Article(id=1320882540655784661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320882022160126288, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024120390, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735488000000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852538502, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1767196800000, pubDateStr=2026-01-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852538502, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852538502, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852538502, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320882022160126288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1767196800000', pubDateStr='2026-01-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852414884, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852414884, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=339, endPage=347, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882540899054294, articleId=1320882540655784661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Establishment and Preliminary Application of Highly Sensitive Competitive ELISA for Folic Acid, columnId=1261343843585241413, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Analysis and Determination, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to achieve high sensitivity and rapid detection of folic acid, this study established a highly sensitive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) by preparing folic acid monoclonal antibody and optimizing the detection system. The results showed that when the concentration of coated antigen was 0.5 μg/mL, the dilution of antibody was 16000 times, and the dilution of secondary antibody was 10000 times, and the incubation time of primary antibody and secondary antibody and color development time were 15, 30, and 10 min, respectively, the established cELISA method had half inhibition concentration of 1.12 ng/mL, and the limit of detection of 0.028 ng/mL. The method had good specificity and no cross-reaction with vitamin B1, B2, niacin and other B vitamins, the cross-reaction rates of dihydrofolic acid, tetrahydrofolic acid and pteric acid were 12.21%, 2.07% and 2.72%, respectively. The recoveries of milk and energy drink samples were 88.32%~94.12% and 88.00%~93.29%, respectively. The consistency rates of folic acid content in B complex vitamin tablets and infant milk powder were 102.01%~114.72% and 99.04%~111.62%, respectively, with relative standard deviation less than 5%. This study provides a sensitive, specific and accurate method for the rapid detection of folic acid content, which can improve the efficiency of field detection, and has a reference value for the rapid detection method of nutrient fortification content.

, authors=Yao WANG1, *, Yanfei LI1, Jinbo CAO2, Xiyan YANG1, Jiaxiang HUANG1, Mingyue HUANG1, Lu HAN1, Kaile WANG1, Xiujin CHEN1, Zhaozhou LI1, Min ZHANG1, Huaibin KANG1, *, authorsList=Yao WANG, Yanfei LI, Jinbo CAO, Xiyan YANG, Jiaxiang HUANG, Mingyue HUANG, Lu HAN, Kaile WANG, Xiujin CHEN, Zhaozhou LI, Min ZHANG, Huaibin KANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yao WANG, Huaibin KANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882544929780469, articleId=1320882540655784661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=叶酸的高灵敏竞争ELISA方法建立及其初步应用, columnId=1261343846139572559, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=分析检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为实现叶酸含量的高灵敏快速检测,本研究通过制备叶酸单克隆抗体,并对检测体系进行优化,建立了高灵敏竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,cELISA)方法。结果表明,当包被抗原浓度为0.5 μg/mL,抗体稀释倍数为16000,二抗稀释倍数为10000,一抗、二抗孵育时间和显色时间分别为15、30、10 min时,建立的cELISA方法半数抑制浓度为1.12 ng/mL,最低检测限为0.028 ng/mL。该方法与维生素B1、B2、烟酸等B族维生素无交叉反应,特异性良好,与叶酸结构类似物二氢叶酸、四氢叶酸、蝶酸的交叉反应率分别为12.21%、2.07%和2.72%,检测牛奶和能量饮料样品的加标回收率分别为88.32%~94.12%和88.00%~93.29%,初步应用于复合B族维生素片和婴幼儿奶粉中叶酸含量的检测一致率分别为102.01%~114.72%和99.04%~111.62%,相对标准偏差均小于5%。本研究为快速检测叶酸含量提供了一种灵敏、特异、准确的方法,能够提高现场检测效率,对于营养强化剂含量的快速检测方法研究具有参考价值。

, authors=王耀1, *, 李燕飞1, 曹金博2, 杨喜燕1, 黄佳翔1, 黄明月1, 韩露1, 王凯乐1, 陈秀金1, 李兆周1, 张敏1, 康怀彬1, *, authorsList=王耀, 李燕飞, 曹金博, 杨喜燕, 黄佳翔, 黄明月, 韩露, 王凯乐, 陈秀金, 李兆周, 张敏, 康怀彬, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王耀, 康怀彬, authorNote=

王耀(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品安全快速检测,E-mail:

