Article(id=1320884253429187111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320883923090002610, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030378, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743091200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852946860, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1774972800000, pubDateStr=2026-04-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852946860, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852946860, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852946860, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320883923090002610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='510', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774972800000', pubDateStr='2026-04-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852868101, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852868101, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=316, endPage=324, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320884253609542184, articleId=1320884253429187111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effect of Steam-roasting Process on the Eating Quality and Volatile Flavor Compounds of Gamba (French-style) Lamb Chops, columnId=1261343843585241413, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Analysis and Determination, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of steam-roasting treatment on the eating quality and flavor of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops. Gamba (French-style) lamb chop was selected as the research subject. The steam-roasting oven was used to steam-roasting and traditional roasting process on Gamba (French-style) lamb chops. Their color, texture, water-holding capacity, and cooking loss were measured and analyzed. The moisture distribution, myofibrillar structure, and volatile flavor compounds of all different treatment groups were detected using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). Sensory evaluation was performed to assess the eating quality of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops with different treatments. The results showed that during steam-roasting treatment, the surface a* value of ZK10 was significantly higher than that of KZ10 (P<0.05). The surface b* value of ZK5 was significantly lower than that of KZ5 (P<0.05). The ZK5 Gamba (French-style) lamb chops exhibited lower shear force (55.25±1.10 N), chewiness (3.25±0.46 mJ), hardness (1.59±0.14 N), cooking weight loss rate (18.56%), and TBARS value (8.47 mg/kg), while maintaining higher water-holding capacity (79.22%), moisture content (58.7%), and elasticity (8.96±0.49 mm). Additionally, the myofibrillar structure was less damaged. Sensory evaluation indicated that ZK7 achieved the highest scores in color, appearance, taste, and overall acceptability, while ZK5 excelled in terms of taste. GC-IMS fingerprinting revealed 53 volatile compounds in the lamb chops, including aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, heterocyclic compounds, and alkanes. The ZK groups produced the highest diversity of volatile components, primarily alcohols and aldehydes. Their characteristic flavor compounds mainly including 1-butanol-M, 1-hexanol-D, 1-pentanol-D, 1-penten-3-ol, 2-methylbutyraldehyde-M, 1-propanol-D, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone-M, acetic acid-M, (E)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-hexenal, 1-butanol-D, butyraldehyde-M, 1-nonanal-M, heptanal, 1-hexanal-D, ethyl heptanoate, acetic acid-D, 1-nonanal-D, 1-octenal-M, 2-methyl-2-hepten-6-one, 1-octenal-D, butyraldehyde-D, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone-D, 2-methylbutyraldehyde-D, and α-pine. The steam-roasting treatment can enhance the brightness, yellowness, elasticity, water-holding capacity, and moisture content of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops, reduce hardness, shear force, chewiness, and cooking loss rate, effectively inhibit lipid peroxidation, partially protect the myofibrillar structure, and promote the formation of more volatile substances, particularly alcohols and aldehydes.

, authors=Shuaikang LI1, Zhenyu ZHANG2, 3, Fei RAO3, Yu GAO3, Meiting HE3, Ping DONG3, Lan XIAO2, 3, *, Xuedong GU1, *, authorsList=Shuaikang LI, Zhenyu ZHANG, Fei RAO, Yu GAO, Meiting HE, Ping DONG, Lan XIAO, Xuedong GU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lan XIAO, Xuedong GU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320884256964985403, articleId=1320884253429187111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=不同蒸烤工艺对岗巴(法式)羊排食用品质及挥发性风味物质的影响, columnId=1261343846139572559, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=分析检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究不同蒸烤工艺对岗巴(法式)羊排食用品质及风味特性的影响。以岗巴(法式)羊排为研究对象,采用蒸烤箱对岗巴(法式)羊排进行蒸烤结合处理及传统烤制处理,测定并分析其色泽、质构、持水力及烹饪损失,采用低场核磁、扫描电镜、GC-IMS技术测定不同处理下各组水分分布状态、肌原纤维结构及风味物质组成,以及对不同处理下岗巴(法式)羊排的食用品质进行感官评价。结果表明:蒸烤结合处理时,ZK10表面a*值显著高于KZ10(P<0.05);ZK5表面b*值显著低于KZ5(P<0.05);ZK5岗巴(法式)羊排的剪切力(55.25±1.10 N)、咀嚼性(3.25±0.46 mJ)、硬度(1.59±0.14 N)、烹饪失重率(18.56%)以及TBARS值(8.47 mg/kg)较低,持水力(79.22%)、水分含量(58.7%)、弹性(8.96±0.49 mm)较高,肌原纤维破坏程度较小。感官评价结果显示ZK7的色泽、外观、滋味以及整体接受度得分最高,ZK5的口感最好。GC-IMS指纹图谱显示岗巴(法式)羊排中有醛类、酮类、醇类、杂环类、烷烃类等共53种挥发性物质,ZK组产生的挥发性成分种类最多,其中主要为醇类及醛类,相对含量较高的物质主要包括1-丁醇-M、1-己醇-D、1-戊醇-D、1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛-M、1-丙醇-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-M、乙酸-M、(E)-2-庚烯醛、(E)-2-己烯醛、1-丁醇-D、丁醛-M、1-壬醛-M、庚醛、1-己醛-D、庚酸乙酯、乙酸-D、1-壬醛-D、1-辛醛-M、2-甲基-2-庚烯-6-酮、1-辛醛-D、丁醛-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-D、2-甲基丁醛-D、α-蒎烯。蒸烤结合处理能够提高岗巴(法式)羊排的亮度、黄度、弹性、持水力和水分含量,降低硬度、剪切力、咀嚼性和烹饪失重率,有效抑制脂质过氧化,在一定程度上保护了肌原纤维结构,产生了更多的挥发性物质,尤其是醇类和醛类。

