Article(id=1320882134529717118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320881884691808691, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060336, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1750867200000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852441675, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1782835200000, pubDateStr=2026-07-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852441675, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852441675, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852441675, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320881884691808691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='13', pageStart='1', pageEnd='522', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1782835200000', pubDateStr='2026-07-01', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792852382109, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792852382109, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=356, endPage=366, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320882134785569663, articleId=1320882134529717118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effects of Different Sterilization Methods and Storage Temperatures on Quality Changes during Storage of NFC Grape Juice, columnId=1261343845820805453, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Storage and Preservation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To investigate the effects of different sterilization methods and storage temperatures on the quality changes of grape juice, this study examined four grape varieties characteristic of Xinjiang (Kyoho, Summer Black, Red Globe, and Thompson Seedless) as subjects. We compared two sterilization methods: pasteurization (90 °C/10 min) and ultra-high pressure sterilization (400 MPa/16 min). The study analyzed changes in microbial, physicochemical, and nutritional indicators of grape juice treated with these methods during storage at 4 °C and 25 °C. The results showed that both pasteurization treatment and ultra-high pressure sterilization treatment could effectively inhibit the microbial growth of the juice during the 35 d storage period, maintaining the juice in a commercially sterile state throughout. Simultaneously, combining both sterilization methods with low-temperature storage better preserved the sensory and nutritional qualities of grape juice. The pH levels of grape juice treated with different sterilization methods remained stable during the initial storage period but showed a declining trend in the later stages (P<0.05). Compared to other treatment groups, pasteurization combined with 4 °C storage was more effective in maintaining the color of all four grape juice samples. Compared to pasteurization, ultra-high pressure sterilization combined with low-temperature storage could delay the degradation of reducing sugar and total acidity, thereby better preserving phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Ultra-high pressure sterilization combined with 4 °C storage resulted in the following reducing sugar retention rates for four grape juices: Kyoho (91.56%), Summer Black (91.41%), Thompson Seedless (93.17%), and Red Globe (86.48%). Total acid retention rates were 95.26%, 96.28%, 92.88%, and 97.74%, respectively. Total phenolic retention rates were 80.44%, 93.98%, 90.12%, and 89.11%, respectively. Flavonoid retention rates were 84.21%, 91.55%, 85.47%, and 83.16%, respectively. In conclusion, both pasteurization and ultra-high pressure sterilization demonstrated effective sterilization results for all four grape juice samples. However, ultra-high pressure sterilization showed superior advantages in preserving the nutritional quality of grape juice. When combined with cold storage, it helped delay quality deterioration and facilitated the retention of nutrients. This study provided a theoretical basis and technical reference for grape juice processing, storage, preservation techniques, and extending shelf life.

, authors=Huimin DONG, Yuting MA, Rong HE*, authorsList=Huimin DONG, Yuting MA, Rong HE, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Rong HE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320882135964169096, articleId=1320882134529717118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=不同杀菌方式和贮藏温度对NFC葡萄汁贮藏期间品质变化的影响, columnId=1261343846517059923, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=贮运保鲜, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究不同杀菌方式和贮藏温度对葡萄汁品质变化的影响,本研究以新疆特色葡萄品种(巨峰、夏黑、红提、无核白)四种葡萄汁为研究对象,对比巴氏杀菌(Pasteurization,90 ℃/10 min)和超高压灭菌(Ultra-High Pressure Sterilization,400 MPa/16 min)两种杀菌方式,分析其在4 ℃和25 ℃贮藏过程中微生物指标、理化指标及营养指标的变化情况。结果表明,巴氏杀菌处理和超高压杀菌处理均能有效抑制35 d贮藏期果汁的微生物生长,使果汁始终保持在商业无菌的状态。同时,两种杀菌方式结合低温贮藏能够更好地保持葡萄汁的感官品质及营养品质,均在贮藏初期pH相对稳定,在后期呈现下降趋势(P<0.05);巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃贮藏相较于其他处理组能够更好地维持四种葡萄汁的色泽。与巴氏杀菌相比,超高压杀菌结合低温贮藏可延缓还原糖和总酸的降解,更利于酚类物质和黄酮的保留。超高压杀菌处理结合4 ℃贮藏巨峰、夏黑、无核白、红提四种葡萄汁的还原糖保留率分别为91.56%、91.41%、93.17%、86.48%,总酸保留率分别为95.26%、96.28%、92.88%、97.74%,总酚保留率分别为80.44%、93.98%、90.12%、89.11%;黄酮保留率分别为84.21%、91.55%、85.47%、83.16%。综上所述,巴氏杀菌和超高压杀菌对四种葡萄汁均有良好的杀菌效果,但超高压杀菌在维持葡萄汁营养品质方面更具优势,并且结合低温贮藏有助于延缓品质劣变,利于营养物质的保留,为葡萄汁的加工贮藏、保鲜技术以及延长货架期提供了理论依据与技术参考。