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王耀(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品安全快速检测,E-mail:。
康怀彬(1963−),男,硕士,教授,研究方向:食品加工与安全,E-mail:。
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Luminescence, 2024, 39(11): e70022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882556472505222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王苏霞, 马永钧. 用复合修饰电极示差脉冲伏安法快速测定叶酸含量[J]. 云南化工, 2020, 47(4): 113−117. [WANG Suxia, MA Yongjun. Rapid determination of folic acid by differential pulse voltammetry at the composite modified electrode[J]. Yunnan Chemical Technology, 2020, 47(4): 113−117.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882556552196999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Suxia, MA Yongjun. Rapid determination of folic acid by differential pulse voltammetry at the composite modified electrode[J]. Yunnan Chemical Technology, 2020, 47(4): 113−117., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882556627694472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Taichang, XUE Huyin, ZHANG Bo, et al. Determination of folic acid in milk, milk powder and energy drink by an indirect immunoassay[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2012, 92(11): 2297−2304., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882556749329289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李贞. ELISA方法检测牛奶中叶酸含量[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2016, 37(19): 137−141. [LI Zhen. ELISA method for the detection of folate in milk[J]. Food Research and Development, 2016, 37(19): 137−141.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882556824826762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Zhen. ELISA method for the detection of folate in milk[J]. Food Research and Development, 2016, 37(19): 137−141., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882556904518539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NOVIKOVA A S, PONOMARYOVA Т S, GORYACHEVA I Y. Fluorescent AgInS/ZnS quantum dots microplate and lateral flow immunoassays for folic acid determination in juice samples[J]. Microchimica Acta, 2020, 187(8): 427., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882545185633014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882545198215927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, companyId=1320882545185633014, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Food and Bioengineering/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882545210798840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, companyId=1320882545185633014, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院/河南省食品绿色加工与质量安全控制国际联合实验室,河南洛阳 471000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320882545311462137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882545319850746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, companyId=1320882545311462137, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2College of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882545328239355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, companyId=1320882545311462137, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2华南师范大学化学学院,广东广州 510000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320882549321216832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Ultraviolet scanning of FA artificial antigens, figureFileSmall=PjMXyyzpgdRkvFcpOZYJcg==, figureFileBig=S0k/HDBqPp57TP/4LFNezg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882549400908609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=图1, caption=FA人工抗原紫外扫描图谱, figureFileSmall=PjMXyyzpgdRkvFcpOZYJcg==, figureFileBig=S0k/HDBqPp57TP/4LFNezg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882549627401026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Sensitivity identification of mouse No.3, figureFileSmall=wRglrBLebnKDxm8qFpHi2A==, figureFileBig=JWMiC4R+J8kDTt53YCaqLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882549732258627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=图2, caption=3号小鼠敏感性鉴定, figureFileSmall=wRglrBLebnKDxm8qFpHi2A==, figureFileBig=JWMiC4R+J8kDTt53YCaqLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882549803561796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=IC50 at different coated concentration, figureFileSmall=srTQXFbgM6jMg8nFWLk4bg==, figureFileBig=tdjaTiPMKbp0fWpJv4Uwlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882549908419397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同包被原浓度下的IC50, figureFileSmall=srTQXFbgM6jMg8nFWLk4bg==, figureFileBig=tdjaTiPMKbp0fWpJv4Uwlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882549992305478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Optimization of experimental conditions of cELISA, figureFileSmall=q3k9loIeR5Gi3kYIIphkHg==, figureFileBig=lBKWyNgz9ctMtBHr9B/zHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882550076191559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=图4, caption=cELISA检测体系的优化

注:(a)二抗稀释倍数的优化;(b)一抗孵育时间的优化;(c)二抗孵育时间的优化;(d)显色时间的优化。

, figureFileSmall=q3k9loIeR5Gi3kYIIphkHg==, figureFileBig=lBKWyNgz9ctMtBHr9B/zHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882550185243464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Standard curve of cELISA, figureFileSmall=q/kED5UK+ec5yFzNydEV7Q==, figureFileBig=SE6wHYu0SmgH9f0hkNN04Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882550277518153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=图5, caption=cELISA标准曲线, figureFileSmall=q/kED5UK+ec5yFzNydEV7Q==, figureFileBig=SE6wHYu0SmgH9f0hkNN04Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882550348821322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Elimination of sample matrix effects in milk (a) and energy drink (b), figureFileSmall=hu82692/meHAb/lBC3jcKg==, figureFileBig=PJAPGWIirZbcXvcaeQzMnA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882550436901707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=图6, caption=牛奶(a)和能量饮料(b)样品基质效应消除, figureFileSmall=hu82692/meHAb/lBC3jcKg==, figureFileBig=PJAPGWIirZbcXvcaeQzMnA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882550508204876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Results of pAbs titer determination

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小鼠
编号
血清稀释倍数(×103)空白
24816326412825651210242048
13.1102.1551.2380.7000.4010.2170.1260.0850.0670.0600.0540.054
22.9972.3501.2610.6720.3990.2180.1310.0860.0650.0570.0560.049
33.2802.2461.1660.6810.3580.2010.1270.0840.0650.0570.0510.047
), ArticleFig(id=1320882550596285261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

pAbs效价测定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小鼠
编号
血清稀释倍数(×103)空白
24816326412825651210242048
13.1102.1551.2380.7000.4010.2170.1260.0850.0670.0600.0540.054
22.9972.3501.2610.6720.3990.2180.1310.0860.0650.0570.0560.049
33.2802.2461.1660.6810.3580.2010.1270.0840.0650.0570.0510.047
), ArticleFig(id=1320882550734697294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Optimization of antigen coating concentration and antibody dilution

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
抗体稀释倍数
(×103)
包被浓度(µg/mL)
0.1250.250.5124
42.4352.7162.9403.3263.4733.511
81.5231.8362.2302.3612.4432.764
160.9301.1381.5801.6541.7741.848
320.4860.6360.8950.9900.971.084
640.3660.4380.5560.5580.5760.698
1280.2030.2970.3150.3280.3430.372
2560.1310.1530.2110.2120.2140.212
空白0.0480.0460.0560.0570.0640.076
), ArticleFig(id=1320882550860526415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

