Article(id=1321170305226231900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1321170163563614210, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1739721600000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792921146922, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1769875200000, pubDateStr=2026-02-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921146922, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921146922, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921146922, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321170163563614210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='497', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769875200000', pubDateStr='2026-02-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921113148, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921113148, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=254, endPage=262, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321170305423364189, articleId=1321170305226231900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process and Characterization of Antioxidant and Anti-aging Peptides from Pigeon Blood, columnId=1261343843090313538, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Processing Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to achieve a high-value utilization of pigeon blood, a by-product during the processing of meat pigeon, this study focused on the preparation of antioxidant and anti-aging peptides from pigeon blood through enzymatic hydrolysis. First, pretreatments of pigeon blood were adopted to help the hemoglobin in blood erythrocytes dissolve out. Then, different proteases were employed to enzymatically hydrolyze the hemoglobin in pigeon blood, and the DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity of the resultant hydrolysate, as well as the tyrosinase inhibitory activity were selected as screening indexes to optimize the enzymolysis conditions. The enzymatic hydrolysis process of active peptides in pigeon blood was optimized by using single-factor and orthogonal experiments. Result showed that ultrasonic treatment for 5 min at 100 W owned the highest dissolving hemoglobin content for 192.65 mg/mL, which indicating the best hemolysis effect. The DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of hydrolysate obtained from pepsin treatment were all basically higher than those from other proteases, and the protein recovery was also relative higher, revealing pepsin as the most effective protease for the enzymatic hydrolysis. The optimum conditions for the preparation of antioxidant and anti-aging peptides from pigeon blood established: blood-to-water ratio at 1:1.2, protease addition at 12000 U/g, hydrolysis time at 4 h, hydrolysis temperature at 37 ℃, and pH at 2.0. Under this process, the tyrosinase inhibition rate of the obtained pigeon blood hydrolysate reached the highest, at 45.93%, and the ABTS+ scavenging rate was 83.84%. The hydrolysate was mainly consisted of peptides with molecular weight smaller than 5000 Da, accounting for 78.98% of the total. And the essential amino acids, hydrophobic amino acids, and antioxidant amino acids accounted for 42.01%, 38.62%, and 27.22% of the total amino acids, respectively, which indicated excellent nutritional value and antioxidant and anti-aging effects of the hydrolysate obtained from pigeon blood. All these provided a fundamental basis for the development of bioactive peptides from pigeon blood and the reutilization of meat pigeon processing by-products.

, authors=Yuanhong ZHANG1, Yu FANG1, Ying LI1, Weibo CHEN2, 3, Xiaofang ZENG1, *, authorsList=Yuanhong ZHANG, Yu FANG, Ying LI, Weibo CHEN, Xiaofang ZENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiaofang ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321170307713454184, articleId=1321170305226231900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=酶解鸽血制备抗氧化及抗衰老活性肽的工艺优化及产物特性, columnId=1261343845481066826, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=工艺技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了使肉鸽加工副产物鸽血得到高值化利用,本研究通过酶解鸽血蛋白制备抗氧化和抗衰老活性肽。首先采用一定的预处理手段使鸽血血红蛋白溶出,再通过不同的蛋白酶对鸽血蛋白进行酶解,以DPPH自由基清除率、ABTS+自由基清除率和酪氨酸酶抑制活性为主要筛选指标,采用单因素和正交试验优化鸽血活性多肽的酶解工艺。结果显示,100 W下超声5 min预处理的溶血效果最好,鸽血血红蛋白溶出量最高,为192.65 mg/mL;不同蛋白酶中胃蛋白酶酶解鸽血蛋白得到的产物DPPH、ABTS+自由基清除率及酪氨酸激酶抑制活性均较高,且产物蛋白质回收利用率(PR)较高;胃蛋白酶酶解的最佳工艺条件为:血水比1:1.2、酶添加量12000 U/g、酶解时间4 h、酶解温度37 ℃、pH 2.0。该工艺下得到的酶解产物酪氨酸酶抑制率最高,达到45.93%,ABTS清除率为83.84%。该酶解多肽主要由分子量小于5000 Da的肽段组成,占总酶解液的78.98%;其必需氨基酸、疏水性氨基酸和抗氧化氨基酸含量分别占总氨基酸的42.01%、38.62%和27.22%,表明得到的鸽血活性肽具有非常好的营养价值和抗氧化、抗衰老功效。本研究结果为鸽血活性肽的开发及肉鸽加工副产物的资源化再利用提供依据。

, authors=张远红1, 方煜1, 李滢1, 陈伟波2, 3, 曾晓房1, *, authorsList=张远红, 方煜, 李滢, 陈伟波, 曾晓房, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=曾晓房, authorNote=

张远红(1989−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:蛋白质精深加工、食品营养与健康,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
曾晓房(1979−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:肉品加工和质量控制,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=APbg0oW9nZNRGJBU2RcwdA==, magXml=x8S4lLPU0SqmrlmKpKVMyQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=oWtJ8ZBFC/aXXNrl1tqCXg==, pdfFileSize=2333041, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=gVsOTuCv6vOuotBkO/f7fw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=4nvZGekbk5VUNlpZeJ0AlQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1321170308283879539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zyh5801307075@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308363571317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308283879539, language=EN, stringName=Yuanhong ZHANG, firstName=Yuanhong, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308439068790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308283879539, language=CN, stringName=张远红, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio={"content":"