, authors=董慧敏, 马雨婷, 何荣*, authorsList=董慧敏, 马雨婷, 何荣, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=何荣, authorNote=

董慧敏(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品营养,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
何荣(1983−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品营养,E-mail:。
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董慧敏(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品营养,E-mail:

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keyword=品质变化)], refs=[Reference(id=1320882148438029243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TEIXEIRA J C, RIBEIRO C, SIMÔES R, et al. 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Food and Fermentation Industries, 2023, 49(2): 195−201., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882157250261997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=代文清. 苹果梨黑果腺肋花楸汁贮藏品质变化及体外模拟胃肠消化[D]. 锦州: 渤海大学, 2021. [DAI Wenqing. Quality changes of Pingguo pear and Aronia melanocarpa compound juice during storage and gastrointestinal digestion in vitro[D]. Jinzhou: Bohai University, 2021.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882157338342382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DAI Wenqing. Quality changes of Pingguo pear and Aronia melanocarpa compound juice during storage and gastrointestinal digestion in vitro[D]. Jinzhou: Bohai University, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882157405451247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=常亚飞, 何云华, 黄淑萍, 等. 不同存储温度对苹果多酚和黄酮类化合物含量的影响[J]. 应用化工, 2015, 44(2): 217−219. [CHANG Yafei, HE Yunhua, HUANG Shuping, et al. Effects of different storage temperatures on apple polyphenols and flavonoids contents[J]. Applied Chemical Industry, 2015, 44(2): 217−219.], articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320882157514503152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHANG Yafei, HE Yunhua, HUANG Shuping, et al. Effects of different storage temperatures on apple polyphenols and flavonoids contents[J]. Applied Chemical Industry, 2015, 44(2): 217−219., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320882136203244425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882136211633034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, companyId=1320882136203244425, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320882136220021643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, companyId=1320882136203244425, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏南京 210023)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320882144084341670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Changes in reducing sugar content of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures, figureFileSmall=mzTuVt10uPF0UUEWYqnPcA==, figureFileBig=juWIZRSJjwMe98HWnj9ohA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882144147256231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁还原糖含量变化

注:不同大写字母表示组间差异显著(P<0.05),不同小写字母表示组内差异显著(P<0.05);图2~图4同。

, figureFileSmall=mzTuVt10uPF0UUEWYqnPcA==, figureFileBig=juWIZRSJjwMe98HWnj9ohA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882144575075240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Changes in total acid content of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures, figureFileSmall=bYzM7EKDXYGLRn1bZfKBMw==, figureFileBig=6twHGll9PnLVyKvACxZtog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882144935785385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁总酸含量变化, figureFileSmall=bYzM7EKDXYGLRn1bZfKBMw==, figureFileBig=6twHGll9PnLVyKvACxZtog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882145011282858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Changes in total phenolic content of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures, figureFileSmall=8BVJQNobM4GcQm0OqblIAw==, figureFileBig=J3ZsYQ0hZsqkuMlFOcrmpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882145074197419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁总酚含量变化, figureFileSmall=8BVJQNobM4GcQm0OqblIAw==, figureFileBig=J3ZsYQ0hZsqkuMlFOcrmpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882145338438572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Changes in flavonoid content of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures, figureFileSmall=Ra9RO0yhhMBoXjYsqIrizw==, figureFileBig=T8hC70aixkmGocEDUEwApA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882145405547438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁黄酮含量变化, figureFileSmall=Ra9RO0yhhMBoXjYsqIrizw==, figureFileBig=T8hC70aixkmGocEDUEwApA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320882145485239215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Changes in pH of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌44.03±0.01Da4.00±0.01EFab3.98±0.01Db3.95±0.02Gbc3.95±0.01Gbc3.93±0.02Fc