抗原包被浓度和抗体稀释倍数的优化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
抗体稀释倍数
(×103)
包被浓度(µg/mL)
0.1250.250.5124
42.4352.7162.9403.3263.4733.511
81.5231.8362.2302.3612.4432.764
160.9301.1381.5801.6541.7741.848
320.4860.6360.8950.9900.971.084
640.3660.4380.5560.5580.5760.698
1280.2030.2970.3150.3280.3430.372
2560.1310.1530.2110.2120.2140.212
空白0.0480.0460.0560.0570.0640.076
), ArticleFig(id=1320882550944412496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Precision identification of cELISA

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
批间精密度(n=3)批内精密度(n=3)
批号IC50(ng/mL)OD450平行IC50(ng/mL)OD450
11.251.17411.141.035
21.391.03321.221.177
31.151.04031.100.990
41.331.08441.301.105
51.310.98951.261.064
61.400.99561.190.992
平均值1.311.053平均值1.191.077
CV(%)7.1845.963CV(%)6.1926.784
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551032492881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

cELISA精密度鉴定

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
批间精密度(n=3)批内精密度(n=3)
批号IC50(ng/mL)OD450平行IC50(ng/mL)OD450
11.251.17411.141.035
21.391.03321.221.177
31.151.04031.100.990
41.331.08441.301.105
51.310.98951.261.064
61.400.99561.190.992
平均值1.311.053平均值1.191.077
CV(%)7.1845.963CV(%)6.1926.784
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551133156178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Specificity identification of cELISA

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物结构IC50
(ng/mL)
CR
(%)
FA1.12100
DHF9.1712.21
THF54.082.07
蝶酸41.122.72
VB1>104<0.02
VB2>104<0.02
VB3>104<0.02
VB5>104<0.02
VB6>104<0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551229625171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

cELISA特异性鉴定

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物结构IC50
(ng/mL)
CR
(%)
FA1.12100
DHF9.1712.21
THF54.082.07
蝶酸41.122.72
VB1>104<0.02
VB2>104<0.02
VB3>104<0.02
VB5>104<0.02
VB6>104<0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551342871380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Recovery experiment results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实际样品添加值
(ng/mL)
检测值
(ng/mL)
回收率
(%)
RSD
(%)
牛奶0.50.44±0.0388.32±5.35.99
1.00.86±0.0286.33±2.12.41
2.01.88±0.0294.12±1.21.26
能量饮料0.50.45±0.0390.39±6.57.23
1.00.88±0.0388.00±2.63.01
2.01.87±0.0593.29±2.52.71
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551456117589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

加标回收试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实际样品添加值
(ng/mL)
检测值
(ng/mL)
回收率
(%)
RSD
(%)
牛奶0.50.44±0.0388.32±5.35.99
1.00.86±0.0286.33±2.12.41
2.01.88±0.0294.12±1.21.26
能量饮料0.50.45±0.0390.39±6.57.23
1.00.88±0.0388.00±2.63.01
2.01.87±0.0593.29±2.52.71
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551552586582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Determination of complex vitamin B tablets and infant milk powder by cELISA

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实际样品实际样品的OD450阴性孔的
OD450
OD实/OD阴浓度
(ng/mL)
检测一
致率(%)
RSD
(%)
复合B族
维生素片
0.2061.0990.18715.959110.064.60
0.1860.9490.19614.791102.01
0.1670.9110.18316.520113.93
0.2011.1020.18216.634114.72
0.1780.9480.18815.812109.05
婴幼儿
奶粉
0.3611.0860.3324.655103.444.79
0.2850.8710.3274.853107.84
0.3241.0030.3235.023111.62
0.3340.9910.3374.45799.04
0.3180.9770.3254.940109.78
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551628084055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

cELISA检测复合B族维生素片和婴幼儿奶粉

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实际样品实际样品的OD450阴性孔的
OD450
OD实/OD阴浓度
(ng/mL)
检测一
致率(%)
RSD
(%)
复合B族
维生素片
0.2061.0990.18715.959110.064.60
0.1860.9490.19614.791102.01
0.1670.9110.18316.520113.93
0.2011.1020.18216.634114.72
0.1780.9480.18815.812109.05
婴幼儿
奶粉
0.3611.0860.3324.655103.444.79
0.2850.8710.3274.853107.84
0.3241.0030.3235.023111.62
0.3340.9910.3374.45799.04
0.3180.9770.3254.940109.78
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551720358744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Comparison between other detection methods and this method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
检测方法检测范围IC50检测限实际样品检测时间文献
化学发光法5.0~150.0 mg/L*1.3 mg/L叶酸片、人体尿液120 min[34]
比色传感检测法40~260 nmol/L*22 nmol/L叶酸片、人血清和尿液*[35]
荧光分析法4~20 μg/mL*0.17 μg/mL叶酸片15 min[36]
电化学传感检测法5.0~600 μmol/L*2.0 μmol/L叶酸片、菠菜、芹菜、苹果50 min[37]
icELISA法1~100 ng/mL15.0 ng/mL3.0 ng/mL牛奶、奶粉、能量饮料75 min[38]
ELISA法1~81 μg/L3.0 μg/L10.0 μg/L牛奶45 min[19]
ELISA法2.5~100 ng/mL*2.22 ng/mL牛奶75 min[39]
FLISA法2~47 ng/mL24 ng/mL0.1 ng/mL果汁120 min[40]
本方法0.037~33.42 ng/mL1.12 ng/mL0.028 ng/mL牛奶、能量饮料、婴幼儿奶粉、维生素片55 min本方法
), ArticleFig(id=1320882551821022041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882540655784661, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