张远红(1989−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:蛋白质精深加工、食品营养与健康,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张远红(1989−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:蛋白质精深加工、食品营养与健康,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])]), Author(id=1321170308501983352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308619423866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308501983352, language=EN, stringName=Yu FANG, firstName=Yu, middleName=null, lastName=FANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308703309947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308501983352, language=CN, stringName=方煜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])]), Author(id=1321170308774613117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308862693503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308774613117, language=EN, stringName=Ying LI, firstName=Ying, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308950773888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308774613117, language=CN, stringName=李滢, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])]), Author(id=1321170309017882754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309114351749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309017882754, language=EN, stringName=Weibo CHEN, firstName=Weibo, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
3Meizhou Golden Green Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Meizhou 514500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309210820742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309017882754, language=CN, stringName=陈伟波, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院,宁夏银川 750021
3梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170308074164332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308082552941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308074164332, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308090941550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308074164332, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院,宁夏银川 750021)]), AuthorCompany(id=1321170308187410543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308195799152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308187410543, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Meizhou Golden Green Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Meizhou 514500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308208382065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308187410543, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500)])]), Author(id=1321170309298901128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xiaofang_zeng2015@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309382787210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309298901128, language=EN, stringName=Xiaofang ZENG, firstName=Xiaofang, middleName=null, lastName=ZENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309445701771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309298901128, language=CN, stringName=曾晓房, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1321170309554753676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=pigeon blood), Keyword(id=1321170309613473933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=enzymolysis), Keyword(id=1321170309693165710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=antioxidant activity), Keyword(id=1321170309751885967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=anti-aging activity), Keyword(id=1321170309814800528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=process optimization), Keyword(id=1321170309894492305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=molecular weight distribution), Keyword(id=1321170309974184082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, orderNo=7, keyword=amino acid composition), Keyword(id=1321170310041292947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=鸽血), Keyword(id=1321170310104207508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=酶解), Keyword(id=1321170310158733461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=抗氧化活性), Keyword(id=1321170310217453718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=抗衰老活性), Keyword(id=1321170310276173975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=工艺优化), Keyword(id=1321170310343282840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=分子量分布), Keyword(id=1321170310402003097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, orderNo=7, keyword=氨基酸组成)], refs=[Reference(id=1321170313933607086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WYSS-CORAY T. Ageing, neurodegeneration and brain rejuvenation[J]. Nature, 2016, 539(7628): 180−186., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170313992327343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马作霖. 乳清粉调节D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠肠道菌群结构及抗衰老作用研究[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2021. [MA Zuolin. Study on the regulation of gut microbiota structure and anti-aging effect of whey powder in D-galactose-induced aging mice[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2021.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314055241904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA Zuolin. Study on the regulation of gut microbiota structure and anti-aging effect of whey powder in D-galactose-induced aging mice[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314113962161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=袁洁, 蔡时青. 衰老过程中行为和认知功能退化的调控机制研究[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(6): 545−570. [YUAN Jie, CAI Shiqing. Research on the regulatory mechanism of behavioral and cognitive function degradation during aging process[J]. Inheritance, 2021, 43(6): 545−570.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314193653938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YUAN Jie, CAI Shiqing. Research on the regulatory mechanism of behavioral and cognitive function degradation during aging process[J]. Inheritance, 2021, 43(6): 545−570., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314269151411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HARMAN D. Aging: A theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry[J]. Journal of Gerontology, 1956, 11(3): 298−300., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314361426100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG L, LIU M, ZHAI G, et al. Antioxidant and anti-ageing activities of mycelia zinc polysaccharide from Pholiota Nameko SW-03[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2014, 95(15): 3117−3126., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314436923573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘国乾, 陈益填, 刘思伽, 等. 肉鸽起源及品种发展历程[J]. 养禽与禽病防治, 2020(4): 12−15. [LIU Guoqian, CHEN Yitian, LIU Sijia, et al. Origin and development history of meat pigeons[J]. Poultry Farming and Poultry Disease Prevention and Control, 2020(4): 12−15.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314512421046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Guoqian, CHEN Yitian, LIU Sijia, et al. Origin and development history of meat pigeons[J]. Poultry Farming and Poultry Disease Prevention and Control, 2020(4): 12−15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314575335607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈元靓, 等. 事林广记[M]. 南京: 江苏人民出版社, 2011. [CHEN Yuanliang, et al. Shi Lin Guangji[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 2011.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314650833080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Yuanliang, et al. Shi Lin Guangji[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 2011., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314734719161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王丽媛, 高艳蕾, 张丽, 等. 畜禽副产物的加工利用现状及研究展望[J]. 食品科技, 2022, 47(6): 174−183. [WANG Liyuan, GAO Yanlei, ZHANG Li, et al. The current status and research prospects of processing and utilization of livestock and poultry by-products[J]. Food Technology, 2022, 47(6): 174−183.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314797633722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Liyuan, GAO Yanlei, ZHANG Li, et al. The current status and research prospects of processing and utilization of livestock and poultry by-products[J]. Food Technology, 2022, 47(6): 174−183., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314864742587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙子怡, 杨剑婷, 谢宁宁, 等. 猪血球蛋白营养分析与水解工艺优化及制备金属螯合肽的研究[J]. 食品与机械, 2020, 36(11): 177−182. [SUN Ziyi, YANG Jianting, XIE Ningning, et al. Study on nutritional analysis and hydrolysis process optimization of pig blood cell protein and preparation of metal chelated peptides[J]. Food and Machinery, 2020, 36(11): 177−182.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170314936045756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Ziyi, YANG Jianting, XIE Ningning, et al. Study on nutritional analysis and hydrolysis process optimization of pig blood cell protein and preparation of metal chelated peptides[J]. Food and Machinery, 2020, 36(11): 177−182., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170315007348925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡鑫, 罗永康, 于雪初. 胃蛋白酶水解猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽条件的优化[J]. 食品科技, 2009, 34(11): 127−130. [HU Xin, LUO Yongkang, YU Xuechu. Optimization of the conditions for preparing ACE inhibitory peptide by hydrolyzing porcine hemoglobin with pepsin[J]. Food Technology, 2009, 34(11): 127−130.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170316668293310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU Xin, LUO Yongkang, YU Xuechu. Optimization of the conditions for preparing ACE inhibitory peptide by hydrolyzing porcine hemoglobin with pepsin[J]. Food Technology, 2009, 34(11): 127−130., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170316752179391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郑炯, 汪学荣, 阚建全. 血红蛋白多肽螯台铁的抗贫血功能研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2009, 30(10): 312−313. [ZHENG Jiong, WANG Xuerong, HAN Jianquan. Study on the anti-anemia function of hemoglobin polypeptide chelated iron[J]. Food Industry Technology, 2009, 30(10): 312−313.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170316831871168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG Jiong, WANG Xuerong, HAN Jianquan. Study on the anti-anemia function of hemoglobin polypeptide chelated iron[J]. Food Industry Technology, 2009, 30(10): 312−313., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170316907368641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG J, HUANG J, ZHU Z, et al. Investigation of optimal conditions for production of antioxidant peptides from duck blood plasma: Response surface methodology[J]. Poult Science, 2020, 99(12): 7159−7168., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170316995449026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG Z, WEI X, SHANG T, et al. Bioconversion of duck blood cell: Process optimization of hydrolytic conditions and peptide hydrolysate characterization[J]. BMC Biotechnology, 2018, 18(1): 67., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317083529411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郑召君. 家禽血球酶解工艺及抗氧化肽分离鉴定和特性研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2017. [ZHENG Zhaojun. Enzymatic hydrolysis process of poultry blood cells and study on the isolation, identification and characteristics of antioxidant peptides[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317159026884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG Zhaojun. Enzymatic hydrolysis process of poultry blood cells and study on the isolation, identification and characteristics of antioxidant peptides[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317255495877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郑召君, 张日俊. 酶解鸡血球制备抗氧化肽的工艺优化和分析鉴定[J]. 食品科学, 2018, 39(22): 71−79. [ZHENG Zhaojun, ZHANG Rijun. Process optimization and analysis and identification for preparing antioxidant peptides from enzyme-hydrolyzed chicken blood spheres[J]. Food Science, 2018, 39(22): 71−79.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317343576262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG Zhaojun, ZHANG Rijun. Process optimization and analysis and identification for preparing antioxidant peptides from enzyme-hydrolyzed chicken blood spheres[J]. Food Science, 2018, 39(22): 71−79., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317410685127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王爽, 刘雪松, 江波涛. 驴血蛋白酶解制备抗氧化肽工艺优化[J]. 生物学杂志, 2023, 40(2): 109−114. [WANG Shuang, LIU Xuesong, JIANG Botao. Optimization of the preparation process of antioxidant peptides by donkey blood protease hydrolysis[J]. Journal of Biology, 2023, 40(2): 109−114.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317473599688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Shuang, LIU Xuesong, JIANG Botao. Optimization of the preparation process of antioxidant peptides by donkey blood protease hydrolysis[J]. Journal of Biology, 2023, 40(2): 109−114., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317553291465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张艳, 江波涛, 李莉, 等. 驴血血红蛋白肽的制备工艺研究[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2023, 66(17): 134−138. [ZHANG Yan, JIANG Botao, LI Li, et al. Research on the preparation process of donkey blood hemoglobin peptides[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 66(17): 134−138.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317616206026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Yan, JIANG Botao, LI Li, et al. Research on the preparation process of donkey blood hemoglobin peptides[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 66(17): 134−138., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317708480715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄和平, 陈孙福, 罗永康. 鳄鱼血蛋白酶解产物抗氧化特性和血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性研究[J]. 渔业现代化, 2014, 41(5): 44−48. [HUANG Heping, CHEN Sunfu, LUO Yongkang. Study on the antioxidant properties and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of crocodile blood protease hydrolysates[J]. Fishery Modernization, 2014, 41(5): 44−48.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317775589580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG Heping, CHEN Sunfu, LUO Yongkang. Study on the antioxidant properties and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of crocodile blood protease hydrolysates[J]. Fishery Modernization, 2014, 41(5): 44−48., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317846892749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周雨, 施丽芬, 朱捷, 等. 牦牛血抗氧化肽发酵制备工艺优化及结构分析研究[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2023, 14(6): 270−278. [ZHOU Yu, SHI Lifen, ZHU Jie, et al. Optimization of fermentation process and structural analysis of yak blood antioxidant peptides[J]. Journal of Food Safety and Quality Testing, 2023, 14(6): 270−278.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317909807310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Yu, SHI Lifen, ZHU Jie, et al. Optimization of fermentation process and structural analysis of yak blood antioxidant peptides[J]. Journal of Food Safety and Quality Testing, 2023, 14(6): 270−278., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170317985304783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘丽君. 驼血抗氧化与降糖活性肽的制备与鉴定[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2019. [LIU Lijun. Preparation and identification of antioxidant and hypoglycemic active peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318060802256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Lijun. Preparation and identification of antioxidant and hypoglycemic active peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318136299729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马志鹰. 驼血中降血压降血脂多肽的制备及鉴定[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2019. [MA Zhiying. Preparation and identification of polypeptides for lowering blood pressure and blood lipid in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318211797202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA Zhiying. Preparation and identification of polypeptides for lowering blood pressure and blood lipid in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318278906067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙茹欣. 驼血降血脂生物活性肽的制备与鉴定[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2021. [SUN Ruxin. Preparation and identification of lipid-lowering bioactive peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2021.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318341820628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Ruxin. Preparation and identification of lipid-lowering bioactive peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318408929493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=姜红. 马鹿茸血酶解肽免疫活性及抗氧化活性的研究[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2008. [JIANG Hong. Study on theimmune activity and antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydropeptides in horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318484426966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIANG Hong. Study on theimmune activity and antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydropeptides in horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318559924439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=尹晓平. 马鹿茸血酶解制备抗疲劳活性肽的研究[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2008. [YIN Xiaoping. Research on the preparation of anti-tatigue active peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis of horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318631227608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YIN Xiaoping. Research on the preparation of anti-tatigue active peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis of horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318694142169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DING C, HAO M, MA S, et al. Identification of peptides with antioxidant, anti-lipoxygenase, anti-xanthine oxidase and anti-tyrosinase activities from velvet antler blood[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 2022, 168: 113889., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318757056730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=付彩霞. 梅花鹿血的蛋白酶水解及水解产物的抗衰老功能研究[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2009. [FU Caixia. Study on the protease hydrolysis of sika deer blood and the anti-aging function of its hydrolysis products[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2009.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318836748507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FU Caixia. Study on the protease hydrolysis of sika deer blood and the anti-aging function of its hydrolysis products[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2009., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170318933217500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=力俊琛. 鸽血抗氧化肽的分离、结构鉴定及体外抗氧化活性评价[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2022. [LI Junchen. Isolation, structural identification, and in vitro antioxidant activity evaluation of pigeon blood antioxidant peptides[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2022.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319012909277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Junchen. Isolation, structural identification, and in vitro antioxidant activity evaluation of pigeon blood antioxidant peptides[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319092601054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NIELSEN P M, PETERSEN D, DAMBMANN C. Improved method for determining food protein degree of hydrolysis[J]. Journal of Food Science, 2001, 66(5): 642−646., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319159709919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BRAND-WILLIAMS W, CUVELIER M E, BERSET C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 1995, 28(1): 25−30., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319226818784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIAO Chuqiao, TOLDRÁ F, ZHAO Mouming, et al. In vitro and in silico analysis of potential antioxidant peptides obtained from chicken hydrolysate produced using alcalase[J]. Molecular Brain Research, 1998, 58(52): 195−208., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319293927649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=51, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张喆, 马凌云, 尚凡凡, 等. 酶解鱿鱼皮制备ACE抑制肽的工艺优化及产物特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2025, 46(17): 252−259. [ZHANG Zhe, MA Lingyun, SHANG Fanfan, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of squid skin to prepare ACE inhibiting peptides and study on product characteristics[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(17): 252−259.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319356842210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=52, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Zhe, MA Lingyun, SHANG Fanfan, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of squid skin to prepare ACE inhibiting peptides and study on product characteristics[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(17): 252−259., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319436533987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=53, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PIRES I S, BERTHIAUME F O, PALMER A F. Engineering therapeutics to detoxify hemoglobin, heme, and iron[J]. Annual Review of Biomedical Eengineering, 2023, 25(2): 1−21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170319512031460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=54, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG L, REN J, SU G, et al. Comparison of in vitro digestion characteristics and antioxidant activity of hot- and cold-pressed peanut meals[J]. Food Chemistry, 2013, 141(4): 4246−4252., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321164587237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=55, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ADDAR L, BENSOUICI C, SI AHMED Z S, et al. Antioxidant, tyrosinase and urease inhibitory activities of camel α-casein and its hydrolysate fractions[J]. Small Ruminant Research, 2019, 173(74): 30−35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321265250534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=56, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋玉琼, 胡晓, 李来好, 等. 食物蛋白源酪氨酸酶抑制肽的研究进展[J]. 陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 51(3): 16−28. [SONG Yuqiong, HU Xiao, LI Laihao, et al. Research progress of food protein-derived tyrosinase inhibitory peptides[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 51(3): 16−28.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321353330919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=57, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG Yuqiong, HU Xiao, LI Laihao, et al. Research progress of food protein-derived tyrosinase inhibitory peptides[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 51(3): 16−28., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321453994216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=58, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=祝超智, 温耀涵, 许龙, 等. 牛血红蛋白肽的酶解工艺优化及其亚铁螯合物结构、稳定性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2024, 45(8): 75−87. [ZHU Chaozhi, WEN Yaohan, XU Long, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis process of bovine hemoglobin peptide and study on the structure and stability of its ferrous chelate[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(8): 75−87.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321533685993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=59, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU Chaozhi, WEN Yaohan, XU Long, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis process of bovine hemoglobin peptide and study on the structure and stability of its ferrous chelate[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(8): 75−87., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321613377770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=60, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU X, WANG Y, ZHAO Y, et al. Antioxidant peptides from the protein hydrolysate of monkfish (Lophius Litulon) muscle: Purification, identification, and cytoprotective function on HepG2 cells damage by H2O2[J]. Marine Drugs, 2020, 18(3): 153., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321680486635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=61, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈畅华, 杨娟, 张远红, 等. 双酶酶解鸽胸肉工艺优化及抗氧化性评价[J]. 食品与机械, 2023, 39(4): 163−169. [SHEN Changhua, YANG Juan, ZHANG Yuanhong, et al. Response surface methodology optimization and antioxidant evaluation of pigeon meat hydrolyzed by two enzymes[J]. Food and Machinery, 2023, 39(4): 163−169.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321768567020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=62, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHEN Changhua, YANG Juan, ZHANG Yuanhong, et al. Response surface methodology optimization and antioxidant evaluation of pigeon meat hydrolyzed by two enzymes[J]. Food and Machinery, 2023, 39(4): 163−169., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321877618925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=63, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GARCIA E J, CAIN M E. Isolation housing elevates amphetamine seeking independent of nucleus accumbens glutamate receptor adaptations[J]. European Journal of Neuroscience, 2021, 54(7): 6382−6396., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170321974087918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=64, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陆东林. 乳蛋白质的氨基酸组成和氨基酸评分[J]. 新疆畜牧业, 2014(10): 4−8. [LU Donglin. The amino acid composition and amino acid score of milk protein[J]. Animal husbandry in Xinjiang, 2014(10): 4−8.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170322049585391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=65, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LU Donglin. The amino acid composition and amino acid score of milk protein[J]. Animal husbandry in Xinjiang, 2014(10): 4−8., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170322133471472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=66, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DALLE G R, CALUGI S, RUOCCO C, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a specific blend of amino acids in patients with anorexia nervosa treated in a hospital setting: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial[J]. Trials, 2023, 24(1): 104., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170322200580337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=67, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN C, HSU S, ANN D K, et al. Arginine signaling and cancer metabolism[J]. Cancers, 2021, 13(14): 3541., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)]), AuthorCompany(id=1321170308074164332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308082552941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308074164332, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308090941550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308074164332, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院,宁夏银川 750021)]), AuthorCompany(id=1321170308187410543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308195799152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308187410543, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Meizhou Golden Green Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Meizhou 514500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308208382065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308187410543, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1321170310515249306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effect of different ways of hemolysis on the dissolution of hemoglobin in pigeon blood, figureFileSmall=N0XOAi66oDIfD48WXI+wxw==, figureFileBig=gVsOTuCv6vOuotBkO/f7fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170310594941083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同溶血方式对鸽血血红蛋白溶出效果的影响