, authors=李帅康1, 张振宇2, 3, 饶菲3, 高煜3, 何美婷3, 董平3, 肖岚2, 3, *, 辜雪冬1, *, authorsList=李帅康, 张振宇, 饶菲, 高煜, 何美婷, 董平, 肖岚, 辜雪冬, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=肖岚, 辜雪冬, authorNote=

李帅康(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:畜产品食品加工安全,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
肖岚(1981−),女,博士,教授,研究方向:食品加工与安全控制,E-mail:。
辜雪冬(1978−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:畜产食品科学,E-mail:。
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Impact of cooking methods on the flavor profile of lamb meat[J]. Journal of Food Science, 2022, 87(5): 1987−1996., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320884270973960901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=55, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI J, CHEN X, ZHANG Q. Comparative analysis of volatile compounds in roasted and stewed lamb using GC-MS[J]. Food Chemistry, 2023, 405: 134876., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320884271288533702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=56, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MOTTRAM D S. Flavour formation in meat and meat products: A review[J]. 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注:不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),图3、图4、图6同。

, figureFileSmall=3ZiA6KsxkfiF0pinTpdTHw==, figureFileBig=pB9UStv+0fTHkIptCcqLXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884261922652797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of thermal cooking methods and doneness on cooking weight loss and water holding capacity of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops, figureFileSmall=MUFEJJkfMXFbkAUowTDHog==, figureFileBig=svpAcheW+lzYY8JQ1GfCkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884261985567358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=CN, label=图3, caption=热烹方式及熟度对岗巴(法式)羊排烹饪失重率和持水力的影响, figureFileSmall=MUFEJJkfMXFbkAUowTDHog==, figureFileBig=svpAcheW+lzYY8JQ1GfCkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262048481919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Water content and transverse relaxation time (T2) distribution profiles in Gamba (French-style) lamb chops, figureFileSmall=IGy444Jd+I7ndJPJfOa69A==, figureFileBig=FVY1KSOJAtucy7dnIbVylQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262111396480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=CN, label=图4, caption=岗巴(法式)羊排水分含量和水分横向弛豫时间(T2)分布图, figureFileSmall=IGy444Jd+I7ndJPJfOa69A==, figureFileBig=FVY1KSOJAtucy7dnIbVylQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262170116737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of thermal processing methods and doneness on the microstructural characteristics of muscle tissue in Gamba (French-style) lamb chops, figureFileSmall=NRRYgWo7f175x3pTgmSG7g==, figureFileBig=L35RvIeEHd8MkoOnE/cbeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262228836994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=CN, label=图5, caption=热烹方式及熟度对岗巴(法式)羊排肌肉组织微观结构的影响

注:A为HE染色切片观察羊排肌肉组织整体结构,B为扫描电子显微镜观察羊排肌肉组织表面,C为扫描电子显微镜观察羊排肌肉组织切面;A、B、C各组的1~7分别为蒸烤-五、蒸烤-七、蒸烤-全、烤-五、烤-七、烤-全、对照组。

, figureFileSmall=NRRYgWo7f175x3pTgmSG7g==, figureFileBig=L35RvIeEHd8MkoOnE/cbeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262287557251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Influence of thermal cooking methods and doneness on the TBARS value of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops, figureFileSmall=5HYIWjaBcTBsjlHIjEf8UA==, figureFileBig=COpLtX7Zigu1T1298OSVFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262363054724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=CN, label=图6, caption=热烹方式及熟度对岗巴(法式)羊排TBARS值的影响, figureFileSmall=5HYIWjaBcTBsjlHIjEf8UA==, figureFileBig=COpLtX7Zigu1T1298OSVFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262430163589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Radar chart of sensory evaluation scores for Gangba (French-style) lamb chops under different cooking methods, figureFileSmall=U5WMjSz5p9XEFF6K3PPQJg==, figureFileBig=7cBWAmPZlXBUH6flA0sB7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262497272454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同烹饪方式岗巴(法式)羊排感官得分的雷达图, figureFileSmall=U5WMjSz5p9XEFF6K3PPQJg==, figureFileBig=7cBWAmPZlXBUH6flA0sB7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262560187015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Correlation analysis between shear force and quality indicators of Gangba (French-style) lamb chops under different cooking methods, figureFileSmall=IXGZ+xhXPlfQlHW0SJAK/w==, figureFileBig=lU8o7zaLYGqe5TPGbMynbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320884262618907272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同烹饪方式岗巴(法式)羊排剪切力与品质指标相关性分析

