
总量310.861±22.340b337.393±2.606a
醇类1正庚醇发霉味、甜味、泥土味146114260.073±0.043a0.028±0.001a28MS,RI,O
2芳樟醇柑橘味、花味、甜味152515190.117±0.015a0.037±0.001b64128MS,RI,O,STD
3正辛醇蜡质味、青草味、橙子味156115302.194±0.658a1.631±0.011a−−MS,RI
4氢化松油醇甜味、木质味156915410.680±0.019a0.227±0.012a−−MS,RI
5葑醇木质味、甜味159715591.225±0.012a0.168±0.041b−−MS,RI
64-萜烯醇胡椒味、木质味163515730.196±0.005a0.971±0.063a1632MS,RI,O,STD
7二氢芳樟醇发霉味164815811.179±0.034a0.659±0.011a22MS,RI,O
8E-松香芹醇木质味、香膏味、茴香味166616315.743±0.540a4.862±0.053a−−MS,RI
9α-松油醇松木味、丁香花、柑橘味169216660.553±0.063a0.290±0.024a84MS,RI,O
102-茨醇松木味、香膏味169216770.280±0.013a0.163±0.025b−−MS,RI
112,6-二甲基-1,5,7-辛三烯-3-醇樟脑味、酸橙味170317090.611±0.048a0.300±0.007a−−MS,RI
122-环己烯-1-醇草药味174217185.810±0.454a4.647±0.231a−−MS,RI
13L-香芹醇薄荷味、青草味、辛辣味176417610.867±0.132−82MS,RI,O
14橙花醇甜味、柑橘味182617671.539±0.273a1.125±0.050a22MS,RI,O
15E-香芹醇香菜味、绿薄荷183618033.440±0.106a2.267±0.327a28MS,RI,O
162-(4-甲基苯基)丙-2-醇甜味、果味、樱桃味182018093.688±0.428a1.631±0.337a−−MS,RI
17荜澄茄醇辛辣味、薄荷味191419161.550±0.113a1.042±0.461a−−MS,RI
18桃金娘烯醇木质味、松木味、甜味196719160.550±0.016−−−MS,RI
19E-橙花叔醇花香味、青草味、木质味20422000−0.350±0.123a−−MS,RI
204-异丙基苯甲醇强烈味、辛辣味、草药味、皮革味209020600.443±0.024a0.570±0.236a−−MS,RI
21绿花白千层醇甜味、果味、薄荷味209320601.562±0.029a−−−MS,RI
22锌基烯醇生姜味、金属味210420770.254±0.151a0.068±0.005a−−MS,RI
23荜澄茄油烯醇辛辣味、草药味、青草味207421241.132±0.045a0.748±0.073b−−MS,RI
24香榧醇草药味、蜂蜜味214221331.266±0.013a0.481±0.019b84MS,RI,O
25α-毕橙茄醇木质味2221215113.522±5.902a12.329±2.156a−−MS,RI
26桉油烯醇泥土味、草药味、果味218821600.461±0.014a0.790±0.231a−−MS,RI
27(-)-桉油烯醇蜂蜜味22032160−0.315±0.068−−MS,RI
总量48.935±2.676a35.699±1.616b
酮类1(-)-葑酮泥土味、木质味137513830.113±0.006b0.166±0.018a22MS,RI,O
23-异丙基-6-甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮留兰香味151415270.153±0.012b1.186±0.168a−−MS,RI
3香芹蒎酮薄荷味153415510.512±0.012b0.857±0.051a−−MS,RI
4E-2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)环己酮草药味162715920.067±0.011a0.149±0.005a−−MS,RI
54-异丙基-2-环己烯酮孜然味、香菜味、草药味164516510.102±0.003a0.254±0.158a−−MS,RI
6繖柳酮薄荷味、刺鼻味166716540.649±0.162−−−MS,RI
7香芹酮薄荷味165216600.334±0.012b0.612±0.040a−−MS,RI
8优葛缕酮薄荷味167916801.347±0.355b2.020±0.326a42MS,RI,O
9胡椒酮草药味、薄荷味174317091.359±0.331a2.421±0.035a−−MS,RI
10L-香芹酮薄荷味、甘草味17251712−0.833±0.304−−MS,RI
11马苄烯酮樟脑味、薄荷味、芹菜味169917301.078±0.002b1.640±0.223a−−MS,RI
12对甲基苯乙酮山楂味、甜味、樱桃味179117480.142±0.004b0.500±0.046a−−MS,RI
总量5.856±0.184b10.638±1.822a
醛类1龙脑烯醛青草味、木质味148514710.116±0.005a0.217±0.032a−−MS,RI
2苯甲醛甜味、苦味、杏仁味152914970.110±0.012b0.197±0.011a−−MS,RI
3柠檬醛甜味、柠檬味167016601.985±0.468b2.996±0.163a−−MS,RI
4枯名醛辛辣味、孜然味179417550.12±0.007b0.395±0.034a−−MS,RI
5紫苏醛青草味、草药味、甜味178417640.18±0.149a0.289±0.200a−−MS,RI
6胡椒醛甜味、椰子味、香草味222521450.381±0.008b0.709±0.102a168MS,RI,O
7十八醛油味235322120.875±0.066−−−MS,RI
总量3.767±0.003b4.803±0.033a
酯类1乙酸龙脑酯甜味、木质味153615650.016±0.003−−−MS,RI
2(-)-菊酯D木质味、 香料味167616140.411±0.013a0.529±0.391a−−MS,RI
3乙酸松油酯草药味、香柠檬166316570.327±0.005a0.469±0.024a−−MS,RI
4香叶酸甲酯蜡质味、青草味、水果味167716690.160±0.007b0.392±0.323a−−MS,RI
5乙酸橙花酯花香味、肥皂味、水果味173716971.893±0.014a2.145±1.262a42MS,RI,O
总量2.807±0.321b3.535±1.039a
其他类1(+)-樟脑薄荷味、草药味、木质味152815031.535±0.029b2.144±0.133a−−MS,RI
2对甲酚青草味205720330.194±0.046b0.701±0.245a1616MS,RI,O
3间甲酚药味、木质味209920430.669±0.032b1.790±0.545a1616MS,RI,O
4麝香草酚草药味、药味219121070.033±0.009b0.100±0.008a82MS,RI,O
51-萘酚草药味、蜂蜜味218921270.203±0.007a0.670±0.357a−−MS,RI
6香芹酚香料味、木质味218921310.935±0.012b1.335±0.095a−−MS,RI
74-丙基苯酚药味223421560.174±0.035−−−MS,RI
82,4-二叔丁基酚酚醛味22302178−0.061±0.018−−MS,RI
9墙草碱香料味、药草味23162331−1.283±0.67−−MS,RI
总量3.743±0.442b8.084±0.871a
), ArticleFig(id=1321170354383471025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两种白胡椒精油挥发性气味化合物的种类、浓度和FD因子

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物种类序号化合物名称风味特征理论RI值实际RI值浓度(mg/mL)FD因子鉴定方式
WPEO-1WPEO-2WPEO-1WPEO-2
萜烯类1β-蒎烯木质味、青草味1096110036.23±9.419b54.149±2.158a82MS,RI,O
2桧烯木质味、柑橘味、香料味111011133.951±0.905a0.034±0.009b88MS,RI,O
33-蒈烯柑橘味、草药味、溶剂味1142114754.741±5.021b66.070±7.016a128128MS,RI,O,STD
4α-蒎烯甜味、泥土味111511530.316±0.254a0.014±0.007a44MS,RI,O
5月桂烯胡椒味、香脂味、塑料味116811552.783±3.681b10.501±0.518a42MS,RI,O,STD
6水芹烯柑橘味、青草味、胡椒味1157115814.543±4.154a15.252±3.130a22MS,RI,O
7α-松油烯木质味、柠檬味、草本味117211712.745±0.504a2.754±0.172a6432MS,RI,O,STD
8(+)-柠檬烯柑橘味、甜味1185119535.76±12.446a47.624±2.348a64128MS,RI,O,STD
9β-水芹烯薄荷味119512026.803±0.312a8.357±0.894a162MS,RI,O
10p-1,3,8-三烯松脂味、草药味120012070.987±0.241a0.658±0.132a22MS,RI,O
111,4-桉叶素薄荷味、青草味116912120.705±0.132a0.902±0.082a−−MS,RI
12α-柏烯木质味、青草味12031230−0.499±0.850−−MS,RI
13罗勒烯柑橘味、青草味123312350.682±0.032b1.241±0.094a−−MS,RI
14γ-松油烯木质味、柠檬味、木质味126212354.177±1.712a6.877±0.031a832MS,RI,O,STD
15对伞花烃柑橘味、木质味、香料味126612558.868±5.384a15.012±0.267a6464MS,RI,O,STD
16萜品油烯木质味、甜味1274127212.477±2.38b17.355±0.324a64128MS,RI,O,STD
17α-环氧蒎烷青草味13841363−0.04±0.00842MS,RI,O
18紫苏烯木质味143113950.232±0.030a0.128±0.004b88MS,RI,O
19E-氧化柠檬烯水果味146214420.302±0.088a0.351±0.010a−−MS,RI
20δ-榄香烯甜味、木质味1467146121.129±2.085a20.439±3.038a82MS,RI,O
21α-愈创木烯甜味、木质味148614710.037±0.013a0.043±0.004a−−MS,RI
22γ-榄香烯青草味、木质味143814747.998±0.514a8.866±0.206a−−MS,RI
23α-古巴烯木质味、辛辣味、蜂蜜味147514893.826±1.634a2.713±0.058a28MS,RI,O
24水合桧烯薄荷味、青草味150315240.184±0.052a0.202±0.153a−−MS,RI
25毕澄茄烯柑橘味150915321.031±0.123a0.342±0.026b−−MS,RI
26(-)-α-丁香木质味、清香味153815412.101±0.445a0.763±0.037b−−MS,RI
27(-)-异丁香烯木质味、辛辣味1589157051.822±3.087a20.694±2.432b−−MS,RI
28β-榄香烯甜味15731586−0.206±0.1201616MS,RI,O
29E-石竹烯甜味、木质味、香料味15761603−0.170±0.016−64MS,RI,O,STD
30(-)-α-古芸烯木材味、香脂味153016171.043±0.023a1.220±0.571a−−MS,RI
31(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯草药味、蜡质味15631626−0.216±0.004−−MS,RI
32香橙烯木质味163516400.707±0.043a0.347±0.143b−−MS,RI
33E-1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-醇薄荷味167216431.730±0.182a1.519±0.031a−−MS,RI
34桃金娘烯醛甜味、肉桂味、辛辣味162616110.514±0.010a0.841±0.077a−−MS,RI
35E-β-金合欢烯柑橘味、草药味、甜味167216460.186±0.003a0.115±0.007a−−MS,RI
36α-石竹烯木质味164616633.498±0.223a1.805±0.594a3232MS,RI,O
37(+)-γ-古芸烯发霉味171416830.212±0.124a0.105±0.008b−−MS,RI
38姜烯香料味17281703−6.213±0.339−−MS,RI
39β-红没药烯木质味、香脂味17151709−3.325±0.21388MS,RI,O