注:不同的字母代表差异显著(P<0.05),图2~图5同。

, figureFileSmall=N0XOAi66oDIfD48WXI+wxw==, figureFileBig=gVsOTuCv6vOuotBkO/f7fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312348160156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effect of different proteases on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pigeon blood and the DPPH, ABTS+ scavenging activity and the anti-tyrosinase activity of resultant hydrolysates, figureFileSmall=+QP94hBojaL3CZWyI/ftRg==, figureFileBig=Ucz6DZDpeSSBqv/mFBGjZg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312436240541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同蛋白酶对鸽血酶解程度及产物DPPH、ABTS+自由基清除率和酪氨酸酶抑制率的影响, figureFileSmall=+QP94hBojaL3CZWyI/ftRg==, figureFileBig=Ucz6DZDpeSSBqv/mFBGjZg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312524320926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effect of blood-water ratio on the enzymatic hydrolysis, figureFileSmall=UNPAurvBry7vBU92dZJV8w==, figureFileBig=afHkDYgpspJ5P/UVPhFOBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312599818399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=图3, caption=血水比对酶解效果的影响, figureFileSmall=UNPAurvBry7vBU92dZJV8w==, figureFileBig=afHkDYgpspJ5P/UVPhFOBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312692093088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effect of enzyme dosage on the enzyme hydrolysis, figureFileSmall=PmW9HpsVbTmFLsfGE3A75Q==, figureFileBig=3qEAvh0G7zMGXHgHObpNww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312755007649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=图4, caption=酶添加量对酶解效果的影响, figureFileSmall=PmW9HpsVbTmFLsfGE3A75Q==, figureFileBig=3qEAvh0G7zMGXHgHObpNww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312830505122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effect of hydrolysis time on the enzymatic hydrolysis, figureFileSmall=PH9k0k1eJRyBPag0gXWxyg==, figureFileBig=NPFwBv7rsUjeDP5SWNRMow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312901808291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=图5, caption=酶解时间对酶解效果的影响, figureFileSmall=PH9k0k1eJRyBPag0gXWxyg==, figureFileBig=NPFwBv7rsUjeDP5SWNRMow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321170312989888676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Optimal hydrolysis conditions for different proteases

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
酶种类温度(℃)pH酶种类温度(℃)pH
中性蛋白酶507.5胃蛋白酶372.0
碱性蛋白酶508.5胰蛋白酶377.5
风味蛋白酶507.5木瓜蛋白酶507.0
复合蛋白酶507.0
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313082163365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同蛋白酶的最适酶解条件

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
酶种类温度(℃)pH酶种类温度(℃)pH
中性蛋白酶507.5胃蛋白酶372.0
碱性蛋白酶508.5胰蛋白酶377.5
风味蛋白酶507.5木瓜蛋白酶507.0
复合蛋白酶507.0
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313170243750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Design of orthogonal factor level

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平因素
A:血水比B:加酶量(U/g)C:酶解时间(h)
11:0.880003
21:1100004
31:1.2120005
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313249935527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

正交试验因素水平设计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平因素
A:血水比B:加酶量(U/g)C:酶解时间(h)
11:0.880003
21:1100004
31:1.2120005
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313325433000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results and analysis of orthogonal optimization test of pigeon blood enzymes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验号血水比酶添
加量
酶解
时间
ABTS+自由
基清除率(%)
酪氨酸酶
抑制率(%)
PR
(%)
DH
(%)
111180.9720.8223.2012.85
212285.9528.2620.3213.01
313385.1231.2418.1914.16
421285.3931.1919.6511.92
522386.2328.8720.0311.50
623179.1937.4420.469.38
731381.4640.2424.0310.48
832181.6641.6326.068.64
933283.8445.9323.557.72
K184.0182.6180.61因素主次顺序:C>B>A
K283.6084.6185.06
K382.3282.7284.27
k128.0027.5426.87
k227.8728.2028.35
k327.4427.5728.09
R0.560.661.48最优方案:A1B2C2
K1’26.7730.7533.30因素主次顺序:A>B>C
K2’32.5032.9235.13
K3’42.6038.2033.45
k1’8.9210.2511.10
k2’10.8310.9711.71
k3’14.2012.7311.15
R’5.281.760.61最优方案:A3B3C2
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313417707689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

鸽血酶解物正交优化试验结果及分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验号血水比酶添
加量
酶解
时间
ABTS+自由
基清除率(%)
酪氨酸酶
抑制率(%)
PR
(%)
DH
(%)
111180.9720.8223.2012.85
212285.9528.2620.3213.01
313385.1231.2418.1914.16
421285.3931.1919.6511.92
522386.2328.8720.0311.50
623179.1937.4420.469.38
731381.4640.2424.0310.48
832181.6641.6326.068.64
933283.8445.9323.557.72
K184.0182.6180.61因素主次顺序:C>B>A
K283.6084.6185.06
K382.3282.7284.27
k128.0027.5426.87
k227.8728.2028.35
k327.4427.5728.09
R0.560.661.48最优方案:A1B2C2
K1’26.7730.7533.30因素主次顺序:A>B>C
K2’32.5032.9235.13
K3’42.6038.2033.45
k1’8.9210.2511.10
k2’10.8310.9711.71
k3’14.2012.7311.15
R’5.281.760.61最优方案:A3B3C2
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313509982378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Molecular weight distribution of bioactive peptide derived frompigeon blood

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别分子量(Da)占比(%)
1>100002.76
25000~1000018.28
33000~500015.70
41000~300035.01
5<100028.27
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313585479851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

鸽血活性多肽的分子量分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别分子量(Da)占比(%)
1>100002.76
25000~1000018.28
33000~500015.70
41000~300035.01
5<100028.27
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313665171628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Composition and content of amino acids in the hydrolysis of polypeptide

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸种类含量(mg/g)占总氨基酸比例(%)
半胱氨酸(Cys)△3.43±0.290.62
甲硫氨酸(Met)*#△0.27±0.090.05
酪氨酸(Tyr)△13.65±0.292.49
苯丙氨酸(Phe)*#△31.93±0.845.82
赖氨酸(Lys)*#△56.19±1.6710.24
组氨酸(His)△28.67±0.985.23
脯氨酸(Pro)#△15.22±0.592.77
天冬氨酸(Asp)54.6±2.959.95
苏氨酸(Thr)*22.14±0.864.04
丝氨酸(Ser)28.12±1.25.13
谷氨酸(Glu)64.5±2.3511.76
甘氨酸(Gly)30.27±1.375.52
丙氨酸(Ala)#44.57±1.838.13
缬氨酸(Val)*35.51±1.146.47
异亮氨酸(Ile)*#23.97±0.74.37
亮氨酸(Leu)*#60.46±1.9711.02
精氨酸(Arg)26.75±0.84.88
抗氧化氨基酸149.3527.22
疏水性氨基酸211.9338.62
必需氨基酸230.4742.01
总氨基酸548.51±19.86100
), ArticleFig(id=1321170313744863405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

