Article(id=1320882601833907022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320882506312826993, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050303, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1748448000000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852553088, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1778774400000, pubDateStr=2026-05-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852553088, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852553088, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852553088, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320882506312826993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='525', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1778774400000', pubDateStr='2026-05-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852530314, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852530314, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=383, endPage=390, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882603528405839, articleId=1320882601833907022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effect of Water-soluble Yeast β-Glucan on Quality of Pre-fermented Frozen Red Bean Baozi Dough, columnId=1261343845820805453, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Storage and Preservation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this study, to mitigate quality deterioration in pre-fermented frozen red bean Baozi dough (PF-FRBBD) during freeze-thaw cycles, water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan (WSYG) was employed as an additive to investigate the effects of varying WSYG concentrations on gas production capacity, viable yeast count, moisture distribution, microstructure, and thermal properties of PF-FRBBD subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. Results revealed that, compared with non-frozen-thawed samples, PF-FRBBD subjected to 6 freeze-thaw cycles exhibited a 36.6% reduction in total gas production within 120 min and a 96.3% decrease in viable yeast count. Concomitantly, the water loss rate and water activity increased significantly (P<0.05), while the proportion of strongly bound water decreased, resulting in a rough and porous microstructure. After 6 freeze-thaw cycles, compared to the untreated samples, the PF-FRBBD supplemented with 0.5% WSYG showed a 17.2% increase in total gas production and a 66.7% increase in viable yeast count, with significant reductions in water loss rate and water activity (P<0.05), while maintaining an intact gluten network. In the 0.5% WSYG group, the specific volume and sensory score of steamed Baozi were determined as 1.67±0.02 mL/g and 63.5±1.6 points, respectively, reflecting a rise of 9.9% and 29.3% from untreated samples. The research findings affirm that water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan can effectively improve the quality of pre-fermented frozen red bean Baozi dough during freeze-thaw cycles, with the optimal addition level identified as 0.5%.

, authors=Kesheng YANG1, 2, 3, Fenglu WEI1, 3, Yingrui ZHU3, Yu ZHENG3, Wenfeng YU3, Yan ZHANG1, Xinping HU1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=Kesheng YANG, Fenglu WEI, Yingrui ZHU, Yu ZHENG, Wenfeng YU, Yan ZHANG, Xinping HU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xinping HU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882604937691994, articleId=1320882601833907022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖对预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯品质的影响, columnId=1261343846517059923, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=贮运保鲜, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为改善预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯(Pre-Fermented Frozen Red Bean Baozi Dough,PF-FRBBD)在冻融循环中的品质,本研究以水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖(water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan,WSYG)为添加物,探究不同WSYG添加量对PF-FRBBD在冻融循环中的产气能力、酵母活菌数、水分分布、微观结构及热特性的影响。结果表明:与未冻融样品相比,经历6次冻融循环后的PF-FRBBD,120 min内总产气量减少36.6%,酵母活菌数下降96.3%,失水率与水分活度显著上升(P<0.05),强结合水比例降低,且微观结构变得粗糙多孔。冻融6次后,相较于未添加WSYG的空白组,0.5% WSYG组PF-FRBBD的产气总量与酵母活菌数分别提高17.2%和66.7%,失水率与水分活度显著降低(P<0.05),且能维持完整的面筋网络;0.5% WSYG组熟制包子的比容及感官评分分别为1.67±0.02 mL/g、63.5±1.6分,较对照组分别提升9.9%和29.3%。综上,水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖可有效改善预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯在冻融循环中的品质,其最佳添加量为0.5%。

, authors=杨克胜1, 2, 3, 位凤鲁1, 3, 朱英瑞3, 郑毓3, 于文峰3, 张彦1, 胡新平1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=杨克胜, 位凤鲁, 朱英瑞, 郑毓, 于文峰, 张彦, 胡新平, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=胡新平, authorNote=

杨克胜(1995−),男,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
胡新平(1979−),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:。
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=yC9BciOsQFdWDOv7W3GQGQ==, magXml=PQVr2wJIcu6diQXvbYUV8g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=1SAnPmlp7MHBJxCfm0RqHA==, pdfFileSize=4391487, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=n/uyEQ3+vlN5Rn0JvRizCg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=bCg/7XGI1Ee2p9vRERnJwA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320882605566837605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yangks@angelyeast.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320882605692666729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, authorId=1320882605566837605, language=EN, stringName=Kesheng YANG, firstName=Kesheng, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang 443003, China
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杨克胜(1995−),男,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:

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Study on proofing tolerance and quality improvement of frozen dough for steamed buns[D]. Wuxi: Jiangnan University, 2024.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882618124583882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Sifan. Study on proofing tolerance and quality improvement of frozen dough for steamed buns[D]. 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LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2014, 57(2): 738−748., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882605248070491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882605260653404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, companyId=1320882605248070491, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang 443003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882605269042013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, companyId=1320882605248070491, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1酵母功能湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌 443003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320882605357122398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882605365511007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, companyId=1320882605357122398, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resource Exploration and Utilization, Yichang 443003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882605373899616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, companyId=1320882605357122398, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,湖北宜昌 443003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320882605453591393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882605461980002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, companyId=1320882605453591393, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882605470368611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, companyId=1320882605453591393, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3安琪酵母股份有限公司,湖北宜昌 443003)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320882609891165076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effects of WSYG on dough blowing characteristics, figureFileSmall=ib+8KKzmkddC/HZL5ZsDUA==, figureFileBig=n/uyEQ3+vlN5Rn0JvRizCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882609962468245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=图1, caption=WSYG对面团吹泡特性影响