注:色泽指标中B代表表面,Z代表中心。

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Influence of thermal cooking methods and doneness on the texture of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标DZ组(生羊排)ZK5ZK7ZK10KZ5KZ7KZ10
硬度(N)1.45±0.33d1.59±0.14d4.25±0.08c7.28±0.10ab2.23±0.27d5.95±0.29bc7.80±1.69a
弹性(mm)9.10±0.30a8.96±0.49ab6.94±1.27bc4.23±0.81d8.59±0.62ab5.79±0.39cd3.61±1.22d
咀嚼性(mJ)1.10±0.41c3.25±0.46c9.99±1.11b31.43±3.43a4.04±0.64c10.90±0.56b33.94±2.30a
剪切力(N)49.94±2.18e55.25±1.10de60.20±0.77cd83.48±1.19b61.14±2.11c65.19±1.55c103.66±3.97a
), ArticleFig(id=1320884262874759820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320884253429187111, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

热烹方式及熟度对岗巴(法式)羊排质构的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标DZ组(生羊排)ZK5ZK7ZK10KZ5KZ7KZ10
硬度(N)1.45±0.33d1.59±0.14d4.25±0.08c7.28±0.10ab2.23±0.27d5.95±0.29bc7.80±1.69a
弹性(mm)9.10±0.30a8.96±0.49ab6.94±1.27bc4.23±0.81d8.59±0.62ab5.79±0.39cd3.61±1.22d
咀嚼性(mJ)1.10±0.41c3.25±0.46c9.99±1.11b31.43±3.43a4.04±0.64c10.90±0.56b33.94±2.30a
剪切力(N)49.94±2.18e55.25±1.10de60.20±0.77cd83.48±1.19b61.14±2.11c65.19±1.55c103.66±3.97a
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不同蒸烤工艺对岗巴(法式)羊排食用品质及挥发性风味物质的影响
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李帅康 1 , 张振宇 2, 3 , 饶菲 3 , 高煜 3 , 何美婷 3 , 董平 3 , 肖岚 2, 3, * , 辜雪冬 1, *
食品工业科技 | 分析检测 2026,47(7): 316-324
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食品工业科技 |分析检测 2026 , 47 (7) : 316 -324
不同蒸烤工艺对岗巴(法式)羊排食用品质及挥发性风味物质的影响
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李帅康1 , 张振宇2, 3, 饶菲3, 高煜3, 何美婷3, 董平3, 肖岚2, 3, * , 辜雪冬1, *
作者信息
  • 1西藏农牧大学食品科学学院,西藏特农牧资源研发省部共建协同创新中心,西藏林芝 860000
  • 2食品营养与健康四川省高等学校重点实验室,四川成都 610100
  • 3四川旅游学院烹饪与食品科学工程学院,四川成都 610100
通讯作者:
肖岚(1981−),女,博士,教授,研究方向:食品加工与安全控制,E-mail:。
辜雪冬(1978−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:畜产食品科学,E-mail:。
作者简介:

李帅康(2001−),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:畜产品食品加工安全,E-mail:

Effect of Steam-roasting Process on the Eating Quality and Volatile Flavor Compounds of Gamba (French-style) Lamb Chops
Shuaikang LI1 , Zhenyu ZHANG2, 3, Fei RAO3, Yu GAO3, Meiting HE3, Ping DONG3, Lan XIAO2, 3, * , Xuedong GU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food Science, Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources Research and Development, Nyingchi 860000, China
  • 2Food Nutrition and Health Key Laboratory of Sichuan Universities, Chengdu 610100, China
  • 3College of Culinary and Food Science Engineering, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China
出版时间: 2026-04-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030378
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为探究不同蒸烤工艺对岗巴(法式)羊排食用品质及风味特性的影响。以岗巴(法式)羊排为研究对象,采用蒸烤箱对岗巴(法式)羊排进行蒸烤结合处理及传统烤制处理,测定并分析其色泽、质构、持水力及烹饪损失,采用低场核磁、扫描电镜、GC-IMS技术测定不同处理下各组水分分布状态、肌原纤维结构及风味物质组成,以及对不同处理下岗巴(法式)羊排的食用品质进行感官评价。结果表明:蒸烤结合处理时,ZK10表面a*值显著高于KZ10(P<0.05);ZK5表面b*值显著低于KZ5(P<0.05);ZK5岗巴(法式)羊排的剪切力(55.25±1.10 N)、咀嚼性(3.25±0.46 mJ)、硬度(1.59±0.14 N)、烹饪失重率(18.56%)以及TBARS值(8.47 mg/kg)较低,持水力(79.22%)、水分含量(58.7%)、弹性(8.96±0.49 mm)较高,肌原纤维破坏程度较小。感官评价结果显示ZK7的色泽、外观、滋味以及整体接受度得分最高,ZK5的口感最好。GC-IMS指纹图谱显示岗巴(法式)羊排中有醛类、酮类、醇类、杂环类、烷烃类等共53种挥发性物质,ZK组产生的挥发性成分种类最多,其中主要为醇类及醛类,相对含量较高的物质主要包括1-丁醇-M、1-己醇-D、1-戊醇-D、1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛-M、1-丙醇-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-M、乙酸-M、(E)-2-庚烯醛、(E)-2-己烯醛、1-丁醇-D、丁醛-M、1-壬醛-M、庚醛、1-己醛-D、庚酸乙酯、乙酸-D、1-壬醛-D、1-辛醛-M、2-甲基-2-庚烯-6-酮、1-辛醛-D、丁醛-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-D、2-甲基丁醛-D、α-蒎烯。蒸烤结合处理能够提高岗巴(法式)羊排的亮度、黄度、弹性、持水力和水分含量,降低硬度、剪切力、咀嚼性和烹饪失重率,有效抑制脂质过氧化,在一定程度上保护了肌原纤维结构,产生了更多的挥发性物质,尤其是醇类和醛类。