鸽血酶解多肽水解氨基酸组成及含量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
氨基酸种类含量(mg/g)占总氨基酸比例(%)
半胱氨酸(Cys)△3.43±0.290.62
甲硫氨酸(Met)*#△0.27±0.090.05
酪氨酸(Tyr)△13.65±0.292.49
苯丙氨酸(Phe)*#△31.93±0.845.82
赖氨酸(Lys)*#△56.19±1.6710.24
组氨酸(His)△28.67±0.985.23
脯氨酸(Pro)#△15.22±0.592.77
天冬氨酸(Asp)54.6±2.959.95
苏氨酸(Thr)*22.14±0.864.04
丝氨酸(Ser)28.12±1.25.13
谷氨酸(Glu)64.5±2.3511.76
甘氨酸(Gly)30.27±1.375.52
丙氨酸(Ala)#44.57±1.838.13
缬氨酸(Val)*35.51±1.146.47
异亮氨酸(Ile)*#23.97±0.74.37
亮氨酸(Leu)*#60.46±1.9711.02
精氨酸(Arg)26.75±0.84.88
抗氧化氨基酸149.3527.22
疏水性氨基酸211.9338.62
必需氨基酸230.4742.01
总氨基酸548.51±19.86100
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1260987317930967064, delFlag=0, nameCn=食品工业科技, nameEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-0306, eissn=null, cn=11-1759/TS, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1778572404609, updatedTime=1788949639446, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Agriculture, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Agriculture, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, picEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304512595617145106, language=CN, name=食品工业科技, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949639467, updatedTime=1788949639467, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304512595688448275, language=EN, name=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949639484, updatedTime=1788949639484, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1260987677001138203, websiteList=[Website(id=1260990269093196609, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1778573108218, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573937722, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=食品工业科技, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993882188333840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573969647, updateTime=1778573969647, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881970230029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573969595, updateTime=1778573969595, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882259637011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969664, updateTime=1778573969664, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881940869900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573969588, updateTime=1778573969588, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882284802837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969670, updateTime=1778573969670, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882175750927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1778573969644, updateTime=1778573969644, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882276414228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969668, updateTime=1778573969668, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882049921806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1778573969614, updateTime=1778573969614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882196722449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573969649, updateTime=1778573969649, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882234471186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573969658, updateTime=1778573969658, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1260990269265163062, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1778573108259, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573934408, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science and Technology of Food Industry, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993842489246463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573960182, updateTime=1778573960182, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842438914812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573960170, updateTime=1778573960170, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842510217986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960187, updateTime=1778573960187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842430526203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573960168, updateTime=1778573960168, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842531189508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960192, updateTime=1778573960192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842476663550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1778573960179, updateTime=1778573960179, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842522800899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960190, updateTime=1778573960190, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842447303421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1778573960172, updateTime=1778573960172, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842497635072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573960184, updateTime=1778573960184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842506023681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573960186, updateTime=1778573960186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=食品工业科技, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.spgykj.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalPhotoCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPhotoEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1769875200000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
酶解鸽血制备抗氧化及抗衰老活性肽的工艺优化及产物特性
收藏切换
PDF下载
张远红 1 , 方煜 1 , 李滢 1 , 陈伟波 2, 3 , 曾晓房 1, *
食品工业科技 | 工艺技术 2026,47(3): 254-262
收起
收藏切换
食品工业科技 |工艺技术 2026 , 47 (3) : 254 -262
酶解鸽血制备抗氧化及抗衰老活性肽的工艺优化及产物特性
全屏
[Author(id=1321170308283879539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zyh5801307075@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308363571317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308283879539, language=EN, stringName=Yuanhong ZHANG, firstName=Yuanhong, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308439068790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308283879539, language=CN, stringName=张远红, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio={"content":"

张远红(1989−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:蛋白质精深加工、食品营养与健康,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张远红(1989−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:蛋白质精深加工、食品营养与健康,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])]), Author(id=1321170308501983352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308619423866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308501983352, language=EN, stringName=Yu FANG, firstName=Yu, middleName=null, lastName=FANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308703309947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308501983352, language=CN, stringName=方煜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])]), Author(id=1321170308774613117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308862693503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308774613117, language=EN, stringName=Ying LI, firstName=Ying, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170308950773888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170308774613117, language=CN, stringName=李滢, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])]), Author(id=1321170309017882754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309114351749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309017882754, language=EN, stringName=Weibo CHEN, firstName=Weibo, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
3Meizhou Golden Green Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Meizhou 514500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309210820742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309017882754, language=CN, stringName=陈伟波, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=2宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院,宁夏银川 750021
3梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170308074164332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308082552941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308074164332, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308090941550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308074164332, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院,宁夏银川 750021)]), AuthorCompany(id=1321170308187410543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308195799152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308187410543, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Meizhou Golden Green Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Meizhou 514500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170308208382065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170308187410543, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500)])]), Author(id=1321170309298901128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xiaofang_zeng2015@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309382787210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309298901128, language=EN, stringName=Xiaofang ZENG, firstName=Xiaofang, middleName=null, lastName=ZENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170309445701771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, authorId=1321170309298901128, language=CN, stringName=曾晓房, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170307981889641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307990278250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170307998666859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1321170305226231900, companyId=1321170307981889641, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225)])])]
张远红1 , 方煜1, 李滢1, 陈伟波2, 3, 曾晓房1, *
作者信息
  • 1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225
  • 2宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院,宁夏银川 750021
  • 3梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500
通讯作者:
曾晓房(1979−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:肉品加工和质量控制,E-mail:。
作者简介:

张远红(1989−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:蛋白质精深加工、食品营养与健康,E-mail:

Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process and Characterization of Antioxidant and Anti-aging Peptides from Pigeon Blood
Yuanhong ZHANG1 , Yu FANG1, Ying LI1, Weibo CHEN2, 3, Xiaofang ZENG1, *
Affiliations
  • 1Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
  • 2School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
  • 3Meizhou Golden Green Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Meizhou 514500, China
出版时间: 2026-02-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108
文章导航
收藏切换

为了使肉鸽加工副产物鸽血得到高值化利用,本研究通过酶解鸽血蛋白制备抗氧化和抗衰老活性肽。首先采用一定的预处理手段使鸽血血红蛋白溶出,再通过不同的蛋白酶对鸽血蛋白进行酶解,以DPPH自由基清除率、ABTS+自由基清除率和酪氨酸酶抑制活性为主要筛选指标,采用单因素和正交试验优化鸽血活性多肽的酶解工艺。结果显示,100 W下超声5 min预处理的溶血效果最好,鸽血血红蛋白溶出量最高,为192.65 mg/mL;不同蛋白酶中胃蛋白酶酶解鸽血蛋白得到的产物DPPH、ABTS+自由基清除率及酪氨酸激酶抑制活性均较高,且产物蛋白质回收利用率(PR)较高;胃蛋白酶酶解的最佳工艺条件为:血水比1:1.2、酶添加量12000 U/g、酶解时间4 h、酶解温度37 ℃、pH 2.0。该工艺下得到的酶解产物酪氨酸酶抑制率最高,达到45.93%,ABTS清除率为83.84%。该酶解多肽主要由分子量小于5000 Da的肽段组成,占总酶解液的78.98%;其必需氨基酸、疏水性氨基酸和抗氧化氨基酸含量分别占总氨基酸的42.01%、38.62%和27.22%,表明得到的鸽血活性肽具有非常好的营养价值和抗氧化、抗衰老功效。本研究结果为鸽血活性肽的开发及肉鸽加工副产物的资源化再利用提供依据。

鸽血  /  酶解  /  抗氧化活性  /  抗衰老活性  /  工艺优化  /  分子量分布  /  氨基酸组成

In order to achieve a high-value utilization of pigeon blood, a by-product during the processing of meat pigeon, this study focused on the preparation of antioxidant and anti-aging peptides from pigeon blood through enzymatic hydrolysis. First, pretreatments of pigeon blood were adopted to help the hemoglobin in blood erythrocytes dissolve out. Then, different proteases were employed to enzymatically hydrolyze the hemoglobin in pigeon blood, and the DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity of the resultant hydrolysate, as well as the tyrosinase inhibitory activity were selected as screening indexes to optimize the enzymolysis conditions. The enzymatic hydrolysis process of active peptides in pigeon blood was optimized by using single-factor and orthogonal experiments. Result showed that ultrasonic treatment for 5 min at 100 W owned the highest dissolving hemoglobin content for 192.65 mg/mL, which indicating the best hemolysis effect. The DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of hydrolysate obtained from pepsin treatment were all basically higher than those from other proteases, and the protein recovery was also relative higher, revealing pepsin as the most effective protease for the enzymatic hydrolysis. The optimum conditions for the preparation of antioxidant and anti-aging peptides from pigeon blood established: blood-to-water ratio at 1:1.2, protease addition at 12000 U/g, hydrolysis time at 4 h, hydrolysis temperature at 37 ℃, and pH at 2.0. Under this process, the tyrosinase inhibition rate of the obtained pigeon blood hydrolysate reached the highest, at 45.93%, and the ABTS+ scavenging rate was 83.84%. The hydrolysate was mainly consisted of peptides with molecular weight smaller than 5000 Da, accounting for 78.98% of the total. And the essential amino acids, hydrophobic amino acids, and antioxidant amino acids accounted for 42.01%, 38.62%, and 27.22% of the total amino acids, respectively, which indicated excellent nutritional value and antioxidant and anti-aging effects of the hydrolysate obtained from pigeon blood. All these provided a fundamental basis for the development of bioactive peptides from pigeon blood and the reutilization of meat pigeon processing by-products.