其它检测方法与本方法的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
检测方法检测范围IC50检测限实际样品检测时间文献
化学发光法5.0~150.0 mg/L*1.3 mg/L叶酸片、人体尿液120 min[34]
比色传感检测法40~260 nmol/L*22 nmol/L叶酸片、人血清和尿液*[35]
荧光分析法4~20 μg/mL*0.17 μg/mL叶酸片15 min[36]
电化学传感检测法5.0~600 μmol/L*2.0 μmol/L叶酸片、菠菜、芹菜、苹果50 min[37]
icELISA法1~100 ng/mL15.0 ng/mL3.0 ng/mL牛奶、奶粉、能量饮料75 min[38]
ELISA法1~81 μg/L3.0 μg/L10.0 μg/L牛奶45 min[19]
ELISA法2.5~100 ng/mL*2.22 ng/mL牛奶75 min[39]
FLISA法2~47 ng/mL24 ng/mL0.1 ng/mL果汁120 min[40]
本方法0.037~33.42 ng/mL1.12 ng/mL0.028 ng/mL牛奶、能量饮料、婴幼儿奶粉、维生素片55 min本方法
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叶酸的高灵敏竞争ELISA方法建立及其初步应用
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王耀 1, * , 李燕飞 1 , 曹金博 2 , 杨喜燕 1 , 黄佳翔 1 , 黄明月 1 , 韩露 1 , 王凯乐 1 , 陈秀金 1 , 李兆周 1 , 张敏 1 , 康怀彬 1, *
食品工业科技 | 分析检测 2026,47(1): 339-347
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食品工业科技 |分析检测 2026 , 47 (1) : 339 -347
叶酸的高灵敏竞争ELISA方法建立及其初步应用
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王耀1, * , 李燕飞1, 曹金博2, 杨喜燕1, 黄佳翔1, 黄明月1, 韩露1, 王凯乐1, 陈秀金1, 李兆周1, 张敏1, 康怀彬1, *
作者信息
  • 1河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院/河南省食品绿色加工与质量安全控制国际联合实验室,河南洛阳 471000
  • 2华南师范大学化学学院,广东广州 510000
通讯作者:
王耀(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品安全快速检测,E-mail:。
康怀彬(1963−),男,硕士,教授,研究方向:食品加工与安全,E-mail:。
作者简介:

王耀(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品安全快速检测,E-mail:

Establishment and Preliminary Application of Highly Sensitive Competitive ELISA for Folic Acid
Yao WANG1, * , Yanfei LI1, Jinbo CAO2, Xiyan YANG1, Jiaxiang HUANG1, Mingyue HUANG1, Lu HAN1, Kaile WANG1, Xiujin CHEN1, Zhaozhou LI1, Min ZHANG1, Huaibin KANG1, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food and Bioengineering/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
  • 2College of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
出版时间: 2026-01-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024120390
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为实现叶酸含量的高灵敏快速检测,本研究通过制备叶酸单克隆抗体,并对检测体系进行优化,建立了高灵敏竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,cELISA)方法。结果表明,当包被抗原浓度为0.5 μg/mL,抗体稀释倍数为16000,二抗稀释倍数为10000,一抗、二抗孵育时间和显色时间分别为15、30、10 min时,建立的cELISA方法半数抑制浓度为1.12 ng/mL,最低检测限为0.028 ng/mL。该方法与维生素B1、B2、烟酸等B族维生素无交叉反应,特异性良好,与叶酸结构类似物二氢叶酸、四氢叶酸、蝶酸的交叉反应率分别为12.21%、2.07%和2.72%,检测牛奶和能量饮料样品的加标回收率分别为88.32%~94.12%和88.00%~93.29%,初步应用于复合B族维生素片和婴幼儿奶粉中叶酸含量的检测一致率分别为102.01%~114.72%和99.04%~111.62%,相对标准偏差均小于5%。本研究为快速检测叶酸含量提供了一种灵敏、特异、准确的方法,能够提高现场检测效率,对于营养强化剂含量的快速检测方法研究具有参考价值。

叶酸  /  单克隆抗体  /  酶联免疫吸附试验  /  应用

In order to achieve high sensitivity and rapid detection of folic acid, this study established a highly sensitive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) by preparing folic acid monoclonal antibody and optimizing the detection system. The results showed that when the concentration of coated antigen was 0.5 μg/mL, the dilution of antibody was 16000 times, and the dilution of secondary antibody was 10000 times, and the incubation time of primary antibody and secondary antibody and color development time were 15, 30, and 10 min, respectively, the established cELISA method had half inhibition concentration of 1.12 ng/mL, and the limit of detection of 0.028 ng/mL. The method had good specificity and no cross-reaction with vitamin B1, B2, niacin and other B vitamins, the cross-reaction rates of dihydrofolic acid, tetrahydrofolic acid and pteric acid were 12.21%, 2.07% and 2.72%, respectively. The recoveries of milk and energy drink samples were 88.32%~94.12% and 88.00%~93.29%, respectively. The consistency rates of folic acid content in B complex vitamin tablets and infant milk powder were 102.01%~114.72% and 99.04%~111.62%, respectively, with relative standard deviation less than 5%. This study provides a sensitive, specific and accurate method for the rapid detection of folic acid content, which can improve the efficiency of field detection, and has a reference value for the rapid detection method of nutrient fortification content.