254.03±0.01Da4.01±0.01EFab3.94±0.01Ebc3.92±0.01Hbc3.93±0.01Hc3.89±0.03Gd
超高压杀菌44.04±0.01CDab4.07±0.01Ca4.03±0.01Cab4.03±0.01DEbc4.02±0.01CDbc4.00±0.03ABCDc
254.04±0.01CDa4.00±0.01EFb3.95±0.01DEc3.88±0.01Id3.89±0.01Id3.87±0.02Gd
夏黑巴氏杀菌44.06±0.01Ba4.05±0.01CDab4.04±0.01Cab4.02±0.02Ebc4.00±0.01DEFc3.97±0.02CDEc
254.06±0.01Ba4.06±0.03CDab4.04±0.01Cabc4.04±0.01CDabc4.02±0.01CDbc3.95±0.01EFc
超高压杀菌44.05±0.01BCa4.05±0.02CDa4.02±0.01Ca4.03±0.01DEa4.02±0.02Ca4.00±0.01ABCDab
254.05±0.01BCa4.03±0.01DEa3.97±0.02Db3.98±0.01Fb3.96±0.01Gb3.89±0.04Gc
无核白巴氏杀菌43.93±0.01Ea3.94±0.04Ga3.94±0.02Ea3.92±0.01Ha3.90±0.02Iab3.86±0.01GHb
253.93±0.01Eb4.01±0.03EFa3.96±0.01Db3.93±0.01Hb3.86±0.02Jc3.84±0.01HIc
超高压杀菌43.95±0.01Db3.95±0.01Gb3.98±0.02Dab4.02±0.02Ea4.00±0.01EFa3.98±0.01CDEb
253.95±0.01Db3.98±0.01Fa3.98±0.02Db3.95±0.02Gb3.90±0.01Ic3.83±0.01Ic
红提巴氏杀菌44.08±0.01Aab4.11±0.02Aa4.11±0.02Aa4.08±0.01Aab4.06±0.01Ab4.02±0.02ABc
254.08±0.01Aa4.09±0.02ABa4.11±0.01Aa4.07±0.02ABa3.99±0.01Fb3.97±0.01DEb
超高压杀菌44.06±0.01Bab4.08±0.02BCa4.08±0.02Ba4.06±0.01BCab4.04±0.01Bb4.03±0.01Ab
254.06±0.01Ba4.08±0.02BCa4.07±0.01Ba4.03±0.01DEab4.01±0.01CDEbc3.99±0.01BCDbc
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147146183600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁pH变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌44.03±0.01Da4.00±0.01EFab3.98±0.01Db3.95±0.02Gbc3.95±0.01Gbc3.93±0.02Fc
254.03±0.01Da4.01±0.01EFab3.94±0.01Ebc3.92±0.01Hbc3.93±0.01Hc3.89±0.03Gd
超高压杀菌44.04±0.01CDab4.07±0.01Ca4.03±0.01Cab4.03±0.01DEbc4.02±0.01CDbc4.00±0.03ABCDc
254.04±0.01CDa4.00±0.01EFb3.95±0.01DEc3.88±0.01Id3.89±0.01Id3.87±0.02Gd
夏黑巴氏杀菌44.06±0.01Ba4.05±0.01CDab4.04±0.01Cab4.02±0.02Ebc4.00±0.01DEFc3.97±0.02CDEc
254.06±0.01Ba4.06±0.03CDab4.04±0.01Cabc4.04±0.01CDabc4.02±0.01CDbc3.95±0.01EFc
超高压杀菌44.05±0.01BCa4.05±0.02CDa4.02±0.01Ca4.03±0.01DEa4.02±0.02Ca4.00±0.01ABCDab
254.05±0.01BCa4.03±0.01DEa3.97±0.02Db3.98±0.01Fb3.96±0.01Gb3.89±0.04Gc
无核白巴氏杀菌43.93±0.01Ea3.94±0.04Ga3.94±0.02Ea3.92±0.01Ha3.90±0.02Iab3.86±0.01GHb
253.93±0.01Eb4.01±0.03EFa3.96±0.01Db3.93±0.01Hb3.86±0.02Jc3.84±0.01HIc
超高压杀菌43.95±0.01Db3.95±0.01Gb3.98±0.02Dab4.02±0.02Ea4.00±0.01EFa3.98±0.01CDEb
253.95±0.01Db3.98±0.01Fa3.98±0.02Db3.95±0.02Gb3.90±0.01Ic3.83±0.01Ic
红提巴氏杀菌44.08±0.01Aab4.11±0.02Aa4.11±0.02Aa4.08±0.01Aab4.06±0.01Ab4.02±0.02ABc
254.08±0.01Aa4.09±0.02ABa4.11±0.01Aa4.07±0.02ABa3.99±0.01Fb3.97±0.01DEb
超高压杀菌44.06±0.01Bab4.08±0.02BCa4.08±0.02Ba4.06±0.01BCab4.04±0.01Bb4.03±0.01Ab
254.06±0.01Ba4.08±0.02BCa4.07±0.01Ba4.03±0.01DEab4.01±0.01CDEbc3.99±0.01BCDbc
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147234263985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Changes in L* values of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌452.85±0.03Fb53.47±0.03Ma52.84±0.02Kb52.73±0.03Lb51.80±0.07Lc51.74±0.23Lc
2552.85±0.03Fa53.22±0.05Nb52.05±0.01Lc51.07±0.05Md50.44±0.07Me49.93±0.08Mf
超高压杀菌447.57±0.05Ga46.45±0.02Ob44.72±0.17Nc42.28±0.04Nd41.32±0.09Oe40.19±0.03Of
2547.57±0.05Ga44.78±0.09Pe45.63±0.49Mcd46.27±0.02Od46.91±0.01Nb45.67±0.18Nbc
夏黑巴氏杀菌478.81±0.03Cd80.29±0.04Ba79.57±0.05Ab79.36±0.03Bc79.34±0.03Bc78.54±0.04Ae
2578.81±0.03Ce80.20±0.04Cb79.58±0.04Ad79.75±0.04Ac80.06±0.03Aa78.40±0.06Af
超高压杀菌479.85±0.03Ab81.03±0.01Aa79.37±0.06Ac78.26±0.09Cd77.47±0.04De76.11±0.05Cf
2579.85±0.03Aa78.93±0.02Dcd78.93±0.11Bc79.66±0.32Bab79.24±0.13Cbc74.26±0.07Ed
无核白巴氏杀菌478.72±0.02Ca78.41±0.02Eb77.79±0.03Cc77.50±0.04Dd77.39±0.03De77.55±0.01Bd
2578.72±0.02Ca77.65±0.06Fb76.05±0.03Dc76.10±0.03Ec75.61±0.06Ed75.88±0.04De
超高压杀菌479.46±0.03Ba73.65±0.02Gb69.72±0.05Fc65.68±0.23Gd63.84±0.08He62.57±0.15Hf
2579.46±0.03Ba70.55±0.05Hc70.52±0.59Ec71.39±0.13Fb69.94±0.08Fc71.35±0.04Fb
红提巴氏杀菌462.11±0.11Ea61.98±0.06Ka61.13±0.09Id61.34±0.02Jc61.58±0.02Jb61.56±0.07Ib
2562.11±0.11Eb61.65±0.06Lc60.43±0.05Je60.95±0.02Kd63.03±0.06Ia60.50±0.05Ke
超高压杀菌470.92±0.05Da67.45±0.07Ib65.28±0.07Gc63.84±0.03Hd60.59±0.11Ke60.90±0.13Je
2570.92±0.05Da64.62±0.06Jbc64.41±0.69Hd61.54±0.03Ie64.46±0.07Gbcd65.06±0.02Gb
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147326538674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁L*值变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌452.85±0.03Fb53.47±0.03Ma52.84±0.02Kb52.73±0.03Lb51.80±0.07Lc51.74±0.23Lc
2552.85±0.03Fa53.22±0.05Nb52.05±0.01Lc51.07±0.05Md50.44±0.07Me49.93±0.08Mf
超高压杀菌447.57±0.05Ga46.45±0.02Ob44.72±0.17Nc42.28±0.04Nd41.32±0.09Oe40.19±0.03Of