pigeon blood  /  enzymolysis  /  antioxidant activity  /  anti-aging activity  /  process optimization  /  molecular weight distribution  /  amino acid composition
张远红, 方煜, 李滢, 陈伟波, 曾晓房. 酶解鸽血制备抗氧化及抗衰老活性肽的工艺优化及产物特性. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (3) : 254 -262 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108
Yuanhong ZHANG, Yu FANG, Ying LI, Weibo CHEN, Xiaofang ZENG. Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process and Characterization of Antioxidant and Anti-aging Peptides from Pigeon Blood[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (3) : 254 -262 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108
近年来,老龄化已成为全球面临的首要问题。2015年至2050年期间,全球60岁及以上人口数量预计将增加一倍以上,达到约21亿[1]。我国自2002年已进入“老龄化社会”,预计到2035年进入“超高龄社会”[2]。虽然目前人类预期寿命与以前相比明显延长,但多种与衰老相关的疾病如心脑血管疾病、神经退行性疾病、癌症等的高发,带来了一系列的健康、社会和医疗问题,如何延缓衰老已成为当今社会生命科学领域的重要课题。衰老是生物体在生命周期中普遍遵循的渐进性生理衰退过程,且该过程是不可逆转的,最终会导致组织或器官的退化[3]。体内自由基和衰老密切相关,是衰老形成的重要机制之一[4]。在机体健康的状态下,机体内自由基的产生和机体对自由基的清除处于动态平衡。然而,随着年龄的增长,组织器官功能发生异常,机体内自由基大量积累,过量的自由基会攻击机体组织细胞造成机体损伤,当机体损伤和积累超过了机体自身的修复能力,就会引起细胞分化状态改变甚至丧失,进而导致衰老[5]。抗氧化剂是一类能中和自由基的物质,衰老的进程可以通过抗氧化和抗衰老物质的干预有一定程度的延缓。因此,开发具有显著抗氧化和抗衰老活性的功能成分已经成为目前功能性食品和医药领域的研究热点。
肉鸽是中国特色、广东省优势家禽产业,已成为继鸡、鸭、鹅之后的第四大家禽。肉鸽营养丰富,具有高蛋白低脂肪的特点,是一种传统的滋补佳品,素有“一鸽胜九鸡”的美誉[6]。鸽血是肉鸽屠宰加工过程的主要副产物之一,约占肉鸽体重的6%~8%,是一种极大的蛋白质资源库。据《事林广记》中记载,鸽血可解诸药、百蛊毒[7]。而现代医学认为,鸽血具有强身健体、美容养颜、造血补血、滋补益气和祛风解毒等功效。然而,由于血液保存难、血腥味重、极易受污染、宗教限制等原因,屠宰后的鸽血绝大部分作为废弃物排放,造成大量的资源浪费和环境污染。因此,需要对鸽血进行合理的开发和利用,以提高鸽血的经济效益,避免环境污染和资源浪费[8]。近年来国内外对动物血液的研究主要集中在鸭血、鸡血、猪血、鹿血、驴血和驼血等。孙子怡等[9]研究发现猪血可作为微量元素补充剂的良好载体。胡鑫等[10]和郑炯等[11]分别从猪血中酶解制备得到ACE抑制肽和金属螯合肽。Yang等[12]和Zheng等[13]优化了从鸭血浆和血细胞中酶解制备抗氧化肽的工艺,得到具有良好DPPH自由基清除活性的肽段。郑召君等[14–15]从鸡血球中酶解制备得到具有较高抗氧化活性的酶解产物,其中胃蛋白酶和酸性蛋白酶酶解后的抗氧化活性最好。王爽等[16]和张艳等[17]采用不同的蛋白酶水解驴血蛋白,得到具有良好的DPPH自由基清除能力的抗氧化肽。黄和平等[18]研究发现鳄鱼血浆和血球蛋白酶解产物对ACE具有良好的抑制力,其最大抑制率可分别达到75.56%和86.42%。周雨等[19]确定了牦牛血抗氧化肽最佳制备工艺。吉日木图教授团队[20−22]对骆驼血液进行了大量的研究,开发了驼血降血压、降血脂和降糖活性多肽。施用晖教授团队[23–24]从马鹿茸血中制备得到了具有良好免疫活性及抗氧化、抗疲劳的活性肽段,为马鹿茸血的高附加值利用提供指导。Ding等[25]和付彩霞[26]研究发现鹿茸血和梅花鹿血具有良好的酪氨酸酶抑制活性和抗衰老活性。综上可知,畜禽动物血液可以作为良好的食物来源进行生物活性肽的开发。然而,目前对于鸽血功效的研究相对较少,尤其在以鸽血为原料开发具有特定生理活性的功能性肽方面更是罕见报道,仅有少量关于鸽血抗氧化活性肽的报道[27]。
基于此,本研究以鸽血为原料,拟通过蛋白酶水解制备具有抗氧化和抗衰老活性的多肽,测定蛋白回收率(Protein recovery,PR)和水解度(Degree of hydrolysis,DH),并以DPPH自由基清除率、ABTS+自由基清除率和酪氨酸酶抑制活性为主要筛选指标,采用单因素和正交试验优化鸽血活性肽的制备工艺,并测定最佳酶解工艺下制备的鸽血活性肽的肽分子量分布和氨基酸组成,以期为鸽血酶解产物功能活性的开发和肉鸽屠宰加工副产物的高值化利用提供理论依据。
鸽血 采自21日龄白羽王鸽,梅州金绿现代农业发展有限公司;微量游离血红蛋白(Free hemoglobin,FHb)试剂盒、ABTS([2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt;2,2’-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸二铵盐)、DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼)、OPA(1,2-phthalic dicarboxaldehyde,邻苯二甲醛)、木瓜蛋白酶(800 U/mg)、碱性蛋白酶(200 U/mg)、风味蛋白酶(20 U/mg)、复合蛋白酶(120 U/mg)、中性蛋白酶(100 U/mg)、胰蛋白酶(250 U/mg) 上海源叶生物科技有限公司;胃蛋白酶(1000 U/mg) Geniview公司;其余试剂均为分析纯。
SHZ-B水浴恒温振荡器 上海博迅实业有限公司;XO-SM100超声波微波协同反应工作站 南京先欧仪器制造有限公司;T10高速组织匀浆机 德国IKA公司;HR/T20M台式低温冷冻离心机 湖南赫西仪器装备有限公司;Synergy H1酶标仪、1260 Infinity III Prime高效液相色谱仪 安捷伦科技有限公司;UV-1780紫外分光光度计 岛津仪器(苏州)有限公司;L-8900全自动氨基酸分析仪 日立高新技术公司。
鸽血→加入柠檬酸钠(终浓度为0.4%)抗凝→预处理→蛋白酶酶解→灭酶→离心取上清液→冷冻干燥得到鸽血活性肽。
采用反复冻融、均质以及超声破碎三种方式对鸽血进行溶血预处理。
反复冻融:将新鲜鸽血装入离心管中放入−18 ℃冰箱中冷冻2 h使其凝固后取出,置于室温使其溶解,完成1次冻融。将新鲜鸽血分别冻融1、2、3次。
超声溶血:采用探头式超声,超声功率100 W,对新鲜鸽血分别处理1、3、5 min,同时进行冰浴防止样品温度升高。
均质溶血:使用高速组织匀浆机对新鲜鸽血分别均质1、3、5 min。
预处理后的鸽血在5000 r/min,4 ℃下离心20 min,取上清液适量稀释后,按照微量游离血红蛋白(FHb)试剂盒的方法测定血红蛋白含量。以未经预处理的鸽血在同样条件下离心作为对照,通过测定血红蛋白的溶出量来衡量溶血效果,以确定最佳的溶血预处理方式。
选择最佳的溶血方式预处理后,分别采用中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、复合蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶对鸽血进行酶解。选择各酶的最适酶解温度和pH,如表1所示,按照血水比1:2、加酶量10000 U/g、酶解时间3 h的酶解条件进行酶解,酶解结束后于沸水浴中加热15 min灭酶,迅速冷却至室温后调节酶解液的pH为7.0,于10000 r/min,4 ℃下离心15 min,取上清液即鸽血酶解物,分别测定蛋白质回收率(PR)、水解度(DH)、DPPH自由基清除率、ABTS+自由基清除率及酪氨酸酶抑制能力,以确定最佳酶解用酶。
血水比对鸽血酶解效果的影响:确定最佳酶解用酶后,在其最适温度和pH下,固定酶添加量10000 U/g、酶解时间3 h,研究不同血水比(1:0.5、1:1、1:1.5、1:2、1:2.5)对鸽血酶解物抗氧化及抗衰老活性的影响。
酶添加量对鸽血酶解效果的影响:固定血水比为1:1、酶解时间为3 h,蛋白酶最适温度和pH条件下,研究不同加酶量(4000、6000、8000、10000、12000 U/g)对鸽血酶解物抗氧化及抗衰老活性的影响。
酶解时间对鸽血酶解效果的影响:固定血水比为1:1、酶添加量为10000 U/g,蛋白酶最适温度和pH条件下,研究不同酶解时间(1、2、3、4、5 h)对鸽血酶解物抗氧化及抗衰老活性的影响。
采用正交试验研究不同水解条件对鸽血酶解物PR、DH、ABTS+自由基清除活性及酪氨酸激酶抑制能力的影响。以血水比(A)、加酶量(B)、酶解时间(C)为自变量,设计L9(34)正交试验,试验设计见表2。
使用双缩脲法测定上清液中蛋白质的浓度。PR的计算公式为:
$ \mathrm{P}\mathrm{R}\left({\text{%}}\right)=\left(\frac{{\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{s}}{\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{s}}}{{\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{t}}{\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{t}}}\right)\times 100 $
式中:Cs、Ct分别为上清液和初始酶解液中的蛋白质浓度,mg/mL;Vs、Vt分别为上清液和初始酶解液的体积,mL。
水解度的测定参考Nielsen等[28]的方法略作修改:向3 mL OPA试剂中加入400 μL适当稀释的上清液,混合均匀后精确反应2 min,于340 nm处测定吸光值,记为ODsample。标准样品和空白的测定分别用0.9516 mmol/L的丝氨酸(Serine)和去离子水代替,读数分别记为ODstandard和ODblank。DH计算公式如下:
$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{ }\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}=\frac{{\mathrm{O}\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{m}\mathrm{p}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{e}}-{\mathrm{O}\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{b}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{k}}}{{\mathrm{O}\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{d}}-{\mathrm{O}\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{b}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{k}}}\times 0.9516\times \frac{1}{\mathrm{c}} $
$ \mathrm{h}=\frac{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}{\mathrm{N}\mathrm{H}}_{2}-\beta }{\alpha } $
$ \mathrm{D}\mathrm{H}\left({\text{%}}\right)=\frac{\mathrm{h}}{{\mathrm{h}}_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{t}}}\times 100 $
式中:c为上清液的蛋白浓度,mg/mL;h为断裂肽键数;htot为蛋白总肽键数;本实验中htot、α和β分别为7.6、1.0和0.4。
DPPH自由基清除能力的测定根据Brand-Williams等[29]的方法进行适当修改。取2 mL用去离子水稀释到1 mg/mL的鸽血酶解物与等体积的0.2 mmol/L的DPPH-无水乙醇溶液混合均匀。空白组以相同体积的去离子水代替样品与DPPH-无水乙醇溶液混合;对照组则以无水乙醇代替DPPH溶液与样品混合。每组使用涡旋仪剧烈振荡混匀后,室温下避光静置30 min,于517 nm处测定吸光值。DPPH自由基清除活性的计算公式为:
$ \mathrm{D}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{自}\mathrm{由}\mathrm{基}\mathrm{清}\mathrm{除}\mathrm{活}\mathrm{性}\left({\text{%}}\right)=\left(1-\frac{{\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{i}}-{\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{j}}}{{\mathrm{A}}_{0}}\right)\times 100 $
式中:Ai、Aj和A0分别为样品、对照和空白组在517 nm处的吸光值。
ABTS+自由基清除能力的测定参考Xiao等[30]测定方法稍作修改:将7 mmol/L的ABTS水溶液与2.45 mmol/L的过硫酸钾溶液等体积充分混合,于室温避光条件下静置过夜。使用前用去离子水稀释30~50倍ABTS储备液,调节其在734 nm处的吸光度达到0.70±0.02作为ABTS工作液备用。取0.75 mL用去离子水稀释到2 mg/mL的鸽血酶解物与3 mL ABTS工作液充分混匀,室温避光条件下反应6 min,以去离子水调零,于734 nm处测定其吸光度,记为Ai;以水代替样液,测空白对照吸光度A0。ABTS+自由基清除率计算公式为:
$ \mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{S}^+\mathrm{自}\mathrm{由}\mathrm{基}\mathrm{清}\mathrm{除}\mathrm{率}\left({\text{%}}\right)=\frac{{\mathrm{A}}_{0}-{\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{i}}}{{\mathrm{A}}_{0}}\times 100 $
酪氨酸酶(tryosinase)的抑制能力根据Ding等[25]的测定方法稍作修改:将100 μL稀释到2 mg/mL的鸽血酶解物与等体积的125 U/mL酪氨酸酶(0.05 mol/L PBS,pH6.8溶解),25 ℃下孵育5 min后加入等体积的10 mmol/L左旋多巴胺(L-Dopamine,用0.05 mol/L PBS,pH6.8溶解),在25 ℃下将所得反应混合物再孵育5 min。通过检测475 nm处的吸光度来测定反应混合物中多巴色素的含量。以维生素C为阳性对照。酪氨酸酶抑制活性计算公式如下:
$ \mathrm{酪}\mathrm{氨}\mathrm{酸}\mathrm{酶}\mathrm{抑}\mathrm{制}\mathrm{活}\mathrm{性}\left({\text{%}}\right)=\frac{\left(\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{B}\right)-(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{D})}{\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{B}}\times 100 $