注:a图表示吹泡曲线图,b、c、d、e、f图分别表示不同处理组对面团P、L、W、Ie及Tol的影响,不同大写字母表示组间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=ib+8KKzmkddC/HZL5ZsDUA==, figureFileBig=n/uyEQ3+vlN5Rn0JvRizCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882610193154966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Sensory profile evaluation and specific volume of PF-FRBB, figureFileSmall=Y3rh8U24dnZD8LgACaudmA==, figureFileBig=BW4jnz78kP9PuI64GyKSHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882610277041047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=图2, caption=预发酵冷冻豆沙包感官评价总得分及比容

注:a为豆沙包感官评价总得分的变化;b为豆沙包比容的变化。

, figureFileSmall=Y3rh8U24dnZD8LgACaudmA==, figureFileBig=BW4jnz78kP9PuI64GyKSHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882610369315736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effect of WSYG on Viable yeast cell count in PF-FRBBD, figureFileSmall=RgNrdrQPqK9eD42n3lAalw==, figureFileBig=PgBL9qd7Wg7ghWHAeTCrCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882610461590425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=图3, caption=WSYG对PF-FRBBD中酵母菌活菌数的影响

注:在相同冻融次数下,不同大写字母表示不同WSYG添加量组之间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=RgNrdrQPqK9eD42n3lAalw==, figureFileBig=PgBL9qd7Wg7ghWHAeTCrCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882610558059418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effect of WSYG on PF-FRBBD microstructure (1000×), figureFileSmall=iYVq61h+paLd8wBay27Kqw==, figureFileBig=TCPvXEiDKg3ZpcFyUDTIBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882612223198107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=图4, caption=WSYG对PF-FRBBD微观结构的影响(1000×), figureFileSmall=iYVq61h+paLd8wBay27Kqw==, figureFileBig=TCPvXEiDKg3ZpcFyUDTIBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882612315472796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effect of WSYG on thermal properties in PF-FRBBD, figureFileSmall=T0r4obNHf6vQx085JQrbjw==, figureFileBig=NL41GwNiAgAZnBLCZekz6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882612395164573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=图5, caption=WSYG对PF-FRBBD热特性的影响

注:(a)为初始糊化温度的变化;(b)为糊化焓值的变化;在相同冻融次数下,不同大写字母表示不同WSYG添加量组之间差异显著(P<0.05);在相同WSYG添加量下,不同小写字母表示不同冻融次数之间差异显著(P<0.05)。

, figureFileSmall=T0r4obNHf6vQx085JQrbjw==, figureFileBig=NL41GwNiAgAZnBLCZekz6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882612487439262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Criteria for sensory evaluation of Baozi

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目评价标准评分(分)
颜色乳白色有光泽10~7
非乳白色或光泽不足6~4
发暗或无光泽3~0
形态圆形饱满且花纹清晰20~16
较饱满、花纹较清晰15~12
欠饱满、花纹不清晰11~8
形态差7~0
质地按压弹性柔软20~16
弹性较好、柔软度尚可15~12
弹性一般、柔软度一般11~8
质地差7~0
内部结构气孔细小均匀20~16
气孔较细小均匀15~12
气孔大小不均11~8
气孔粗大不均或无气孔7~0
口感细腻滑润不黏牙20~16
较细腻滑润、稍黏牙15~12
欠细腻、黏牙度一般11~8
粗糙、严重黏牙7~0
气味有品种特有香味,无异味10~7
香味较淡或有轻微异味6~4
无香味或有明显异味3~0
), ArticleFig(id=1320882612600685471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

包子感官评价评分标准

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项目评价标准评分(分)
颜色乳白色有光泽10~7
非乳白色或光泽不足6~4
发暗或无光泽3~0
形态圆形饱满且花纹清晰20~16
较饱满、花纹较清晰15~12
欠饱满、花纹不清晰11~8
形态差7~0
质地按压弹性柔软20~16
弹性较好、柔软度尚可15~12
弹性一般、柔软度一般11~8
质地差7~0
内部结构气孔细小均匀20~16
气孔较细小均匀15~12
气孔大小不均11~8
气孔粗大不均或无气孔7~0
口感细腻滑润不黏牙20~16
较细腻滑润、稍黏牙15~12
欠细腻、黏牙度一般11~8
粗糙、严重黏牙7~0
气味有品种特有香味,无异味10~7
香味较淡或有轻微异味6~4
无香味或有明显异味3~0
), ArticleFig(id=1320882612697154464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Effect of WSYG on gas production of PF-FRBBD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别产气量(mL)
30 min60 min90 min120 min
F0_KB33.05±0.54B72.24±1.28B114.27±2.97C156.16±1.40C
F0_0.2% WSYG33.05±0.83B75.40±0.38A120.06±0.82B166.16±2.29B
F0_0.5% WSYG34.43±0.20A76.69±1.28A120.98±0.95AB167.58±2.77AB
F0_1.0% WSYG34.31±0.62A76.22±0.38A123.59±1.51A169.38±2.00AB
F0_2.0% WSYG34.20±1.03AB75.62±0.58A122.94±1.98AB165.30±1.80B
F6_KB11.86±0.41C40.63±1.25C72.23±1.40C98.94±1.93C
F6_0.2% WSYG12.07±0.79C40.09±0.56B76.35±0.97B107.49±1.74B
F6_0.5% WSYG13.30±0.30B43.81±0.90A84.06±1.17A116.00±3.73A
F6_1.0% WSYG13.69±0.72AB44.77±0.53A85.96±1.31A118.76±2.46A
F6_2.0% WSYG14.60±0.48A44.57±0.78A85.69±1.50A117.04±1.42A
), ArticleFig(id=1320882612789429153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