40香树烯木质味16461711−0.811±0.06182MS,RI,O
41(+)-双环大根香叶烯青草味、木质味169817240.166±0.054b0.190±0.012a−−MS,RI
42金合欢烯柑橘味、草药味、薰衣草174517247.055±0.687a5.742±0.020a164MS,RI,O
43Δ-杜松烯百里香味、 草药味173017451.460±0.412a0.642±0.113a82MS,RI,O
44菖蒲烯香料味、香草味183218160.244±0.034a0.772±0.213a42MS,RI,O
45大根香叶烯B木质味、泥土味、辛辣味18021819−0.450±0.193−−MS,RI
46二氧化二戊烯薄荷味186718250.702±0.028a0.261±0.023a−−MS,RI
47Α-二去氢菖蒲烯木质味1916189716.543±1.951a9.689±5.340a−−MS,RI
48石竹素甜味、木质味、辛辣195319710.270±0.036a0.111±0.004b−−MS,RI
49氧化葎草烯草药味198720002.101±0.445a0.763±0.037a−−MS,RI
总量310.861±22.340b337.393±2.606a
醇类1正庚醇发霉味、甜味、泥土味146114260.073±0.043a0.028±0.001a28MS,RI,O
2芳樟醇柑橘味、花味、甜味152515190.117±0.015a0.037±0.001b64128MS,RI,O,STD
3正辛醇蜡质味、青草味、橙子味156115302.194±0.658a1.631±0.011a−−MS,RI
4氢化松油醇甜味、木质味156915410.680±0.019a0.227±0.012a−−MS,RI
5葑醇木质味、甜味159715591.225±0.012a0.168±0.041b−−MS,RI
64-萜烯醇胡椒味、木质味163515730.196±0.005a0.971±0.063a1632MS,RI,O,STD
7二氢芳樟醇发霉味164815811.179±0.034a0.659±0.011a22MS,RI,O
8E-松香芹醇木质味、香膏味、茴香味166616315.743±0.540a4.862±0.053a−−MS,RI
9α-松油醇松木味、丁香花、柑橘味169216660.553±0.063a0.290±0.024a84MS,RI,O
102-茨醇松木味、香膏味169216770.280±0.013a0.163±0.025b−−MS,RI
112,6-二甲基-1,5,7-辛三烯-3-醇樟脑味、酸橙味170317090.611±0.048a0.300±0.007a−−MS,RI
122-环己烯-1-醇草药味174217185.810±0.454a4.647±0.231a−−MS,RI
13L-香芹醇薄荷味、青草味、辛辣味176417610.867±0.132−82MS,RI,O
14橙花醇甜味、柑橘味182617671.539±0.273a1.125±0.050a22MS,RI,O
15E-香芹醇香菜味、绿薄荷183618033.440±0.106a2.267±0.327a28MS,RI,O
162-(4-甲基苯基)丙-2-醇甜味、果味、樱桃味182018093.688±0.428a1.631±0.337a−−MS,RI
17荜澄茄醇辛辣味、薄荷味191419161.550±0.113a1.042±0.461a−−MS,RI
18桃金娘烯醇木质味、松木味、甜味196719160.550±0.016−−−MS,RI
19E-橙花叔醇花香味、青草味、木质味20422000−0.350±0.123a−−MS,RI
204-异丙基苯甲醇强烈味、辛辣味、草药味、皮革味209020600.443±0.024a0.570±0.236a−−MS,RI
21绿花白千层醇甜味、果味、薄荷味209320601.562±0.029a−−−MS,RI
22锌基烯醇生姜味、金属味210420770.254±0.151a0.068±0.005a−−MS,RI
23荜澄茄油烯醇辛辣味、草药味、青草味207421241.132±0.045a0.748±0.073b−−MS,RI
24香榧醇草药味、蜂蜜味214221331.266±0.013a0.481±0.019b84MS,RI,O
25α-毕橙茄醇木质味2221215113.522±5.902a12.329±2.156a−−MS,RI
26桉油烯醇泥土味、草药味、果味218821600.461±0.014a0.790±0.231a−−MS,RI
27(-)-桉油烯醇蜂蜜味22032160−0.315±0.068−−MS,RI
总量48.935±2.676a35.699±1.616b
酮类1(-)-葑酮泥土味、木质味137513830.113±0.006b0.166±0.018a22MS,RI,O
23-异丙基-6-甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮留兰香味151415270.153±0.012b1.186±0.168a−−MS,RI
3香芹蒎酮薄荷味153415510.512±0.012b0.857±0.051a−−MS,RI
4E-2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)环己酮草药味162715920.067±0.011a0.149±0.005a−−MS,RI
54-异丙基-2-环己烯酮孜然味、香菜味、草药味164516510.102±0.003a0.254±0.158a−−MS,RI
6繖柳酮薄荷味、刺鼻味166716540.649±0.162−−−MS,RI
7香芹酮薄荷味165216600.334±0.012b0.612±0.040a−−MS,RI
8优葛缕酮薄荷味167916801.347±0.355b2.020±0.326a42MS,RI,O
9胡椒酮草药味、薄荷味174317091.359±0.331a2.421±0.035a−−MS,RI
10L-香芹酮薄荷味、甘草味17251712−0.833±0.304−−MS,RI
11马苄烯酮樟脑味、薄荷味、芹菜味169917301.078±0.002b1.640±0.223a−−MS,RI
12对甲基苯乙酮山楂味、甜味、樱桃味179117480.142±0.004b0.500±0.046a−−MS,RI
总量5.856±0.184b10.638±1.822a
醛类1龙脑烯醛青草味、木质味148514710.116±0.005a0.217±0.032a−−MS,RI
2苯甲醛甜味、苦味、杏仁味152914970.110±0.012b0.197±0.011a−−MS,RI
3柠檬醛甜味、柠檬味167016601.985±0.468b2.996±0.163a−−MS,RI
4枯名醛辛辣味、孜然味179417550.12±0.007b0.395±0.034a−−MS,RI
5紫苏醛青草味、草药味、甜味178417640.18±0.149a0.289±0.200a−−MS,RI
6胡椒醛甜味、椰子味、香草味222521450.381±0.008b0.709±0.102a168MS,RI,O
7十八醛油味235322120.875±0.066−−−MS,RI
总量3.767±0.003b4.803±0.033a
酯类1乙酸龙脑酯甜味、木质味153615650.016±0.003−−−MS,RI
2(-)-菊酯D木质味、 香料味167616140.411±0.013a0.529±0.391a−−MS,RI
3乙酸松油酯草药味、香柠檬166316570.327±0.005a0.469±0.024a−−MS,RI
4香叶酸甲酯蜡质味、青草味、水果味167716690.160±0.007b0.392±0.323a−−MS,RI
5乙酸橙花酯花香味、肥皂味、水果味173716971.893±0.014a2.145±1.262a42MS,RI,O
总量2.807±0.321b3.535±1.039a
其他类1(+)-樟脑薄荷味、草药味、木质味152815031.535±0.029b2.144±0.133a−−MS,RI
2对甲酚青草味205720330.194±0.046b0.701±0.245a1616MS,RI,O
3间甲酚药味、木质味209920430.669±0.032b1.790±0.545a1616MS,RI,O
4麝香草酚草药味、药味219121070.033±0.009b0.100±0.008a82MS,RI,O
51-萘酚草药味、蜂蜜味218921270.203±0.007a0.670±0.357a−−MS,RI
6香芹酚香料味、木质味218921310.935±0.012b1.335±0.095a−−MS,RI
74-丙基苯酚药味223421560.174±0.035−−−MS,RI
82,4-二叔丁基酚酚醛味22302178−0.061±0.018−−MS,RI
9墙草碱香料味、药草味23162331−1.283±0.67−−MS,RI
总量3.743±0.442b8.084±0.871a
), ArticleFig(id=1321170354542854578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Concentration, odor threshold and OAV of aroma active compounds of two white pepper essential oils

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号香气活性化合物标准曲线线性方程R2浓度范围(mg/mL)样品中的浓度(mg/kg)气味阈值(油中)
(mg/kg)
OAV
WPEO-1WPEO-2WPEO-1WPEO-2
13-蒈烯y=11.662x+4.72510.99250.095~380.7299.181±8.172a303.440±12.155a0.77388394
2月桂烯y=28.565x+0.96050.99840.0186~140.88736.585±1.113b45.484±2.401a0.675468
3α-松油烯y=34.268x+2.82440.99350.0019~180.83259.691±1.219a61.956±1.985a1.63739
4(+)-柠檬烯y=9.5284+3.39210.99370.105~420.1227.383±10.075b291.704±11.555a2.3995122
5γ-松油烯y=39.692x+0.2070.99820.0021~21.250.712±0.087a0.793±0.202a1.86<1<1
6对伞花烃y=20.524x+6.50520.99120.135~21.42511.041±1.058a12.656±1.662a0.1292105
7E-石竹烯y=6.2085x+4.0140.99341.405~450.05−252.11±16.74218−15
8萜品油烯y=1.5447x+0.62810.99121.3453~430.05214.597±3.408a206.141±0.110a0.210621020
9芳樟醇y=0.6697x+0.22890.99081.3562~430.455.189±1.174b73.838±0.092a0.03714921996
104-萜烯醇y=0.3921x+0.01540.99300.0291~230.32579.221±3.059b108.968±0.869a0.094168411157
), ArticleFig(id=1321170354681266611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两种白胡椒精油香气活性化合物的浓度、气味阈值和OAV

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号香气活性化合物标准曲线线性方程R2浓度范围(mg/mL)样品中的浓度(mg/kg)气味阈值(油中)
(mg/kg)
OAV
WPEO-1WPEO-2WPEO-1WPEO-2
13-蒈烯y=11.662x+4.72510.99250.095~380.7299.181±8.172a303.440±12.155a0.77388394
2月桂烯y=28.565x+0.96050.99840.0186~140.88736.585±1.113b45.484±2.401a0.675468
3α-松油烯y=34.268x+2.82440.99350.0019~180.83259.691±1.219a61.956±1.985a1.63739
4(+)-柠檬烯y=9.5284+3.39210.99370.105~420.1227.383±10.075b291.704±11.555a2.3995122
5γ-松油烯y=39.692x+0.2070.99820.0021~21.250.712±0.087a0.793±0.202a1.86<1<1
6对伞花烃y=20.524x+6.50520.99120.135~21.42511.041±1.058a12.656±1.662a0.1292105
7E-石竹烯y=6.2085x+4.0140.99341.405~450.05−252.11±16.74218−15
8萜品油烯y=1.5447x+0.62810.99121.3453~430.05214.597±3.408a206.141±0.110a0.210621020