式中:A为不含样品的酪氨酸酶混合物;B为不含样品和酪氨酸酶的混合物;C为样品和酪氨酸酶的混合物;D为含样品但不含酪氨酸酶的混合物。
将优化后得到的最佳制备工艺下的酶解上清液进行冷冻干燥,得到鸽血活性肽粉。采用高效液相色谱法测定鸽血酶解多肽的分子量分布,参考张喆等[31]的测定方法并略作修改。取适量的鸽血活性肽粉末用超纯水溶解并配制成2 mg/mL的溶液,通过0.22 μm滤膜过滤。将标准品溶液过0.22 μm滤膜后上样,根据标准品洗脱时间计算分子量分布比例。色谱柱为安捷伦polargel-OH色谱柱,流动相为0.02 mol/L pH7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液,流速为1 mL/min,紫外检测波长为220 nm,进样量为100 μL,检测温度为40 ℃,柱温40 ℃,对鸽血活性肽的分子量分布组成进行测定。
称取约10 mg的鸽血活性肽粉末,加入10 mL的6 mol/L HCl,充氮气后密封,在110 ℃条件下水解24 h。准确吸取1.0 mL进行氮吹干后,用1 mL 0.02 mol/L HCl溶液复溶,振荡混匀后过0.22 μm滤膜,样品的氨基酸组成和含量用自动氨基酸分析仪进行测定,氨基酸组成含量用mg/g protein表示。氨基酸自动分析仪条件:色谱柱型号:ADVANCEBIO AAA;柱温:40 ℃,检测波长:338 nm;流动相:标准生理性液体分析洗脱液(PF-1、PF-2、PF-4和PF-RG);流速:1 mL/min;反应液:茚三酮染色液;进样量:20 μL。另外,因色氨酸在样品高温酸解前处理过程中会发生分解,如果需要检测色氨酸,需要单独进行高温的碱水解前处理,再单独进行上机检测,且通常样品中的色氨酸含量较少,因此,本研究未对色氨酸进行检测。
所有数据均至少测定三次,并以平均值±标准偏差表示。采用Excel和Origin2022对数据进行处理及绘图,采用IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0软件对试验数据进行方差分析及Duncan’s多重比较,显著水平P<0.05。
红细胞破裂(即溶血)可促进细胞内血红蛋白的溶出,提高酶解效果[32]。本研究采用超声、均质和反复冻融三种方式对鸽血细胞进行溶血处理,结果如图1所示。从图中可以看出,未进行溶血处理的鸽血样品(Blank)中游离血红蛋白含量仅为0.28±0.01 mg/mL,而经过溶血处理后的样品血红蛋白溶出量都有明显增加。其中超声和均质溶血的样品游离血红蛋白溶出量都随着处理时间的增加而增加,超声5 min的样品游离血红蛋白溶出量最高,达到192.65±14.29 mg/mL,且样品呈现完全溶血的状态;而均质处理的样品游离血红蛋白溶出量显著低于超声处理组(P<0.05);反复冻融对游离血红蛋白的溶出也有较好效果,在1次冻融后血红蛋白的溶出量达到较高值,略低于超声5 min的样品,但随着冻融次数的增加血红蛋白溶出量变化不显著(P>0.05)。因此,本研究选择超声功率100 W,超声时间5 min作为最佳的血细胞溶血方式。
由于不同蛋白酶的特异性酶切位点不同,酶解程度有所差异,导致酶解产物分子量和氨基酸组成不同,进而影响酶解产物的生理功能。蛋白回收率(PR)可反映不同蛋白酶酶解后鸽血蛋白的回收利用程度。由图2可知,7种蛋白酶中木瓜蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶和复合蛋白酶酶解后的蛋白质回收率相对较高,分别为34.03%、29.63%和28.77%;而胰蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶的蛋白质回收率较低,仅有10.56%和11.28%。水解度(DH)方面,风味蛋白酶酶解后的产物DH最高,达到29.63%,木瓜蛋白酶次之,胃蛋白酶的水解度最低,仅3.50%,这与风味蛋白酶为内切酶和外切酶的复合酶有关,不仅可以从肽链内部切割氨基酸之间的肽键,生成更小的肽段和游离氨基酸,还可以从肽链的N-末端或C-末端切割单个氨基酸,释放特定的游离氨基酸,因此,得到的酶解液水解程度较高;而胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶都是限制性内切酶,得到的酶解产物水解度较低。
在抗氧化活性方面,胃蛋白酶酶解后的产物DPPH自由基清除能力最高,其次是中性蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶,风味蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和复合蛋白酶最低;ABTS+自由基清除能力则风味蛋白酶最高,其次是中性蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、复合蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶。抗衰老活性主要以酪氨酸酶抑制能力进行评价,7种蛋白酶水解后的产物酪氨酸酶抑制率在0.97%~36.25%之间,其中胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的酶解产物酪氨酸酶抑制率显著高于其他酶(P<0.05)。总体来看,胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶酶解产物的酪氨酸酶抑制能力、DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除能力均较高。这一定程度上与胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶酶解后形成的肽段的氨基酸组成和序列有关。胃蛋白酶能特异性地酶切苯丙氨酸(Phe)、色氨酸(Trp)、酪氨酸(Tyr)等疏水性氨基酸,形成较多的疏水性氨基酸残基[33];而胰蛋白酶可以特异性地识别精氨酸(Arg)和赖氨酸(Lys)。研究表明,疏水性氨基酸对抗氧化活性具有较大的贡献,Tyr、Phe、Trp和Lys被认为是抗氧化氨基酸,而抗氧化物质可以作为底物与L-酪氨酸竞争氧原子或自由基,从而抑制酪氨酸酶的活性[34–35]。Arg可以刺激人体生长激素的释放,能改善与衰老相关的多种疾病,还与细胞增殖等生理功能相关。因此,虽然胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶酶解后得到的产物水解度较低,但它们的酪氨酸酶抑制能力和抗氧化能力总体上较其它酶高。胡鑫等[10]研究也发现胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶水解猪血红蛋白的ACE抑制活性最佳。考虑到胰蛋白酶酶解后的蛋白回收率显著低于胃蛋白酶(P<0.05),本研究综合选择胃蛋白酶作为后续实验的最佳蛋白酶。
血水比对鸽血酶解效果的影响如图3所示。由图可知,随着血水比增加,蛋白回收率PR呈现先增加后下降的趋势,且差异显著(P<0.05),血水比为1:2时,蛋白回收率达到最高值38.84%。而DH、ABTS+自由基清除能力和酪氨酸激酶抑制率则呈现先下降后上升的趋势,当血水比为1:0.5时,酶解产物的DH、ABTS+自由基清除能力和酪氨酸酶抑制率最高,分别为10.31%、77.23%、37.96%。水作为酶解过程中的反应介质和运输载体,能保证底物与蛋白酶充分接触。随着血水比的增加,底物浓度逐渐降低,底物与酶接触越充分,水解越彻底,因此,蛋白回收率逐渐增加,但过低的底物浓度可能会增加酶的自溶性,导致酶解产物过稀,甚至会使具有较高活性的肽段降解为更小的肽段或氨基酸[36],从而降低产物的抗氧化和抗衰老活性,不利于活性肽的制备和收集。PR在一定程度能反映酶解后蛋白的回收利用率,血水比为1:0.5时,PR较低,仅6.33%。因此综合考虑PR、ABTS+自由基清除能力和酪氨酸酶抑制率,选择血水比较为适中的1:1作为最佳血水比。
酶添加量对鸽血酶解效果的影响如图4所示。由图可知,随着酶添加量的增加,鸽血酶解物的PR逐渐增加;DH、ABTS+自由基清除率和酪氨酸酶抑制率则先缓慢增加后趋于稳定。这是因为当酶添加量较低时,酶不足以和底物充分接触,酶解不充分;随着加酶量的增加,酶和底物接触更充分,更多的大分子底物蛋白质被酶解成更小分子肽段或氨基酸,PR、DH及产物活性增加。当加酶量增加到一定程度时,底物基本被水解完全,这时继续添加酶对酶解程度及产物活性影响不大。本实验中当酶添加量达到10000 U/g时,产物的ABTS+自由基清除活性和酪氨酸酶抑制活性均基本稳定,达到67.80%和22.40%,继续增加酶添加量对产物活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。因此,选择酶添加量10000 U/g为最佳加酶量进行后续实验。
酶解时间对鸽血酶解效果的影响如图5所示。随着酶解时间的延长,PR和DH呈先增加后降低的趋势,这主要是由于水解时间的增加导致更多的大分子蛋白被水解为多肽,PR和DH增加;而当酶解时间进一步延长时,PR和DH反而出现下降,这可能与胃蛋白酶的酶切方式有关。胃蛋白酶能特异性酶切Phe、Try和Tyr残基连接的肽段,导致更多的疏水性氨基酸残基暴露[33],热灭酶时这些疏水性氨基酸残基之间可能会发生疏水聚集,形成不溶性的聚集物,从而降低可溶性蛋白或多肽的含量,导致PR和DH下降。酶解产物的ABTS+自由基清除能力和酪氨酸酶抑制率随着酶解时间的延长呈现先下降后上升的趋势,这可能与酶解后产生的肽段长短及其氨基酸组成和序列有关,有可能是酶解1 h时已得到活性较高的肽段,但随着酶解时间的延长,活性肽段被降解导致活性降低;当酶解至4 h时,形成的更小分子量的肽段又具有较高的ABTS+自由基清除能力和酪氨酸酶抑制率,其中ABTS+自由基清除能力在4 h时达到最高,为69.60%;而酪氨酸酶抑制率在5 h时达到最高,为30.69%。考虑酶解时间成本,选择ABTS+自由基清除能力最高,蛋白回收率、酪氨酸酶抑制率适中的酶解时间4 h作为最佳酶解时间。
在单因素实验的基础上,进一步采用正交试验优化胃蛋白酶酶解鸽血制备抗氧化和抗衰老活性肽的工艺条件。以酶解产物的ABTS+自由基清除能力和酪氨酸酶抑制率作为主要考察指标,设计了L9(34)正交试验,同时监测了不同实验组得到的酶解物的RP和DH,结果见表3。根据表3进行极差分析,R值说明了不同的酶解条件对ABTS+自由基清除率有着较为显著的影响,其因素主次顺序为C>B>A,即对鸽血酶解物ABTS+自由基清除活性影响最大的是酶解时间,其次是酶添加量,最后是血水比,最优方案为A1B2C2,即血水比1:0.8、加酶量10000 U/g、酶解时间为4 h,该条件下得到的酶解物ABTS+自由基清除率最高,为85.95%,此时酶解物的酪氨酸酶抑制率为28.26%;同时,由R’可知,在酪氨酸酶抑制率的影响因素中,血水比的影响最大,其次是酶添加量,酶解时间的影响最小,即A>B>C,影响酪氨酸酶抑制率的最优方案为A3B3C2,即血水比1:1.2、酶添加量为12000 U/g、酶解时间为4 h,该条件下得到的酶解物的酪氨酸酶抑制率达到最大值,为45.93%,此时酶解物的ABTS+自由基清除率也较高,为83.84%。对比两组最优方案,可以发现,A3B3C2组合下得到的酶解物的酪氨酸酶抑制率显著高于A1B2C2(P<0.05),而它们的ABTS+自由基清除率差异较小,不显著(P>0.05)。因此综合考虑,选择A3B3C2作为鸽血抗氧化和抗衰老活性肽的最佳酶解工艺,即血水比为1:1.2、酶添加量为12000 U/g、酶解时间为4 h,该条件下得到的酶解物的PR也达到较高值,为23.55%。
进一步对最佳酶解工艺下得到的鸽血活性肽进行分子量分布测定,结果见表4。由表可知,最佳酶解条件下得到的鸽血活性肽中分子量在1000~3000 Da的肽段占比最高,达到35.01%,其次是分子量小于1000 Da的肽段,占比最少的是分子量大于10000 Da的组分,仅为2.76%,说明该酶解条件下的胃蛋白酶表现出较优的酶解效果,大分子蛋白质基本都被酶解,且该条件下水解度较低,为7.72%,避免了过度酶解,生成的游离氨基酸较少,大多数为具备潜在生理活性的小分子短肽,该结果与力俊琛[27]的研究结果一致。综上,该活性肽主要由分子量小于5000 Da的肽段组成,占总酶解液的78.98%。较小分子量的肽段往往表现出更强的生理活性和更优的消化吸收动力学[37]。
鸽血活性肽的氨基酸组成如表5所示。由表可知,鸽血活性肽中氨基酸(amino acid,AA)种类齐全,除色氨酸(Trp)未检测外,其余人体所需AA均被检出,且必需氨基酸(essential AA,EAA)占总氨基酸的比例较高,为42.01%,高于联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)的建议值(40%)[38],被认为具有较高的营养价值。此外,鸽血酶解多肽中谷氨酸(Glu)含量最高,占总氨基酸的11.76%,其次是亮氨酸(Leu)和赖氨酸(Lys),分别占总氨基酸的11.02%和10.24%。研究表明,Glu不仅参与红细胞的生成,还能抵抗记忆力衰退和改善脑细胞活性等[39]。Lys是人体第一限制性氨基酸,在谷类食物中含量很低,人体缺乏会引起蛋白质代谢障碍和机能障碍,对蛋白质的质量起着决定性的作用[40],而本研究制备得到的鸽血活性肽具有较高含量的Lys,营养价值较高。Leu及缬氨酸(Val)及异亮氨酸(Ile)等支链氨基酸能有效改善机体的身体机能和认知功能,被广泛认为具有抗氧化和延缓衰老的功效[41]。甘氨酸(Gly)是内源性抗氧化谷胱甘肽的重要组成氨基酸;精氨酸(Arg)可以刺激人体生长激素的释放,能改善与衰老相关的多种疾病,还与细胞增殖等生理功能相关[42];此外,苯丙氨酸(Phe)、Lys、丙氨酸(Ala)等疏水性氨基酸也被广泛认为具有较强的抗氧化功效[33–34]。从表5可知,鸽血活性肽中抗氧化氨基酸占比27.22%,疏水性氨基酸占比38.62%。因此,从氨基酸组成和含量上看,本研究制备的鸽血活性肽可具备较高的抗氧化和抗衰老功能,这也在前文中对最优制备工艺下得到的鸽血酶解物的ABTS+自由基清除活性及酪氨酸酶抑制活性的测定结果得到了证实。
通过以上实验发现超声功率100 W、5 min预处理对鸽血溶血效果最好,释放出的游离血红蛋白含量最高。在此基础上选择7种蛋白酶对鸽血蛋白进行酶解,其中胃蛋白酶酶解后得到的酶解产物DPPH、ABTS+自由基清除能力和酪氨酸激酶抑制能力均较高。进一步以该酶作为酶解用酶,利用单因素和正交试验对其酶解工艺进行优化,优化后的酶解条件为:血水比1:1.2、加酶量12000 U/g、酶解时间4 h、酶解温度37 ℃、pH2.0。在该条件下得到的鸽血活性肽的酪氨酸激酶抑制率为45.93%,ABTS+自由基清除率为83.84%,主要由分子量小于5000 Da的肽段组成,占比78.98%;且该酶解多肽富含必需氨基酸,占总氨基酸的42.01%;疏水性氨基酸和抗氧化氨基酸占比分别为38.62%和27.22%。以上结果表明,最佳工艺下得到的鸽血活性肽具有非常好的营养价值和抗氧化、抗衰老活性。本研究可为利用鸽血制备抗氧化和抗衰老活性肽提供一定的理论依据,推动肉鸽加工副产物的高值化利用。但本研究所采用的活性测定均为体外通过与相关酶反应进行的,后续可进一步通过动物实验验证其体内消化吸收后是否仍具有活性。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
WYSS-CORAY T. Ageing, neurodegeneration and brain rejuvenation[J]. Nature, 2016, 539(7628): 180−186.
2
马作霖. 乳清粉调节D-半乳糖诱导衰老小鼠肠道菌群结构及抗衰老作用研究[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2021. [MA Zuolin. Study on the regulation of gut microbiota structure and anti-aging effect of whey powder in D-galactose-induced aging mice[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2021.]
MA Zuolin. Study on the regulation of gut microbiota structure and anti-aging effect of whey powder in D-galactose-induced aging mice[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2021.
3
