Article(id=1320882842784084820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880138208784845, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1754841600000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852610535, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1785513600000, pubDateStr=2026-08-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852610535, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852610535, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852610535, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320880138208784845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='15', pageStart='1', pageEnd='524', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1785513600000', pubDateStr='2026-08-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792851965715, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792851965715, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=451, endPage=461, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882843002188629, articleId=1320882842784084820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Impact of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Phospholipids Addition on the in Vitro Digestion Characteristics of Infant Formula Emulsions, columnId=1261343846965830077, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Nutrition and Healthcare, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a key bioactive component in milk, incorporated into infant formula due to its health benefits. Previous studies have found that adding MFGM phospholipids to whey protein at an optimal ratio (MFGM phospholipids:whey protein=5:10) enhances the physical and emulsifying stability of infant formula emulsions. However, its digestive characteristics remain unexplored. Consequently, this study employed human milk (HM), a commercial MFGM-containing infant formula (IF1, MFGM phospholipid:whey protein≠5:10), and a commercial MFGM-free infant formula (IF2) as controls. The objective was to investigate the effect of the optimal MFGM phospholipids-to-whey protein ratio (MFGM phospholipid:whey protein=5:10) on the in vitro digestive characteristics of infant formula emulsions. Results indicated that infant formula emulsion (FE) supplemented with this ratio exhibited particle size changes (mean particle size 3.28±0.24 μm; HM mean particle size 4.24±0.31 μm), potential changes (overall decreasing potential trend), and microstructural alterations (both exhibiting intact fat globules and phospholipid ring structures). Furthermore, the distribution trends of free fatty acid composition and content were closest to HM, and its degree of lipolysis (81.46%±0.75%) was also closer to HM (85.49%±1.89%), surpassing commercial IF1 (75.35%±1.17%) and IF2 (73.47%±1.28%). In summary, the FE prepared under these conditions exhibits in vitro digestive characteristics more similar to HM. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the humanization of MFGM in infant formula.

, authors=Ziyi ZHANG, Yanjie ZHAO, Lu LIU, He LI, Xiuxiu ZHANG*, Xiaodong LI, authorsList=Ziyi ZHANG, Yanjie ZHAO, Lu LIU, He LI, Xiuxiu ZHANG, Xiaodong LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiuxiu ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882844482777956, articleId=1320882842784084820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=乳脂肪球膜磷脂的添加对婴儿配方奶粉乳液体外消化特性的影响, columnId=1261343850979779009, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=营养与保健, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

乳脂肪球膜(Milk Fat Globule Membrane,MFGM)是乳中重要活性成分,因其健康效应已被应用到婴儿配方奶粉(以下简称婴配粉)中。前期研究发现,当MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白以最佳比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)添加时,婴配粉乳液的物理和乳化稳定性更佳,但其消化特性尚未展开研究。因此,本研究以母乳(Human Milk,HM)、市售含MFGM婴配粉(IF1,MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白≠5:10)和不含MFGM婴配粉(IF2)作为对照,旨在探讨MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白最佳添加比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)对婴配粉乳液体外消化特性的影响。结果表明,以此比例添加的婴儿配方奶粉乳液(Infant Formula Emulsion,FE)在体外消化过程中表现出与HM相似的粒径变化(平均粒径3.28±0.24 μm,HM平均粒径4.24±0.31 μm)、电位变化(整体的电位值呈下降趋势)和微观结构变化(均有完整的脂肪球和磷脂环结构),且游离脂肪酸组成与含量的分布趋势与HM最为接近,其脂解程度(81.46%±0.75%)也更接近HM(85.49%±1.89%),优于市售IF1(75.35%±1.17%)和IF2(73.47%±1.28%)。综上,以此条件制备的婴儿配方奶粉乳液展现出与母乳更为相似的体外消化特性,本研究可为婴儿配方奶粉中MFGM的母乳化构建提供理论依据。

, authors=张子怡, 赵艳洁, 刘璐, 李壑, 张秀秀*, 李晓东, authorsList=张子怡, 赵艳洁, 刘璐, 李壑, 张秀秀, 李晓东, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张秀秀, authorNote=

张子怡(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
张秀秀(1991−),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=tVhyQb/tC9yGt3mk38fuoQ==, magXml=WBISeeolR2uh+Rhhsyt2Tw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Rxc96IpZYwlsnfjos4LoTQ==, pdfFileSize=4403162, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=vJBS5L2MWAVtQqemJBSDTg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=/TvoCS21pU3jxOkbOPVKMg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320882844763796329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=1264278263@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882844835099499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844763796329, language=EN, stringName=Ziyi ZHANG, firstName=Ziyi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882844902208364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844763796329, language=CN, stringName=张子怡, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio={"content":"