9芳樟醇y=0.6697x+0.22890.99081.3562~430.455.189±1.174b73.838±0.092a0.03714921996
104-萜烯醇y=0.3921x+0.01540.99300.0291~230.32579.221±3.059b108.968±0.869a0.094168411157
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1260987317930967064, delFlag=0, nameCn=食品工业科技, nameEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-0306, eissn=null, cn=11-1759/TS, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1778572404609, updatedTime=1788949639446, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Agriculture, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Agriculture, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, picEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304512595617145106, language=CN, name=食品工业科技, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949639467, updatedTime=1788949639467, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304512595688448275, language=EN, name=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949639484, updatedTime=1788949639484, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1260987677001138203, websiteList=[Website(id=1260990269093196609, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1778573108218, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573937722, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=食品工业科技, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993882188333840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573969647, updateTime=1778573969647, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881970230029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573969595, updateTime=1778573969595, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882259637011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969664, updateTime=1778573969664, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881940869900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573969588, updateTime=1778573969588, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882284802837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969670, updateTime=1778573969670, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882175750927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1778573969644, updateTime=1778573969644, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882276414228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969668, updateTime=1778573969668, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882049921806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1778573969614, updateTime=1778573969614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882196722449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573969649, updateTime=1778573969649, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882234471186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573969658, updateTime=1778573969658, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1260990269265163062, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1778573108259, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573934408, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science and Technology of Food Industry, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993842489246463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573960182, updateTime=1778573960182, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842438914812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573960170, updateTime=1778573960170, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842510217986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960187, updateTime=1778573960187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842430526203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573960168, updateTime=1778573960168, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842531189508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960192, updateTime=1778573960192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842476663550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1778573960179, updateTime=1778573960179, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842522800899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960190, updateTime=1778573960190, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842447303421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1778573960172, updateTime=1778573960172, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842497635072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573960184, updateTime=1778573960184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842506023681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573960186, updateTime=1778573960186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=食品工业科技, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.spgykj.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalPhotoCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPhotoEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1769875200000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
超声辅助方法对水蒸气蒸馏提取白胡椒精油中挥发性成分的影响
收藏切换
PDF下载
苏开 , 杨帆 , 孙爽 , 王彦波 , 毕爽 * , 刘野 *
食品工业科技 | 分析检测 2026,47(3): 303-312
收起
收藏切换
食品工业科技 |分析检测 2026 , 47 (3) : 303 -312
超声辅助方法对水蒸气蒸馏提取白胡椒精油中挥发性成分的影响
全屏
[Author(id=1321170349258031481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jeffery630@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349341917563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349258031481, language=EN, stringName=Kai SU, firstName=Kai, middleName=null, lastName=SU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349413220732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349258031481, language=CN, stringName=苏开, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio={"content":"

苏开(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