WSYG对PF-FRBBD产气量的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别产气量(mL)
30 min60 min90 min120 min
F0_KB33.05±0.54B72.24±1.28B114.27±2.97C156.16±1.40C
F0_0.2% WSYG33.05±0.83B75.40±0.38A120.06±0.82B166.16±2.29B
F0_0.5% WSYG34.43±0.20A76.69±1.28A120.98±0.95AB167.58±2.77AB
F0_1.0% WSYG34.31±0.62A76.22±0.38A123.59±1.51A169.38±2.00AB
F0_2.0% WSYG34.20±1.03AB75.62±0.58A122.94±1.98AB165.30±1.80B
F6_KB11.86±0.41C40.63±1.25C72.23±1.40C98.94±1.93C
F6_0.2% WSYG12.07±0.79C40.09±0.56B76.35±0.97B107.49±1.74B
F6_0.5% WSYG13.30±0.30B43.81±0.90A84.06±1.17A116.00±3.73A
F6_1.0% WSYG13.69±0.72AB44.77±0.53A85.96±1.31A118.76±2.46A
F6_2.0% WSYG14.60±0.48A44.57±0.78A85.69±1.50A117.04±1.42A
), ArticleFig(id=1320882612881703842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Effects of WSYG on water loss rate, water activity, and moisture distribution in PF-FRBBD

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组别失水率(%)水分活度A21(%)A22(%)A23(%)
F0_KB3.93±0.44AB0.91±0.02A22.10±0.40C76.27±1.15A1.07±0.02A
F0_0.2% WSYG4.10±0.39A0.88±0.01B22.29±0.26BC76.12±1.63A0.75±0.00C
F0_0.5% WSYG3.55±0.21B0.85±0.01C22.75±0.17AB75.15±1.80A0.84±0.01B
F0_1.0% WSYG3.55±0.16B0.83±0.01C23.22±0.44A75.45±0.92A0.76±0.01C
F0_2.0% WSYG3.54±0.26B0.80±0.01D23.01±0.45A75.72±0.50A0.71±0.01D
F6_KB13.18±0.27A0.94±0.03A20.08±0.36B78.59±1.38A1.33±0.04A
F6_0.2% WSYG10.77±0.62B0.91±0.01B20.23±0.28B77.65±1.66A1.22±0.01B
F6_0.5% WSYG9.80±0.44C0.89±0.00B21.04±0.19A76.88±1.91AB1.13±0.01C
F6_1.0% WSYG8.35±0.19D0.85±0.01C21.04±0.41A75.09±0.94B1.15±0.04C
F6_2.0% WSYG8.44±0.36D0.81±0.01D20.50±0.41AB76.70±0.52AB1.25±0.01B
), ArticleFig(id=1320882612978172835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882601833907022, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

WSYG对PF-FRBBD失水率、水分活度及水分分布的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别失水率(%)水分活度A21(%)A22(%)A23(%)
F0_KB3.93±0.44AB0.91±0.02A22.10±0.40C76.27±1.15A1.07±0.02A
F0_0.2% WSYG4.10±0.39A0.88±0.01B22.29±0.26BC76.12±1.63A0.75±0.00C
F0_0.5% WSYG3.55±0.21B0.85±0.01C22.75±0.17AB75.15±1.80A0.84±0.01B
F0_1.0% WSYG3.55±0.16B0.83±0.01C23.22±0.44A75.45±0.92A0.76±0.01C
F0_2.0% WSYG3.54±0.26B0.80±0.01D23.01±0.45A75.72±0.50A0.71±0.01D
F6_KB13.18±0.27A0.94±0.03A20.08±0.36B78.59±1.38A1.33±0.04A
F6_0.2% WSYG10.77±0.62B0.91±0.01B20.23±0.28B77.65±1.66A1.22±0.01B
F6_0.5% WSYG9.80±0.44C0.89±0.00B21.04±0.19A76.88±1.91AB1.13±0.01C
F6_1.0% WSYG8.35±0.19D0.85±0.01C21.04±0.41A75.09±0.94B1.15±0.04C
F6_2.0% WSYG8.44±0.36D0.81±0.01D20.50±0.41AB76.70±0.52AB1.25±0.01B
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水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖对预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯品质的影响
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杨克胜 1, 2, 3 , 位凤鲁 1, 3 , 朱英瑞 3 , 郑毓 3 , 于文峰 3 , 张彦 1 , 胡新平 1, 2, 3, *
食品工业科技 | 贮运保鲜 2026,47(10): 383-390
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食品工业科技 |贮运保鲜 2026 , 47 (10) : 383 -390
水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖对预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯品质的影响
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2National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resource Exploration and Utilization, Yichang 443003, China
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2农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,湖北宜昌 443003
3安琪酵母股份有限公司,湖北宜昌 443003, bio={"content":"