folic acid  /  monoclonal antibody  /  enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay  /  application
王耀, 李燕飞, 曹金博, 杨喜燕, 黄佳翔, 黄明月, 韩露, 王凯乐, 陈秀金, 李兆周, 张敏, 康怀彬. 叶酸的高灵敏竞争ELISA方法建立及其初步应用. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (1) : 339 -347 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024120390
Yao WANG, Yanfei LI, Jinbo CAO, Xiyan YANG, Jiaxiang HUANG, Mingyue HUANG, Lu HAN, Kaile WANG, Xiujin CHEN, Zhaozhou LI, Min ZHANG, Huaibin KANG. Establishment and Preliminary Application of Highly Sensitive Competitive ELISA for Folic Acid[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (1) : 339 -347 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024120390
叶酸(Folic acid,FA)也称蝶酰谷氨酸,是一种重要的水溶性维生素(VB9),广泛存在于绿叶植物中[1]。FA在DNA合成、红细胞生成和神经系统发育等过程中发挥着关键作用[2−3],也常作为食品营养强化剂添加到多种食品中,以预防FA缺乏引发的健康问题[4]。FA的缺乏可导致巨幼红细胞性贫血、白细胞减少、心脑血管疾病等多种疾病[5−6]。特别是对于孕妇,FA的补充在预防胎儿神经管畸形方面具有重要意义[7]。因此,适当的FA摄入对于不同人群,尤其是孕妇和婴幼儿的健康至关重要。世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐FA剂量为400 μg/d,哺乳期妇女建议应补充FA至产后3个月[8]。我国的FA推荐摄入量根据不同人群进行具体规定,如成人400 μg/d,孕妇600 μg/d,婴幼儿117 μg/d,乳母550 μg/d等[9]。在食品中,FA的添加也有严格标准,如GB 14880-2012《食品安全国家标准 食品营养强化剂使用标准》规定,儿童用调制乳粉和孕产妇用调制乳粉中FA的添加水平应分别为420~3000 μg/kg和2000~8200 μg/kg[10]。然而,过量摄入FA也可能引发健康问题,例如影响锌的代谢,导致维生素B12缺乏,甚至引发孕妇的惊厥等症状[11−12]。因此,需开发出灵敏准确的FA快速检测方法,以保障食品中FA含量的高效监测。
目前,FA的检测方法主要包括微生物法[13]、液相色谱串联质谱法[14]、高效液相色谱串联质谱法[15]等,这些方法虽然具有较高的灵敏度和准确度,但存在操作复杂、样品预处理繁琐、无法进行高通量快速筛查等缺点,限制了其在大批量食品样品的现场检测中应用。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)是通过抗原抗体的特异性结合以及抗体或者抗原上标记的酶催化特定底物发生显色反应,实现目标物检测的免疫分析方法,其涵盖了夹心法、间接法和竞争法等多种检测机制,能够适应不同类型的样品检测[16−17]。ELISA由于具有简便、灵敏和特异等特性,已逐渐成为FA快速检测的主要方法之一。有研究通过制备多克隆抗体(Polyclonal antibody,pAb),建立FA的纳米酶联免疫吸附试验方法[18];也有研究通过制备单克隆抗体(Monoclonal antibody,mAb),研制出ELISA检测试剂盒[19]。但已有方法均只进行了加标回收试验,并未在含有FA的实际样品中进行检测应用,且灵敏度有待提高。
本研究利用免疫原性较强的钥孔血蓝蛋白(Keyhole limpet hemocyanin,KLH)合成人工抗原并免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备免疫学特性良好的mAb。基于竞争原理,通过优化检测体系,建立了高灵敏竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,cELISA)方法,并且应用于牛奶、能量饮料、复合维生素片和婴幼儿奶粉中FA含量的快速检测,为食品中FA含量的灵敏准确检测提供了有效技术手段。
FA、二氢叶酸(DHF)、四氢叶酸(THF)、蝶酸、维生素B1(VB1)、维生素B2(VB2)、烟酸(VB3)、泛酸(VB5)、维生素B6(VB6)、KLH、鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)、N-羟基丁二酰亚胺(NHS) 上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;弗氏完全佐剂(FCA)、弗氏不完全佐剂(FIA)、聚乙二醇-1500(PEG-1500) 美国Sigma公司;DMEM高糖培养基12100 北京索莱宝科技有限公司;Goat Anti-Mouse IgG HRP(GaMIgG-HRP,以下简称二抗) 美国Jackson ImmunoResearch公司;二甲基亚砜(DMSO) 色谱纯,天津市德恩化学试剂有限公司;96孔聚苯乙烯酶标板(ELISA板) 海门施海英实验分析仪器经营部;6周龄SPF级雌性BALB/c小鼠3只(体重约18 g,生产许可证号:SCXK(豫)2020-0005) 河南斯克贝斯生物科技股份有限公司。