2547.57±0.05Ga44.78±0.09Pe45.63±0.49Mcd46.27±0.02Od46.91±0.01Nb45.67±0.18Nbc
夏黑巴氏杀菌478.81±0.03Cd80.29±0.04Ba79.57±0.05Ab79.36±0.03Bc79.34±0.03Bc78.54±0.04Ae
2578.81±0.03Ce80.20±0.04Cb79.58±0.04Ad79.75±0.04Ac80.06±0.03Aa78.40±0.06Af
超高压杀菌479.85±0.03Ab81.03±0.01Aa79.37±0.06Ac78.26±0.09Cd77.47±0.04De76.11±0.05Cf
2579.85±0.03Aa78.93±0.02Dcd78.93±0.11Bc79.66±0.32Bab79.24±0.13Cbc74.26±0.07Ed
无核白巴氏杀菌478.72±0.02Ca78.41±0.02Eb77.79±0.03Cc77.50±0.04Dd77.39±0.03De77.55±0.01Bd
2578.72±0.02Ca77.65±0.06Fb76.05±0.03Dc76.10±0.03Ec75.61±0.06Ed75.88±0.04De
超高压杀菌479.46±0.03Ba73.65±0.02Gb69.72±0.05Fc65.68±0.23Gd63.84±0.08He62.57±0.15Hf
2579.46±0.03Ba70.55±0.05Hc70.52±0.59Ec71.39±0.13Fb69.94±0.08Fc71.35±0.04Fb
红提巴氏杀菌462.11±0.11Ea61.98±0.06Ka61.13±0.09Id61.34±0.02Jc61.58±0.02Jb61.56±0.07Ib
2562.11±0.11Eb61.65±0.06Lc60.43±0.05Je60.95±0.02Kd63.03±0.06Ia60.50±0.05Ke
超高压杀菌470.92±0.05Da67.45±0.07Ib65.28±0.07Gc63.84±0.03Hd60.59±0.11Ke60.90±0.13Je
2570.92±0.05Da64.62±0.06Jbc64.41±0.69Hd61.54±0.03Ie64.46±0.07Gbcd65.06±0.02Gb
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147410424755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Changes in a* values of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌425.44±0.02Bd25.56±0.02Dcd25.86±0.02Bb25.77±0.01Cbc26.17±0.03Ca25.77±0.2Cbc
2525.44±0.02Bd25.78±0.03Cb25.76±0Bb25.78±0.02Cb25.96±0.02Da25.68±0.02Cc
超高压杀菌434.03±0.57Ab34.02±0.03Bb34.34±0.02Ab35.12±0.01Aa35.36±0.02Aa35.00±0.05Aa
2534.03±0.57Ab35.14±0.04Aa34.20±0.03Ab33.31±0.03Bc32.50±0.01Bd32.19±0.01Bd
夏黑巴氏杀菌417.96±0.01Da17.54±0.03Ib17.20±0.04Fc17.11±0.02Hd17.03±0.02Ie16.57±0.04Hf
2517.96±0.01Da17.01±0.04Jb15.95±0.01Ic15.30±0.03Jd14.77±0.03Lf15.02±0.04Je
超高压杀菌418.58±0.01Ce18.56±0.01He19.11±0.03Ed20.01±0.05Ec20.61±0.03Fb20.78±0.08Fa
2518.58±0.01Cc20.03±0.01Fb18.79±0.06Dc18.25±0.17Gd17.80±0.06He22.17±0.11Da
无核白巴氏杀菌46.93±0.01Gf7.17±0.01Oe7.41±0.01Md7.61±0.02Mb7.68±0Oa7.52±0.01Mc
256.93±0.01Ge7.71±0.03Nd7.98±0.02Lc8.51±0.02Lb8.60±0.01Na8.49±0.02Lb
超高压杀菌48.54±0.02Ff13.00±0.02Me14.91±0.03Jd16.66±0.03Ic17.04±0.02Ib17.87±0.03Ga
258.54±0.02Fe15.13±0.04La14.07±0.28Kb13.37±0.06Kc13.24±0.02Mc12.68±0.03Kd
红提巴氏杀菌417.06±0.05Ea16.95±0.04Kb16.62±0.05Hc17.07±0.02Ha16.71±0.02Jc16.41±0.04Id
2517.06±0.05Ea16.96±0.03JKb16.82±0.02Gc16.67±0.02Id16.26±0.01Kf16.39±0.03Ie
超高压杀菌417.19±0.03Ef19.11±0.04Ge19.89±0.03Cc19.38±0.01Fd21.90±0.02Ea21.78±0.04Eb
2517.19±0.03Ef20.97±0.03Eb19.75±0.28Cc21.71±0.03Da18.94±0.05Gd17.98±0.03Ge
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147490116532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁a*值变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌425.44±0.02Bd25.56±0.02Dcd25.86±0.02Bb25.77±0.01Cbc26.17±0.03Ca25.77±0.2Cbc
2525.44±0.02Bd25.78±0.03Cb25.76±0Bb25.78±0.02Cb25.96±0.02Da25.68±0.02Cc
超高压杀菌434.03±0.57Ab34.02±0.03Bb34.34±0.02Ab35.12±0.01Aa35.36±0.02Aa35.00±0.05Aa
2534.03±0.57Ab35.14±0.04Aa34.20±0.03Ab33.31±0.03Bc32.50±0.01Bd32.19±0.01Bd
夏黑巴氏杀菌417.96±0.01Da17.54±0.03Ib17.20±0.04Fc17.11±0.02Hd17.03±0.02Ie16.57±0.04Hf
2517.96±0.01Da17.01±0.04Jb15.95±0.01Ic15.30±0.03Jd14.77±0.03Lf15.02±0.04Je
超高压杀菌418.58±0.01Ce18.56±0.01He19.11±0.03Ed20.01±0.05Ec20.61±0.03Fb20.78±0.08Fa
2518.58±0.01Cc20.03±0.01Fb18.79±0.06Dc18.25±0.17Gd17.80±0.06He22.17±0.11Da
无核白巴氏杀菌46.93±0.01Gf7.17±0.01Oe7.41±0.01Md7.61±0.02Mb7.68±0Oa7.52±0.01Mc
256.93±0.01Ge7.71±0.03Nd7.98±0.02Lc8.51±0.02Lb8.60±0.01Na8.49±0.02Lb
超高压杀菌48.54±0.02Ff13.00±0.02Me14.91±0.03Jd16.66±0.03Ic17.04±0.02Ib17.87±0.03Ga
258.54±0.02Fe15.13±0.04La14.07±0.28Kb13.37±0.06Kc13.24±0.02Mc12.68±0.03Kd
红提巴氏杀菌417.06±0.05Ea16.95±0.04Kb16.62±0.05Hc17.07±0.02Ha16.71±0.02Jc16.41±0.04Id
2517.06±0.05Ea16.96±0.03JKb16.82±0.02Gc16.67±0.02Id16.26±0.01Kf16.39±0.03Ie
超高压杀菌417.19±0.03Ef19.11±0.04Ge19.89±0.03Cc19.38±0.01Fd21.90±0.02Ea21.78±0.04Eb
2517.19±0.03Ef20.97±0.03Eb19.75±0.28Cc21.71±0.03Da18.94±0.05Gd17.98±0.03Ge
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147574002613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Changes in b* values of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌453.51±0.63Bb54.34±0.01Da53.95±0.02Dab53.66±0.04Dab54.06±0.05Dab53.63±0.31Db
2553.51±0.63Bb54.91±0.04Ca54.83±0.04Ca54.67±0.06Ca55.06±0.04Ca54.76±0.04Ca
超高压杀菌462.25±0.04Aa62.05±0.04Ab61.55±0.03Ac61.15±0.12Ad60.90±0.02Ae59.64±0.04Af
2562.25±0.04Aa60.54±0.12Bb59.92±0.09Bc59.16±0.01Bd58.60±0.09Be57.92±0.06Bf
夏黑巴氏杀菌428.29±0.05Gc27.71±0.04Me28.12±0.07Md28.21±0.03Ncd28.65±0.03Mb28.80±0.03Na
2528.29±0.05Gf29.47±0.06Le31.64±0.02Ld33.95±0.06Lc34.63±0.04Ib35.99±0.07Ia
超高压杀菌424.71±0.04He24.35±0.06Of24.97±0.08Od25.98±0.06Pc27.46±0.04Nb28.27±0.06Oa
2524.71±0.04Hf26.25±0.1Nd25.90±0.08Ne27.05±0.1Ob27.18±0.05Oa26.53±0.02Pc
无核白巴氏杀菌433.98±0.04Dc33.90±0.01IJd33.92±0.01Jd34.16±0.04Kb34.23±0.01Ka33.95±0.01Lbcd
2533.98±0.04Dd34.28±0.05HIc34.34±0.03Ic35.53±0.04Ib35.66±0.06Ha35.68±0.07Ja
超高压杀菌434.79±0.03Cf40.84±0.05Fe42.69±0.07Ed44.78±0.07Ec45.34±0.03Eb46.22±0.09Ea