杨克胜(1995−),男,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:

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杨克胜(1995−),男,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:

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杨克胜1, 2, 3 , 位凤鲁1, 3, 朱英瑞3, 郑毓3, 于文峰3, 张彦1, 胡新平1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1酵母功能湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌 443003
  • 2农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,湖北宜昌 443003
  • 3安琪酵母股份有限公司,湖北宜昌 443003
通讯作者:
胡新平(1979−),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:。
作者简介:

杨克胜(1995−),男,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:

Effect of Water-soluble Yeast β-Glucan on Quality of Pre-fermented Frozen Red Bean Baozi Dough
Kesheng YANG1, 2, 3 , Fenglu WEI1, 3, Yingrui ZHU3, Yu ZHENG3, Wenfeng YU3, Yan ZHANG1, Xinping HU1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang 443003, China
  • 2National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resource Exploration and Utilization, Yichang 443003, China
  • 3Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, China
出版时间: 2026-05-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050303
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为改善预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯(Pre-Fermented Frozen Red Bean Baozi Dough,PF-FRBBD)在冻融循环中的品质,本研究以水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖(water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan,WSYG)为添加物,探究不同WSYG添加量对PF-FRBBD在冻融循环中的产气能力、酵母活菌数、水分分布、微观结构及热特性的影响。结果表明:与未冻融样品相比,经历6次冻融循环后的PF-FRBBD,120 min内总产气量减少36.6%,酵母活菌数下降96.3%,失水率与水分活度显著上升(P<0.05),强结合水比例降低,且微观结构变得粗糙多孔。冻融6次后,相较于未添加WSYG的空白组,0.5% WSYG组PF-FRBBD的产气总量与酵母活菌数分别提高17.2%和66.7%,失水率与水分活度显著降低(P<0.05),且能维持完整的面筋网络;0.5% WSYG组熟制包子的比容及感官评分分别为1.67±0.02 mL/g、63.5±1.6分,较对照组分别提升9.9%和29.3%。综上,水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖可有效改善预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯在冻融循环中的品质,其最佳添加量为0.5%。

水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖  /  预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯  /  冻融循环  /  微观结构

In this study, to mitigate quality deterioration in pre-fermented frozen red bean Baozi dough (PF-FRBBD) during freeze-thaw cycles, water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan (WSYG) was employed as an additive to investigate the effects of varying WSYG concentrations on gas production capacity, viable yeast count, moisture distribution, microstructure, and thermal properties of PF-FRBBD subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. Results revealed that, compared with non-frozen-thawed samples, PF-FRBBD subjected to 6 freeze-thaw cycles exhibited a 36.6% reduction in total gas production within 120 min and a 96.3% decrease in viable yeast count. Concomitantly, the water loss rate and water activity increased significantly (P<0.05), while the proportion of strongly bound water decreased, resulting in a rough and porous microstructure. After 6 freeze-thaw cycles, compared to the untreated samples, the PF-FRBBD supplemented with 0.5% WSYG showed a 17.2% increase in total gas production and a 66.7% increase in viable yeast count, with significant reductions in water loss rate and water activity (P<0.05), while maintaining an intact gluten network. In the 0.5% WSYG group, the specific volume and sensory score of steamed Baozi were determined as 1.67±0.02 mL/g and 63.5±1.6 points, respectively, reflecting a rise of 9.9% and 29.3% from untreated samples. The research findings affirm that water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan can effectively improve the quality of pre-fermented frozen red bean Baozi dough during freeze-thaw cycles, with the optimal addition level identified as 0.5%.