岗巴羊  /  (法式)羊排  /  嫩度  /  风味  /  蒸烤结合

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of steam-roasting treatment on the eating quality and flavor of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops. Gamba (French-style) lamb chop was selected as the research subject. The steam-roasting oven was used to steam-roasting and traditional roasting process on Gamba (French-style) lamb chops. Their color, texture, water-holding capacity, and cooking loss were measured and analyzed. The moisture distribution, myofibrillar structure, and volatile flavor compounds of all different treatment groups were detected using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). Sensory evaluation was performed to assess the eating quality of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops with different treatments. The results showed that during steam-roasting treatment, the surface a* value of ZK10 was significantly higher than that of KZ10 (P<0.05). The surface b* value of ZK5 was significantly lower than that of KZ5 (P<0.05). The ZK5 Gamba (French-style) lamb chops exhibited lower shear force (55.25±1.10 N), chewiness (3.25±0.46 mJ), hardness (1.59±0.14 N), cooking weight loss rate (18.56%), and TBARS value (8.47 mg/kg), while maintaining higher water-holding capacity (79.22%), moisture content (58.7%), and elasticity (8.96±0.49 mm). Additionally, the myofibrillar structure was less damaged. Sensory evaluation indicated that ZK7 achieved the highest scores in color, appearance, taste, and overall acceptability, while ZK5 excelled in terms of taste. GC-IMS fingerprinting revealed 53 volatile compounds in the lamb chops, including aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, heterocyclic compounds, and alkanes. The ZK groups produced the highest diversity of volatile components, primarily alcohols and aldehydes. Their characteristic flavor compounds mainly including 1-butanol-M, 1-hexanol-D, 1-pentanol-D, 1-penten-3-ol, 2-methylbutyraldehyde-M, 1-propanol-D, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone-M, acetic acid-M, (E)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-hexenal, 1-butanol-D, butyraldehyde-M, 1-nonanal-M, heptanal, 1-hexanal-D, ethyl heptanoate, acetic acid-D, 1-nonanal-D, 1-octenal-M, 2-methyl-2-hepten-6-one, 1-octenal-D, butyraldehyde-D, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone-D, 2-methylbutyraldehyde-D, and α-pine. The steam-roasting treatment can enhance the brightness, yellowness, elasticity, water-holding capacity, and moisture content of Gamba (French-style) lamb chops, reduce hardness, shear force, chewiness, and cooking loss rate, effectively inhibit lipid peroxidation, partially protect the myofibrillar structure, and promote the formation of more volatile substances, particularly alcohols and aldehydes.