张子怡(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张子怡(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882844965122926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845040620400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844965122926, language=EN, stringName=Yanjie ZHAO, firstName=Yanjie, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845107729265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844965122926, language=CN, stringName=赵艳洁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845170643827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845237752693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845170643827, language=EN, stringName=Lu LIU, firstName=Lu, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845300667254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845170643827, language=CN, stringName=刘璐, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845367776120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845455856506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845367776120, language=EN, stringName=He LI, firstName=He, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845514576763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845367776120, language=CN, stringName=李壑, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845581685629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhangxiuxiu4284@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845652988799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845581685629, language=EN, stringName=Xiuxiu ZHANG, firstName=Xiuxiu, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845724291968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845581685629, language=CN, stringName=张秀秀, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845787206530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845862704004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845787206530, language=EN, stringName=Xiaodong LI, firstName=Xiaodong, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845917229957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845787206530, language=CN, stringName=李晓东, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1320882846013698950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=MFGM phospholipids), Keyword(id=1320882846085002119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=infant formula), Keyword(id=1320882846139528072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=in vitro digestion), Keyword(id=1320882846198248329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=lipolysis kinetics), Keyword(id=1320882846261162890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=humanization), Keyword(id=1320882846345048971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=乳脂肪球膜磷脂), Keyword(id=1320882846407963532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=婴儿配方奶粉), Keyword(id=1320882846470878093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=体外消化), Keyword(id=1320882846537986958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=脂解动力学), Keyword(id=1320882846605095823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=母乳化)], refs=[Reference(id=1320882848140211106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ANDREAS N J, KAMPMANN B, MEHRING LE-DOARE K. Human breast milk: A review on its composition and bioactivity[J]. Early Human Development, 2015, 91(11): 629−635., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848198931363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA Q, MA S, ZHAO Y, et al. Interaction between whey protein and soy lecithin and its influence on physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of emulsion: A consideration for mimicking milk fat globule[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 163: 112181., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848261845924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SÁNCHEZ C, FRANCO L, REGAL P, et al. Breast milk: A source of functional compounds with potential application in nutrition and therapy[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(3): 1026., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848320566181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LOPEZ C, CAUTY C, GUYOMARC'H F. Unraveling the complexity of milk fat globules to tailor bioinspired emulsions providing health benefits: The key role played by the biological membrane[J]. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2018, 121(1): 1800201., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848375092134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU L, PAN Y, ZHANG X, et al. Effect of particle size and interface composition on the lipid digestion of droplets covered with membrane phospholipids[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(1): 159−169., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848446395303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李晓东, 林爽, 刘璐, 等. 婴儿配方乳粉脂质母乳化的研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(7): 339−348. [LI Xiaodong, LIN Shuang, LIU Lu, et al. Advances in the research on lipid humanization of infant formula milk powder[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(7): 339−348.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848555447208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Xiaodong, LIN Shuang, LIU Lu, et al. Advances in the research on lipid humanization of infant formula milk powder[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(7): 339−348., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848622556073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA Q, SUN M, ZHAO Y, et al. Improving lipid digestion by modulating interfacial structure of fat globule based on milk fat globule membrane and different phospholipids[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 150: 109736., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848681276330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI B, CHEN Q, MU L, et al. Milk fat globule membrane regulates the physicochemical properties and surface composition of infant formula powders by improving the stability of the emulsion[J]. Food Chemistry, 2024, 440: 137522., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848744190891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU Z, ZHENG S, YUAN X, et al. Effect of the addition of milk fat globule membrane materials to the construction of fat globule interface in infant formula[J]. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2023, 77(2): 497−509., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848819688364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TIMBY N, DOMELLÖF M, LÖNNERDAL B, et al. Supplementation of infant formula with bovine milk fat globule membranes[J]. Advances in Nutrition, 2017, 8(2): 351−355., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848886797229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=REIS P M, RAAB T W, CHUAT J Y, et al. Influence of surfactants on lipase fat digestion in a model gastro-intestinal system[J]. Food Biophys, 2008, 3(4): 370−381., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882848953906094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王鑫, 于景华, 赵亭亭, 等. 基于乳脂肪球膜结构以提高液态乳体系的稳定性: 乳脂肪球膜构建机制综述[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(2): 308−316. [WANG Xin, YU Jinghua, ZHAO Tingting, et al. Improving the stability of liquid milk system based on milk fat globule membrane structure: A review on the construction mechanism of milk fat globule membrane[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(2): 308−316.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849029403567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Xin, YU Jinghua, ZHAO Tingting, et al. Improving the stability of liquid milk system based on milk fat globule membrane structure: A review on the construction mechanism of milk fat globule membrane[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(2): 308−316., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849092318128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YU X, ZHAO Y, SUN M, et al. Effects of egg yolk lecithin/milk fat globule membrane material ratio on the structure and stability of oil-in-water emulsions[J]. LWT, 2022, 168: 113891., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849159426993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA Q, ZHANG X, ZHAO Y, et al. Regulating interfacial structure of fat globules based on milk fat globule membrane with milk phospholipids to improve physicochemical properties and fat digestion of infant formula emulsions[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 157: 110433., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849230730162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAN Y, LIU S, LI J, et al. Regulating the lipid droplet interface based on milk fat globule membrane and milk proteins to improve lipid digestion of model infant formula emulsion[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 146: 109187., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849306227635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Y, LIU L, MA Q, et al. Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) phospholipid-whey protein interaction characterization and its effect on physicochemical, interfacial properties and evaluation of in vitro digestion of emulsions-Inspired by the MFGM[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 155: 110173., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849369142196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LU J, LIU L, PANG X Y, et al. Comparative proteomics of milk fat globule membrane in goat colostrum and mature milk[J]. Food Chemistry, 2016, 209: 10−16., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849432056757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Y, LIU L, LIU S, et al. The influence of MPL addition on structure, interfacial compositions and physicochemical properties on infant formula fat globules[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 168: 112769., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849503359926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DRAPALA K P, MULVIHILL D M, O'MAHONY J A. Improving the oxidative stability of model whey protein hydrolysate-based infant formula emulsions with lecithin[J]. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2018, 71(4): 966−974., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849566274487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YU X, ZHOU W, JIA Z, et al. Interfacial composition in infant formulas powder modulate lipid digestion in simulated in-vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 165: 112553., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849633383352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MÉNARD O, BOURLIEU C, de OLIVEIRA S C, et al. A first step towards a consensus static in vitro model for simulating full-term infant digestion[J]. Food Chemistry, 2018, 240: 338−345., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849687909305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Y, YU X, HUSSAIN M, et al. Influence of milk fat globule membrane and milk protein concentrate treated by ultrasound on the structural and emulsifying stability of mimicking human fat emulsions[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2022, 82: 105881., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849755018170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAN Y, LIU L, TIAN S, et al. Comparative analysis of interfacial composition and structure of fat globules in human milk and infant formulas[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2022, 124: 107290., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849817932731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LUO J, LIU L, LIU T, et al. Simulated in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion of yak milk fat globules: A comparison with cow milk fat globules[J]. Food Chemistry, 2020, 314: 126160., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849901818812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BERTON-CARABIN C C, SAGIS L, SCHROËN K, et al. Formation, structure, and functionality of interfacial layers in food emulsions[J]. Annual Review of Food Science & Technology, 2018, 9: 551−587., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882849964733374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LOPEZ C, MÉNARD O. Human milk fat globules: Polar lipid composition and in situ structural investigations revealing the heterogeneous distribution of proteins and the lateral segregation of sphingomyelin in the biological membrane[J]. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2011, 83(1): 29−41., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850019259326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PINHEIRO A C, LAD M, SILVA H D, et al. Unravelling the behaviour of curcumin nanoemulsions during in vitro digestion: Effect of the surface charge[J]. Soft Matter, 2013, 9(11): 3147−3154., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850086368191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MULET-CABERO A-I, TORCELLO-GÓMEZ A, SAHA S, et al. Impact of caseins and whey proteins ratio and lipid content on in vitro digestion and ex vivo absorption[J]. Food Chemistry, 2020, 319: 126514., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850140894144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAARS A, OOSTING A, ENGELS E, et al. Milk fat globule membrane coating of large lipid droplets in the diet of young mice prevents body fat accumulation in adulthood[J]. Br J Nutr, 2016, 115(11): 1930−1937., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850216391617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MALDONADO-VALDERRAMA J, WILDE P, MACIERZANKA A, et al. The role of bile salts in digestion[J]. Advances in Colloid & Interface Science, 2011, 165(1): 36−46., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850270917570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SINGH H, GALLIER S. Nature's complex emulsion: The fat globules of milk[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2017, 68: 81−89., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850325443523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG X, QI B, XIE F, et al. Emulsion stability and dilatational rheological properties of soy/whey protein isolate complexes at the oil-water interface: Influence of pH[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2021, 113: 106391., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850388358084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU F, CHEN F, PU Y, et al. Effects of soy lecithin concentration on the physicochemical properties of whey protein isolate, casein-stabilised simulated infant formula emulsion and their corresponding microcapsules[J]. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2022, 75(3): 513−526., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850447078341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HERNÁNDEZ-OLIVAS E, ASENSIO-GRAU A, CALVO-LERMA J, et al. Impact of refrigeration and freezing-thawing of breast milk on in vitro digestibility and liposoluble vitamin bioaccessibility in breast-fed infants[J]. LWT, 2023, 187(1): 115348., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850509992902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JUKKOLA A, PARTANEN R, XIANG W, et al. Food emulsifiers based on milk fat globule membranes and their interactions with calcium and casein phosphoproteins[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2019, 94: 30−37., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850577101767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MUN S, DECKER E A, PARK Y, et al. Influence of interfacial composition on in vitro digestibility of emulsified lipids: Potential mechanism for chitosan's ability to inhibit fat digestion[J]. Food Biophysics, 2006, 1(1): 21−29., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850631627720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU L, LIN S, MA S, et al. A comparative analysis of lipid digestion in human milk and infant formulas based on simulated in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion[J]. Foods, 2022, 11(2): 200., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850711319497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈冲, 张宁, 任怡镁, 等. 酪蛋白凝胶颗粒对水包油型乳液稳定性及体外消化的影响[J]. 中国食品学报, 2020, 20(9): 8. [CHEN Chong, ZHANG Ning, REN Yimei, et al. Effect of casein gel particles on stability and in vitro digestion of oil-in-water emulsions[J]. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 20(9): 8.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850778428362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Chong, ZHANG Ning, REN Yimei, et al. Effect of casein gel particles on stability and in vitro digestion of oil-in-water emulsions[J]. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 20(9): 8., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850849731531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NGUYEN T T P, BHANDARI B, CICHERO J, et al. Gastrointestinal digestion of dairy and soy proteins in infant formulas: An in vitro study[J]. Food Research International, 2015, 76(3): 348−358., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850912646092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN Y, MA S, LIU Y, et al. Changes in interfacial composition and structure of milk fat globules are crucial regulating lipid digestion in simulated in-vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2023, 134: 108003., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882850979754957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Y, HU M, MCCLEMENTS D J. Factors affecting lipase digestibility of emulsified lipids using an in vitro digestion model: Proposal for a standardised pH-stat method[J]. Food Chemistry, 2011, 126(2): 498−505., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882851051058126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WENG J, LIN R, JIANG C, et al. O/W emulsion stabilized by bovine milk phospholipid-protein nanoemulsions: Preparation, stability, and in vitro digestion[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(17): 5003−5012., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882851122361295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BOURLIEU C, MÉNARD O, de LA CHEVASNERIE A, et al. The structure of infant formulas impacts their lipolysis, proteolysis and disintegration during in vitro gastric digestion[J]. Food Chemistry, 2015, 182: 224−235., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882851202053072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=44, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BOURLIEU C, MAHDOUENI W, PABOEUF G, et al. Physico-chemical behaviors of human and bovine milk membrane extracts and their influence on gastric lipase adsorption[J]. Biochimie, 2020, 169: 95−105., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882851273356241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VERGARA D, LÓPEZ O, BUSTAMANTE M, et al. An in vitro digestion study of encapsulated lactoferrin in rapeseed phospholipid-based liposomes[J]. Food Chemistry, 2020, 321: 126717., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882851340465106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=46, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU L, ZHANG X, LIU Y, et al. Simulated in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion of infant formulas containing different fat sources and human milk: Differences in lipid profiling and free fatty acid release[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(24): 6799−6809., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882851420156883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=47, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NI X, ZHANG Z, DENG Z, et al. Optimizing ARA and DHA in infant formula: A systematic review of global trends, regional disparities, and considerations for precision nutrition[J]. Food Research International, 2024, 182: 114049., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882851478877140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=48, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YEN C-L E, NELSON D W, YEN M-I. Intestinal triacylglycerol synthesis in fat absorption and systemic energy metabolism[J]. Journal of Lipid Research, 2015, 56(3): 489−501., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320882846718342032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Particle size distribution during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion, figureFileSmall=I2Lms2rtLRjhayQavRfVjw==, figureFileBig=vJBS5L2MWAVtQqemJBSDTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882846777062289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=图1, caption=模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中的粒径分布

注:(a)(b)(c)和(d)分别表示市售IF1、IF2、FE和HM在体外消化过程中的粒径分布;G0、G30、G60、I60和I120分别表示体外消化前、胃消化30 min和60 min、肠消化60 min和120 min。

, figureFileSmall=I2Lms2rtLRjhayQavRfVjw==, figureFileBig=vJBS5L2MWAVtQqemJBSDTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882846961611666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Changes in zeta potential during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion, figureFileSmall=3cTRNCfWxaIFxHP+x4t8Mg==, figureFileBig=TJgzUvtHgmqUIccRJ6vbOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847024526227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=图2, caption=模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中电位的变化