water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan  /  pre-fermented frozen red bean Baozi dough  /  freeze-thaw cycles  /  microstructure
杨克胜, 位凤鲁, 朱英瑞, 郑毓, 于文峰, 张彦, 胡新平. 水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖对预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯品质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (10) : 383 -390 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050303
Kesheng YANG, Fenglu WEI, Yingrui ZHU, Yu ZHENG, Wenfeng YU, Yan ZHANG, Xinping HU. Effect of Water-soluble Yeast β-Glucan on Quality of Pre-fermented Frozen Red Bean Baozi Dough[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (10) : 383 -390 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050303
酵母β-葡聚糖是一种从酵母细胞壁中提取的天然多糖,其结构以β-(1,3)-糖苷键为主链,包含β-(1,6)-糖苷键形成的支链。该物质具有多种生物活性,包括抗菌抗炎、抗氧化、调节血糖和增强免疫等[1−2]。经国家卫健委认证,酵母β-葡聚糖已被列入新资源食品名录,可作为营养强化剂在多个领域应用。在医药、化妆品及食品工业中,其应用范围持续扩大。研究证实,酵母β-葡聚糖在食品加工中不仅可发挥增稠和乳化功能,还能有效改善食品的质构、感官及保质期[3−5]。但受其三股螺旋结构及分子量(300~6000 kDa)的限制,其水溶性较差,这在很大程度上制约了其在食品工业中的广泛应用[1−2]。针对这一问题,研究人员常采用物理、化学或生物技术对其进行结构修饰。经物理或化学处理,β-葡聚糖的三股螺旋结构可转变为单链构象,促使亲水基团充分暴露,进而增强其水合能力,显著提升溶解性能。生物方法则主要通过断裂糖苷键降低分子量,同时保持其基本骨架的完整性,从而得到可溶性β-葡聚糖[1−3]。
冷冻生坯技术是指在面包和面点生产过程中,运用冷冻原理处理半成品或成品,其在包子规模化及产业化生产等方面具有显著优势[6]。预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯技术将预发酵工艺与速冻技术有机结合,能实现终端产品仅需短暂解冻即可获得新鲜包子的目标,满足了现代食品工业对效率与品质的双重需求[6−8]。然而,在长期冻藏及成品运输过程中,预发酵生坯包子面临诸多核心问题,包括水分子重排导致的持水能力下降、酵母活性衰减引发的产气不足、冻融循环中冰晶生长造成的面筋网络损伤等,最终导致表皮开裂、内部塌陷等品质劣变[7−12]。为解决上述问题,研究聚焦于利用酶制剂、胶体、乳化剂及多糖等食品改良剂以提高冷冻面团的冻藏稳定性[13]。酶制剂、食品胶体及乳化剂主要通过强化面筋蛋白网络结构以抑制冰晶的机械损伤;而微生物多糖、大豆多糖、燕麦β-葡聚糖等多糖类物质则通过水合作用束缚自由水、延缓淀粉老化,在不同程度上改善面团的流变特性与持水性能[13−15]。其中,酵母β-葡聚糖作为酵母细胞壁的主要功能成分,凭借其独特的β-1,3/1,6-糖苷键结构,在冷藏面团体系中已展现出优异的保湿性与冰晶调控能力[3,5,16]。源自真菌及细菌的葡聚糖可通过分子链上的羟基吸附水分子形成稳定水合层,减少冻融过程中自由水的迁移,同时通过在冰晶表面的吸附作用抑制重结晶现象,从而有助于维持面筋网络完整性[5,16−17]。相关研究表明,其在提升益生菌存活率、改善面团柔软度及优化成品感官特性方面具有显著潜力[18−20]。
尽管现有研究已初步揭示了多糖类改良剂对冷冻生坯包子的品质改良作用,但针对水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖在预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯中的应用研究仍显不足。本研究采用冻融循环处理方法,探究水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖在预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯中的应用效果,分析其对冷冻豆沙包生坯面团的水分状态、微观结构、发酵特性及最终包子成品品质的影响规律,旨在为开发天然冷冻面团改良剂提供理论依据。
五得利六星粉(水分含量为13.6%±0.15%,灰分含量为0.41%±0.05%,粗蛋白含量为11.75%±0.11%,湿面筋含量为25.76%±0.25%) 五得利面粉集团有限公司;百钻泡打粉、半干酵母、细砂糖、水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖SG90(重均分子量分布:高分子量组分Mw为8050 kDa(4.58%),中分子量组分Mw为898 kDa(29.91%),低分子量组分Mw为33.2 kDa(65.51%),β-葡聚糖含量为91.28%±0.31%,蛋白质含量为1.33%±0.08%,脂肪含量为0.45%±0.05%,水分含量为5.02%±0.22%,总灰分含量为1.85%±0.18%) 湖北安琪酵母股份有限公司。