Multiskan FC型酶标仪、3111型CO2培养箱 美国Thermo公司;UV-2600紫外可见分光光度计 日本岛津有限公司;H1650R台式高速冷冻离心机 湖南湘仪实验室仪器开发有限公司;Vortex 1涡旋混合机 德国IKA公司;JJ224BF型电子分析天平 德国Sartorius公司;MS-H280-Pro LED数显加热型磁力搅拌器 大龙兴创实验仪器(北京)股份公司。
采用碳二亚胺法[20]将FA标准品分别与载体蛋白KLH、OVA偶联合成FA-KLH、FA-OVA人工抗原。3 mg FA溶解于150 µL DMSO,再加入2.43 mg EDC和1.5 mg NHS,在磁力搅拌器上室温避光活化4~5 h。称量3.16 mg KLH溶解于3 mL的0.05 mol/L 碳酸盐缓冲液(CBS,pH9.6)中,然后将活化后的反应液滴加到KLH溶液中。在磁力搅拌器上室温避光反应5 h后,用0.01 mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS,pH7.4)透析3 d,每天更换两次透析液。透析完成后3000 r/min,离心10 min,取上清,−20 ℃贮存备用。FA-OVA人工抗原以相同方法制备。
将质量浓度一致的FA、KLH、OVA、FA-KLH、FA-OVA溶液,采用UV-2600紫外可见分光光度计在波长200~400 nm范围内进行扫描鉴定,比较FA-KLH、FA-OVA与FA、KLH、OVA的特征峰,初步鉴定FA与载体蛋白是否成功偶联。
单克隆抗体制备过程中动物饲养和实验按照学校医学伦理委员会审查进行,严格遵守实验动物福利伦理规范。将免疫原FA-KLH采用背部皮下注射的方法免疫3只雌性BALB/c小鼠,首次免疫剂量为50 μg/200 μL/只,每间隔14 d后进行加强免疫,将FCA替换为FIA,免疫剂量与首次免疫相同。在第4次加强免疫10 d后采集小鼠尾尖静脉血,获得FA多抗血清(Polyclonal antibody serum,pAbs)。通过多抗血清的鉴定,来验证人工抗原的合成效果,并选择血清效价和敏感性最好的小鼠进行冲击免疫,以100 μg/只的剂量与无菌PBS等体积混合。冲击免疫3 d后,在无菌条件下制备小鼠的脾细胞,使用PEG-1500将脾细胞和SP2/0细胞进行细胞融合,通过阳性孔的筛选和有限稀释法进行亚克隆,筛选出具有抗FA的单克隆杂交瘤细胞株[21]。以细胞接种量为5×105个/1 mL/只,腹腔注射到提前用灭菌液体石蜡处理的2只BALB/c小鼠体内[22],5 d后采集腹水。采用饱和硫酸铵法[23]纯化得到mAb。
采用间接ELISA(Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,iELISA)方法测定抗体效价[24],将FA-OVA作为包被原包被ELISA板,通过加入不同稀释倍数的抗体(设立空白孔)进行检测,在酶标仪中读取450 nm处的吸光值(OD450)。当待测孔OD450大于空白孔OD450的2.1倍,则判定为阳性孔,以阳性孔最小OD450所对应的抗体稀释倍数作为抗体效价。敏感性鉴定是通过梯度加入不同稀释倍数的FA标准品,再加入一定稀释浓度的抗体(效价测定时OD450为1.2左右),并设阳性孔和空白孔[25]。绘制抗体对FA的标准抑制曲线,以B/B0为纵坐标(B是不同质量浓度FA所对应的OD450,B0是FA质量浓度为0时的OD450),以FA质量浓度的对数值为横坐标。最后由标准曲线回归方程计算抗体对FA的IC50,并以此来评价抗体的敏感性。
采用棋盘法确定最佳抗原包被浓度和抗体稀释倍数。用CBS溶液将包被原FA-OVA分别稀释至0.125、0.25、0.5、1、2、4 μg/mL进行包被。采用iELISA和cELISA方法分别测定6个包被浓度下抗体的效价及敏感性,以IC50值最低的一组所对应的抗原包被浓度和抗体稀释浓度为最佳工作浓度。
基于确定的最佳工作浓度,进一步确定二抗稀释倍数、一抗孵育时间、二抗孵育时间和显色时间。二抗稀释倍数以5000、8000、10000、12000、15000倍稀释,一抗、二抗孵育时间和显色时间设定为15、30和10 min;确定二抗稀释倍数后,按照以上条件,参照实验室常用工作时间,分别设置一抗孵育时间15、20、25 min,二抗孵育时间15、30、45 min,显色时间5、10、15 min进行优化[26−27]。以IC50值最低所对应的稀释倍数或工作时间为最佳工作条件。
在上述优化条件下,测定不同质量浓度的FA进行方法灵敏度鉴定。以抑制率B/B0为纵坐标,以FA质量浓度的对数值为横坐标,绘制cELISA标准抑制曲线。通过曲线计算得到IC50和检测范围(IC10~IC90)。对不含FA的空白样品重复检测10次,计算其平均值($\overline{\rm X} $)以及标准偏差(SD),然后将$\overline {\rm X} $−2SD值代入建立的cELISA标准曲线方程,根据公式计算得出检测限(LOD),以此评价该方法的灵敏度。