袁洁, 蔡时青. 衰老过程中行为和认知功能退化的调控机制研究[J]. 遗传, 2021, 43(6): 545−570. [YUAN Jie, CAI Shiqing. Research on the regulatory mechanism of behavioral and cognitive function degradation during aging process[J]. Inheritance, 2021, 43(6): 545−570.]
YUAN Jie, CAI Shiqing. Research on the regulatory mechanism of behavioral and cognitive function degradation during aging process[J]. Inheritance, 2021, 43(6): 545−570.
4
HARMAN D. Aging: A theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry[J]. Journal of Gerontology, 1956, 11(3): 298−300.
5
ZHENG L, LIU M, ZHAI G, et al. Antioxidant and anti-ageing activities of mycelia zinc polysaccharide from Pholiota Nameko SW-03[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2014, 95(15): 3117−3126.
6
刘国乾, 陈益填, 刘思伽, 等. 肉鸽起源及品种发展历程[J]. 养禽与禽病防治, 2020(4): 12−15. [LIU Guoqian, CHEN Yitian, LIU Sijia, et al. Origin and development history of meat pigeons[J]. Poultry Farming and Poultry Disease Prevention and Control, 2020(4): 12−15.]
LIU Guoqian, CHEN Yitian, LIU Sijia, et al. Origin and development history of meat pigeons[J]. Poultry Farming and Poultry Disease Prevention and Control, 2020(4): 12−15.
7
陈元靓, 等. 事林广记[M]. 南京: 江苏人民出版社, 2011. [CHEN Yuanliang, et al. Shi Lin Guangji[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 2011.]
CHEN Yuanliang, et al. Shi Lin Guangji[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 2011.
8
王丽媛, 高艳蕾, 张丽, 等. 畜禽副产物的加工利用现状及研究展望[J]. 食品科技, 2022, 47(6): 174−183. [WANG Liyuan, GAO Yanlei, ZHANG Li, et al. The current status and research prospects of processing and utilization of livestock and poultry by-products[J]. Food Technology, 2022, 47(6): 174−183.]
WANG Liyuan, GAO Yanlei, ZHANG Li, et al. The current status and research prospects of processing and utilization of livestock and poultry by-products[J]. Food Technology, 2022, 47(6): 174−183.
9
孙子怡, 杨剑婷, 谢宁宁, 等. 猪血球蛋白营养分析与水解工艺优化及制备金属螯合肽的研究[J]. 食品与机械, 2020, 36(11): 177−182. [SUN Ziyi, YANG Jianting, XIE Ningning, et al. Study on nutritional analysis and hydrolysis process optimization of pig blood cell protein and preparation of metal chelated peptides[J]. Food and Machinery, 2020, 36(11): 177−182.]
SUN Ziyi, YANG Jianting, XIE Ningning, et al. Study on nutritional analysis and hydrolysis process optimization of pig blood cell protein and preparation of metal chelated peptides[J]. Food and Machinery, 2020, 36(11): 177−182.
10
胡鑫, 罗永康, 于雪初. 胃蛋白酶水解猪血红蛋白制备ACE抑制肽条件的优化[J]. 食品科技, 2009, 34(11): 127−130. [HU Xin, LUO Yongkang, YU Xuechu. Optimization of the conditions for preparing ACE inhibitory peptide by hydrolyzing porcine hemoglobin with pepsin[J]. Food Technology, 2009, 34(11): 127−130.]
HU Xin, LUO Yongkang, YU Xuechu. Optimization of the conditions for preparing ACE inhibitory peptide by hydrolyzing porcine hemoglobin with pepsin[J]. Food Technology, 2009, 34(11): 127−130.
11
郑炯, 汪学荣, 阚建全. 血红蛋白多肽螯台铁的抗贫血功能研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2009, 30(10): 312−313. [ZHENG Jiong, WANG Xuerong, HAN Jianquan. Study on the anti-anemia function of hemoglobin polypeptide chelated iron[J]. Food Industry Technology, 2009, 30(10): 312−313.]
ZHENG Jiong, WANG Xuerong, HAN Jianquan. Study on the anti-anemia function of hemoglobin polypeptide chelated iron[J]. Food Industry Technology, 2009, 30(10): 312−313.
12
YANG J, HUANG J, ZHU Z, et al. Investigation of optimal conditions for production of antioxidant peptides from duck blood plasma: Response surface methodology[J]. Poult Science, 2020, 99(12): 7159−7168.
13
ZHENG Z, WEI X, SHANG T, et al. Bioconversion of duck blood cell: Process optimization of hydrolytic conditions and peptide hydrolysate characterization[J]. BMC Biotechnology, 2018, 18(1): 67.
14
郑召君. 家禽血球酶解工艺及抗氧化肽分离鉴定和特性研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2017. [ZHENG Zhaojun. Enzymatic hydrolysis process of poultry blood cells and study on the isolation, identification and characteristics of antioxidant peptides[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017.]
ZHENG Zhaojun. Enzymatic hydrolysis process of poultry blood cells and study on the isolation, identification and characteristics of antioxidant peptides[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017.
15
郑召君, 张日俊. 酶解鸡血球制备抗氧化肽的工艺优化和分析鉴定[J]. 食品科学, 2018, 39(22): 71−79. [ZHENG Zhaojun, ZHANG Rijun. Process optimization and analysis and identification for preparing antioxidant peptides from enzyme-hydrolyzed chicken blood spheres[J]. Food Science, 2018, 39(22): 71−79.]
ZHENG Zhaojun, ZHANG Rijun. Process optimization and analysis and identification for preparing antioxidant peptides from enzyme-hydrolyzed chicken blood spheres[J]. Food Science, 2018, 39(22): 71−79.
16
王爽, 刘雪松, 江波涛. 驴血蛋白酶解制备抗氧化肽工艺优化[J]. 生物学杂志, 2023, 40(2): 109−114. [WANG Shuang, LIU Xuesong, JIANG Botao. Optimization of the preparation process of antioxidant peptides by donkey blood protease hydrolysis[J]. Journal of Biology, 2023, 40(2): 109−114.]
WANG Shuang, LIU Xuesong, JIANG Botao. Optimization of the preparation process of antioxidant peptides by donkey blood protease hydrolysis[J]. Journal of Biology, 2023, 40(2): 109−114.
17
张艳, 江波涛, 李莉, 等. 驴血血红蛋白肽的制备工艺研究[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2023, 66(17): 134−138. [ZHANG Yan, JIANG Botao, LI Li, et al. Research on the preparation process of donkey blood hemoglobin peptides[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 66(17): 134−138.]
ZHANG Yan, JIANG Botao, LI Li, et al. Research on the preparation process of donkey blood hemoglobin peptides[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 66(17): 134−138.
18
黄和平, 陈孙福, 罗永康. 鳄鱼血蛋白酶解产物抗氧化特性和血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性研究[J]. 渔业现代化, 2014, 41(5): 44−48. [HUANG Heping, CHEN Sunfu, LUO Yongkang. Study on the antioxidant properties and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of crocodile blood protease hydrolysates[J]. Fishery Modernization, 2014, 41(5): 44−48.]
HUANG Heping, CHEN Sunfu, LUO Yongkang. Study on the antioxidant properties and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of crocodile blood protease hydrolysates[J]. Fishery Modernization, 2014, 41(5): 44−48.
19
周雨, 施丽芬, 朱捷, 等. 牦牛血抗氧化肽发酵制备工艺优化及结构分析研究[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2023, 14(6): 270−278. [ZHOU Yu, SHI Lifen, ZHU Jie, et al. Optimization of fermentation process and structural analysis of yak blood antioxidant peptides[J]. Journal of Food Safety and Quality Testing, 2023, 14(6): 270−278.]
ZHOU Yu, SHI Lifen, ZHU Jie, et al. Optimization of fermentation process and structural analysis of yak blood antioxidant peptides[J]. Journal of Food Safety and Quality Testing, 2023, 14(6): 270−278.
20
刘丽君. 驼血抗氧化与降糖活性肽的制备与鉴定[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2019. [LIU Lijun. Preparation and identification of antioxidant and hypoglycemic active peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.]
LIU Lijun. Preparation and identification of antioxidant and hypoglycemic active peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.
21
马志鹰. 驼血中降血压降血脂多肽的制备及鉴定[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2019. [MA Zhiying. Preparation and identification of polypeptides for lowering blood pressure and blood lipid in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.]
MA Zhiying. Preparation and identification of polypeptides for lowering blood pressure and blood lipid in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.
22