苏开(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170349476135294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349551632768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349476135294, language=EN, stringName=Fan YANG, firstName=Fan, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349618741633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349476135294, language=CN, stringName=杨帆, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170349694239107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349773930886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349694239107, language=EN, stringName=Shuang SUN, firstName=Shuang, middleName=null, lastName=SUN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349845234055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349694239107, language=CN, stringName=孙爽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170349916537225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170349992034699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349916537225, language=EN, stringName=Yanbo WANG, firstName=Yanbo, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350050754956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170349916537225, language=CN, stringName=王彦波, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170350122058126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bishuang@btbu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350214332816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350122058126, language=EN, stringName=Shuang BI, firstName=Shuang, middleName=null, lastName=BI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350302413201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350122058126, language=CN, stringName=毕爽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])]), Author(id=1321170350382104979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=liuye@th.btbu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350461796757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350382104979, language=EN, stringName=Ye LIU, firstName=Ye, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170350524711318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, authorId=1321170350382104979, language=CN, stringName=刘野, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170349140590965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349148979574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170349161562487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170345701261670, companyId=1321170349140590965, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048)])])]
苏开 , 杨帆, 孙爽, 王彦波, 毕爽* , 刘野*
作者信息
  • 北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048
通讯作者:
毕爽(1992−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:。
刘野(1981−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:。
作者简介:

苏开(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:

Effect of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction on the Hydrodistillation of Volatile Components from White Pepper Essential Oil
Kai SU , Fan YANG, Shuang SUN, Yanbo WANG, Shuang BI* , Ye LIU*
Affiliations
  • School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
出版时间: 2026-02-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281
文章导航
收藏切换

为比较超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法与传统水蒸气蒸馏法所提白胡椒精油在挥发性成分上的差异,本研究采用上述两种方法制备精油。继而结合溶剂萃取(Liquid-Liquid Extraction,LLE),采用全二维气相色谱-嗅闻-飞行时间质谱联用技术(Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Olfactometry Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry,GC×GC-O-TOF-MS)对样品进行了全面解析。采用香气提取物稀释分析法(Aroma Extraction Dilution Analysis,AEDA),筛选稀释因子(Flavor Dilution,FD)≥32的香气活性化合物进行精确定量,计算其气味活性值(Odor Activity Value,OAV)。结果表明,两种白胡椒精油共鉴定出109种挥发性成分,其中有49种萜烯类,27种醇类,12种酮类,7种醛类,5种酯类和9种其它类化合物。通过对比两种白胡椒精油挥发性成分的种类和浓度,发现超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法不仅具有较高的精油提取率,且对萜烯类化合物的提取效率优势显著。从两种白胡椒精油中嗅闻到41种香气活性化合物的气味,OAV结果发现,超声辅助提取法制得的白胡椒精油中3-蒈烯、月桂烯、α-松油烯、(+)-柠檬烯、对伞花烃、E-石竹烯、芳樟醇、4-萜烯醇等重要的香气活性化合物的OAV均得到了提升,可见超声辅助在提高胡椒精油提取率的同时,还有效促进了胡椒精油中香气活性化合物的释放,研究为改善水蒸气蒸馏提取植物精油的风味品质提供了一种方法和思路。

白胡椒精油  /  水蒸气蒸馏  /  超声辅助  /  挥发性成分  /  GC×GC-O-TOF-MS  /  OAV

To compare the differences in volatile components between white pepper essential oil extracted by ultrasound-assisted steam distillation and traditional steam distillation, the two methods were used to prepare the essential oil in this study. Subsequently, combined with LLE, the sample was comprehensively analyzed using GC×GC-O-TOF-MS. Additionally, aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA) was conducted to screen for aroma-active compounds with a dilution factor (FD) of ≥32 for precise quantification, and their odor activity values (OAVs) were subsequently calculated. The results indicated that a total of 109 volatile odor compounds, including 49 terpenoids, 27 alcohols, 12 ketones, 7 aldehydes, 5 esters, and 9 other compounds, were identified in the two white pepper essential oils. By comparing the types and concentrations of volatile compounds in these oils, it was observed that ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation exhibited effective extraction of terpenoids. Olfactory analysis detected odors from 41 aroma-active compounds in the two white pepper essential oils. The OAVs of aroma-active compounds, including 3-carene, myrcene, α-terpinene, (+)-limonene, p-cymene, caryophyllene, linalool, and terpinine-4-ol, in white pepper essential oils obtained through ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation were all increased. These findings suggested that ultrasound-assisted hydrodistillation not only improves the extraction rate of white pepper essential oil but also effectively promotes the generation or release of aroma-active compounds. This study provides a methodology and insights for enhancing the flavor quality of plant essential oils extracted by traditional hydrodistillation.