2534.79±0.03Cc42.49±0.07Eb41.59±0.44Fc42.78±0.09Fb42.98±0.04Fab43.30±0.05Fa
红提巴氏杀菌433.47±0.04Ed33.67±0.04JKbc33.32±0.05Ke33.58±0.02Mcd33.88±0.04La33.76±0.07Mab
2533.47±0.04Eb32.87±1.16Kb33.98±0.04Ja34.68±0.03Ja34.49±0Ja34.91±0.09Ka
超高压杀菌430.77±0.03Fe34.77±0.05Hd35.58±0.03Hc37.93±0.03Gb37.99±0.02Gb38.60±0.02Ga
2530.77±0.03Fd36.23±0.04Gc35.83±0.35Gc37.70±0.04Hb38.03±0.07Gab38.12±0.04Ha
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147649500086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁b*值变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌453.51±0.63Bb54.34±0.01Da53.95±0.02Dab53.66±0.04Dab54.06±0.05Dab53.63±0.31Db
2553.51±0.63Bb54.91±0.04Ca54.83±0.04Ca54.67±0.06Ca55.06±0.04Ca54.76±0.04Ca
超高压杀菌462.25±0.04Aa62.05±0.04Ab61.55±0.03Ac61.15±0.12Ad60.90±0.02Ae59.64±0.04Af
2562.25±0.04Aa60.54±0.12Bb59.92±0.09Bc59.16±0.01Bd58.60±0.09Be57.92±0.06Bf
夏黑巴氏杀菌428.29±0.05Gc27.71±0.04Me28.12±0.07Md28.21±0.03Ncd28.65±0.03Mb28.80±0.03Na
2528.29±0.05Gf29.47±0.06Le31.64±0.02Ld33.95±0.06Lc34.63±0.04Ib35.99±0.07Ia
超高压杀菌424.71±0.04He24.35±0.06Of24.97±0.08Od25.98±0.06Pc27.46±0.04Nb28.27±0.06Oa
2524.71±0.04Hf26.25±0.1Nd25.90±0.08Ne27.05±0.1Ob27.18±0.05Oa26.53±0.02Pc
无核白巴氏杀菌433.98±0.04Dc33.90±0.01IJd33.92±0.01Jd34.16±0.04Kb34.23±0.01Ka33.95±0.01Lbcd
2533.98±0.04Dd34.28±0.05HIc34.34±0.03Ic35.53±0.04Ib35.66±0.06Ha35.68±0.07Ja
超高压杀菌434.79±0.03Cf40.84±0.05Fe42.69±0.07Ed44.78±0.07Ec45.34±0.03Eb46.22±0.09Ea
2534.79±0.03Cc42.49±0.07Eb41.59±0.44Fc42.78±0.09Fb42.98±0.04Fab43.30±0.05Fa
红提巴氏杀菌433.47±0.04Ed33.67±0.04JKbc33.32±0.05Ke33.58±0.02Mcd33.88±0.04La33.76±0.07Mab
2533.47±0.04Eb32.87±1.16Kb33.98±0.04Ja34.68±0.03Ja34.49±0Ja34.91±0.09Ka
超高压杀菌430.77±0.03Fe34.77±0.05Hd35.58±0.03Hc37.93±0.03Gb37.99±0.02Gb38.60±0.02Ga
2530.77±0.03Fd36.23±0.04Gc35.83±0.35Gc37.70±0.04Hb38.03±0.07Gab38.12±0.04Ha
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147737580471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Changes in ΔE values of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌4−1.040.610.381.391.16
25−1.491.582.152.913.19
超高压杀菌4−1.142.955.516.537.89
25−3.463.043.434.015.07
夏黑巴氏杀菌4−1.641.091.021.131.51
25−2.063.986.327.218.25
超高压杀菌4−1.230.762.494.175.61
25−2.331.572.626.996.81
无核白巴氏杀菌4−0.401.051.411.551.31
25−1.362.893.433.913.66
超高压杀菌4−9.5014.0718.8620.6822.43
25−13.4912.5212.3413.4112.46
红提巴氏杀菌4−0.261.080.780.760.90
25−0.761.771.721.592.26
超高压杀菌4−5.637.8910.3013.4513.52
25−9.158.6312.519.879.43
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147821466552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁ΔE值变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌4−1.040.610.381.391.16
25−1.491.582.152.913.19
超高压杀菌4−1.142.955.516.537.89
25−3.463.043.434.015.07
夏黑巴氏杀菌4−1.641.091.021.131.51
25−2.063.986.327.218.25
超高压杀菌4−1.230.762.494.175.61
25−2.331.572.626.996.81
无核白巴氏杀菌4−0.401.051.411.551.31
25−1.362.893.433.913.66
超高压杀菌4−9.5014.0718.8620.6822.43
25−13.4912.5212.3413.4112.46
红提巴氏杀菌4−0.261.080.780.760.90
25−0.761.771.721.592.26
超高压杀菌4−5.637.8910.3013.4513.52
25−9.158.6312.519.879.43
), ArticleFig(id=1320882147917935545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Changes in soluble solids content of four grape musts during storage at different temperatures (%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌415.59±0.02Fa15.54±0.02Iab15.34±0.02Kab15.56±0.05HIab15.52±0.01Lb15.51±0.01Kb
2515.59±0.02Fa15.55±0.04HIa15.49±0.03Ja15.48±0.03Ja15.53±0.07KLa15.47±0.02Ka
超高压杀菌415.11±0.04Ga15.10±0.02Ja14.97±0.01Mb14.86±0.03Lb14.99±0.03Mb15.00±0.01Lb
2515.11±0.04Gab15.12±0.04Ja15.06±0.02Labc15.07±0.03Kabc15.04±0.02Mbc14.99±0.01Ld
夏黑巴氏杀菌416.09±0.03Ea16.07±0.02Fab16.07±0.01Hab16.04±0.01Gbc16.04±0.01Ibc16.00±0.01Hc
2516.09±0.03Ea16.09±0.01Fa16.06±0.03Hab16.01±0.01Gb15.94±0.01Jc15.92±0.02Ic
超高压杀菌415.59±0.01Fa15.59±0.01GHa15.59±0.01Ia15.55±0.02Ia15.58±0.03Ka15.56±0.03Ja
2515.59±0.01Fa15.61±0.01Ga15.61±0.01Ia15.59±0.01Ha15.54±0.03KLb15.48±0.01Kc
无核白巴氏杀菌421.41±0.02Aa21.35±0.08Aab21.26±0.01Abc21.25±0.01Ac21.10±0.02Bd21.06±0.02Bd
2521.41±0.02Aa21.27±0.03Bb21.22±0.01Ab21.13±0.02Bb21.22±0.04Ac21.15±0.03Ac
超高压杀菌420.96±0.03Ba20.87±0.05Cb20.87±0.01Cb20.81±0.01Dbc20.79±0.04Dc20.77±0.02Dc
2520.96±0.03Ba20.90±0.01Cb20.91±0.02Bab20.86±0.01Cc20.87±0.01Cc20.85±0.03Cc
红提巴氏杀菌418.94±0.03Cc19.14±0.04Da19.03±0.05Ebc19.14±0.02Ea19.04±0.03Fb19.03±0.01Ebc
2518.94±0.03Cb19.15±0.02Da19.14±0.01Da19.14±0.04Ea19.11±0.04Ea18.98±0.01Fb
超高压杀菌418.83±0.03Da18.81±0.01Ea18.69±0.01Gb18.75±0.02Fb18.61±0.02Hb18.68±0.05Gc
2518.83±0.03Da18.76±0.01Ebc18.74±0.01Fbc18.78±0.01Fab18.77±0.03Gbc18.72±0.03Gc
), ArticleFig(id=1320882148312200122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320882134529717118, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

不同温度贮藏过程中四种葡萄汁可溶性固形物含量变化(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
品种杀菌方式贮藏温度(℃)贮藏天数(d)
0714212835