Gamba sheep  /  (french-style) lamb chops  /  tenderness  /  flavor  /  steaming-roasting combination
李帅康, 张振宇, 饶菲, 高煜, 何美婷, 董平, 肖岚, 辜雪冬. 不同蒸烤工艺对岗巴(法式)羊排食用品质及挥发性风味物质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (7) : 316 -324 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030378
Shuaikang LI, Zhenyu ZHANG, Fei RAO, Yu GAO, Meiting HE, Ping DONG, Lan XIAO, Xuedong GU. Effect of Steam-roasting Process on the Eating Quality and Volatile Flavor Compounds of Gamba (French-style) Lamb Chops[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (7) : 316 -324 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030378
岗巴羊是青藏高原独有的珍稀畜种,其肉质在营养方面表现出显著的优势。张路[1]研究表明,岗巴羊肉具有低脂肪(2.46%)、高蛋白质(20.07%)、丰富的不饱和脂肪酸(多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)占比28.48%)以及均衡的氨基酸组成(总氨基酸含量19.12%),其营养价值显著优于传统品种,如宁夏滩羊[2]。作为青藏高原特色畜种,其独特的营养品质已受到学界关注。现有研究表明,岗巴羊肉具有显著高于普通羊肉的PUFA含量,尤其是花生四烯酸等ω-6系列脂肪酸含量突出。这一特性使其在基础营养学领域备受重视,目前研究多集中于养殖环境对肉质营养成分的影响、基础营养组成分析等静态品质评价[3]。然而,正是这种高PUFA特性,使得岗巴羊在烹饪加工过程中因其较高的氧化敏感性导致风味物质生成路径与稳定性发生显著变化[4],但目前关于其在热加工过程中动态风味差异的研究鲜见报道,这一研究缺口直接制约岗巴羊肉制品品质的精准调控,因此进一步揭示热加工过程中岗巴羊肉品质变化及风味差异十分重要。
目前国内外的研究大多集中在传统烤制优化和美拉德反应条件方面。例如,刘雅娜等[5]研究认为180 ℃烤制羊肉风味最佳,冯瑞红等[6]研究表明烤制羊肉风味的形成本质上是脂质氧化与美拉德反应的协同作用。而岗巴羊特殊脂肪酸组成可能从根本上改变这一协同机制,原因是丰富的花生四烯酸等PUFA可作为风味前体物质,通过氧化降解产生更丰富的醛酮类挥发性化合物。传统的干热烤制法虽然能通过不饱和脂肪酸的氧化和氨基酸与还原糖的反应生成丰富的风味物质,却难以兼顾水分保留与肌原纤维结构稳定性,从而影响羊肉的嫩度。相比之下,蒸烤结合烹饪方式通过蒸制的湿润环境与烤制的高温实现在保留水分的同时形成独特的风味[7]。
本研究以西藏岗巴(法式)羊排为研究对象,分别使用传统烤制和蒸烤结合两种不同热加工方式,采用低场核磁、扫描电镜、GC-IMS技术探究不同熟度下岗巴(法式)羊排的食用品质变化与风味物质差异,解析蒸烤结合处理相比于传统烤制在平衡风味形成与质构保持方面的优势,以期为提升岗巴羊肉加工品质提供参考依据。
岗巴(法式)羊排 西藏百亚成农牧有限公司;溴化钾、三氯乙酸、2-硫代巴比妥酸、氯仿 上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司;所有试剂均为国产分析纯。
TMS-PRO型质构仪 美国FTC公司;3nh-NR110高密度手持式色差仪 深圳市三恩时科技有限公司;Flavour Spec®气相色谱-离子迁移谱仪 德国G.A.S公司;NMI20-025V核磁共振波谱仪 苏州纽迈分析仪器股份有限公司;7800透射电镜 日本日立有限公司;ICP61E型RATIONAL多功能蒸烤箱 德国莱欣诺股份公司。
样品制备由四川旅游学院烹饪与食品科学学院的西式烹调高级技师完成。
对照组制备:将生羊排切割成5 cm×5 cm×3 cm肉样,样品编号为DZ。
传统干烤羊排制备:羊排放入烤箱托盘内,插上中心温度计,RATIONAL多功能蒸烤箱设置为烤制模式,温度260~270 ℃,待羊排中心温度分别达到55 ℃(五分熟羊排)、60 ℃(七分熟羊排)、75 ℃(全熟羊排)即可取出,样品分别编号为KZ5、KZ7、KZ10。
蒸烤羊排制备:羊排放入烤箱托盘内,插上中心温度计,RATIONAL多功能蒸烤箱设置为蒸烤模式,温度 260~270 ℃,湿度20%,待羊排中心温度分别达到55 ℃(五分熟羊排)、60 ℃(七分熟羊排)、75 ℃(全熟羊排)即可取出,样品分别编号为ZK5、ZK7、ZK10。
在自然光下,色差仪探测器经自检调零、白板校正后,测量口垂直置于样品的表面及中心面上进行测定,记录L*、a*、b*值。
将样品切成1 cm×1 cm×3 cm的长方体肉块。选用TPA模式(P36圆柱形探头,50 mm回弹高度,75%形变,60 mm/min速度,1.5 N初始力,5 s间隔)在室温下检测样品的硬度、咀嚼性、弹性,采用HDP/BS刀具测定样品剪切力。
样品表面水分用滤纸擦干后称重(m1),热处理并冷却后再次擦干称重(m2)。烹饪失重率计算公式为:
$ \rm 烹饪失重率(\text{%})= \frac{{m}_{1}-{m}_{2}}{{m}_{1}}\times 100 $
参考石雨婷[8]的方法取样品用滤纸去除表面水分后称重(m3),将肉块使用滤纸包裹并置于离心管中,在4 ℃、5000×g条件下离心10 min,离心后称重(m4)。持水力计算公式为:
$\rm 持水力(\text{%})= \frac{{m}_{4}}{{m}_{3}}\times 100 $
水分含量参照GB 5009.3-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中水分的测定》中的直接干燥法测定。
水分分布参照马萌等[9]的方法测定,取1.5 cm×1.5 cm×2 cm肉样放置于样品管并均匀铺满底部,用封口膜封口,于32 ℃预热仪器并使用序列校正仪器参数,然后设置CPMG(Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill)脉冲序列参数对样品进行测定,获得T2横向弛豫图谱。
样品表面水分擦干后,沿肌纤维方向切取1 cm×1 cm×3 cm的薄片,于2.5%戊二醛溶液中固定24 h,随后使用1%饿酸溶液再次固定4 h,然后将经过乙醛脱水的样品进行包埋,随后将样品切成超薄切片,并对切片进行室温30 min染色(按照先醋酸双氧铀后柠檬酸铅前后染色各15 min),然后利用扫描电镜200倍观察肌肉微观结构。
参考马小菊等[10]的方法。称取10.0 g样品,剪碎后加入50 mL 7.5%三氯乙酸溶液,振摇30 min后取滤液5 mL,加入等体积的2-硫代巴比妥酸溶液(0.02 mol/L),沸水浴加热15 min后冷却,3000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液加入5 mL氯仿,静置分层后取上清液,分别在532 nm和600 nm波长处测吸光度。按下式计算TBRAS值:
$\rm TBARS(mg/kg)=\frac{{A}_{532}-{A}_{600}}{155}\times \frac{1}{10}\times 72.6\times {10}^{3} $
式中:A532为上清液在波长532 nm处的吸光度;A600为上清液在波长600 nm处的吸光度;155为摩尔吸光系数。
采用感官评价法对不同烹饪方式下岗巴(法式)羊排进行食用品质的鉴评,参考张浩等[11]的方法并稍作修改,鉴评小组由10名年龄在20~25岁(男女各半)人员组成,感官评定前评定小组人员共同制定羊排特征描述词,从色泽、外观、滋味、口感、整体接受度方面进行评价,分别设置为非常不喜欢(1分)、不喜欢(3分)、喜欢(5分)、较喜欢(7分)、非常喜欢(10分) ,将样品随机编号后由全体进行评判打分。
参考张宗国等[12]的方法。GC-IMS单元参数:分析时间20 min,色谱柱类型FS-SE-54-CB-1(15 m,ID:0.53 mm),柱温60 ℃,载气/漂移气N2,IMS温度45 ℃。
自动顶空进样单元参数:进样体积500 μL,孵育时间10 min,孵育温度60 ℃,进样针温度65 ℃,孵化转速500 r/min。
顶空GC-IMS检测方法:取1.5 g样品,放入20 mL顶空进样瓶中,60 ℃孵化15 min,经顶空进样用FlavourSpec®风味分析仪进行测试,采用软件内置的NIST数据库和IMS数据库对物质进行定性分析并给出样品中挥发性有机物的差异谱图。
利用Excel软件对实验数据进行初步处理,利用DPS 7.55软件进行统计分析。所有数据均为3次(或5次)重复实验的平均值。采用单因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)和Duncan法进行多重比较,显著性水平设定为P<0.05。利用Origin 2024软件绘制图表。
根据图1可以看出,随烹饪时间的延长,蒸烤组相比于烤制组拥有更好的色泽,这与图2理化指标测定结果相吻合。根据图2结果显示,蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排表面、中心的亮度降低。由图2A可知,与DZ组比较发现,各处理组表面L*值显著下降(P<0.05),中心L*值均有所下降。与KZ组比较发现,ZK10表面L*值显著高于KZ10(P<0.05),由于蒸烤岗巴(法式)羊排过程中蒸汽环境有助于维持肌红蛋白结构完整性,因此保持较高亮度[13−14],而ZK组表面亮度与KZ5、KZ7无显著性差异;ZK组中心的L*值均无显著性差异。
蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排表面红度升高。由图2B可知,与DZ组比较发现,ZK7、KZ7表面a*值显著上升(P<0.05),中心a*值差异较小。与KZ组比较发现,ZK10表面a*值显著高于KZ10(P<0.05),这是由于高湿度环境能够显著降低脂质氧化速率,减少自由基的产生,从而减缓对亚铁的氧化攻击[15];ZK7中心a*值显著高于ZK5和ZK10(P<0.05)。
蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排表面、中心的黄度显著降低(P<0.05)。由图2C可知,与DZ组比较发现,各处理组表面、中心b*值显著下降(P<0.05),这是由于干热环境加速脂肪氧化和色素降解,使b*值降低[16]。与KZ组比较发现,ZK5表面及中心b*值显著低于KZ5(P<0.05),说明潮湿环境可以延缓中层脂肪氧化,从而减缓黄度损失[17]。上述结果可能提示蒸烤结合处理相比于传统烤制可以改善岗巴(法式)羊排色泽。
蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排硬度、咀嚼性、剪切力升高,弹性下降。由表1可知,与DZ组相比,ZK7、ZK10和KZ7、KZ10硬度、剪切力、咀嚼性均显著上升(P<0.05),弹性显著下降(P<0.05),表明热烹处理可能会破坏肌原纤维结构,不利于保水和维持嫩度;与KZ组相比,同一熟度下,ZK5剪切力显著低于KZ5(P<0.05),而硬度、弹性、咀嚼性之间均无显著性差异;ZK7与KZ7的剪切力、硬度、弹性、咀嚼性之间均无显著性差异;ZK10剪切力显著低于KZ10(P<0.05),而硬度、弹性、咀嚼性之间均无显著性差异,这是由于烤制过程中的高温和干燥环境导致蛋白质肌原纤维收缩不均匀,纤维结构更为紧密,蛋白变性更为彻底,而蒸烤结合法融合蒸汽和烘烤,温和地使结缔组织缓慢软化,减少汁液流失,从而保持嫩度,降低咀嚼性,提升弹性[18]。ZK组内相比,ZK5的硬度、咀嚼性和剪切力最小,弹性最大,ZK10的硬度、咀嚼性和剪切力最大,弹性最小。此结果表明蒸烤结合处理对保持岗巴(法式)羊排嫩度有明显作用。
蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排持水力、烹饪失重率下降,由图3可知,与DZ组相比,各处理组持水力显著下降(P<0.05),由于高温环境下肌纤维蛋白受热过度变性收缩挤压内部水分,导致水分流失[19]。ZK组烹饪失重率在所有熟度下显著均低于KZ组;ZK组的持水力在所有熟度下均显著高于KZ组(P<0.05)。这一结果表明蒸烤结合烹饪能够降低烹饪失重率、保持水分,这是由于蒸汽形成的湿润环境可有效减少羊排水分蒸发,抑制高温直接引起的肌纤维收缩和汁液流失,从而降低羊排烹饪失重率并提高持水力[20−21]。
蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排水分含量下降,由图4A可知,各处理组水分含量均显著低于DZ组(P<0.05),表明热处理会导致羊排的水分流失。与KZ组相比,同一熟度下各ZK组的水分含量均显著高于KZ组(P<0.05)。以上结果进一步证实,干热环境下,内外湿度、压力差导致羊排内部水分更易于向表面迁移并蒸发,水分含量显著下降。综上,蒸烤结合能够有效补充并维持羊排内部的水分,从而减少水分流失[22],这与2.3持水力结果分析相吻合。
蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排T21和T22弛豫时间减少。从图4B低场核磁共振(LF-NMR)的衰减曲线可以看出,岗巴(法式)羊排肌肉中水分呈现为两个相态:T21不易流动水(18.04~46.76 ms)和T22自由水(107.12~348.32 ms),各处理组的T21和T22弛豫时间均低于DZ组。Bertram等[23]研究表明,较短的弛豫时间T21与存在于蛋白结构组织内的不易流动水有关,弛豫时间越短,水分子与底物的结合能力越强;较长的弛豫时间T22则与肌纤维之间的自由水紧密相关,反映出水分子具有更大的自由度[24]。随着热烹时间的延长,T21弛豫时间迅速向更短的方向移动,表明羊排中的不易流动水流动性降低,表面蛋白发生变性,部分蛋白紧缩导致持水力下降[25]。在相同熟度下,ZK组在T21和T22区域内的弛豫时间长于KZ组,这一现象表明,与蒸烤结合处理相比,烤制烹饪方式下水分子流动性更低。这种差异是因为蒸烤结合处理能够有效缓解蛋白质变性过程,同时蒸汽的渗透作用能够补充羊排内部水分[26]。这一实验结果与水分含量的测定结果高度吻合,进一步验证了蒸烤结合处理在保持水分和延缓蛋白质变性方面的优势。
如图5A(1~7)所示,DZ组肌原纤维排列正常,肌束结构清晰,肌原纤维形态正常;各处理组的肌原纤维结构都有不同程度的破坏。ZK组的肌原纤维间隙较烤制组更宽,纤维结构更为松散。Zheng等[27]报道,肌纤维间隙增大有利于肌肉持水力提升,从而改善羊排的嫩度,这与2.3、2.4的研究结果一致。KZ组和ZK组随着熟度的增加,肌原纤维结构越来越紧密,表明热烹时间延长可能导致肌原纤维进一步收缩,纤维结构紧实,持水力下降,汁液流失率增加,与Noh等[28]研究发现高温烹饪会导致肌原纤维蛋白的横向伸展和纵向收缩,从而挤压内部水分的研究结果一致。
如图5B(1~7)所示,DZ组肌肉组织表面的肌原纤维的典型超微结构特征得以完整保留,肌原纤维排列整齐且紧密。ZK组的肌肉组织表面虽然遭到不同程度的破坏,但仍可见肌原纤维结构基本完整,而KZ组的肌肉组织表面形成了一层硬壳,导致无法看清肌原纤维结构,硬壳形成主要是由于在烤制烹饪即干热环境下蛋白质变性和脂质氧化程度较高,而蒸汽引入可减缓变性反应以及氧化速度,在一定程度上保护了肌原纤维结构[29]。随着熟度增加,各处理组的表面蛋白溶解现象越来越严重,这与烹饪时间延长,蛋白质过度变性后蛋白质相互作用减弱有关[30]。
如图5C(1~7)所示,DZ组肌肉组织切面的肌原纤维的典型超微结构得以完整保留,肌原纤维排列整齐且紧密。ZK组肌肉组织切面的肌原纤维间隙较烤制组更宽,纤维结构更松散,各处理组随熟度增加,纤维结构破坏越来越严重,与图5A的结果一致。以上结果说明蒸烤结合处理下,岗巴(法式)羊排肌原纤维破坏程度较小,进一步证明蒸烤结合处理的优势。
与传统烤制相比,蒸烤处理后岗巴(法式)羊排TBARS值降低。由图6可知,KZ组与ZK组TBARS值均显著高于DZ组(P<0.05),是由于热处理可诱导脂肪氧化[31−32]。ZK组的TBARS值显著低于KZ组(P<0.05),是由于蒸烤箱维持20%的湿度,水分覆盖肉品表面形成物理屏障,可减少氧气与脂肪的直接接触,从而抑制氧化链式反应[33],异味物质(哈败味/金属味)生成减少,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)保留量增加。由此结果可知蒸烤结合处理更有利于改善岗巴(法式)羊排食用品质。
由图7可知,色泽、外观、滋味以及整体接受度得分最高的样品是ZK7,口感得分最高的样品是ZK5,这一结果与食用品质理化指标测定结果一致,表明蒸烤结合处理后岗巴(法式)羊排的食用品质优于传统烤制处理。