注:G0、G30、G60、I60和I120分别表示体外消化前、胃消化30 min和60 min、肠消化60 min和120 min;不同字母表示组间样品之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=3cTRNCfWxaIFxHP+x4t8Mg==, figureFileBig=TJgzUvtHgmqUIccRJ6vbOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847112606612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Changes of microstructure during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion, figureFileSmall=MdCXgsQiFo1Ia4ve8Y+thA==, figureFileBig=IBa32OAnIVTkY5tmcUb07Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847175521173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=图3, caption=模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中微观结构的变化

注:图(a)表示样品在消化过程中甘油三酯和蛋白质的变化,其中甘油三酯被标记为绿色,蛋白质被标记为红色;图(b)表示样品在消化过程中磷脂的变化,磷脂被标记为红色;G0、G30、G60、I60和I120分别表示体外消化前、胃消化30 min和60 min、肠消化60 min和120 min。

, figureFileSmall=MdCXgsQiFo1Ia4ve8Y+thA==, figureFileBig=IBa32OAnIVTkY5tmcUb07Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847251018646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Changes of interface proteins during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion, figureFileSmall=gSjLO9B2fJX68M7REolk3g==, figureFileBig=d45OlbxjHGRXnDuaB5yA5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847313933207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=图4, caption=模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中界面蛋白的变化

注:G0、G30、G60、I60和I120分别表示体外消化前、胃消化30 min和60 min、肠消化60 min和120 min。

, figureFileSmall=gSjLO9B2fJX68M7REolk3g==, figureFileBig=d45OlbxjHGRXnDuaB5yA5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847397819288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Lipolysis and free fatty acid release during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion, figureFileSmall=L5X9Wh1zKSeQTBXBq9zrSQ==, figureFileBig=+DAo35vYpQdllCS40DmIVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847464928153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=图5, caption=模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中的脂解度和游离脂肪酸释放量

注:0~60 min表示胃消化阶段,60~180 min表示肠消化阶段,不同字母表示组间样品之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=L5X9Wh1zKSeQTBXBq9zrSQ==, figureFileBig=+DAo35vYpQdllCS40DmIVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847532037018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Composition and content of free fatty acids released during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion, figureFileSmall=YFHoHnou3LqUkmXqDMLfew==, figureFileBig=LbumNvB6cWOTgPkAGSACUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847594951579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=图6, caption=模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中释放的游离脂肪酸的组成及含量

注:(a)和(b)分别表示胃消化结束和肠消化结束时释放的游离脂肪酸的组成,不同字母表示组间样品之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=YFHoHnou3LqUkmXqDMLfew==, figureFileBig=LbumNvB6cWOTgPkAGSACUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847670449052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=PCA of free fatty acids released during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion, figureFileSmall=FWcOzj6bM/5Hh1YkY6fA2w==, figureFileBig=es2uy3v/USJlJj8XztrwvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847745946525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=图7, caption=模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中释放的游离脂肪酸PCA

注:(a)和(b)分别表示胃消化结束和肠消化结束时释放的游离脂肪酸的PCA。

, figureFileSmall=FWcOzj6bM/5Hh1YkY6fA2w==, figureFileBig=es2uy3v/USJlJj8XztrwvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882847838221214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Infant digestion parameters, simulated gastric fluid, and simulated intestinal fluid composition in an in vitro digestion models

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
消化参数胃消化期肠消化期
消化时间(min)60120
pH5.36.6
所需酶活性(U/mL)胃脂肪酶(19.00)胰蛋白酶(16.00)
胃蛋白酶(268.00)胰脂酶(90.00)
胆盐浓度(mmol/g)胆盐(3.10)
模拟胃液(SGF,mmol/L)NaCl(94)
KCl(13)
模拟肠液(SIF,mmol/L)NaCl(164)
KCl(10)
NaHCO3(85)
CaCl2(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1320882847913718687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

体外消化模型中婴儿消化参数、模拟胃液(SGF)、模拟肠液(SIF)组成

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
消化参数胃消化期肠消化期
消化时间(min)60120
pH5.36.6
所需酶活性(U/mL)胃脂肪酶(19.00)胰蛋白酶(16.00)
胃蛋白酶(268.00)胰脂酶(90.00)
胆盐浓度(mmol/g)胆盐(3.10)
模拟胃液(SGF,mmol/L)NaCl(94)
KCl(13)
模拟肠液(SIF,mmol/L)NaCl(164)
KCl(10)
NaHCO3(85)
CaCl2(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1320882847964050336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Average particle size during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品消化阶段
G0G30G60I60I120
IF1(μm)0.35±0.01c14.75±0.87b25.62±1.80b9.17±1.04d5.12±0.28d
IF2(μm)0.39±0.01c22.98±0.70a33.79±2.62a15.00±0.19c8.80±0.99c
FE(μm)3.28±0.24b11.78±0.29c20.87±1.50c26.64±1.67b11.40±1.13b
HM(μm)4.24±0.31a9.21±0.97d13.93±0.58d29.03±1.22a13.88±1.01a
), ArticleFig(id=1320882848031159201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

模拟体外婴儿胃肠消化过程中的平均粒径

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品消化阶段
G0G30G60I60I120
IF1(μm)0.35±0.01c14.75±0.87b25.62±1.80b9.17±1.04d5.12±0.28d
IF2(μm)0.39±0.01c22.98±0.70a33.79±2.62a15.00±0.19c8.80±0.99c
FE(μm)3.28±0.24b11.78±0.29c20.87±1.50c26.64±1.67b11.40±1.13b
HM(μm)4.24±0.31a9.21±0.97d13.93±0.58d29.03±1.22a13.88±1.01a
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1260987317930967064, delFlag=0, nameCn=食品工业科技, nameEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1002-0306, eissn=null, cn=11-1759/TS, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1778572404609, updatedTime=1788949639446, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Agriculture, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Agriculture, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, picEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304512595617145106, language=CN, name=食品工业科技, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949639467, updatedTime=1788949639467, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304512595688448275, language=EN, name=Science and Technology of Food Industry, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949639484, updatedTime=1788949639484, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://spkj.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorB2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1260987677001138203, websiteList=[Website(id=1260990269093196609, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1778573108218, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573937722, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=食品工业科技, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993882188333840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573969647, updateTime=1778573969647, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881970230029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573969595, updateTime=1778573969595, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882259637011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969664, updateTime=1778573969664, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993881940869900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573969588, updateTime=1778573969588, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882284802837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969670, updateTime=1778573969670, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882175750927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1778573969644, updateTime=1778573969644, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882276414228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573969668, updateTime=1778573969668, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882049921806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1778573969614, updateTime=1778573969614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882196722449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573969649, updateTime=1778573969649, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993882234471186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269093196609, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573969658, updateTime=1778573969658, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1260990269265163062, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1260987677001138203, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1778573108259, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1778573934408, updateBy=18614031015, name=食品工业科技-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science and Technology of Food Industry, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1260993842489246463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1778573960182, updateTime=1778573960182, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842438914812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1778573960170, updateTime=1778573960170, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842510217986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960187, updateTime=1778573960187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842430526203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic?fileId=m5/V/nQKn3zR0EIDYaiOEA==, createTime=1778573960168, updateTime=1778573960168, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842531189508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960192, updateTime=1778573960192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842476663550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1778573960179, updateTime=1778573960179, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842522800899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1778573960190, updateTime=1778573960190, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842447303421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1778573960172, updateTime=1778573960172, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842497635072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1778573960184, updateTime=1778573960184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1260993842506023681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1260990269265163062, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1778573960186, updateTime=1778573960186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=食品工业科技, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.spgykj.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science and Technology of Food Industry, journalPhotoCn=pHKBTDK6IiDT2yQZYevC/g==, journalPhotoEn=k9cXIKW0r+dhvmYbf8WDQQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/EN/PDF/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1785513600000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
乳脂肪球膜磷脂的添加对婴儿配方奶粉乳液体外消化特性的影响
收藏切换
PDF下载
张子怡 , 赵艳洁 , 刘璐 , 李壑 , 张秀秀 * , 李晓东
食品工业科技 | 营养与保健 2026,47(15): 451-461
收起
收藏切换
食品工业科技 |营养与保健 2026 , 47 (15) : 451 -461
乳脂肪球膜磷脂的添加对婴儿配方奶粉乳液体外消化特性的影响
全屏
[Author(id=1320882844763796329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=1264278263@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882844835099499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844763796329, language=EN, stringName=Ziyi ZHANG, firstName=Ziyi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882844902208364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844763796329, language=CN, stringName=张子怡, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio={"content":"

张子怡(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张子怡(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882844965122926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845040620400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844965122926, language=EN, stringName=Yanjie ZHAO, firstName=Yanjie, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845107729265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882844965122926, language=CN, stringName=赵艳洁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845170643827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845237752693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845170643827, language=EN, stringName=Lu LIU, firstName=Lu, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845300667254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845170643827, language=CN, stringName=刘璐, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845367776120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845455856506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845367776120, language=EN, stringName=He LI, firstName=He, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845514576763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845367776120, language=CN, stringName=李壑, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845581685629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhangxiuxiu4284@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845652988799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845581685629, language=EN, stringName=Xiuxiu ZHANG, firstName=Xiuxiu, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845724291968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845581685629, language=CN, stringName=张秀秀, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])]), Author(id=1320882845787206530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845862704004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845787206530, language=EN, stringName=Xiaodong LI, firstName=Xiaodong, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320882845917229957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, authorId=1320882845787206530, language=CN, stringName=李晓东, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882844675715941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844684104550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882844692493159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882842784084820, companyId=1320882844675715941, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030)])])]
张子怡 , 赵艳洁, 刘璐, 李壑, 张秀秀* , 李晓东
作者信息
  • 东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030
通讯作者:
张秀秀(1991−),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:。
作者简介:

张子怡(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:

Impact of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Phospholipids Addition on the in Vitro Digestion Characteristics of Infant Formula Emulsions
Ziyi ZHANG , Yanjie ZHAO, Lu LIU, He LI, Xiuxiu ZHANG* , Xiaodong LI
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
出版时间: 2026-08-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104
文章导航
收藏切换

乳脂肪球膜(Milk Fat Globule Membrane,MFGM)是乳中重要活性成分,因其健康效应已被应用到婴儿配方奶粉(以下简称婴配粉)中。前期研究发现,当MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白以最佳比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)添加时,婴配粉乳液的物理和乳化稳定性更佳,但其消化特性尚未展开研究。因此,本研究以母乳(Human Milk,HM)、市售含MFGM婴配粉(IF1,MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白≠5:10)和不含MFGM婴配粉(IF2)作为对照,旨在探讨MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白最佳添加比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)对婴配粉乳液体外消化特性的影响。结果表明,以此比例添加的婴儿配方奶粉乳液(Infant Formula Emulsion,FE)在体外消化过程中表现出与HM相似的粒径变化(平均粒径3.28±0.24 μm,HM平均粒径4.24±0.31 μm)、电位变化(整体的电位值呈下降趋势)和微观结构变化(均有完整的脂肪球和磷脂环结构),且游离脂肪酸组成与含量的分布趋势与HM最为接近,其脂解程度(81.46%±0.75%)也更接近HM(85.49%±1.89%),优于市售IF1(75.35%±1.17%)和IF2(73.47%±1.28%)。综上,以此条件制备的婴儿配方奶粉乳液展现出与母乳更为相似的体外消化特性,本研究可为婴儿配方奶粉中MFGM的母乳化构建提供理论依据。

乳脂肪球膜磷脂  /  婴儿配方奶粉  /  体外消化  /  脂解动力学  /  母乳化

Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a key bioactive component in milk, incorporated into infant formula due to its health benefits. Previous studies have found that adding MFGM phospholipids to whey protein at an optimal ratio (MFGM phospholipids:whey protein=5:10) enhances the physical and emulsifying stability of infant formula emulsions. However, its digestive characteristics remain unexplored. Consequently, this study employed human milk (HM), a commercial MFGM-containing infant formula (IF1, MFGM phospholipid:whey protein≠5:10), and a commercial MFGM-free infant formula (IF2) as controls. The objective was to investigate the effect of the optimal MFGM phospholipids-to-whey protein ratio (MFGM phospholipid:whey protein=5:10) on the in vitro digestive characteristics of infant formula emulsions. Results indicated that infant formula emulsion (FE) supplemented with this ratio exhibited particle size changes (mean particle size 3.28±0.24 μm; HM mean particle size 4.24±0.31 μm), potential changes (overall decreasing potential trend), and microstructural alterations (both exhibiting intact fat globules and phospholipid ring structures). Furthermore, the distribution trends of free fatty acid composition and content were closest to HM, and its degree of lipolysis (81.46%±0.75%) was also closer to HM (85.49%±1.89%), surpassing commercial IF1 (75.35%±1.17%) and IF2 (73.47%±1.28%). In summary, the FE prepared under these conditions exhibits in vitro digestive characteristics more similar to HM. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the humanization of MFGM in infant formula.