巨峰巴氏杀菌415.59±0.02Fa15.54±0.02Iab15.34±0.02Kab15.56±0.05HIab15.52±0.01Lb15.51±0.01Kb
2515.59±0.02Fa15.55±0.04HIa15.49±0.03Ja15.48±0.03Ja15.53±0.07KLa15.47±0.02Ka
超高压杀菌415.11±0.04Ga15.10±0.02Ja14.97±0.01Mb14.86±0.03Lb14.99±0.03Mb15.00±0.01Lb
2515.11±0.04Gab15.12±0.04Ja15.06±0.02Labc15.07±0.03Kabc15.04±0.02Mbc14.99±0.01Ld
夏黑巴氏杀菌416.09±0.03Ea16.07±0.02Fab16.07±0.01Hab16.04±0.01Gbc16.04±0.01Ibc16.00±0.01Hc
2516.09±0.03Ea16.09±0.01Fa16.06±0.03Hab16.01±0.01Gb15.94±0.01Jc15.92±0.02Ic
超高压杀菌415.59±0.01Fa15.59±0.01GHa15.59±0.01Ia15.55±0.02Ia15.58±0.03Ka15.56±0.03Ja
2515.59±0.01Fa15.61±0.01Ga15.61±0.01Ia15.59±0.01Ha15.54±0.03KLb15.48±0.01Kc
无核白巴氏杀菌421.41±0.02Aa21.35±0.08Aab21.26±0.01Abc21.25±0.01Ac21.10±0.02Bd21.06±0.02Bd
2521.41±0.02Aa21.27±0.03Bb21.22±0.01Ab21.13±0.02Bb21.22±0.04Ac21.15±0.03Ac
超高压杀菌420.96±0.03Ba20.87±0.05Cb20.87±0.01Cb20.81±0.01Dbc20.79±0.04Dc20.77±0.02Dc
2520.96±0.03Ba20.90±0.01Cb20.91±0.02Bab20.86±0.01Cc20.87±0.01Cc20.85±0.03Cc
红提巴氏杀菌418.94±0.03Cc19.14±0.04Da19.03±0.05Ebc19.14±0.02Ea19.04±0.03Fb19.03±0.01Ebc
2518.94±0.03Cb19.15±0.02Da19.14±0.01Da19.14±0.04Ea19.11±0.04Ea18.98±0.01Fb
超高压杀菌418.83±0.03Da18.81±0.01Ea18.69±0.01Gb18.75±0.02Fb18.61±0.02Hb18.68±0.05Gc
2518.83±0.03Da18.76±0.01Ebc18.74±0.01Fbc18.78±0.01Fab18.77±0.03Gbc18.72±0.03Gc
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不同杀菌方式和贮藏温度对NFC葡萄汁贮藏期间品质变化的影响
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董慧敏 , 马雨婷 , 何荣 *
食品工业科技 | 贮运保鲜 2026,47(13): 356-366
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食品工业科技 |贮运保鲜 2026 , 47 (13) : 356 -366
不同杀菌方式和贮藏温度对NFC葡萄汁贮藏期间品质变化的影响
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董慧敏 , 马雨婷, 何荣*
作者信息
  • 南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏南京 210023
通讯作者:
何荣(1983−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品营养,E-mail:。
作者简介:

董慧敏(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品营养,E-mail:

Effects of Different Sterilization Methods and Storage Temperatures on Quality Changes during Storage of NFC Grape Juice
Huimin DONG , Yuting MA, Rong HE*
Affiliations
  • College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
出版时间: 2026-07-01 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060336
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为探究不同杀菌方式和贮藏温度对葡萄汁品质变化的影响,本研究以新疆特色葡萄品种(巨峰、夏黑、红提、无核白)四种葡萄汁为研究对象,对比巴氏杀菌(Pasteurization,90 ℃/10 min)和超高压灭菌(Ultra-High Pressure Sterilization,400 MPa/16 min)两种杀菌方式,分析其在4 ℃和25 ℃贮藏过程中微生物指标、理化指标及营养指标的变化情况。结果表明,巴氏杀菌处理和超高压杀菌处理均能有效抑制35 d贮藏期果汁的微生物生长,使果汁始终保持在商业无菌的状态。同时,两种杀菌方式结合低温贮藏能够更好地保持葡萄汁的感官品质及营养品质,均在贮藏初期pH相对稳定,在后期呈现下降趋势(P<0.05);巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃贮藏相较于其他处理组能够更好地维持四种葡萄汁的色泽。与巴氏杀菌相比,超高压杀菌结合低温贮藏可延缓还原糖和总酸的降解,更利于酚类物质和黄酮的保留。超高压杀菌处理结合4 ℃贮藏巨峰、夏黑、无核白、红提四种葡萄汁的还原糖保留率分别为91.56%、91.41%、93.17%、86.48%,总酸保留率分别为95.26%、96.28%、92.88%、97.74%,总酚保留率分别为80.44%、93.98%、90.12%、89.11%;黄酮保留率分别为84.21%、91.55%、85.47%、83.16%。综上所述,巴氏杀菌和超高压杀菌对四种葡萄汁均有良好的杀菌效果,但超高压杀菌在维持葡萄汁营养品质方面更具优势,并且结合低温贮藏有助于延缓品质劣变,利于营养物质的保留,为葡萄汁的加工贮藏、保鲜技术以及延长货架期提供了理论依据与技术参考。

葡萄汁  /  巴氏杀菌  /  超高压杀菌  /  贮藏  /  品质变化

To investigate the effects of different sterilization methods and storage temperatures on the quality changes of grape juice, this study examined four grape varieties characteristic of Xinjiang (Kyoho, Summer Black, Red Globe, and Thompson Seedless) as subjects. We compared two sterilization methods: pasteurization (90 °C/10 min) and ultra-high pressure sterilization (400 MPa/16 min). The study analyzed changes in microbial, physicochemical, and nutritional indicators of grape juice treated with these methods during storage at 4 °C and 25 °C. The results showed that both pasteurization treatment and ultra-high pressure sterilization treatment could effectively inhibit the microbial growth of the juice during the 35 d storage period, maintaining the juice in a commercially sterile state throughout. Simultaneously, combining both sterilization methods with low-temperature storage better preserved the sensory and nutritional qualities of grape juice. The pH levels of grape juice treated with different sterilization methods remained stable during the initial storage period but showed a declining trend in the later stages (P<0.05). Compared to other treatment groups, pasteurization combined with 4 °C storage was more effective in maintaining the color of all four grape juice samples. Compared to pasteurization, ultra-high pressure sterilization combined with low-temperature storage could delay the degradation of reducing sugar and total acidity, thereby better preserving phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Ultra-high pressure sterilization combined with 4 °C storage resulted in the following reducing sugar retention rates for four grape juices: Kyoho (91.56%), Summer Black (91.41%), Thompson Seedless (93.17%), and Red Globe (86.48%). Total acid retention rates were 95.26%, 