white pepper essential oil  /  hydrodistillation  /  ultrasound-assisted  /  VOCs  /  GC×GC-O-TOF-MS  /  OAV
苏开, 杨帆, 孙爽, 王彦波, 毕爽, 刘野. 超声辅助方法对水蒸气蒸馏提取白胡椒精油中挥发性成分的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (3) : 303 -312 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281
Kai SU, Fan YANG, Shuang SUN, Yanbo WANG, Shuang BI, Ye LIU. Effect of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction on the Hydrodistillation of Volatile Components from White Pepper Essential Oil[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (3) : 303 -312 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281
胡椒(Piper nigrum L.)是胡椒科胡椒属的一种常绿木质藤本植物[1],根据其成熟阶段的不同,可分为绿胡椒、黑胡椒和白胡椒[2]。胡椒作为一种历史悠久的传统香辛料,广受消费者青睐,其在食品加工中也展现出显著的重要性与潜在价值。并且,胡椒果实中含有丰富的生物活性化合物,在治疗胃痛、类风湿关节炎、腹泻以及多种感染性疾病等方面有着广泛的应用[3]。
胡椒精油是从胡椒果实中提取而来,是胡椒风味的主要来源,具有草本香、芳香、松木香及刺激性等多重感官体验[4−5]。胡椒精油的提取涵盖了多种先进与传统的方法,具体包括水蒸气蒸馏法、有机溶剂萃取技术、超声与微波辅助提取法、超临界CO2流体萃取法等[6]。其中,水蒸气蒸馏法不仅成本相对低廉,所需设备亦较为简单,操作流程易于学习和掌握,能够实现较高的生产效率与产量,为精油的大规模生产和提取提供了有力的技术支撑。但水蒸气蒸馏法提取精油的提取率较低,需要较长时间或较高温度才能够充分提取,且其风味特征往往不够突出[7]。超声辅助技术在食品工业中有着广泛的应用,如提取、加工、保藏、乳化、均质等[8],超声辅助提取能够增加液体和气体之间的传质速度,加速溶解和扩散过程,从而显著提高精油的提取率。通过超声波的辅助作用,可以更有效地破坏植物细胞结构,释放细胞内的精油成分,从而提高精油的纯度和质量[9]。例如张学彬等[10]通过响应面法优化超声波辅助水蒸气提取丁香精油,发现在超声波功率300 W、颗粒度150目、料液比为1:15(g/mL)的工艺条件下,提取率达到了19.637%±0.42%,并且根据前人的研究发现[11−12],超声波辅助技术通过缩短提取时间,可以有效减少低沸点成分(如单萜类化合物)的挥发损失,同时抑制了醛类(如香茅醛)氧化生成酸类物质,从而维持精油的清新香气。可见超声波辅助方法在提取胡椒精油方面有着较大的应用前景。
分子感官科学技术是结合仪器分析和感官评价的多学科交叉技术,其优势在于将高精度仪器检测与感官感知结合,揭示食品风味形成的本质,广泛应用于分析食品的关键香气活性组分[13]。Yang等[14]采用分子感官科学技术分析新鲜西瓜汁,其中检测到130种气味化合物,主要为醛类化合物。Shi等[15]通过GC×GC-O-TOF-MS结合分子感官科学的方法明确了真空冷冻干燥桑葚果酱中关键香气活性化合物为(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯醛、β-紫罗兰酮、E-2-壬烯醛等。
目前对白胡椒精油中香气活性物质的研究取得了一定的进展,但大多数研究仅分析了挥发性成分,没有采用分子感官科学的方法确定香气物质对白胡椒精油香气的贡献程度,本文主要通过水蒸气蒸馏法和超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取白胡椒精油,利用GC×GC-O-TOF-MS对其香气成分进行分析,通过AEDA法筛选两种提取方法制得精油中的香气活性化合物,并通过外标法对其进行准确定量,计算其OAV,鉴定对白胡椒精油风味贡献较大的化合物。通过对比两种提取方法制得白胡椒精油的风味成分,旨在为白胡椒及其相关产品的开发和应用提供理论基础。
白胡椒 喜土特级白胡椒粒,购于海南省琼海市;正己烷(纯度98%)、内标环己酮(纯度99%) 北京迈瑞达试剂有限公司;正构烷烃(C8~C25,色谱纯) Sigma-Aldrich公司(美国),用于计算线性保留指数[16];3-蒈烯(纯度90%)、月桂烯(纯度90%)、α-松油烯(纯度90%)、(+)-柠檬烯(纯度98%)、γ-松油烯(纯度98%)、对花伞烃(纯度99%)、(E)-石竹烯(纯度99%)、萜品油烯(纯度90%)、芳樟醇(纯度98%)、4-萜烯醇(纯度95%) 标准化合物(色谱级),北京百灵威科技有限公司;氦气(99.999%) 北京氦普北分气体工业有限公司。
8890 GC 安捷伦科技有限公司;EI-TOF-MS 0620 广州禾信质谱有限公司;Sniffer 9000嗅闻仪 瑞士Brechbuhler公司;SSM1800固态二维调制器 上海雪景电子科技有限公司。
水蒸气蒸馏提取:参考GB/T 17527-2009《胡椒精油含量的测定》[17]并稍作修改。称取40 g白胡椒,打碎机打碎后过50目筛,以料液比1:15加入纯净水,以每分钟冷凝5~6滴的速度调节电加热套功率,从出现第一滴冷凝水冷凝后开始收集胡椒精油,蒸馏120 min左右,收集完成后用无水硫酸钠除水。超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法制取胡椒精油需在蒸馏前进行超声处理,超声功率200 W,超声时间20 min,其他步骤与水蒸气蒸馏方法一致。根据式(1)计算胡椒精油得率:
$\rm 胡椒精油得率(\text{%})= \frac{\mathrm{m}}{\mathrm{M}}\times 100 $
式中:m为胡椒精油质量/g;M为白胡椒质量/g。
每种胡椒精油取100 μL加入0.0953 μg/μL环己酮(0.5 mL,溶剂为正己烷)作为内标混匀,用正己烷定容至5 mL,最后经无水硫酸钠脱水后过0.45 μm微孔膜,待测。
筛选12名受过专业训练的感官评价人员(6名女性和6名男性)组成感官评价小组。为了准确描述和识别白胡椒精油的香气,用白胡椒精油对每名小组成员进行培训,每周进行5次培训,每次2 h[16]。感官评价小组通过讨论并筛选出白胡椒精油的5个典型气味属性,分别是辛辣味、花香味、木质味、柑橘味和椒麻味。称取100 μL精油,放入20 mL的顶空瓶中,依次让感官评价人员评估白胡椒精油的香气。气味评分为0~9分:0(无法感知)、1~3分(轻微)、4~6分(中等)、7~9(浓郁)。小组成员在两个样品感官评价之间休息2 min,以避免嗅觉疲劳。每个样品重复评价3次,每种香气属性的评价结果取平均值。所有实验均在独立且特定的感官评价室中进行,室内温度控制为25 ℃。
固态调制器将DB-WAX(60 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)初级极性色谱柱与DB-17 ms(0.7 m×0.18mm,0.18 μm)的中极性柱组合,控制两根色谱柱的加热和冷却阶段。参考李鑫等[18]的方法并稍作修改,将初始柱温设置为50 ℃,以4 ℃/min的加热速率升至230 ℃,并保持5 min。固态调制器SSM1800放置在加热和冷却阶段的两列之间。冷区温度设定为−51 ℃[14]。
EI离子源;电子能量,70 eV;离子源温度,230 ℃;四极杆温度,150 ℃;输电线路温度280 ℃;扫描范围m/z 35~450;溶剂延迟时间为6 min。
使用质谱(MS)、GC保留指数(RI)和气味(O)对胡椒精油中的气味化合物进行定性分析。其中每种化合物的质谱数据通过与NIST17质谱数据库进行对比,选择正反匹配度大于750的化合物,利用C8~C25系列烷烃计算各化合物的实际保留指数(Retention Index,RI),根据目标化合物的出峰时间及相同气质条件下正构烷烃的出峰时间计算其实际RI值,使用式(2)计算:
$ \mathrm{R}\mathrm{I}=100\left(\mathrm{n}+\frac{{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{i}}-{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{n}}}{{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{n}+1}-{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{n}}}\right) $
式中:tn和tn+1分别表示碳原子数为n和n+1的正烷烃的保留时间,ti是在第n个和第n+1个正烷烃之间达到峰值的化合物的保留时间。
此外,嗅闻实验由3名训练有素的感官人员分别对样品中析出的气味化合物进行嗅闻,同时记录嗅闻到的气味属性、时间、强度,若2名及以上感官人员均嗅闻到同一气味,则确定该气味化合物的存在。
采用内标法,以环己酮(浓度为0.0953 μg/μL)为内标物,对挥发性成分进行半定量分析。计算公式见式(3)。