MFGM phospholipids  /  infant formula  /  in vitro digestion  /  lipolysis kinetics  /  humanization
张子怡, 赵艳洁, 刘璐, 李壑, 张秀秀, 李晓东. 乳脂肪球膜磷脂的添加对婴儿配方奶粉乳液体外消化特性的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (15) : 451 -461 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104
Ziyi ZHANG, Yanjie ZHAO, Lu LIU, He LI, Xiuxiu ZHANG, Xiaodong LI. Impact of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Phospholipids Addition on the in Vitro Digestion Characteristics of Infant Formula Emulsions[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (15) : 451 -461 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104
母乳(Human Milk,HM)中的脂肪以乳脂肪球(Milk Fat Globule,MFG)的形式存在,可为婴儿提供大约50%的能量,是婴儿的最佳营养来源,其内核主要是甘油三酯(Triacylglycerol,TAG),含量占总脂质的98%以上,其余主要由二酰基甘油酯、单酰基甘油酯、游离脂肪酸、磷脂和胆固醇组成[1]。MFG外面由10~20 nm厚三层膜结构的乳脂肪球膜(Milk Fat Globule Membrane,MFGM)包裹,保护MFG不被酶分解、氧化或发生聚集[2]。这种特殊结构不仅影响着婴儿的短期成长,还对其生长发育、代谢健康等具有长期益处[3]。HM喂养不能实现时,婴儿配方奶粉(以下简称婴配粉)已经成为HM的最佳替代品。然而,在婴配粉生产过程中,由于灭菌、均质和其他加工方法,脂肪滴可能会破裂,脂滴表面主要被乳清蛋白和酪蛋白包裹,导致缺乏完整的MFGM结构,影响脂质消化造成婴幼儿生长和机体代谢的改变,进而引起儿童成长后期肥胖等问题[4−5]。
近年来,人们越来越关注MFGM的功能及其在模拟HM脂肪结构中的关键作用。有研究表明MFGM具有维持乳液脂肪球稳定、促进脂质消化吸收、调节免疫、支持神经发育及维护肠道健康等多重功能特性[6]。因此为精细化追求模拟HM的MFGM结构,市面上常见的婴配粉多使用大豆卵磷脂和蛋黄卵磷脂对MFGM上的磷脂进行模拟,但发现脂滴仍会被酪蛋白胶束和乳清蛋白不同程度地包裹,阻碍婴儿对脂质的消化吸收[7]。有研究证实MFGM的加入提高了婴配粉中MFG的稳定性[8−9],降低了婴儿的传染性发病率,并对炎症、脂肪堆积等行为调节产生有益影响[10]。由此,研究人员意识到将从牛乳、酪乳或酪乳粉中提取的MFGM添加到IF中是改善MFG结构和稳定性的新策略。
已有研究表明,脂肪球界面上各物质的组成及相互作用等因素会影响物质的吸附顺序,调节脂肪酶的活性及作用位点,进而影响体系稳定性及脂质消化[11]。王鑫等[12]研究表明,MFGM与乳清蛋白可以通过界面吸附与分子互作形成复合膜结构,乳清蛋白可填补MFGM在加工中缺失的膜蛋白位点,通过静电引力与疏水作用增强脂肪球体系稳定性。Yu等[13]研究结果表明,MFGM与蛋黄卵磷脂的比例为1:1时,乳液具有最高的包封率和物理稳定性、更大的粒径和最均匀的分布。此外,有研究通过添加不同比例的MFGM和乳磷脂改善了婴配粉乳液的理化性质,且当MFGM和乳磷脂比例为1:3时,婴配粉乳液的乳化活性指数和乳化稳定性指数最大[14]。Pan等[15]发现在均质过程中改变MFGM和乳蛋白的添加顺序可以调节婴配粉乳液的脂滴界面,在均质前加入MFGM,均质后加入乳蛋白时,观察到脂滴的界面磷脂载量最高,界面组成和结构与母乳更相似。因此,进一步考虑MFGM与乳蛋白的比例及其在婴配粉乳液系统中的影响也是至关重要的。团队基于模拟HM的MFG结构角度,研究了不同比例的MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白的相互作用及对模拟HM的MFG乳液结构、乳化性、稳定性等理化性质的综合影响,发现MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白的相互作用会显著改变乳清蛋白的二级结构(α-螺旋减少、β-折叠增加)和三级结构(色氨酸荧光淬灭),而5:10的比例能让二者形成致密且电荷分布均匀的界面保护层。此时乳液的粒径较小,电位绝对值最高,稳定性常数最小,乳化稳定性指数最好达到167.77±2.51 min,表明乳液具有较好的稳定性,与HM更加相似[16]。因MFG界面的组成、结构及脂滴大小等因素也会显著影响婴儿的消化吸收[5],所以继续探讨最佳添加比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)婴配粉乳液的消化特性也是必要的。
因此,本研究以HM和两款市售IF(分别含有MFGM磷脂和大豆卵磷脂)作为对照,以MFGM磷脂、乳清蛋白(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)、酪蛋白、乳糖及复合植物油为基础原料制备婴儿配方奶粉乳液(Infant Formula Emulsion,FE),根据婴儿胃肠道特点建立体外消化模型,以体外消化过程中FE的粒径、电位变化、絮凝情况、界面蛋白变化、脂解动力学以及游离脂肪酸组成等为考察指标评价最佳添加比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)下FE与HM的消化相似性,为婴配粉的优化发展提供理论依据。
成熟期母乳(Human Milk,HM,n=10) 河北省年龄24~30岁身体健康、无不良嗜好的哺乳期女性志愿者提供,已签署知情同意书;酪乳粉 新西兰恒天然集团;棕榈油、椰子油、大豆油、玉米油、菜籽油、葵花籽油(均为食品级) 中国哈尔滨市当地超市;乳清蛋白粉WPC80(含MFGM蛋白)、酪蛋白(均为食品级) 西安国豪生物有限公司;乳糖(食品级) 山东雷珏生物科技有限公司;添加MFGM的植物油基婴儿配方奶粉(Infant Formula 1,IF1,磷脂来源为MFGM磷脂;MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白≠5:10)、不添加MFGM的植物油基婴儿配方奶粉(Infant Formula 2,IF2,磷脂来源为大豆卵磷脂) 国内某品牌(均为一段0~6月);氯仿、甲醇、正己烷、石油醚(均为色谱纯级) 天津星马克科技发展有限公司;快绿(Fast Green,FCF)、尼罗红染色剂(Nile Red,NR)、N-(利萨明罗丹明 B 磺酰)二油酸磷脂酰乙醇胺(Rd-DOPE)、胃脂肪酶(30 U/mg) 西格玛奥德里奇贸易有限公司;蛋白分子量标记物(PR1930)、胰蛋白酶(250 U/mg) 北京索莱宝科技有限公司;胰脂肪酶(30 U/mg)、37种脂肪酸甲酯标准品 上海源叶生物科技有限公司;胃蛋白酶(3000 U/mg) 西安康诺化工有限公司;牛胆盐(0.67 mmol/mg) 上海研生实业有限公司;其他试剂(均为分析纯级) 国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
Nano ZS 90粒径和电位分析仪 英国马尔文公司;Deltavision OMX SR超高显微镜 美国GE公司;UV-2600紫外可见分光光度计 岛津仪器有限公司;BX53科研级正置显微成像系统 奥林巴斯(中国)有限公司;MARS40旋转流变仪 美国Thermo公司;DYY-6C电泳仪 北京六一生物科技有限公司;AB SCIEX TRIPIETOF 5600四级杆飞行时间串联质谱检测器 美国AB sciex公司;Agilent 8890-7000D三重四级杆气质联用仪 安捷伦公司;H1750R台式高速冷冻离心机 湘仪离心机仪器有限公司;IKA digital T18 ULTRA-TURRAX剪切机 艾卡仪器设备有限公司;SPCH-10高压均质机 英国ATS公司。
MFGM的提取参考Lu等[17]的方法并进行适当的调整,将5 g酪乳粉溶于100 mL去离子水中,磁力搅拌1 h以重建酪乳,并用柠檬酸钠(20 mg/mL)进行解离,在4 ℃下冷藏过夜,以确保其充分水合。然后将溶液在离心力4750×g的条件下离心两次,每次20 min,获取乳脂肪层。将离心得到的脂肪层与等体积磷酸盐缓冲液(0.1 mol/L,pH6.8)混合并缓慢搅拌15 min,随后以1500 r/min离心10 min后去除水相杂质(含酪蛋白及乳清蛋白)。重复上述PBS洗涤程序3次后采用超纯水冲洗,然后继续离心1 h(4 ℃,12000×g),收集沉淀即得MFGM。MFGM磷脂的提取参考Liu等[18]的方法并进行修改,取MFGM样品与4倍体积的氯仿/甲醇(2:1,v/v)混合,并在4750×g下离心10 min,经过0.45 μm膜过滤的氯仿层在7100×g的条件下离心10 min,提取的脂质在60 ℃下蒸发干燥,然后在冷丙酮中溶解,收集沉淀物并在氯仿中溶解,干燥后得到MFGM磷脂。
婴儿配方奶粉乳液(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10,Infant Formula Emulsion,FE)的配方参考本团队研究成果[16]和Drapala等[19]报道的方法,使最终婴儿配方奶粉乳液中的蛋白质(乳清蛋白:酪蛋白=6:4)、油和碳水化合物含量分别为1.55、3.50和7.00 g/100 mL。首先,在Zhao等[16]的研究基础上,将MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白以最佳比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)混合,加入酪蛋白(0.62 g/100 mL)和乳糖(7.00 g/100 mL)后于25 ℃的条件下搅拌过夜以确保其完全水合。用1 mol/L NaOH调节pH至6.8。将复合植物油(棕榈油(25%,w/w)、椰子油(25%,w/w)、大豆油(15%,w/w)、玉米油(15%,w/w)、菜籽油(10%,w/w)和葵花籽油(10%,w/w))按1:9的比例加入以上复合溶液中。IKA剪切机在8000 r/min下处理10 min,并用高压均质机在20 MPa下处理2次,以得到FE,并将所得乳液pH调节至6.8。
为了更好地模拟婴儿胃肠道消化,建立了静态婴儿体外消化模型[20−21],使其pH、酶活性及浓度与婴儿的消化系统更加接近,婴儿消化参数、模拟胃液(SGF)、模拟肠液(SIF)组成见表1。
模拟胃消化阶段:取25.2 mL待消化乳液(IF1、IF2、FE、HM)于37 ℃预热10 min,然后加入14.8 mL已预热的SGF,调整体系pH至5.3并在37 ℃保持10 min。加入胃脂肪酶(30 U/mg)和胃蛋白酶(3000 U/mg)于37 ℃反应,用0.1 mol/L的NaOH滴定使体系的pH保持在5.3。定期于体外消化前(G0)、胃消化30 min(G30)、胃消化60 min(G60)取出部分样品以备后期分析。消化60 min后,加入1 mol/L NaOH将pH提高到7.0终止胃消化。
模拟肠消化阶段:取27.2 mL上述胃消化产物与12.8 mL SIF混合,加入0.1 mol/L的NaOH使体系pH保持在6.6。加入胰蛋白酶(250 U/mg)、胰脂肪酶(30 U/mg)、胆盐(1.33 mmol/g)于37 ℃条件下反应以模拟肠消化,定期于肠消化60 min(I60)、肠消化120 min(I120)取出部分样品以备后期分析。消化2 h后沸水浴灭酶,终止反应。
使用激光粒度分析仪和Zeta电位仪测定消化过程中乳液的粒径和电位变化。将样品稀释100倍后用于检测,整个检测过程在25 ℃下进行。
根据Sun等[22]的方法使用超高分辨显微镜对乳液中的脂质和蛋白质进行观察,并稍作调整。使用浓度为1 mg/mL(氯仿配制)的Rd-DOPE标记油水界面的磷脂,浓度为1 mg/mL(超纯水)的FCF标记液滴界面的蛋白质,浓度为42 μg/mL(乙醇配制)的NR标记中性脂质。将25 μL Rd-DOPE与200 μL样品混合,100 μL NR和250 μL FCF与0.5 mL样品混合,将混合样品置于室温黑暗中保存1 h。取7 μL混合物至载玻片上,盖玻片边缘涂上指甲油,以防止样品干燥,在25 ℃下进行观察。以上三种染色剂对应的激发波长分别为568、488和639 nm。
界面蛋白的提取参考之前文献中报道的方法并稍加修改[23]。取40 mL样品分别放入50 mL离心管中,于4 ℃的条件下以9000×g的速度离心20 min。离心完成后,使用注射器去除下层血清相,保留上层奶油相并用超声波处理15 min,然后使其在45 ℃的热水浴中融化,再以3500×g离心10 min,丢弃上层油相,同时将下层与氯仿-甲醇(2:1,v/v)混合。最后,将混合物在3500×g下离心10 min,中间层包含界面蛋白,采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行分析。
模拟体外消化过程中的脂解度(Lipolysis Degree,LD)测定采用先前报道的方法[24]。LD以甘油三酯中初始酯化的总酰基部分释放的游离脂肪酸的比例计算,使用pH-stat滴定法测定,公式如下:
$ \rm LD({\text{%}})=\frac{FFA\times M{M}_{eq}}{FC\times V\times 2}\times 100 $
式中,MMeq表示乳液的平均甘油三酯摩尔质量(790 g/mol),FFA、FC、V分别为游离脂肪酸(mol)、脂肪浓度(0.035 g/mL)、乳液体积(mL)。
游离脂肪酸(Free Fatty Acid,FFA)释放量通过乳液在胃肠道消化过程中维持pH不变所消耗的NaOH的体积来计算,使用pH-stat滴定法测定,公式如下:
$\rm {M}_{\text{FFA}}=\frac{{V}_{\text{NaOH}}\times {C}_{\text{NaOH}}\times 1000}{V} $
式中,MFFA为单位体积乳液释放的脂肪酸含量(μmol/mL),VNaOH为消耗NaOH溶液的体积(mL),CNaOH为NaOH溶液的摩尔浓度(0.1 mol/L),V为消化乳液的体积(mL)。