96.28%, 92.88%, and 97.74%, respectively. Total phenolic retention rates were 80.44%, 93.98%, 90.12%, and 89.11%, respectively. Flavonoid retention rates were 84.21%, 91.55%, 85.47%, and 83.16%, respectively. In conclusion, both pasteurization and ultra-high pressure sterilization demonstrated effective sterilization results for all four grape juice samples. However, ultra-high pressure sterilization showed superior advantages in preserving the nutritional quality of grape juice. When combined with cold storage, it helped delay quality deterioration and facilitated the retention of nutrients. This study provided a theoretical basis and technical reference for grape juice processing, storage, preservation techniques, and extending shelf life.

grape juice  /  pasteurisation  /  ultra-high pressure sterilization  /  storage  /  quality change
董慧敏, 马雨婷, 何荣. 不同杀菌方式和贮藏温度对NFC葡萄汁贮藏期间品质变化的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (13) : 356 -366 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060336
Huimin DONG, Yuting MA, Rong HE. Effects of Different Sterilization Methods and Storage Temperatures on Quality Changes during Storage of NFC Grape Juice[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (13) : 356 -366 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060336
非浓缩还原汁(Not-From-Concentrate,NFC)作为一类最大限度保留水果原有风味、色泽及营养成分的果汁产品,近年来在健康饮品市场中备受青睐[1]。其中,葡萄汁是NFC果汁的重要品类之一,富含多酚、还原糖与维生素等多种生物活性物质[2−3]。然而,葡萄汁在加工与贮藏期间易受微生物污染、酶促褐变及化学降解等因素影响,导致品质下降[4],限制了其商品价值与货架期。因此,系统评估不同杀菌方式与贮藏条件对NFC葡萄汁品质的影响,对推动其工业化生产与品质控制具有重要意义。
在果汁加工中,杀菌工艺是保障产品微生物安全与延长产品保质期的核心环节。传统巴氏杀菌通过高温使微生物蛋白质变性以实现灭菌效果,但易造成热敏性成分(如维生素和多酚)损失及风味劣变[5]。相比之下,超高压杀菌(Ultra-High Pressure Sterilization,UHP)在常温或低温条件下施以100~800 MPa的高压,通过破坏微生物细胞结构实现有效灭菌,同时更好地保留果汁的天然品质[6−7]。除杀菌方式外,贮藏温度亦为影响果汁品质稳定性的关键因素[8−9]。低温贮藏(如4 ℃)可有效抑制微生物增殖与酶促反应,但长期冷藏可能诱发沉淀与结晶[10];常温条件(如25 ℃)则易加速非酶褐变与氧化反应,造成色泽与营养品质下降。目前,针对苹果汁、石榴汁等常见NFC果汁,已有较多关于热杀菌与超高压杀菌处理的研究,然而在NFC葡萄汁中,不同杀菌方式与贮藏温度对其品质的长期协同影响机制尚不明确,相关系统性研究仍较为缺乏,制约了杀菌技术在葡萄汁生产中的优化应用。
因此,本研究以红提、巨峰、夏黑及无核白四种葡萄为原料,系统比较巴氏杀菌与超高压杀菌处理对葡萄汁在35 d贮藏期内微生物指标(菌落总数)及关键理化指标(pH、可溶性固形物、总酚、黄酮、还原糖与总酸含量)的影响,旨在揭示不同处理组合对NFC葡萄汁品质变化的协同调控机制,为优化其加工工艺、提升贮藏稳定性及延长货架期提供理论依据与技术支撑。
红提、巨峰、夏黑、无核白4种葡萄 购于市场;平板计数琼脂(PCA) 上海博微生物科技有限公司;葡萄糖、没食子酸、芦丁标准品 上海源叶生物科技有限公司;福林酚、亚硝酸钠、硝酸铝、碳酸钠 上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;DNS试剂、氢氧化钠、无水乙醇等试剂(分析纯) 国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
SP605R榨汁机 浙江苏泊尔股份有限公司;PRACTUM224- 1CN电子天平 德国赛多利斯公司;FE28 pH计 梅特勒-托利多国际贸易(上海)有限公司;HR21M高速冷冻离心机 湖南赫西仪器装备有限公司;Scientz-IID多功能酶标仪 宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司;Milli-Q Academic生物安全柜 美国Millipore公司;Axio Vert. A1二氧化碳培养箱 德国ZEISS公司;HH-4数显恒温水浴锅 常州国华电器有限公司;SpectraMax M2e超纯水系统 美国Molecular Devices公司;RX-70001自动折光仪 日本ATAGO(爱拓)公司;GI54DP高压灭菌锅 致微(厦门)仪器有限公司;HPP 600 MPa超高压食品处理装置 包头科发高压科技有限责任公司。
将冷冻葡萄自然解冻,使用榨汁机果汁模式进行打浆后经200目滤布两次过滤得到澄清果汁,使用离心机8000 r/min对果汁进行离心10 min后取上清液,分装至50 mL PET塑料袋或50 mL玻璃瓶中进行杀菌。
采用巴氏杀菌技术和超高压杀菌技术对四种葡萄汁进行杀菌,经前期单因素实验积累,选用巴氏杀菌条件为90 ℃/10 min,超高压杀菌条件为400 MPa/16 min。将杀菌后的果汁分别置于4 ℃和25 ℃的环境进行贮藏35 d,每隔7 d取样检测各项指标。
参考GB 4789.2-2022《食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 菌落总数测定》进行测定。根据公式(1)计算杀菌率。
$ \rm E({\text{%}})=\frac{{A}_{0}-{A}_{1}}{{A}_{0}}\times 100 $
式中:E表示杀菌率,%;A0表示杀菌前的葡萄汁菌落总数,A1表示杀菌后葡萄汁菌落总数。
采用pH计进行测定。
使用CM-5色度仪对果汁进行测定,测定果汁的L*(亮度)、a*(红绿值)、b*(黄蓝值)。根据公式(2)计算色差值。
$ \Delta E=\sqrt{{({L_{1}^{*}}-{L_{0}^{*}})}^{2}+{({a_{1}^{*}}-{a_{0}^{*}})}^{2}+{({b_{1}^{*}}-{b_{0}^{*}})}^{2}} $
式中:△E表示色差值,$ L_{1}^{*} $、$ a_{1}^{*} $、$ b_{1}^{*} $表示杀菌后的葡萄汁的色度值,$ L_{0}^{*} $、$ a_{0}^{*} $、$ b_{0}^{*} $表示杀菌前的葡萄汁的色度值。
采用RX-70001自动折光仪进行测定。首先使用超纯水进行调零,滴加果汁上清液至棱镜,读取Brix值(%)。
采用3,5-二硝基水杨酸法[11]测定葡萄汁中的还原糖含量。
称取1 g干燥至恒重的葡萄糖,溶解并定容至1000 mL,配制成1 mg/mL的葡萄糖标准溶液。分别移取0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、2.0 mL的葡萄糖标准溶液于7支25 mL具塞试管中,加蒸馏水补至2 mL。再分别加入2 mL DNS试剂,混匀后沸水浴加热5 min,立即冷却至室温,加水定容至25 mL刻度线,摇匀后于540 nm处测定吸光度,以0管作参比,5 min内测完。以葡萄糖浓度(mg/mL)为横坐标,吸光度(A)为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线。得回归方程y=2.6927x−0.0028,R2=0.9992。
取1 mL葡萄汁,加蒸馏水补至2 mL。再分别加入2 mL DNS试剂,混匀后沸水浴加热5 min,立即冷却至室温,加水定容至25 mL刻度线,摇匀后于540 nm处测定吸光度。测得吸光度带入回归方程即可计算还原糖含量。
参考GB 12456-2021《食品安全国家标准 食品中总酸的测定》采用pH计电位滴定法测定,根据公式(3)进行计算,结果以酒石酸当量计。
$\rm X=\frac{[c\times ({V}_{1}-{V}_{2})]\times k\times F}{m}\times 1000 $
式中:X表示试样中总酸的含量,g/L;c表示氢氧化钠标准滴定溶液的浓度,mol/L;V1表示滴定试液时消耗氢氧化钠标准滴定溶液的体积,mL;V2表示空白试验时消耗氢氧化钠标准滴定溶液的体积,mL;k表示酸的换算系数:酒石酸,0.075;F表示试液的稀释倍数;m表示试样的体积,mL。
配制0、2.5、5、10、20、30、40、60、80、100 μg/mL没食子酸标准溶液,精密移取各浓度标准溶液1 mL于25 mL具塞试管中,加入6.00 mL去离子水,1.0 mol/L Folin-Phenol试剂1.00 mL,摇匀,放置6 min,再各加入10.6%的碳酸钠溶液4.00 mL,摇匀,室温静置60 min,用去离子水定容至25 mL刻度线,充分摇匀后,于760 nm波长下测定吸光度[12]。以浓度(μg/mL)为横坐标,吸光值为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线。经线性回归分析得方程:y=0.0026x+0.0414,R2=0.9994。
将制备好的葡萄汁样品稀释10倍,取稀释液1.00 mL于25 mL刻度试管中,加入6.00 mL去离子水,1.0 mol/L福林酚试剂1.00 mL,摇匀,放置6 min,再各加入10.6%的碳酸钠溶液4.00 mL,摇匀,室温静置60 min,用去离子水稀释至刻度,摇匀,在760 nm处测定吸光度。根据标准曲线计算待测液中总酚含量。