图8展示了影响品质变化不同指标之间的相关性分析。图中相关性热图以红色表征正相关、蓝色表征负相关,结果表明剪切力与烹饪失重率呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与持水力、水分含量、口感呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与其余指标无显著相关。烹饪失重率与持水力、口感呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与水分含量、整体接受度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与TBARS值呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),口感与持水力、水分含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与外观、滋味、整体接受度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),由此结果分析可知,蒸烤结合处理对于岗巴(法式)羊排品质变化有一定影响,其余指标间也存在一定相关性。
羊排的气味主要来源于其脂肪、蛋白质和其他挥发性化合物的分解和氧化过程。在烹饪过程中,脂肪酸的氧化和热降解会产生一系列挥发性化合物,如醛类、酮类和醇类,这些化合物共同构成了羊排特有的香气。α-蒎烯和庚醛等化合物可能贡献了羊排的草本和脂肪香气[34]。此外,蛋白质的热降解也会产生含硫化合物,这些化合物通常具有强烈的气味,进一步丰富了羊排的香气特征[35]。Li等[36]研究表明,烹饪方法对羊排的气味有显著影响,例如烤制和炖煮会产生不同的挥发性化合物组合。由图9可知,图中A区域物质在DZ组中浓度最高,相对含量较高的挥发性风味物质是丙烯醛-M、丙烯醛-D、1-己醛-M、乙醇-D;图中C区域物质在KZ5组中浓度最高,相对含量较高的挥发性风味物质是4-甲基-2-戊酮、丁酸丁酯、丙酸乙酯-D、乙苯-D、2-戊醇、乙苯-M、2-甲基-1-丙醇、乙酸乙酯-D;图中B区域物质在ZK10组中浓度最高,相对含量较高的挥发性风味物质是1-丁醇-M、1-己醇-D、1-戊醇-D、1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛-M、1-丙醇-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-M、乙酸-M、(E)-2-庚烯醛、(E)-2-己烯醛、1-丁醇-D、丁醛-M、1-壬醛-M、庚醛、1-己醛-D、庚酸乙酯、乙酸-D、1-壬醛-D、1-辛醛-M、2-甲基-2-庚烯-6-酮、1-辛醛-D、丁醛-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-D、2-甲基丁醛-D、α-蒎烯;其产生的挥发性成分种类最多,其中主要为醇类及醛类,这是由于美拉德反应、脂肪氧化和热降解的共同作用,提升了蒸烤羊排的风味[37],表明蒸烤处理对羊排特征挥发性物质种类及含量的影响较大,更有利于羊排风味的形成。
与传统烤制法相比,蒸烤结合法在相同熟度下提高了岗巴(法式)羊排的亮度和黄度,ZK10表面a*值显著高于KZ10(P<0.05);ZK5表面b*值显著低于KZ5(P<0.05);ZK5岗巴(法式)羊排的剪切力(55.25±1.10 N)、咀嚼性(3.25±0.46 mJ)、硬度(1.59±0.14 N)、烹饪失重率(18.56%)以及TBARS值(8.47 mg/kg)较低,持水力(79.22%)、水分含量(58.7%)、弹性(8.96±0.49 mm)较高,肌原纤维破坏程度较小;感官结果表明ZK7样品色泽、外观、滋味以及整体接受度得分最高,ZK5样品口感最好。GC-IMS指纹图谱显示岗巴(法式)羊排中有醛类、酮类、醇类、杂环类、烷烃类等共53种挥发性物质,ZK组产生的挥发性成分种类最多,其中主要为醇类及醛类,其相对含量较高的物质主要包括1-丁醇-M、1-己醇-D、1-戊醇-D、1-戊烯-3-醇、2-甲基丁醛-M、1-丙醇-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-M、乙酸-M、(E)-2-庚烯醛、(E)-2-己烯醛、1-丁醇-D、丁醛-M、1-壬醛-M、庚醛、1-己醛-D、庚酸乙酯、乙酸-D、1-壬醛-D、1-辛醛-M、2-甲基-2-庚烯-6-酮、1-辛醛-D、丁醛-D、3-羟基-2-丁酮-D、2-甲基丁醛-D、α-蒎烯。综上所述,相较于传统干烤法,蒸烤结合法更有利于岗巴(法式)羊排风味的形成和品质的提升。

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2026年第47卷第7期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030378
  • 接收时间:2025-03-28
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-04-01
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    1西藏农牧大学食品科学学院,西藏特农牧资源研发省部共建协同创新中心,西藏林芝 860000
    2食品营养与健康四川省高等学校重点实验室,四川成都 610100
    3四川旅游学院烹饪与食品科学工程学院,四川成都 610100

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肖岚(1981−),女,博士,教授,研究方向:食品加工与安全控制,E-mail:。
辜雪冬(1978−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:畜产食品科学,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
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属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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