参考Yu等[20]的方法对乳液消化后的游离脂肪酸组成进行分析。将胃肠消化后样品中的脂肪溶于氯仿(20 mg/mL),向活化后的萃取柱中加入2 mL脂肪-氯仿溶液,用8 mL的三氯甲烷-异丙醇溶液(2:1,v/v)洗脱中性脂质,取12 mL甲酸-乙醚溶液(甲酸含量为2%)洗脱游离脂肪酸,最后于氮气下吹干。提取的脂肪通过碱催化酯(氢氧化钾-甲醇溶液)交换反应制备脂肪酸甲酯,并使用0.22 μm有机滤膜过滤,采用GC-MS分析。脂肪酸定性通过与37种脂肪酸甲酯混合标准品对比确定,运用面积校正归一化法计算各脂肪酸的相对含量。
GC-MS条件:进样量1 μL,分流比为10:1;色谱柱:DB-5柱(内径60 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm);升温程序:150 °C保持2 min,然后在5 °C下升到250 °C,保持10 min;氦气作载气,流速1.0 mL/min;电子轰击电离源为EI;离子源温度225 °C;SIM扫描模式;电子能量为70 eV,激活电压1.5 V。
所有数据重复3次,用平均值±标准差进行表示,使用Origin 2022进行图表绘制,并利用IBM SPSS Statistics 25进行方差分析,显著水平为0.05,其中,P<0.05表示差异显著。
通常来说,呈单峰分布的乳液脂滴分布更为均匀,物理稳定性较好[25]。如图1和表2所示,在消化开始前,IF1和IF2的粒径均呈现窄的单峰分布,表明二者体系的稳定性较高,平均粒径分别为0.35±0.01 μm和0.39±0.01 μm。FE的粒径也呈现窄的单峰分布,平均粒径为3.28±0.24 μm。HM呈现多峰分布,其峰值分别显示为1.17、4.38和39.6 μm,这可能与在天然HM脂肪中观察到的宽泛粒径范围(0.3~15 μm)有关[26]。HM平均粒径D4,3为4.24±0.31 μm,显著高于制备的FE乳液(P<0.05)。
在模拟胃肠消化过程中,由于pH变化和各消化酶的作用,乳液中的蛋白质和TAG均发生了不同程度的聚集,导致所有样品在体外消化过程中均表现出更大的粒径分布[27]。在胃消化阶段,IF1和IF2的粒径一直增加,并在G60时刻达到最大值(IF1:25.62±1.80 μm;IF2:33.79±2.62 μm),说明乳液在此时的蛋白聚集现象和脂滴絮凝现象最为明显,这是因为模拟婴儿胃环境的低pH接近酪蛋白的等电点(pH4.6),可造成蛋白质的大量聚集和沉淀[28]。且IF1在消化过程中的粒径始终显著小于IF2(P<0.05),可能是因为IF1中添加的MFGM上所带负电荷的极性脂质(磷脂酰肌醇与磷脂酰丝氨酸)对脂肪酶具有较高的吸附能力,使脂肪酶更容易与MFGM的液态无序区结合,促进脂质消化,减轻了脂滴的絮凝[29]。而FE在G30和G60阶段均呈现双峰分布,粒径大于HM并显著小于IF1和IF2(P<0.05),可能是添加的MFGM磷脂作为乳化剂使脂滴均一地分散在体系中,且修饰了脂滴界面,增强低pH下脂滴的界面稳定性,减少其大规模聚集,最终促成相对小的整体粒径。HM中脂肪球的粒径变化程度较小,G60时达到最大值为13.93±0.58 μm,与前三者变化程度不同。
进入肠消化阶段后,IF1和IF2的粒径不断减小且显著小于FE和HM的粒径(P<0.05),这与Yu等[20]研究发现相同。FE的粒径先显著增大,并于I60阶段显示出最大的平均粒径,为26.64±1.67 μm,到I120时其颗粒尺寸有所减小。颗粒尺寸的减小可能是由于消化产物的表面活性降低,脂滴的界面被表面活性高的胆汁盐包裹,进而形成小颗粒[30]。而随着肠道消化的进行,由于胆汁盐和肠道pH的升高,蛋白质胶束在中性pH下发生解离和分散,导致所有乳液的粒径最终减小到10 μm左右[31]。HM与FE的粒径变化趋势一致,且二者均呈双峰甚至多峰分布,更大的峰面积出现在小粒径区域。
电位间接反映了液滴界面组成的变化,是表征乳状液稳定性的重要指标,其绝对值越大,表示粒子间的静电斥力越大,整个系统越稳定[32]。如图2所示,所有样品的电位均呈现负值,在消化开始之前,IF1和FE的电位显著低于IF2和HM(P<0.05),可能是因为IF1和FE中的MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白之间发生相互作用改变了蛋白质的构象,使更多带有负电荷的氨基酸残基暴露于表面,并且在MFG界面吸附了更多的负电荷,导致了较低的电位值[33]。HM的电位值为−24.13±0.65 mV,显著低于以往报道中新鲜母乳的电位值(−5.85±0.04 mV)[34],而在Liu等[5]的相关报道中,母乳的电位为−39.05±0.54 mV。这些差异可能与HM的采集地点和母亲饮食习惯有关,导致不同研究HM中的pH和离子强度存在差异,进而造成Zeta电位的测定差异[2]。
消化过程中,电位的显著变化反映了MFG界面成分及结构的不断变化。在胃消化初期,随着消化的进行,IF1和IF2电位的绝对值有降低的趋势,考虑到IF的生产过程,推测为酪蛋白聚集覆盖了MFG导致静电屏蔽[35]。而FE和HM电位的绝对值整体有升高的趋势,应是MFGM磷脂中的负电荷粒子逐渐释放并吸附于MFG界面,使其负电荷量增加所导致。直到G60阶段,各样品电位的绝对值均有增加的趋势(除了IF1)。进入肠消化阶段后,胆盐的加入与界面磷脂及蛋白质形成竞争性吸附,从而形成了磷脂-胆盐复合界面,而胆盐在肠液环境中含有更高的负电荷,导致所有样品的电位绝对值大幅度升高[30,36]。与此同时,胰脂肪酶分解磷脂和TAG产生了带负电荷的游离脂肪酸并附着于油水界面处,进一步使电位的绝对值升高[20],所以,很明显观察到肠消化阶段所有样品的电位绝对值显著高于胃消化阶段(P<0.05)。因此从整个体外消化过程中来看,FE与HM的电位变化趋势呈现显著的相似性。
MFG界面物质分配及结构显著影响脂肪酶的活性并对脂质分解产生影响,IF1、IF2、FE和HM在体外消化过程中微观结构的变化如图3所示。在体外消化开始之前,IF中大部分MFG单独存在于体系中,只有部分MFG表面有蛋白质存在,且磷脂未成环(如图3(a)和图3(b)A1中箭头所示)。FE和HM中有完整的MFG结构,其界面处有蛋白质包裹(如图3(a)D1和C1中箭头所示),并在图3(b)D1和C1中发现有大量均匀分布的磷脂环存在。FE和HM的MFG大小与磷脂环直径显著大于IF1和IF2,与2.1(图1和表2)中粒径结果一致。
进入胃消化阶段之后,IF1和IF2的MFG微观结构变化最明显,在低pH环境和消化酶作用下,蛋白质聚集,MFG失去界面层的保护而聚集成大脂滴,造成其粒径显著增加。G60阶段观察到大的甘油三酯-蛋白质聚集体,且磷脂在脂肪酶的作用下产生了大面积聚集,表明此时的MFG结构被严重破坏(如图3(a)和(b)A3、B3中箭头所示)。IF1中虽然添加了MFGM成分,但可能因其添加的只是含MFGM的乳清蛋白粉,磷脂纯度极低,经一系列生产工序后,微量磷脂无法有效保护MFG结构,导致MFG界面被破坏[37]。FE始终保持较完整近似球形的脂滴结构及完整的磷脂环结构(如图3(a)和图3(b)C3中箭头所示),说明可能是因为MFG界面的MFGM磷脂疏水尾部嵌入脂肪相,亲水头部结合乳清蛋白极性残基,构建了稳定的“磷脂-蛋白”保护层,有效延缓了脂质消化,使其微观结构变化与HM相似[16]。
进入肠消化阶段以后,IF1和IF2在整个消化过程中始终存在着聚集现象。FE及HM中的MFGM磷脂与蛋白质的相互作用在肠消化过程中逐渐减弱,复合膜在脂肪酶和蛋白酶的作用下被破坏,TAG释放分散,胆盐取代被降解的酪蛋白并吸附于MFG界面,而酪蛋白脱落后与TAG形成了大面积聚集体(如图3(a)D4和C4中箭头所示)[38]。消化进行到120 min时,FE和HM的体系出现了均匀分散的小颗粒,说明多数油脂和蛋白质已基本分解。可见,MFGM磷脂加入后,FE中MFGM磷脂与蛋白形成的保护层很好地保护了MFG结构,从而使体系处于一个较为稳定的状态。
使用SDS-PAGE对IF1、IF2、FE和HM在体外消化过程中的蛋白质组成进行了表征和分析,如图4所示。未消化时所有样品在MFGM蛋白(48~250 kDa)附近均有较深的染色,在胃消化阶段,所有样品的MFGM蛋白在蛋白酶的作用下均显示出不同程度的水解,而IF1在MFGM蛋白处始终呈现较深的染色,说明其添加的MFGM材料中含有较高含量的MFGM蛋白,且如图4所示,IF1的酪蛋白条带在胃消化过程中没有明显的变化。而IF2中的酪蛋白和乳清蛋白在胃消化阶段已基本被消化完全,这可能是由于其MFG界面主要由酪蛋白和乳清蛋白包裹而成,在低pH的条件下,酪蛋白被胃蛋白酶水解导致其从MFG界面处脱落。FE中的酪蛋白在胃消化阶段结束时仍能少量检测到,而HM中酪蛋白的条带在胃消化过程没有明显的变化,Nguyen等[39]也在相关研究中得出了同样的结论。而且由于α-乳清蛋白具有显著抵抗胃消化的消化模式,FE和HM中的乳清蛋白在胃消化阶段几乎未被分解[39]。
进入肠消化阶段之后,在I120时IF2中还可以观察到部分MFGM蛋白条带存留,表明还存在部分蛋白未被消化完全,而IF1、FE和HM中的蛋白条带已基本消失,说明蛋白质被迅速分解,于I120时刻基本被消化完全,Sun等[40]的研究也得到了相似结果。综上,FE在消化过程中的蛋白质水解行为与HM一致,二者胃消化结束阶段有酪蛋白存留且乳清蛋白抵抗胃消化,肠消化阶段蛋白质均被迅速分解并于I120基本消化完全,体现了FE在界面蛋白消化上与HM的显著相似性。
如图5所示,所有样品的游离脂肪酸在胃消化前40 min被迅速释放,脂解度较高,而随后趋于缓慢,这可能是由于迅速释放的游离脂肪酸积聚在MFG界面处抑制了胃脂肪酶发挥作用[41]。在整个胃消化阶段,IF1和IF2的脂解度和游离脂肪酸释放量显著高于FE和HM(P<0.05),这是由于市售IF因生产工艺及低磷脂含量导致产品MFG界面主要由蛋白质包裹,在胃蛋白酶的作用下迅速被分解,导致MFG内部的TAG被快速水解,而HM中的MFG界面主要由MFGM包裹,富含高含量磷脂,包括磷脂酰胆碱(Phosphatidylcholine,PC),磷脂酰乙醇胺(Phosphatidylethanolamine,PE),磷脂酰肌醇(Phosphatidylinositol,PI),磷脂酰丝氨酸(Phosphatidylserine,PS)和鞘磷脂(Sphingomyelin,SM)等,其中SM中的脂肪酸大多是长链饱和脂肪酸,脂肪酸尾部与胆固醇交错填充头部之间的间隙,使之形成了紧密堆积的结构,因此FE和HM中的MFG界面不易被破坏[42]。
进入肠消化阶段以后,从I60(消化时间120 min)开始,IF1和IF2的脂解度及脂肪酸释放量低于FE和HM,表明IF1和IF2的MFG界面由于积聚了胃消化期分解的酪蛋白和乳清蛋白,阻碍脂肪酶进入TAG核心,导致低脂解度和脂肪酸释放量[43]。而FE因前期MFGM磷脂保护,脂肪球结构完整,胆盐能更好地与MFG界面结合,增强脂肪酶吸附,促进TAG分解,使脂解度快速上升并接近HM。由此可见FE和HM的脂质消化存在明显的滞后期,这可归因于MFGM的外侧双层膜上存在一个横向分布组织,为SM和胆固醇组成的液态有序相(也被称为“脂筏”结构),该区域会促进脂肪酶和胆盐与其作用位点吸附结合,进而加速其内部TAG的消化水解[44],且高负电荷的胆汁盐占据MFG界面,吸附脂肪酶的能力增强有利于TAG核心的分解[45]。这一变化趋势由2.2电位变化(图2)中也可看出。
图5(a)、图5(b)可直观看到,在I60以后,FE和HM的脂解程度和游离脂肪酸释放量超过了IF1和IF2。到I120时,所有样品脂解程度排序为:HM>FE>IF1>IF2,其中FE的脂解度达到了81.46%±0.75%,略低于HM(85.49%±1.89%),可见,此比例MFGM磷脂的加入(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)会保护MFG最初的完整结构,使其消化行为更接近于HM。
为明确各个样品的消化行为差异,测定了胃消化和肠消化阶段结束时的脂肪酸组成及相对含量,如图6所示,所有样品在消化期间释放的游离脂肪酸主要包括C16:0、C18:0、C18:1和C18:2。
在胃消化阶段,IF2释放出最多的C16:0和C18:0;HM释放出最高含量的C18:1和C18:2,分别达到了总脂肪酸含量的41.80%±1.50%和26.45%±0.78%,显著高于其它样品(P<0.05),这与Liu等[46]的研究结果一致。
所有样品在肠消化阶段的游离脂肪酸组成与胃消化阶段基本一致。其中,IF1和IF2释放出较高含量的长链饱和脂肪酸,如C16:0和C18:0。此外在IF1和IF2中均发现了微量的在HM消化中未发现的C6:0和C17:0,且中短链脂肪酸如C8:0、C10:0和C12:0均与HM存在显著性差异(P<0.05),这可能与脂芯的植物油基组成有关。与胃消化相比,FE在肠消化结束时表现出更高的C18:1释放量,达到了47.99%±0.88%,表明其C18:1的释放存在滞后性,缩小了与HM的差距(49.71%±0.68%)。油酸(OA,C18:1)作为HM中的重要脂质成分,能为婴儿提供支持日常活动和生长所需能量,并参与构成神经细胞膜,间接促进婴儿大脑和视觉系统的发育;亚油酸(LA,C18:2)是一种可以降低血液胆固醇水平的必需脂肪酸,亚油酸可代谢生成花生四烯酸(ARA,C20:4),这是促进婴儿神经组织和视网膜发育的重要脂质,并在调节免疫反应和炎症反应中发挥关键作用[47]。因此建议注意在商业生产的婴配粉中对二者进行强化,满足婴儿生长和发育的基本需求。
对消化结束后的消化产物中脂肪酸的含量进行对比分析,IF1、IF2、FE和HM在饱和脂肪酸组成上从大到小呈现出:IF1>IF2>HM>FE的趋势,在不饱和脂肪酸组成上从大到小呈现出:HM>FE>IF1>IF2的趋势。从整个胃肠消化过程中来看,FE释放的脂肪酸含量分布趋势与HM最为接近,特别是C18:1和C18:2,而消化产物中的脂肪酸组成会影响婴儿体内进一步的脂质吸收及后期的代谢[48]。
对所有样品胃肠消化后释放的脂肪酸进行了PCA,如图7所示。胃消化后的样品均分布于不同的象限,距离较远且分散,表明市售IF和FE均与HM的脂肪酸组成存在显著性差异,其中如图7(a)所示,IF1和FE因MFGM磷脂的添加使得它们的脂肪酸组成较为接近。如图7(b)所示,第一、二主成分的总贡献率为87.70%,FE与HM虽然分布于不同的象限,但与IF1和IF2相比,FE在PC1和PC2水平上都更接近HM,表明其与HM之间脂肪酸组成上的差异最小,即MFGM磷脂的补充使得FE在消化行为上更加接近于HM。