取不同批次和同一批次包被的ELISA板,利用所建立的cELISA法进行检测,绘制标准曲线,计算IC50值和阳性孔OD450的批间和批内变异系数(Coefficient of variation,CV)[28]。通过批间和批内CV进行精密度鉴定,CV值越低,精密度越高。
通过测定与FA类似物及其它B族维生素的交叉反应率(Cross reactivity rate,CR)[29]进行特异性鉴定。利用建立的cELISA方法分析DHF、THF、蝶酸、VB1、VB2、VB3、VB5、VB6。依据公式CR(%)=IC50(FA)/IC50(其它化合物)×100,计算CR值,CR值越小,说明FA与其交叉反应越小,抗体的特异性越好。
将不含FA的牛奶和能量饮料样品中添加不同浓度的FA标准品溶液,进行加标回收试验。牛奶样品经过热处理(100 ℃)10 min,室温下8000 r/min,离心10 min,去除上层脂肪取上清;能量饮料样品通过0.2 µm的过滤膜,去除样品中的颗粒物。用PBS溶液将牛奶和能量饮料样品分别稀释5、10、15、20倍后按照建立的cELISA方法对样品分析。通过对比建立的基质曲线和标准曲线,选取基质影响基本消除的稀释倍数进行后续实验。经过处理的牛奶和能量饮料样品溶液,分别配制成0.5、1.0、2.0 ng/mL三个浓度的FA溶液,利用建立的cELISA方法进行检测,以平均回收率和相对标准偏差(Relative standard deviation,RSD)鉴定方法准确度。
FA在食品中通常作为营养强化剂用于调制乳粉中,也用于固体饮料等其他食品。根据婴幼儿奶粉和复合B族维生素片产品标明的FA含量,婴幼儿奶粉中每100 g含90 μg的FA,复合B族维生素片中每1.8 g含260 μg的FA。将婴幼儿奶粉用纯水溶解,超声5 min,热处理(100 ℃)10 min,室温下8000 r/min,离心10 min,取上清[30],配制5 mg/mL的婴幼儿奶粉溶液,其所含FA的浓度为4.5 ng/mL;将复合B族维生素片研磨成粉末状,用0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液溶解,室温下8000 r/min,离心10 min,取上清,配制100 μg/mL的复合B族维生素溶液,其所含FA的浓度为14.5 ng/mL。将上述样品按照建立的cELISA方法检测,计算得出FA检测值,与样品实际标明的FA含量进行对比,通过检测一致率(检测值/实际值×100)和RSD验证方法用于实际样品检测的有效性和准确性。
在实验数据中所有未标明数据均为3次平行实验结果。数据采用Microsoft Office 2021软件进行处理,使用Origin 2022软件进行绘图。
高免疫原性抗原的合成是制备高亲和力mAb的关键,KLH比牛血清白蛋白(BSA)有更高的免疫原性[31−32]。本研究选择KLH和OVA作为免疫原和包被原的偶联蛋白,合成人工抗原FA-KLH和FA-OVA,经紫外分光光度计鉴定结果如图1所示,FA的吸收峰在280 nm和365 nm处,人工抗原FA-KLH和FA-OVA在280 nm的吸光度比载体蛋白KLH和OVA增大4.6倍和4.8倍,并在365 nm处出现特征峰,初步表明人工抗原合成成功。
采用iELISA方法检测FA pAbs的效价,结果如表1所示,用FA-KLH免疫小鼠可以刺激小鼠产生抗体,免疫的3只小鼠多抗血清效价均在1:64000以上,进一步表明FA人工抗原合成成功,且具有较好的免疫效果。经过4次加强免疫后FA对抗体的抑制效果显著,其中3号小鼠的抑制效果最好。如图2所示,3号小鼠的线性回归方程为y=−0.363x+0.920,R2=0.908,IC50为14.35 ng/mL。
冲击免疫3号小鼠后,将小鼠脾细胞和SP2/0细胞进行融合。在HAT培养基培养7 d后,取每孔细胞上清,用iELISA筛选出强阳性孔(OD450>2.0),用cELISA对强阳性孔进一步筛选,使用有限稀释法对筛选出抑制效果好的强阳性孔进行亚克隆。最终获得了杂交瘤细胞株11A6-1A4,经诱生腹水法获得了FA-mAb,其效价为2.56×105。
通过棋盘实验来确定抗原包被浓度和抗体稀释倍数,由表2和图3可以看出,当抗原包被浓度为0.5 µg/mL,抗体稀释倍数为16000时,IC50最低,敏感性最好,最终确定此包被浓度和抗体稀释倍数为最佳工作浓度。
根据1.2.3中确定的反应条件,对二抗稀释倍数、一抗孵育时间、二抗孵育时间和显色时间进行优化,以IC50值最低所对应的稀释倍数和工作时间为最佳工作条件。如图4(a)所示,当二抗稀释倍数为10000时,IC50值最小。如图4(b)所示,当一抗孵育时间为15 min时,IC50值最小。如图4(c)所示,当二抗孵育时间为30 min时,IC50值最小。如图4(d)所示,当显色时间为10 min时,IC50值最小。因此,最终确定二抗稀释倍数为10000倍,一抗孵育时间为15 min,二抗孵育时间为30 min,显色时间为10 min。
通过确定最佳包被浓度、抗体稀释倍数、二抗稀释倍数、一抗孵育时间、二抗孵育时间和显色时间,建立了cELISA方法。方法标准抑制曲线如图5所示,线性方程为y=−0.271x+0.513,R2=0.990,IC50为1.12 ng/mL,检测范围为0.037~33.42 ng/mL,检测不含FA的空白样品得到LOD为0.028 ng/mL,具有高灵敏度。