$ {\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{x}}=\mathrm{f}\times \frac{{\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{x}}}{{\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{i}}}\times {\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{i}} $
式中,f为校正因子,默认值为1;Ax、Ai分别代表目标化合物的峰面积和内标环己酮的峰面积;Cx、Ci分别代表目标化合物的浓度(mg/mL)和内标环己酮的浓度(0.0953 μg/μL)。
通过AEDA测定胡椒精油中挥发性气味的FD因子。用正己烷以2n的比例稀释胡椒精油,然后用GC×GC-O检测。当感官成员无法检测到气味时,稀释过程停止。通过嗅闻可以识别的气味的最高稀释度被定义为其FD因子[15]。
根据AEDA结果,在胡椒精油中选择FD≥32的香气活性化合物进行精确定量。挥发性成分的定量分析采用外标标准曲线法。横轴表示标准化合物与内标(环己酮,0.0953 µg/mL)的浓度比,纵轴表示每种化合物的峰面积与内标的比值,绘制各香气活性化合物的线性回归标准曲线。香气活性化合物的OAV计算为浓度与其气味阈值的比值,OAV≥1的化合物被认为是样品香气成分的潜在贡献者[19]。
所有实验均进行三次重复,数据以平均值±标准差表示。数据处理采用Microsoft Office Excel 2019,统计分析采用SPSS 26进行方差分析和显著性分析。聚类热图使用TBtools v.2.003获得。其他图像使用Origin 2022制作。
水蒸气蒸馏和超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏对白胡椒精油提取率如图1所示,从图1可以看出,水蒸气蒸馏所制得的胡椒精油(White Pepper Essential Oil-1,WPEO-1)的提取率为2.22%±0.45%,超声辅助可以将提取率提高至2.73%±0.36%(White Pepper Essential Oil-2,WPEO-2),超声波辅助技术对提取效率具有一定的强化作用,可能源于超声波的空化效应增强了溶剂渗透性,通过机械振动有效破碎植物细胞壁,促进挥发性成分的溶出,本研究与超声辅助提高肉桂精油的萃取率结果相一致[20]。实验数据表明,超声波辅助技术在植物精油提取领域具有显著的工艺优化价值,其通过物理场强化传质过程的特性值得在天然产物提取领域深入探索。
两种胡椒精油的感官评价结果如图2所示。从图2可以看出,两者的香气轮廓较为相近,但WPEO-2的辛辣味、椒麻味、柑橘味、木质味均强于WPEO-1,两种白胡椒精油的花香味较为相似。这可能是超声波辅助技术能够有效促进萜烯类等辛辣特征成分的析出,这与Li等[21]的研究一致,发现经过超声波辅助腌制后的牛肉样品中萜类、烯烃类和芳香族化合物的电子鼻传感器响应值显著提升。可见超声辅助不仅提升提取效率,更能有效地改善白胡椒精油的风味特征,使其辛辣味、木质味等风味特征变得更为突出,这对开发特色风味型植物精油具有重要指导意义。
WPEO-1和WPEO-2样品的二维谱图如图3所示,可以看出WPEO-2中检测出的挥发性成分的色谱峰较多,且峰面积较大,为进一步确定各色谱峰的化合物,对其进行定性和半定量分析。WPEO-1和WPEO-2挥发性气味化合物数量和浓度如图4所示,由表1和图4所示,两种提取方法得到的胡椒精油经GC×GC-O-TOF-MS共检测到109种挥发性成分,包括49种萜烯类、27种醇类、12种酮类、7种醛类、5种酯类和9种其它类化合物,其中WPEO-1中检测到95种挥发性成分(375.969 mg/mL),WPEO-2中检测到102种挥发性成分(400.152 mg/mL),可见超声处理对白胡椒精油的挥发性气味化合物的种类和含量具有明显影响。
萜烯类化合物是两种胡椒精油的主要挥发性气味化合物,根据结构可分为单帖烯类、倍半萜烯类、二萜烯类、三萜烯类等,其中单帖烯类和倍半萜烯类是植物精油中萜烯类化合物的主要成分,能够赋予植物精油独特的风味特征。WPEO-1中共检测出40种萜烯类化合物(310.861 mg/mL),WPEO-2中检测出49种萜烯类化合物(337.393 mg/mL),经超声处理后,新检测到了α-柏烯、α-环氧蒎烷、β-榄香烯、E-石竹烯、(-)-α-荜澄茄油烯、姜烯、β-红没药烯、香树烯和大根香叶烯B。两种胡椒精油中的β-蒎烯、3-蒈烯和(+)-柠檬烯含量较高,它们赋予了白胡椒精油清香、柑橘等特殊的风味特征[22]。同时,超声能够显著提高β-蒎烯、3-蒈烯、(+)-柠檬烯、月桂烯、对伞花烃等化合物的浓度,这可能是由于超声辅助技术可以增加液体和气体之间的传质效率,导致萜烯类化合物的释放,可见超声波可以更好地促进胡椒精油中萜烯类化合物的析出[23–24],从而得到的胡椒精油风味更佳浓郁,超声处理的空间效应是精油中挥发性气味化合物增加和浓度升高的重要原因,这一研究结果与Yang等[25]采用超声处理使西瓜汁的风味更加突出的研究结果相一致。
醇类化合物是植物精油香气的重要来源之一,它们可以和精油中的其他成分相互作用,共同构成了精油独特的风味特征[26]。WPEO-1中检测到25种醇类(48.935 mg/mL),而WPEO-2检测到24种醇类化合物(35.699 mg/mL),由于两种提取方法原理相似,其提取得到的精油的醇类物质的种类和浓度较为相似,其中α-毕橙茄醇、E-松香芹醇和2-环己烯-1-醇是两种胡椒精油中浓度比较高的化合物。值得注意的是,能够嗅闻到的醇类物质有正庚醇、芳樟醇、4-萜烯醇、二氢芳樟醇、α-松油醇和L-香芹醇等,为白胡椒精油提供柑橘味、胡椒味、木质味等香气特征。根据前人的研究[27],芳樟醇、香芹醇和4-萜烯醇等醇类化合物是植物精油香气的重要组成部分,广泛存在于花椒精油和八角茴香油等香辛料精油中[28],虽然两种胡椒精油中芳樟醇、4-萜烯醇等醇类化合物的浓度较低,由于其较低的气味阈值,也能被感官人员嗅闻感知。从载体特性分析,芳樟醇和α-松油醇具有较低的分子量和适中的沸点,能有效降低精油体系的表面张力,促进挥发性成分的扩散效率[29]。
WPEO-1与WPEO-2中酮类、醛类、酯类和其他类化合物种类差别不大,其中繖柳酮、十八醛、乙酸龙脑酯和4-丙基苯酚在WPEO-1中检测到,在WPEO-2中检测到2,4-二叔丁基酚和墙草碱。从化合物的含量来看,WPEO-2中酮类、醛类、酯类和其他类化合物的浓度均高于WPEO-1中化合物的浓度。可见,超声波辅助提取能够更好的促进物质的析出,使得提取到的白胡椒精油风味更具特色[30–31]。
并非检测到的所有挥发性成分都能具有香气活性,采用嗅闻可筛选出对食品香气有贡献的香气活性化合物[32]。如表1和图5所示,白胡椒精油经GC×GC-O-TOF-MS分析,共嗅闻到41种香气活性化合物的香气,其中包含25种烯类,9种醇类,2种酮类,1种醛类、1种酯类和3种其他类化合物。
通常认为化合物的FD因子越大,对样品整体香气的贡献度越大[33]。WPEO-1共有9种化合物的FD因子≥32,其中FD因子最高的化合物是3-蒈烯(FD=128,柑橘味),其次是萜品油烯(FD=64,木质味),WBEO-2中有10种化合物的FD因子≥32,其中FD因子最高的化合物为3-蒈烯(FD=128,柑橘味)、萜品油烯(FD=128,木质味)、和(+)-柠檬烯(FD=128,柑橘味),其中萜品油烯、(+)-柠檬烯和E-石竹烯等香气活性化合物经过超声波辅助后的FD因子均变大,从而导致经超声后所制得的白胡椒精油的柑橘味、木质味等风味增强。根据Fan等[34]的研究表明,3-蒈烯、(+)-柠檬烯、α-石竹烯等萜烯类化合物具有令人愉悦的木质、芳香、果香和松树等特征香气,3-蒈烯和(+)-柠檬烯在形成胡椒精油风味中至关重要,是大多数柑橘类水果精油中的主要萜烯化合物。
醇类化合物对风味的贡献也比较大,两个样品中的芳樟醇(FD=64/128,花香味)和4-萜烯醇(FD=16/32,木质味)带有柑橘、玫瑰、木本和柠檬等芳香气味,使得白胡椒精油香气更加浓郁独特。由表1可知,经超声辅助提取到的胡椒精油中大部分醇类化合物的FD值变大,这可能是因为超声处理诱导的空化效应,促进了WBEO-2样品中的挥发性成分的提取效率,使得FD因子变大。Meng等[35]利用超声波辅助技术酿造黄酒,发现超声后的黄酒中乙酸乙酯含量始终高于对照组,其特征风味得到明显增强。可见超声波辅助有助于生产高质量、高品质的食品及其加工产品。
采用外标标准曲线法对白胡椒精油中FD因子≥32的香气活性化合物进行精准定量,结果如表2所示。其中,3-蒈烯(299.181 mg/kg和303.44 mg/kg)是两种白胡椒精油种浓度最高的化合物,具有柑橘、草本和木质等香气。此外,(+)-柠檬烯(227.383 mg/kg和291.704 mg/kg)、萜品油烯(214.597 mg/kg和206.141mg /kg)也具有较高的浓度,为白胡椒精油提供了木质味、清香味,其中(+)-柠檬烯和E-石竹烯经超声辅助后浓度得到显著性提升。由表2和图6可知,超声处理可以显著提高白胡椒精油中香气活性化合物的浓度,可见超声波辅助水蒸气通过破坏细胞壁和形成微腔,在提高精油产率的同时,可以更好地促进萜烯类等挥发性成分的释放[36]。