本研究以HM、市售含MFGM磷脂的IF1及不含MFGM磷脂的IF2为对照,系统探讨了按MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白最佳比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)制备的FE的体外消化特性。结果显示,该比例下FE的消化特性与HM一致,且显著优于两款市售IF。物理特性方面,FE的粒径、电位变化与HM相近,这是因为MFGM磷脂与乳清蛋白会形成界面保护层,在胃消化过程中能减少脂滴聚集、维持体系稳定,而市售IF则易发生絮凝,稳定性较差。微观形态与界面蛋白方面,FE在整个消化过程中可保持完整的脂肪球形态及磷脂环结构,其界面蛋白水解规律也与HM相似,具体表现为胃消化阶段酪蛋白少量存留、乳清蛋白抗胃消化,进入肠消化阶段后两类蛋白均快速分解。脂解动力学与游离脂肪酸组成方面,FE的脂解过程呈现出与HM相似的滞后期特征,其游离脂肪酸分布(尤其是不饱和脂肪酸占比)也更为接近HM,显著优于两款市售IF(其饱和脂肪酸占比偏高)。综上,此比例(MFGM磷脂:乳清蛋白=5:10)下的MFGM磷脂能够有效保护MFG结构,延缓脂质消化,使FE的消化行为更接近HM。本研究为婴配粉MFGM母乳化提供一定实验依据,对推动婴配粉MFGM母乳化进程具有积极意义。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
ANDREAS N J, KAMPMANN B, MEHRING LE-DOARE K. Human breast milk: A review on its composition and bioactivity[J]. Early Human Development, 2015, 91(11): 629−635.
2
MA Q, MA S, ZHAO Y, et al. Interaction between whey protein and soy lecithin and its influence on physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of emulsion: A consideration for mimicking milk fat globule[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 163: 112181.
3
SÁNCHEZ C, FRANCO L, REGAL P, et al. Breast milk: A source of functional compounds with potential application in nutrition and therapy[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(3): 1026.
4
LOPEZ C, CAUTY C, GUYOMARC'H F. Unraveling the complexity of milk fat globules to tailor bioinspired emulsions providing health benefits: The key role played by the biological membrane[J]. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2018, 121(1): 1800201.
5
LIU L, PAN Y, ZHANG X, et al. Effect of particle size and interface composition on the lipid digestion of droplets covered with membrane phospholipids[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(1): 159−169.
6
李晓东, 林爽, 刘璐, 等. 婴儿配方乳粉脂质母乳化的研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(7): 339−348. [LI Xiaodong, LIN Shuang, LIU Lu, et al. Advances in the research on lipid humanization of infant formula milk powder[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(7): 339−348.]
LI Xiaodong, LIN Shuang, LIU Lu, et al. Advances in the research on lipid humanization of infant formula milk powder[J]. Food Science, 2022, 43(7): 339−348.
7
MA Q, SUN M, ZHAO Y, et al. Improving lipid digestion by modulating interfacial structure of fat globule based on milk fat globule membrane and different phospholipids[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 150: 109736.
8
LI B, CHEN Q, MU L, et al. Milk fat globule membrane regulates the physicochemical properties and surface composition of infant formula powders by improving the stability of the emulsion[J]. Food Chemistry, 2024, 440: 137522.
9
WU Z, ZHENG S, YUAN X, et al. Effect of the addition of milk fat globule membrane materials to the construction of fat globule interface in infant formula[J]. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2023, 77(2): 497−509.
10
TIMBY N, DOMELLÖF M, LÖNNERDAL B, et al. Supplementation of infant formula with bovine milk fat globule membranes[J]. Advances in Nutrition, 2017, 8(2): 351−355.
11
REIS P M, RAAB T W, CHUAT J Y, et al. Influence of surfactants on lipase fat digestion in a model gastro-intestinal system[J]. Food Biophys, 2008, 3(4): 370−381.
12
王鑫, 于景华, 赵亭亭, 等. 基于乳脂肪球膜结构以提高液态乳体系的稳定性: 乳脂肪球膜构建机制综述[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(2): 308−316. [WANG Xin, YU Jinghua, ZHAO Tingting, et al. Improving the stability of liquid milk system based on milk fat globule membrane structure: A review on the construction mechanism of milk fat globule membrane[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(2): 308−316.]
WANG Xin, YU Jinghua, ZHAO Tingting, et al. Improving the stability of liquid milk system based on milk fat globule membrane structure: A review on the construction mechanism of milk fat globule membrane[J]. Food Science, 2025, 46(2): 308−316.
13
YU X, ZHAO Y, SUN M, et al. Effects of egg yolk lecithin/milk fat globule membrane material ratio on the structure and stability of oil-in-water emulsions[J]. LWT, 2022, 168: 113891.
14
MA Q, ZHANG X, ZHAO Y, et al. Regulating interfacial structure of fat globules based on milk fat globule membrane with milk phospholipids to improve physicochemical properties and fat digestion of infant formula emulsions[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 157: 110433.
15
PAN Y, LIU S, LI J, et al. Regulating the lipid droplet interface based on milk fat globule membrane and milk proteins to improve lipid digestion of model infant formula emulsion[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 146: 109187.
16
ZHAO Y, LIU L, MA Q, et al. Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) phospholipid-whey protein interaction characterization and its effect on physicochemical, interfacial properties and evaluation of in vitro digestion of emulsions-Inspired by the MFGM[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2024, 155: 110173.
17
LU J, LIU L, PANG X Y, et al. Comparative proteomics of milk fat globule membrane in goat colostrum and mature milk[J]. Food Chemistry, 2016, 209: 10−16.
18
LIU Y, LIU L, LIU S, et al. The influence of MPL addition on structure, interfacial compositions and physicochemical properties on infant formula fat globules[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 168: 112769.
19
DRAPALA K P, MULVIHILL D M, O'MAHONY J A. Improving the oxidative stability of model whey protein hydrolysate-based infant formula emulsions with lecithin[J]. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2018, 71(4): 966−974.
20
YU X, ZHOU W, JIA Z, et al. Interfacial composition in infant formulas powder modulate lipid digestion in simulated in-vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion[J]. Food Research International, 2023, 165: 112553.
21
MÉNARD O, BOURLIEU C, de OLIVEIRA S C, et al. A first step towards a consensus static in vitro model for simulating full-term infant digestion[J]. Food Chemistry, 2018, 240: 338−345.
22
SUN Y, YU X, HUSSAIN M, et al. Influence of milk fat globule membrane and milk protein concentrate treated by ultrasound on the structural and emulsifying stability of mimicking human fat emulsions[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2022, 82: 105881.
23
PAN Y, LIU L, TIAN S, et al. Comparative analysis of interfacial composition and structure of fat globules in human milk and infant formulas[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2022, 124: 107290.