SP-12-4集成型和面机 德国DIOSNA公司;HC-130压面机 浙江和超机电;SDC-36-2D醒发箱 上海SKIPIO电子有限公司;KS-960快特励蒸柜 快特励食品机械(漳州)有限公司;JB1-10F极速冷冻柜 昆山金博特制冷设备有限公司;MD-25W568医用低温保存箱 美的集团股份有限公司;Risograph酵母活性测定仪 南京铭奥仪器设备有限公司;BVM6600食品体积仪 珀金埃尔默仪器有限公司;TECMASTER稠度仪 德国布拉本德技术公司;ALVEOLAB 568吹泡仪 法国肖邦技术公司;LGJ-40G真空冷冻干燥机 北京四环福瑞科仪科技发展有限公司;NM120-O15V低场核磁共振分析仪 苏州纽迈分析仪器股份有限公司;SU8600扫描电镜 北京日立科学仪器有限公司;Q2000差示扫描量热仪 美国TA公司。
将1000 g五得利六星粉、15 g百钻泡打粉、15 g半干酵母、50 g细砂糖倒入和面机,180 r/min搅拌2 min混合均匀,加入520 mL水(水温10 ℃),180 r/min搅拌5 min后200 r/min搅拌3 min;和好的面团压面15次至面团光滑,按照面皮40 g/个,包馅25 g/个成型后于36 ℃、85% RH下发酵30 min,然后放置于−40 ℃的速冻机中至包子中心温度−18 ℃以下,使用BOPA/PE复合膜包装,−18 ℃冻藏。
根据王秋玉[10]的方法稍作修改。将于−18 ℃冰箱中保存7 d的预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯(Pre-Fermented Frozen Red Bean Baozi Dough,PF-FRBBD)取出,置于30 ℃恒温水浴中解冻至面团中心温度为5 ℃,随后于−40 ℃速冻至中心温度−18 ℃以下,记为F1,单次冻融周期由解冻-再冻结过程构成。F0指未经历冻融循环的预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯;KB为未加入WSYG的空白组。
参照小麦粉面团流变特性测定方法[21],使用ALVEOLAB 568吹泡仪测定水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖(water-soluble yeast β-D-glucan,WSYG)加入面粉后面团的吹泡特性。主要检测指标包括:表示面团韧性的最大压力P值、表示面团延展性的破裂点横坐标L值、表示面团烘焙力的形变能量W值、表示面团弹性的弹性系数Ie值,以及面团搅拌稳定时间Tol。
将预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯从−18 ℃冰箱取出,在36 ℃、85% RH下解冻20 min,沸水蒸制15 min。蒸熟的包子在室温下冷却30 min后,使用BVM 6600食品体积测定仪对包子比容进行测定,设置仪器检测时间60 s、旋转速度360°/s、起始角度10°、结束角度175°、结束位置90°、采样率500 samples/s、激光距离选择Large模式,调用仪器内置Specific volume函数自动计算包子比容。
包子感官评价标准参照王秋玉[10]的方法并稍作修改,从颜色、形态、质地、内部结构、口感、气味方面对包子进行评价,评分细则见表1所示,总评分取10位评价员的平均值。
从冰箱中取PF-FRBBD,置于活力罐中,设定温度30 ℃,使用酵母活性测定仪Risograph,检测2 h内的产气量。
取10 g面团,在超净工作台内加入90 mL无菌生理盐水(0.85%,w/v),使用涡旋仪涡旋2 min,吸取100 μL悬浮液进行10倍等梯度稀释,吸取100 μL稀释液进行平板涂布。使用YPD培养基(氯霉素终浓度0.1 g/L)对酵母菌进行分离培养,接种好的YPD固体培养基在30 ℃条件下培养48 h,然后统计菌落数。
按照下面公式测定冻融前后即蒸型冷冻生坯包子失水率。
$ \rm{失}水率(\text{%})=\frac{m_1-m_2}{m_1}\times100 $
式中:m1为冻融前包子重量,g;m2为冻融后包子重量,g。
参照Xin等[22]的研究方法,对PF-FRBBD的水分分布进行测定。先从1.2.1所述的PF-FRBBD中取4 g面团样品,将其包裹于聚四氟乙烯材料中,待样品温度回升至25 ℃后,将其置于内径为15 mm的玻璃管内。然后利用低场核磁共振(LF-NMR)分析仪对水分分布进行测定。通过CPMG脉冲序列获取横向弛豫曲线,LF-NMR分析仪的系统参数设定如下:回波时间(TE)=0.6 ms,采样点数(TD)=90024,间隔时间(TW)=1000 ms,回波数(NECH)=1500,切片数(NS)=2。
使用SEM观察PF-FRBBD的微观结构。将PF-FRBBD冷冻干燥,切割,喷金90 s,最后用扫描电镜在2 kV的加速电压下观察,图像以1000倍放大率进行扫描拍摄。
参考Gaikwad等[23]的方法并稍作修改,样品解冻后,称取10±1 mg面团内部样品,放入密封的坩埚中,并立即密封在铝坩埚内,样品从20 ℃加热到120 ℃,升温速率为5 ℃/min。空坩埚作为参照,载气为氮气。采用分析软件分析热力学参数。
所有实验进行3次重复,使用Origin 2022软件进行绘图,使用Minitab软件进行数据处理与分析。所有数据的显著性均采用Duncan多重比较法(P<0.05)进行检验,结果以“平均值±标准差”表示。
吹泡特性可以反映面团的三维延展性与持气能力,由图1可知,随着WSYG添加量的增加,P值显著降低(P<0.05),L值显著增加(P<0.05),当WSYG添加量为2%时,面团L值达到96.1±1.0 mm,较空白组提高26.4%,这表明WSYG可有效改善面团的延展性。弹性系数Ie值随WSYG添加量逐渐增加,当WSYG添加量为0.5%时,Ie值从空白的51.5±0.21增加至52.1±0.25。WSYG添加后可以显著增加W值,但不同添加量下面团的W值之间无显著性变化,这说明WSYG主要影响面团的流变特性而非整体筋力。值得注意的是,当添加量超过0.5%时,面团搅拌稳定时间Tol显著降低(P<0.05),这与酵母β-葡聚糖的亲水特性加速面筋水合过程相关[24]。酵母β-葡聚糖是一种具有线性多糖结构的微生物多糖,其与面筋网络中的麦谷蛋白可发生竞争性结合,削弱大分子蛋白的交联强度,从而降低韧性,同时通过氢键作用增强醇溶蛋白的延展特性,提升面团持气性,但过高添加量会对面团产生负面作用[24−25]。