香气活性化合物对风味的贡献不仅与浓度有关,还与其阈值有关,计算香气活性化合物的OAV,以进一步鉴定香气活性化合物对样品整体风味的贡献程度。如表2所示,两种白胡椒精油中共有8种香气活性化合物的OAV大于1,包括3-蒈烯、月桂烯、α-松油烯、(+)-柠檬烯、对花伞烃、E-石竹烯、萜品油烯、芳樟醇和4-萜烯醇。其中,OAV值比较大的是芳樟醇(OAV=1492/1996)、4-萜烯醇(OAV=841/1157)、萜品油烯(OAV=1062/1020)和3-蒈烯(OAV=388/394),它们为胡椒精油贡献了柑橘、木质、清香等特征风味。根据前人的研究[37],OAV较大的化合物被认为是样品香气的关键贡献者,其中醇类和萜烯类化合物对白胡椒精油风味的贡献最大,具有木香、清香等特征香气的芳樟醇和4-萜烯醇,由于其较低的气味阈值,因此对白胡椒精油的香气贡献程度很大。萜烯类化合物存在于大多数植物中,是植物生长发育所必需的物质,被认为是一类强呈味的挥发性香气化合物,是香辛料最为常见的香气成分。
本研究旨在探讨水蒸气蒸馏法和超声辅助水蒸气提取法在提取白胡椒精油中的应用,并利用分子感官科学的方法分析所得到的白胡椒精油的风味特征。在精油提取率方面,超声辅助水蒸气提取法(2.73%)优于单纯的水蒸气蒸馏法(2.22%)。其感官评价结果显示,白胡椒精油经超声处理后的辛辣味、柑橘味和木质味等香气特征更加明显;通过GC×GC-O-TOF-MS对两种白胡椒精油的挥发性成分进行分析对比,从两种样品中共鉴定出109种挥发性成分,经超声辅助后的得到的白胡椒精油的萜烯类物质由原来的40种化合物(310.861 mg/mL)增加到49种化合物(337.393 mg/mL);嗅闻到41种香气活性化合物,大多数香气活性化合物是萜烯类和醇类化合物,这是白胡椒精油具有“辛辣味”“柑橘味”“木质味”等感官特性的重要原因;通过AEDA对两种胡椒精油中的挥发性成分进行分析,鉴定出10种FD因子≥32的香气活性化合物,发现超声辅助可以有效提高芳樟醇等醇类化合物的FD因子;采用外标法对10种FD≥32的香气活性化合物进行精准定量,并计算OAV,发现两种胡椒精油中关键香气活性化合物均为3-蒈烯、芳樟醇、(+)-柠檬烯和萜品油烯,且WPEO-2中芳樟醇、4-萜烯醇和3-蒈烯等重要香气活性化合物的OAV值均得到了提升。
本研究利用分子感官科学技术发现两种方法所得精油的主要挥发性成分较为相似,但是超声辅助水蒸气提取法所得精油中的大部分挥发性成分的含量明显增加,并且有效的提高了白胡椒精油中的香气活性化合物的浓度,可能是由于超声波对细胞结构的破坏导致了更多风味成分的释放。然而,超声波辅助水蒸气蒸馏技术改善植物精油风味特征的机理尚未明确,未来研究可进一步探讨不同提取条件对白胡椒精油风味特征的影响以及如何将提取方法与后续应用相结合,以期获得风味品质更佳的白胡椒精油,推动白胡椒精油在更多领域的应用和发展

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
张玉涵, 魏占姣, 蒋云聪, 等. 基于超快速气相电子鼻及Feller加成模型的胡椒精油特征香气成分分析[J]. 中国食品添加剂, 2023, 34(12): 238−243. [ZHANG Y H, WEI Z J, JIANG Y C, et al. Analysis of characteristic aroma components of pepper essential oil based on ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose and Feller addition model[J]. China Food Additives, 2023, 34(12): 238−243.]
ZHANG Y H, WEI Z J, JIANG Y C, et al. Analysis of characteristic aroma components of pepper essential oil based on ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose and Feller addition model[J]. China Food Additives, 2023, 34(12): 238−243.
2
段梦雅, 王福清, 吴桂苹, 等. 4种胡椒精油风味特征分析[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(8): 213−219. [DUAN M Y, WANG F Q, WU G P, et al. Analysis of flavor characteristics of four pepper essential oils[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(8): 213−219.]
DUAN M Y, WANG F Q, WU G P, et al. Analysis of flavor characteristics of four pepper essential oils[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(8): 213−219.
3
郇志博, 于世幸. 胡椒和肉桂挥发性组成分析及对普通大蓟马的驱避作用[J]. 植物保护, 2024, 50(3): 195−202. [HUAN Z B, YU Z X. Analysis of volatile components in Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum cassia and their repellent activity against Megalurothrips usitatus[J]. Plant Protection 2024, 50(3): 195−202.]
HUAN Z B, YU Z X. Analysis of volatile components in Piper nigrum and Cinnamomum cassia and their repellent activity against Megalurothrips usitatus[J]. Plant Protection 2024, 50(3): 195−202.
4
潘晓翠, 成宏斌, 王帆林, 等. 成熟度及处理方式对胡椒活性成分及其含量的影响[J]. 粮食与油脂, 2024, 37(9): 114−118. [PAN Xiaocui, CHENG Hongbin, WANG Fanlin, et al. Effects of maturity and processing methods on the active ingredients and content of pepper[J]. Cereals & Oils, 2024, 37(9): 114−118.]
PAN Xiaocui, CHENG Hongbin, WANG Fanlin, et al. Effects of maturity and processing methods on the active ingredients and content of pepper[J]. Cereals & Oils, 2024, 37(9): 114−118.
5
VARUGHESE T, UNNIKRISHNAN P K, DEEPAK M, et al. Chemical composition of the essential oils from stem, root, fruit and leaf of Piper longum Linn[J]. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2016, 19(1): 52−58.
6
LUCA S V, KITTL T, MINCEVA M. Supercritical CO2 extraction of spices: A systematic study with focus on terpenes and piperamides from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)[J]. Food Chemistry, 2023, 406: 135090.
7
TRAN T H, LE Ke ha, NGUYEN D C, et al. The study on extraction process and analysis of components in essential oils of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) seeds harvested in Gia Lai province, Vietnam[J]. Processes, 2019, 7(2): 56.
8
SANDHU H K, SINHA P, EMANUEL N, et al. Effect of ultrasound-assisted pretreatment on extraction efficiency of essential oil and bioactive compounds from Citrus waste by-products[J]. Separations, 2021, 8(12): 244.
9
SHEN L P, PANG S X, ZHONG M M, et al. A comprehensive review of ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) for bioactive components: Principles, advantages, equipment, and combined technologies [J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2023, 101.