24
LUO J, LIU L, LIU T, et al. Simulated in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion of yak milk fat globules: A comparison with cow milk fat globules[J]. Food Chemistry, 2020, 314: 126160.
25
BERTON-CARABIN C C, SAGIS L, SCHROËN K, et al. Formation, structure, and functionality of interfacial layers in food emulsions[J]. Annual Review of Food Science & Technology, 2018, 9: 551−587.
26
LOPEZ C, MÉNARD O. Human milk fat globules: Polar lipid composition and in situ structural investigations revealing the heterogeneous distribution of proteins and the lateral segregation of sphingomyelin in the biological membrane[J]. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2011, 83(1): 29−41.
27
PINHEIRO A C, LAD M, SILVA H D, et al. Unravelling the behaviour of curcumin nanoemulsions during in vitro digestion: Effect of the surface charge[J]. Soft Matter, 2013, 9(11): 3147−3154.
28
MULET-CABERO A-I, TORCELLO-GÓMEZ A, SAHA S, et al. Impact of caseins and whey proteins ratio and lipid content on in vitro digestion and ex vivo absorption[J]. Food Chemistry, 2020, 319: 126514.
29
BAARS A, OOSTING A, ENGELS E, et al. Milk fat globule membrane coating of large lipid droplets in the diet of young mice prevents body fat accumulation in adulthood[J]. Br J Nutr, 2016, 115(11): 1930−1937.
30
MALDONADO-VALDERRAMA J, WILDE P, MACIERZANKA A, et al. The role of bile salts in digestion[J]. Advances in Colloid & Interface Science, 2011, 165(1): 36−46.
31
SINGH H, GALLIER S. Nature's complex emulsion: The fat globules of milk[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2017, 68: 81−89.
32
ZHANG X, QI B, XIE F, et al. Emulsion stability and dilatational rheological properties of soy/whey protein isolate complexes at the oil-water interface: Influence of pH[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2021, 113: 106391.
33
WU F, CHEN F, PU Y, et al. Effects of soy lecithin concentration on the physicochemical properties of whey protein isolate, casein-stabilised simulated infant formula emulsion and their corresponding microcapsules[J]. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2022, 75(3): 513−526.
34
HERNÁNDEZ-OLIVAS E, ASENSIO-GRAU A, CALVO-LERMA J, et al. Impact of refrigeration and freezing-thawing of breast milk on in vitro digestibility and liposoluble vitamin bioaccessibility in breast-fed infants[J]. LWT, 2023, 187(1): 115348.
35
JUKKOLA A, PARTANEN R, XIANG W, et al. Food emulsifiers based on milk fat globule membranes and their interactions with calcium and casein phosphoproteins[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2019, 94: 30−37.
36
MUN S, DECKER E A, PARK Y, et al. Influence of interfacial composition on in vitro digestibility of emulsified lipids: Potential mechanism for chitosan's ability to inhibit fat digestion[J]. Food Biophysics, 2006, 1(1): 21−29.
37
LIU L, LIN S, MA S, et al. A comparative analysis of lipid digestion in human milk and infant formulas based on simulated in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion[J]. Foods, 2022, 11(2): 200.
38
陈冲, 张宁, 任怡镁, 等. 酪蛋白凝胶颗粒对水包油型乳液稳定性及体外消化的影响[J]. 中国食品学报, 2020, 20(9): 8. [CHEN Chong, ZHANG Ning, REN Yimei, et al. Effect of casein gel particles on stability and in vitro digestion of oil-in-water emulsions[J]. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 20(9): 8.]
CHEN Chong, ZHANG Ning, REN Yimei, et al. Effect of casein gel particles on stability and in vitro digestion of oil-in-water emulsions[J]. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 20(9): 8.
39
NGUYEN T T P, BHANDARI B, CICHERO J, et al. Gastrointestinal digestion of dairy and soy proteins in infant formulas: An in vitro study[J]. Food Research International, 2015, 76(3): 348−358.
40
SUN Y, MA S, LIU Y, et al. Changes in interfacial composition and structure of milk fat globules are crucial regulating lipid digestion in simulated in-vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion[J]. Food Hydrocolloids, 2023, 134: 108003.
41
LI Y, HU M, MCCLEMENTS D J. Factors affecting lipase digestibility of emulsified lipids using an in vitro digestion model: Proposal for a standardised pH-stat method[J]. Food Chemistry, 2011, 126(2): 498−505.
42
WENG J, LIN R, JIANG C, et al. O/W emulsion stabilized by bovine milk phospholipid-protein nanoemulsions: Preparation, stability, and in vitro digestion[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(17): 5003−5012.
43
BOURLIEU C, MÉNARD O, de LA CHEVASNERIE A, et al. The structure of infant formulas impacts their lipolysis, proteolysis and disintegration during in vitro gastric digestion[J]. Food Chemistry, 2015, 182: 224−235.
44
BOURLIEU C, MAHDOUENI W, PABOEUF G, et al. Physico-chemical behaviors of human and bovine milk membrane extracts and their influence on gastric lipase adsorption[J]. Biochimie, 2020, 169: 95−105.
45
VERGARA D, LÓPEZ O, BUSTAMANTE M, et al. An in vitro digestion study of encapsulated lactoferrin in rapeseed phospholipid-based liposomes[J]. Food Chemistry, 2020, 321: 126717.
46
LIU L, ZHANG X, LIU Y, et al. Simulated in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion of infant formulas containing different fat sources and human milk: Differences in lipid profiling and free fatty acid release[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(24): 6799−6809.
47
NI X, ZHANG Z, DENG Z, et al. Optimizing ARA and DHA in infant formula: A systematic review of global trends, regional disparities, and considerations for precision nutrition[J]. Food Research International, 2024, 182: 114049.
48
YEN C-L E, NELSON D W, YEN M-I. Intestinal triacylglycerol synthesis in fat absorption and systemic energy metabolism[J]. Journal of Lipid Research, 2015, 56(3): 489−501.
2026年第47卷第15期
PDF下载
115
54
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104
  • 接收时间:2025-08-11
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-08-01
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11
基金
作者信息
    东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150030

通讯作者:

张秀秀(1991−),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:乳品科学与技术,E-mail:。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/spgykj/CN/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025080104
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