采用cELISA法对不同批次和同一批次包被的ELISA板分别测定IC50值。结果如表3所示,批间IC50值和阳性孔OD450的CV分别为7.184%和5.963%,批内IC50值和阳性孔OD450的CV分别为6.192%和6.784%,均小于10%,说明所建立的cELISA方法具有良好的精密度。
采用cELISA法分析FA类似物及其它B族维生素的交叉反应率,结果如表4所示,由于类似物DHF、THF、蝶酸与FA在蝶呤环和对氨基苯甲酸部分结构相似[33],导致抗体存在一定的交叉反应,交叉反应率分别为12.21%、2.07%和2.72%,但这三种物质不作为食品添加剂使用,不影响实际样品中FA的检测结果;与VB1、VB2、VB3、VB5、VB6无交叉反应,表明在检测过程中FA抗体对非目标物的亲和力较低,特异性较好,可有效排除其它物质干扰。
牛奶样品中含有大量的蛋白质、脂肪、维生素和矿物质等,基质成分复杂。这些基质成分在ELISA检测过程中会干扰抗原和抗体的结合反应,从而影响检测结果的准确性。牛奶和能量饮料样品经过处理后分别稀释5、10、15、20倍,按照建立的cELISA方法绘制其标准曲线。如图6所示,牛奶和能量饮料样品在5、10、15、20倍稀释下的IC50分别为1.81、1.44、1.17、1.52 ng/mL和2.56、1.29、1.36、1.61 ng/mL。结果表明,牛奶和能量饮料样品分别在15倍和10倍稀释下与cELISA条件下的IC50最为接近,且标准曲线基本吻合。因此,最终确定将牛奶和能量饮料样品经过前处理后使用PBS溶液稀释15倍和10倍以消除其基质干扰。
牛奶和能量饮料样品溶液中FA加标回收试验结果如表5所示,牛奶和能量饮料样品溶液中FA的回收率范围分别为88.32%~94.12%和88.00%~93.29%,RSD分别为1.26%~5.99%和2.71%~7.23%,说明建立的cELISA方法具有较高的准确度。
由表6可知,复合B族维生素溶液中所含FA的浓度为14.791~16.634 ng/mL,与所含浓度14.5 ng/mL相比,检测一致率为102.01%~114.72%,RSD为4.60%;婴幼儿奶粉溶液中所含FA的浓度为4.457~5.023 ng/mL,与所含浓度4.5 ng/mL相比,检测一致率为99.04%~111.62%,RSD为4.79%。因此,所建立的cELISA方法能够有效应用于实际样品中FA含量的检测,且具有较高的准确性。将本方法与现有文献报道其它检测方法的检测性能进行比较,如表7所示,本方法灵敏度高,检测限达到0.028 ng/mL,不需要复杂的仪器设备即可进行痕量分析,在资源有限或现场快速检测的情况下具有显著优势,对于提高FA含量的检测效率具有实际意义。
抗体是建立免疫分析方法的关键试剂,本研究以FA-KLH作为免疫原,通过动物免疫制备出了高效价和高敏感性的mAb,通过优化检测体系,成功建立了cELISA方法。本方法实现了对FA的高灵敏快速检测,IC50为1.12 ng/mL,LOD为0.028 ng/mL,检测范围为0.037~33.42 ng/mL。经鉴定,cELISA方法具有良好的精密度,与FA结构类似物DHF、THF、蝶酸的交叉反应率分别为12.21%、2.07%和2.72%,与其他B族维生素无交叉反应,特异性良好。牛奶和能量饮料样品的加标回收率分别为88.32%~94.12%和88.00%~93.29%,RSD分别为1.26%~5.99%和2.71%~7.23%,复合B族维生素溶液和婴幼儿奶粉溶液中的FA含量检测一致率分别为102.01%~114.72%和99.04%~111.62%,RSD分别为4.60%和4.79%。本方法具有灵敏、快速、准确等优势,而且能够应用于含有FA的实际样品检测,对于提高FA含量检测效率具有实际意义。尽管本研究在FA的高灵敏快速检测方面取得了一定进展,但对于复杂样品基质效应的消除需要进一步探索与改进,以应用于更多实际样品的检测。

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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024120390
  • 接收时间:2024-12-30
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-01-01
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    1河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院/河南省食品绿色加工与质量安全控制国际联合实验室,河南洛阳 471000
    2华南师范大学化学学院,广东广州 510000

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王耀(1986−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品安全快速检测,E-mail:。
康怀彬(1963−),男,硕士,教授,研究方向:食品加工与安全,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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