孙茹欣. 驼血降血脂生物活性肽的制备与鉴定[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2021. [SUN Ruxin. Preparation and identification of lipid-lowering bioactive peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2021.]
SUN Ruxin. Preparation and identification of lipid-lowering bioactive peptides in camel blood[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2021.
23
姜红. 马鹿茸血酶解肽免疫活性及抗氧化活性的研究[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2008. [JIANG Hong. Study on theimmune activity and antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydropeptides in horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008.]
JIANG Hong. Study on theimmune activity and antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydropeptides in horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008.
24
尹晓平. 马鹿茸血酶解制备抗疲劳活性肽的研究[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2008. [YIN Xiaoping. Research on the preparation of anti-tatigue active peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis of horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008.]
YIN Xiaoping. Research on the preparation of anti-tatigue active peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis of horse deer antler blood[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2008.
25
DING C, HAO M, MA S, et al. Identification of peptides with antioxidant, anti-lipoxygenase, anti-xanthine oxidase and anti-tyrosinase activities from velvet antler blood[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 2022, 168: 113889.
26
付彩霞. 梅花鹿血的蛋白酶水解及水解产物的抗衰老功能研究[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2009. [FU Caixia. Study on the protease hydrolysis of sika deer blood and the anti-aging function of its hydrolysis products[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2009.]
FU Caixia. Study on the protease hydrolysis of sika deer blood and the anti-aging function of its hydrolysis products[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2009.
27
力俊琛. 鸽血抗氧化肽的分离、结构鉴定及体外抗氧化活性评价[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2022. [LI Junchen. Isolation, structural identification, and in vitro antioxidant activity evaluation of pigeon blood antioxidant peptides[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2022.]
LI Junchen. Isolation, structural identification, and in vitro antioxidant activity evaluation of pigeon blood antioxidant peptides[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2022.
28
NIELSEN P M, PETERSEN D, DAMBMANN C. Improved method for determining food protein degree of hydrolysis[J]. Journal of Food Science, 2001, 66(5): 642−646.
29
BRAND-WILLIAMS W, CUVELIER M E, BERSET C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 1995, 28(1): 25−30.
30
XIAO Chuqiao, TOLDRÁ F, ZHAO Mouming, et al. In vitro and in silico analysis of potential antioxidant peptides obtained from chicken hydrolysate produced using alcalase[J]. Molecular Brain Research, 1998, 58(52): 195−208.
31
张喆, 马凌云, 尚凡凡, 等. 酶解鱿鱼皮制备ACE抑制肽的工艺优化及产物特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2025, 46(17): 252−259. [ZHANG Zhe, MA Lingyun, SHANG Fanfan, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of squid skin to prepare ACE inhibiting peptides and study on product characteristics[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(17): 252−259.]
ZHANG Zhe, MA Lingyun, SHANG Fanfan, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of squid skin to prepare ACE inhibiting peptides and study on product characteristics[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(17): 252−259.
32
PIRES I S, BERTHIAUME F O, PALMER A F. Engineering therapeutics to detoxify hemoglobin, heme, and iron[J]. Annual Review of Biomedical Eengineering, 2023, 25(2): 1−21.
33
ZHENG L, REN J, SU G, et al. Comparison of in vitro digestion characteristics and antioxidant activity of hot- and cold-pressed peanut meals[J]. Food Chemistry, 2013, 141(4): 4246−4252.
34
ADDAR L, BENSOUICI C, SI AHMED Z S, et al. Antioxidant, tyrosinase and urease inhibitory activities of camel α-casein and its hydrolysate fractions[J]. Small Ruminant Research, 2019, 173(74): 30−35.
35
宋玉琼, 胡晓, 李来好, 等. 食物蛋白源酪氨酸酶抑制肽的研究进展[J]. 陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 51(3): 16−28. [SONG Yuqiong, HU Xiao, LI Laihao, et al. Research progress of food protein-derived tyrosinase inhibitory peptides[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 51(3): 16−28.]
SONG Yuqiong, HU Xiao, LI Laihao, et al. Research progress of food protein-derived tyrosinase inhibitory peptides[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 51(3): 16−28.
36
祝超智, 温耀涵, 许龙, 等. 牛血红蛋白肽的酶解工艺优化及其亚铁螯合物结构、稳定性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2024, 45(8): 75−87. [ZHU Chaozhi, WEN Yaohan, XU Long, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis process of bovine hemoglobin peptide and study on the structure and stability of its ferrous chelate[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(8): 75−87.]
ZHU Chaozhi, WEN Yaohan, XU Long, et al. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis process of bovine hemoglobin peptide and study on the structure and stability of its ferrous chelate[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(8): 75−87.
37
HU X, WANG Y, ZHAO Y, et al. Antioxidant peptides from the protein hydrolysate of monkfish (Lophius Litulon) muscle: Purification, identification, and cytoprotective function on HepG2 cells damage by H2O2[J]. Marine Drugs, 2020, 18(3): 153.
38
沈畅华, 杨娟, 张远红, 等. 双酶酶解鸽胸肉工艺优化及抗氧化性评价[J]. 食品与机械, 2023, 39(4): 163−169. [SHEN Changhua, YANG Juan, ZHANG Yuanhong, et al. Response surface methodology optimization and antioxidant evaluation of pigeon meat hydrolyzed by two enzymes[J]. Food and Machinery, 2023, 39(4): 163−169.]
SHEN Changhua, YANG Juan, ZHANG Yuanhong, et al. Response surface methodology optimization and antioxidant evaluation of pigeon meat hydrolyzed by two enzymes[J]. Food and Machinery, 2023, 39(4): 163−169.
39
GARCIA E J, CAIN M E. Isolation housing elevates amphetamine seeking independent of nucleus accumbens glutamate receptor adaptations[J]. European Journal of Neuroscience, 2021, 54(7): 6382−6396.
40
陆东林. 乳蛋白质的氨基酸组成和氨基酸评分[J]. 新疆畜牧业, 2014(10): 4−8. [LU Donglin. The amino acid composition and amino acid score of milk protein[J]. Animal husbandry in Xinjiang, 2014(10): 4−8.]
LU Donglin. The amino acid composition and amino acid score of milk protein[J]. Animal husbandry in Xinjiang, 2014(10): 4−8.
41
DALLE G R, CALUGI S, RUOCCO C, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a specific blend of amino acids in patients with anorexia nervosa treated in a hospital setting: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial[J]. Trials, 2023, 24(1): 104.
42
CHEN C, HSU S, ANN D K, et al. Arginine signaling and cancer metabolism[J]. Cancers, 2021, 13(14): 3541.
2026年第47卷第3期
PDF下载
85
37
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108
  • 接收时间:2025-02-17
  • 首发时间:2026-10-25
  • 出版时间:2026-02-01
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-17
基金
作者信息
    1仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225
    2宁夏大学食品科学与工程学院,宁夏银川 750021
    3梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500

通讯作者:

曾晓房(1979−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:肉品加工和质量控制,E-mail:。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025020108
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