冷冻对包子感官评价及比容具有十分重要的影响,包子在未进行冷冻处理时,包子感官评价总得分为97.6±1.8分,比容为2.35±0.04 mL/g,速冻后包子感官评价总得分及比容显著降低,分别为82.4±1.9分、2.01±0.02 mL/g。为模拟真实运输场景中的反复解冻现象,本研究针对预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯开展冻融循环实验,测定了包子比容及感官评价得分的变化。由图2a可知,随着冻融次数的增加,包子感官评价总得分逐渐降低,当冻融次数达到6次时,包子感官评价总得分趋于稳定,此时,空白组包子感官评价总得分为49.1±1.3分,而0.5% WSYG组包子感官评价总得分最高,达到63.5±1.6分,较空白组提升29.3%。在未冻融时,随着WSYG添加量的增加,包子感官评价总得分先增加后降低,0.5% WSYG组总分最高,其在质地和内部结构等方面感官评分显著高于空白组(附表1,详见本刊官网http://www.spgykj.com/文章的网络版)。
由图2b可知,随着冻融次数的增加,包子比容逐渐降低,当冻融循环处理6次时,空白组包子比容为1.52±0.01 mL/g,较未冻融时比容下降24.4%;适当添加WSYG可显著缓解这一劣变,其中冻融循环6次后,0.5% WSYG组包子比容最高,达到1.67±0.02 mL/g,较空白组包子比容提升9.9%,但当WSYG添加量为2%时将导致豆沙包比容降低。这说明,冻融循环显著破坏包子品质,但适量添加WSYG可以降低冻融带来的负面效果。WSYG通过亲水性延缓水分迁移,抑制冻融过程中冰晶对面筋网络的机械损伤,从而提升面团持气性,但过量添加时,WSYG与面筋蛋白和淀粉竞争性结合水分,导致面筋网络结构松散、持气能力下降[2]。有研究指出,可溶性酵母β-葡聚糖可提升面包网络结构稳定性,使其表面更为光滑,具有更低的抗变形性,进而提升其产品品质[19]。
综上,以冻融循环6次作为丧失食用价值的临界冻融次数,后续重点研究冻融循环6次下不同WSYG添加量对预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯的品质影响。
预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯(PF-FRBBD)采用醒发后速冻工艺,蒸制前需进行解冻[7]。在解冻过程中,酵母菌被激活并恢复产气功能,产气能力直接影响成品质量。因此,冻融过程中的产气性能监测具有重要研究价值。由表2可知,在未冻融状态下,随着WSYG添加量的增加,PF-FRBBD的产气量先增加后降低,与空白组相比,相同发酵时间下PF-FRBBD的产气量显著上升(P<0.05),当添加1% WSYG时,120 min内PF-FRBBD的产气量为169.38±2.00 mL,而空白仅为156.16±1.40 mL。这表明,适量添加WSYG可有效提升PF-FRBBD的产气性能。这是由于酵母β-葡聚糖的亲水性多糖链通过氢键结合游离水,从而减少冰晶形成对酵母细胞膜的机械损伤,提高了冻融循环中的酵母存活率,进而提高PF-FRBBD解冻时的产气量[16]。经过6次冻融循环后,120 min内空白组总产气量较初始值下降36.6%,仅为98.94±1.93 mL,而添加0.5%~2%的WSYG的试验组,120 min内产气量较空白组提高17.2%~20.0%(P<0.05),这表明添加WSYG可提高预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯的冻融稳定性。
图3展示了不同WSYG添加量对PF-FRBBD中酵母菌活菌数影响,由图可知,冻融处理可显著降低面团中酵母活菌数,而适量添加WSYG可显著增加冻融后面团中的酵母活菌数。在未冻融时,随着WSYG添加量的增加,酵母活菌数逐渐增高,0.5%~1% WSYG组显著高于其他组(P<0.05),这是由于在短期冷冻中WSYG可抑制冰晶形成,同时增强淀粉-面筋蛋白网络稳定性,减少冰晶对酵母细胞膜的损伤[17]。在冻融6次后,空白组酵母活菌数从2.41×107 cfu/g显著降低至0.89×106 cfu/g,降幅达96.3%,而添加0.5% WSYG的PF-FRBBD中酵母活菌数较空白组显著升高66.7%,达到1.48×106 cfu/g,但是当WSYG添加量增加至2%时,PF-FRBBD中酵母活菌数低于空白组,仅为0.81×106 cfu/g,这是由于长期冷冻导致WSYG与淀粉分子竞争性结合水分,加剧面团结构破坏,导致酵母菌破裂。
表3显示了WSYG对PF-FRBBD中水分特性的影响,由表3可知,经冻融处理后,PF-FRBBD的失水率显著升高,经6次冻融处理后,空白组失水率由3.93%±0.44%增加至13.18%±0.27%,添加WSYG后可以减缓冻融引起失水率上升效应。经冻融处理后,空白组的水分活度升高至0.94±0.03,此现象与冷冻过程中冰晶形成引发的相分离及水分子再分布密切相关;与之相比,添加WSYG的各组样品,其水分活度增幅受到明显抑制。此外,相较于空白组,在相同冻融处理下,随着WSYG添加量的增加,PF-FRBBD失水率及水分活度逐渐降低。这是由于WSYG可通过其亲水基团与水分子形成氢键,束缚面团中自由水使其不易流失,进而降低面团中水分活度[17]。