10
张学彬, 郭临佩, 田志聪, 等. 响应面法优化超声波辅助水蒸气蒸馏提取丁香精油研究[J]. 中国食品添加剂, 2019, 30(9): 117−124. [ZHANG X B, GUO L P, TIAN Z C, et al. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation extraction of clove oil by response flour method[J]. China Food Additives, 2019, 30(9): 117−124.]
ZHANG X B, GUO L P, TIAN Z C, et al. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation extraction of clove oil by response flour method[J]. China Food Additives, 2019, 30(9): 117−124.
11
KHADHRAOUI B, UMMAT V, TIWARI B K, et al. Review of ultrasound combinations with hybrid and innovative techniques for extraction and processing of food and natural products[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2021, 76: 105625.
12
NIE Jinggui, CHEN Danting, YE Jing, et al. Optimization and kinetic modeling of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of fucoxanthin from edible brown algae Sargassum fusiforme using green solvents[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2021, 77: 105671.
13
FLAIG M, QI S, WEI Guodong, et al. Characterization of the key odorants in a high-grade Chinese green tea beverage (Camellia sinensis; Jingshan Cha) by means of the sensomics approach and elucidation of odorant changes in tea leaves caused by the tea manufacturing process[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020, 68(18): 5168−5179.
14
YANG Fan, LIU Ye, WANG Bei, et al. Screening of the volatile compounds in fresh and thermally treated watermelon juice via headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry analysis[J]. LWT, 2021, 137: 110478.
15
SHI Chunhe, YANG Fan, YAN Lichang, et al. Characterization of key aroma-active compounds in fresh and vacuum freeze-drying mulberry by molecular sensory science methods[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2024, 133: 106387.
16
杨帆, 陈尔豹, 牛晓媛, 等. GC-O-MS分析热处理前后西瓜汁挥发性风味成分[J]. 食品科学技术学报, 2020, 38(3): 35−42. [YANG F, CHEN E B, NIU X Y, et al. Effect of heat treament on volatile flavor components of watermelon juice by GC-O-MS analysis[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 38(3): 35−42.]
YANG F, CHEN E B, NIU X Y, et al. Effect of heat treament on volatile flavor components of watermelon juice by GC-O-MS analysis[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 38(3): 35−42.
17
李鑫, 王福清, 吴桂苹, 等. 3种脱皮方式对白胡椒品质的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(15): 79−86. [LI Xin, WANG Fuqing, WU Guiping, et al. Effects of three peeling methods on the quality of white pepper[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(15): 79−86.]
LI Xin, WANG Fuqing, WU Guiping, et al. Effects of three peeling methods on the quality of white pepper[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(15): 79−86.
18
李鑫, 丁云爽, 张超华, 等. 机械脱皮白胡椒的品质评价及风味分析[J]. 现代食品科技, 2023, 39(7): 268−279. [LI Xin, DING Yunshuang, ZHANG Chaohua, et al. Quality assessment and flavor analysis of mechanically decorticated white pepper[J]. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2023, 39(7): 268−279.]
LI Xin, DING Yunshuang, ZHANG Chaohua, et al. Quality assessment and flavor analysis of mechanically decorticated white pepper[J]. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2023, 39(7): 268−279.
19
XU Ying, BI Shuang, NIU Xiaoyuan, et al. Comparison of aroma active compounds in cold- and hot-pressed walnut oil by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry and headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 163: 112208.
20
JADHAV H, JADHAV A, MORABIYA Y, et al. Combined impact of ultrasound pre-treatment and hydrodistillation on bioactive compounds and GC–MS analysis of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract[J]. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2021, 12(2): 807−821.
21
LI Chukai, SUN Yangying, PAN Daodong, et al. Contribution of ultrasound-assisted protein structural changes in marinated beef to the improved binding ability of spices and flavor enhancement[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2025, 105(2): 1239−1250.
22
PATEIRO M, MUNEKATA P E S, Sant’ANA A S, et al. Application of essential oils as antimicrobial agents against spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in meat products[J]. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2021, 337: 108966.
23
ALMEIDA R N, ROSSA G E, de CASTRO J H, et al. Extraction and fractionation of long pepper essential oil: Process modeling and simulation[J]. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2023, 40(4): 1103−1113.
24
LI Yongxin, ZHANG Chi, PAN Shenyuan, et al. Analysis of chemical components and biological activities of essential oils from black and white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in five provinces of Southern China[J]. LWT, 2020, 117: 108644.
25
YANG Xiao, YANG Fan, LIU Ye, et al. Identification of key off-flavor compounds in thermally treated watermelon juice via gas chromatography–olfactometry–mass spectrometry, aroma recombination, and omission experiments[J]. Foods, 2020, 9(2): 227.
26
FRATERNALE D, GIAMPERI L, RICCI D. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil obtained from in vitro plants of thymus Mastichina L[J]. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2003, 15(4): 278−281.
27
WANG Yixi, HUANG Jinchun, LIN Xinyue, et al. Recent progress in the extraction of terpenoids from essential oils and separation of the enantiomers by GC–MS[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2024, 1730: 465118.
28
SHAO Yuanyuan, LIU Xiaoqiong, ZHANG Zhuoya, et al. Comparison and discrimination of the terpenoids in 48 species of Huajiao according to variety and geographical origin by E-nose coupled with HS-SPME-GC-MS[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 167: 112629.
29
SCHWAB W, DAVIDOVICH-RIKANATI R, LEWINSOHN E. Biosynthesis of plant-derived flavor compounds[J]. The Plant Journal, 2008, 54(4): 712−732.
30
杨帆, 徐莹, 代晹鑫, 等. 基于Mono Trap-GC-O-MS的西瓜汁热处理前后气味化合物分析[J]. 食品科学技术学报, 2023, 41(1): 143−153. [YANG F, XU Y, DAI Y X, et al. Odor compounds analysis of fresh and heated watermelon juice based on Mono Trap-GC-O-MS[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 41(1): 143−153.]
YANG F, XU Y, DAI Y X, et al. Odor compounds analysis of fresh and heated watermelon juice based on Mono Trap-GC-O-MS[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 41(1): 143−153.
31
XU Ying, BI Shuang, XIONG Chunhui, et al. Identification of aroma active compounds in walnut oil by monolithic material adsorption extraction of RSC18 combined with gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry[J]. Food Chemistry, 2023, 402: 134303.
32
GAO Xing, YU Mingguang, HAN Xiaomo, et al. Characterization of odor-active compounds in Liuzhou River snail rice noodles soup by sensory-directed flavor analysis[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2024, 131: 106276.
33
YANG Fan, CHEN Erbao, FU Anzhen, et al. Formation of key aroma compounds in Agrocybe aegerita during hot air drying: Amino acids and reducing sugars identified as flavor precursors[J]. Food Chemistry, 2025, 465: 141975.
34
FAN Rui, QIN Xiaowei, HU Rongsuo, et al. Studies on the chemical and flavour qualities of white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) derived from grafted and non-grafted plants[J]. European Food Research and Technology, 2020, 246(12): 2601−2610.
35
MENG Xiao, KONG Jing, ZHANG Kai, et al. Association of resistin-like molecule β levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm[J]. International Journal of Cardiology, 2015, 181: 8−10.
36
YU T, YAO H, QI S, et al. GC-MS analysis of volatiles in cinnamon essential oil extracted by different methods[J]. Grasas y Aceites, 2020, 71(3): e372.
37
YANG Xuelian, QIN Zichun, ZHANG Rui, et al. Preparation and flavor characteristics of plant-based meat flavoring by mixed fermentation of multiple strains[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2024, 136: 106841.
2026年第47卷第3期
PDF下载
50
22
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281
  • 接收时间:2025-02-07
  • 首发时间:2026-10-25
  • 出版时间:2026-02-01
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-07
基金
作者信息
    北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048

通讯作者:

毕爽(1992−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:。
刘野(1981−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品风味化学,E-mail:。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025010281
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