A21、A22和A23分别代表强结合水、弱结合水和自由水的比例。由表3可知,在相同冻融次数下,添加WSYG后,A21先增加后降低,表明PF-FRBBD中强结合水含量先升高后降低;与此同时,A23减少,说明PF-FRBBD中自由水含量下降,这说明添加适量的WSYG能够有效维持冷冻面团中的水分状态,减少自由水的流失[26]。与未冻融样品相比,冻融6次的PF-FRBBD内的强结合水比例减少、自由水比例增加,这是因为冰晶破坏了面筋网络的完整性,导致面筋蛋白断裂释放出游离水,增加了水分流动性[27]。WSYG通过影响面团醒发程度及其对游离水的结合来影响面团的水分分布以及面团组分的持水能力,这与刘思凡[28]的研究结果一致。
在普通小麦面团中,麦谷蛋白与醇溶蛋白通过共价键形成连续网络结构,并将淀粉颗粒紧密镶嵌其中,冷冻及冻融循环会破坏该结构。图4显示了WSYG对PF-FRBBD微观结构的影响,由图可知,空白组在经历6次冻融循环后,面团中面筋网络结构形成孔洞,淀粉颗粒出现外露及破损现象,这与陈赫帆[26]的报道一致。相较于空白组,添加WSYG的PF-FRBBD横截面显示出更高的平滑度,这是由于WSYG可与面筋蛋白的氢键结合,形成了连续膜状结构覆盖淀粉及蛋白表面,该膜层可有效减缓冰晶对面筋基质的直接破坏[2,29]。冻融6次后,空白组面筋变得松散,而0.5% WSYG组仍维持致密的网络结构,但是当WSYG添加量增加至1%时,面团中出现丝状结构且空洞增多。不溶性酵母β-葡聚糖会破坏面条面团中的蛋白-淀粉网络结构,但是添加适量改性的可溶性β-葡聚糖可显著改善冻融循环后面团内部结构[19]。
采用DSC分析冻融循环后面团中淀粉的老化程度。由图5可知,空白组在冻融循环后初始糊化温度由57.26 ℃升至58.56 ℃,糊化焓值由7.73 J/g增至9.81 J/g,冻融处理改变了淀粉结晶区的双螺旋结构,增加了淀粉分子结构的有序性,导致淀粉颗粒较难糊化,糊化温度后移[29]。有序化的淀粉结构需要更多的能量解开和熔融淀粉双螺旋结构,表现为淀粉糊化焓的升高,这与陶晗[30]的研究结果一致。然而,随着WSYG添加量增加,初始糊化温度和糊化焓值均逐渐下降,在WSYG添加量为2%时,F6组的初始糊化温度较空白组降低2.02 ℃,糊化焓值降幅达44.6%,显著抑制了冻融引起的初始糊化温度及糊化焓值上升幅度。有研究报道,添加β-葡聚糖降低了面团中面筋的变性峰值温度和焓变[31]。WSYG分子富含羟基,可通过氢键作用与淀粉链结合,形成空间位阻效应,抑制淀粉分子在冻融过程中的有序重排,通过改变淀粉结晶区的结构特征以阻止淀粉老化[32]。
冻融循环显著破坏预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯(PF-FRBBD)的品质,具体表征为酵母活菌数下降96.3%、产气总量降低36.6%、糊化焓值增加26.9%,面筋网络呈现孔洞化特征,且熟制后产品的感官评分及比容均显著降低。这与[7−9,30]揭示的冻融循环及冷冻处理破坏小麦淀粉完整性、损伤面筋网络结构的规律一致,与王秋玉[10]证实的冻融循环导致预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯面筋损伤及品质劣变的结论相呼应。
水溶性酵母β-葡聚糖(WSYG)可有效缓解上述负面效应,其中0.5% WSYG组效果最优:未冻融面团弹性系数提升至52.1±0.25;冻融6次后,相较于未添加WSYG的空白组,0.5% WSYG组PF-FRBBD的产气总量与酵母活菌数分别提高17.2%和66.7%,失水率与水分活度显著降低(P<0.05),且能减少强结合水流失;同时,WSYG可通过维系面筋网络完整性减轻冻融对面团组织的损伤,进而改善熟制品品质—0.5% WSYG组熟制包子的比容及感官评分分别为1.67±0.02 mL/g、63.5±1.6分,较对照组分别提升9.9%和29.3%,明确证实其作为天然抗冻保护剂在冷冻面团体系中的有效性。此结果与Hamed等[15]发现的β-葡聚糖减少冷冻面团可冻结水、维持面筋网络的规律一致,亦与Suwannarong等[3]证实的酿酒酵母β-葡聚糖通过高持水性延缓面包品质劣变的结果相符。
综上所述,本研究证实WSYG在冻融循环后对预发酵冷冻豆沙包生坯品质的提升效应,具体体现为提高面团弹性、维持酵母活力与产气性能、减少水分流失,且能有效保护面筋网络结构完整性;同时确定0.5%为其最适添加量,补充了WSYG在含馅预发酵冷冻生坯包点中的应用证据,可为WSYG在冷冻面团体系中的开发与应用提供理论依据。后续研究可进一步聚焦WSYG的分子特性与抗冻功能的构效关系,探究其与乳化剂、酶制剂等其他食品配料的协同抗冻作用,以拓展其在冷冻面食工业中的应用范围。

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2026年第47卷第10期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025050303
  • 接收时间:2025-05-29
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-05-15
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    1酵母功能湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌 443003
    2农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,湖北宜昌 443003
    3安琪酵母股份有限公司,湖北宜昌 443003

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胡新平(1979−),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向:烘焙与健康食品配料研究开发,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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