取10 mg芦丁用60%乙醇定容于100 mL容量瓶中。分别移取芦丁对照品溶液0、0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5 mL于10 mL试管中,加入质量分数为5%的亚硝酸钠溶液0.3 mL放置6 min,后加入质量分数10%的硝酸铝溶液0.3 mL,放置6 min,加入1 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液4 mL。用60%的乙醇稀释至刻度,避光放置15 min于510 nm下测定吸光值。以吸光值为纵坐标,芦丁溶液浓度(μg/mL)为横坐标绘制标准曲线。得回归方程为:y=0.0042x+0.0547,R2=0.9995。
将葡萄汁稀释5倍,取1 mL加入试管中,加入质量分数为5%的亚硝酸钠溶液0.3 mL放置6 min,后加入质量分数10%的硝酸铝溶液0.3 mL,放置6 min,加入1 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液4 mL。用60%的乙醇稀释至刻度,避光放置15 min于510 nm下测定吸光值。测得吸光度带入回归方程即可计算黄酮含量[13]。
保留率直接反映指标随贮藏时间的相对保留比例。
$\rm R({\text{%}})=\frac{{C}_{t}}{{C}_{0}}\times 100 $
式中:R表示保留率,%;C0表示样品经杀菌处理后立即测定贮藏0 d的指标含量,g/L或mg/L;Ct表示样品贮藏t d后的指标含量,g/L或mg/L。
采用Graphpad软件绘制图形,采用SPSS软件对数据进行单因素方差分析(ANOVA),显著差异水平为P<0.05。每组实验重复三次,结果均采用平均数±标准差表示。
通常用菌落总数来评估灭菌方式能否达到有效灭菌效果。根据检测结果,不同杀菌处理的四种葡萄汁菌落总数始终低于检出限,符合GB 7101-2022标准要求(<100 CFU/mL)。这表明(90 ℃/10 min)巴氏杀菌和(400 MPa/16 min)超高压处理均能有效抑制微生物生长,达到商业灭菌要求。易岸威[14]在梨汁研究中也发现类似结果,经(480 MPa/16 min)超高压灭菌和(90 ℃/10 min)巴氏杀菌处理后贮藏30 d未检出菌落,与本研究的灭菌效果一致。
pH是衡量葡萄汁品质的重要指标,既影响果汁风味,也与贮藏过程中非酶褐变、美拉德反应等密切相关,进而对果汁的色泽与整体品质产生影响[15]。由表1可知,不同杀菌方式与贮藏条件对四种葡萄汁pH的影响存在差异。
在贮藏0~14 d期间,各葡萄汁pH保持相对稳定,可能与初期微生物活性低、化学反应缓慢有关。随贮藏时间延长,四种葡萄汁pH均显著下降(P<0.05),其原因可能是微生物繁殖及其代谢产酸增加。在不同温度条件下,4 ℃贮藏的葡萄汁pH变化幅度较小,稳定性更高;而25 ℃条件下pH波动显著,说明低温能有效抑制微生物生长与反应速率,减缓pH下降。
超高压处理比巴氏杀菌更能维持葡萄汁pH稳定。超高压通过破坏微生物细胞膜与酶蛋白结构,抑制微生物代谢,且不易破坏小分子有机酸,从而更好地保持酸度平衡[16]。Oliveira等[17]在芒果胡萝卜混合汁中的研究显示,超高压处理组在35 d贮藏期内pH下降幅度更小;冉露霞等[18]对百香果汁的研究也得出相同结论,与本研究结果相似。综上,采用超高压杀菌并结合低温贮藏,更有利于维持葡萄汁pH的稳定。
果汁色泽是影响消费者选择的重要指标。由表2和表5可知,不同杀菌方式与贮藏温度对四种葡萄汁的色泽参数(L*值和ΔE值)产生影响。
巴氏杀菌处理的巨峰与夏黑葡萄汁在4 ℃贮藏7 d内L*值出现短暂上升,可能由颗粒分布与溶解度变化引起;随后持续下降。无核白与红提葡萄汁在巴氏杀菌后,L*值整体呈下降趋势。与贮藏前相比,超高压杀菌组的四种葡萄汁L*值均显著降低(P<0.05)。就整体色差(ΔE)而言,巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃贮藏的处理组ΔE波动最小,色泽最稳定。该条件下,低温有效减缓反应速率,巴氏杀菌则显著降低微生物数量与酶活性,共同抑制色泽变化。相比之下,超高压处理组ΔE变化较大,与a*、b*值显著变化(表3、表4)有关。其原因在于巴氏杀菌能有效破坏PPO和POD酶活性,而超高压对酶活的抑制具有选择性,部分耐压酶在贮藏中活性恢复,导致色泽变化更为明显[19]。
可溶性固形物(主要包括单糖、双糖及多糖等)是果蔬汁品质评价的关键指标之一[20]。如表6所示,四种葡萄汁在贮藏期间可溶性固形物含量基本呈下降趋势。该变化主要源于两方面原因,一方面,蔗糖等糖类在贮藏中水解为还原糖,可能进一步形成不溶性聚合物,造成可溶性固形物损失;另一方面,微生物代谢产生的有机酸改变体系溶解性,也使其相对含量降低[21]。
经巴氏杀菌的红提葡萄汁在贮藏初期出现可溶性固形物含量短暂上升,可能与多酚类物质氧化生成的醌类等中间产物有关;随着贮藏时间延长,蔗糖水解与微生物代谢作用逐渐主导,含量转而下降。相关研究也呈现类似规律。de Oliveira等[22]发现Feijoa果汁在巴氏杀菌并冻藏90 d后,可溶性固形物含量下降;徐玉娟等[23]则报道荔枝汁在热处理后于不同温度贮藏中该指标有所上升,其中4 ℃下上升较缓。可溶性固形物在贮藏过程中的变化受杀菌方式、贮藏温度及葡萄品种共同影响。
由图1可知,在贮藏过程中,四种葡萄汁的还原糖含量均随贮藏时间延长而下降,且温度越高,下降速率越快。具体而言,贮藏结束后,巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃与25 ℃贮藏的还原糖保留率分别为:巨峰(90.20%、86.03%)、夏黑(91.11%、77.37%)、无核白(91.44%、79.02%)和红提(85.63%、80.98%);超高压杀菌组分别为:巨峰(91.56%、89.57%)、夏黑(91.41%、85.18%)、无核白(93.17%、87.09%)和红提(86.48%、83.55%)。总体来看,4 ℃贮藏组的还原糖保留率高于25 ℃组,且超高压处理在延缓还原糖下降方面效果更优。
这一差异主要源于两种杀菌机制的不同。巴氏杀菌中的热处理[24]会激活糖苷酶,促进糖类水解与美拉德反应,加速还原糖消耗;而超高压处理[25]则以非热力机制使相关代谢酶(如果胶酶、糖苷酶)失活,减缓糖类分解。此外,不同葡萄品种间还原糖变化也存在差异。例如,巨峰葡萄汁中较高多酚含量可能通过抑制PPO活性减缓糖损失;夏黑汁的低果胶特性可能影响糖分吸附与溶出行为[26]。综上,贮藏温度、杀菌方式均对还原糖的保留具有显著影响(P<0.05),其中低温结合超高压处理最有利于维持还原糖稳定。
食品中的酸性成分,包括氢离子、酸性盐的浓度等对总酸度有一定影响[18]。由图2可知,不同杀菌方式与贮藏温度对葡萄汁总酸含量具有显著影响。
具体而言,贮藏结束后,超高压杀菌结合4 ℃与25 ℃贮藏的总酸保留率分别为:巨峰(95.26%、93.09%)、夏黑(96.28%、92.83%)、无核白(92.88%、94.24%)和红提(97.74%、95.31%);巴氏杀菌组分别为:巨峰(97.17%、87.36%)、夏黑(92.67%、91.95%)、无核白(95.64%、90.53%)和红提(99.24%、93.65%)。所有葡萄汁的总酸含量在贮藏期间整体呈下降趋势,两种杀菌方式导致葡萄汁总酸含量下降。李根等[27]对NFC苹果汁进行微波和巴氏热杀菌后,发现总酸含量变化不显著(P>0.05),与本研究结果相似。且4 ℃贮藏组的酸度保持效果显著优于25 ℃组(P<0.05)。高温贮藏条件下酸度下降较快,可能与微生物代谢活跃及果胶降解产生半乳糖醛酸等因素有关。对比两种杀菌方式,超高压处理整体上更有利于总酸的保留;而巴氏杀菌中部分耐热酶(如酸性磷酸酶)的残留可能加速酸损失。相关研究也支持这一规律,牛涵[28]发现杜仲籽油苹果汁在20 ℃贮藏时总酸保留率高于40 ℃;甜樱桃汁、苦橙汁等研究[29−30]同样显示,不同杀菌处理后总酸在贮藏中持续下降。
由图3可知,四种葡萄汁在贮藏期间总酚含量均显著下降(P<0.05)。具体保留率如下,巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃与25 ℃贮藏的保留率分别为:巨峰(92.06%、89.91%)、夏黑(91.07%、86.86%)、无核白(91.43%、85.07%)、红提(91.86%、89.15%);超高压杀菌结合4 ℃与25 ℃贮藏的保留率分别为:巨峰(80.44%、80.23%)、夏黑(93.98%、92.15%)、无核白(90.12%、80.77%)、红提(89.11%、85.38%)。总体来看,4 ℃贮藏条件下总酚保留率普遍高于25 ℃,低温更有利于酚类物质的稳定,原因在于低温可以抑制多酚类物质氧化分解,减少多酚的分解转化[31]。
超高压处理对夏黑和无核白显示出更好的酚类保留效果,可能与其非热力机制更好地保护酚类结构有关。而巴氏杀菌过程中的高温可能导致部分酚类成分降解。有类似的研究与该结果一致,例如超高压处理在黑枸杞沙棘果汁[32]和沙棘-哈密瓜复合汁[33]中均表现出更优的酚类保留能力。
由图4可知,在贮藏期结束后,不同处理条件下四种葡萄汁的黄酮保留率存在显著差异(P<0.05)。巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃与25 ℃贮藏的黄酮保留率分别为:巨峰(83.64%、79.38%)、夏黑(88.59%、85.76%)、无核白(81.24%、67.81%)、红提(79.73%、67.89%);超高压处理组分别为:巨峰(84.21%、78.45%)、夏黑(91.55%、88.58%)、无核白(85.47%、72.99%)、红提(83.16%、73.57%)。所有品种葡萄汁的黄酮含量在贮藏过程中均显著下降(P<0.05),且25 ℃贮藏组的下降幅度普遍大于4 ℃组。在杀菌方式上,超高压处理组的黄酮保留率整体高于巴氏杀菌组,表明非热力杀菌更有利于黄酮物质的保存,且由于高压处理对组织形成机械冲击,使果汁内容物中黄酮等流出。代文清[34]发现超高压处理能更好地保留果汁中的活性成分;常亚飞等[35]研究也证实低温贮藏可有效延缓黄酮含量的下降,与本研究的结果相似。
本研究系统探究了巴氏杀菌(90 ℃/10 min)与超高压杀菌(400 MPa/16 min)在4 ℃和25 ℃贮藏条件下,对巨峰、夏黑、无核白、红提四种葡萄汁35 d贮藏期内微生物安全性、理化性质及营养成分保留的影响。结果表明,两种杀菌方式均能实现有效灭菌,使葡萄汁在4 ℃和25 ℃贮藏35 d 期间始终符合商业无菌要求。理化指标方面,低温贮藏更利于维持葡萄汁品质,且巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃贮藏对色泽的保持效果优于其他处理组。营养保留上,低温贮藏更有利于维持葡萄汁营养成分。超高压杀菌结合4 ℃贮藏时,巨峰、夏黑、无核白、红提葡萄汁的还原糖保留率为86.48%~93.17%,总酸保留率为92.88%~97.74%,总酚保留率为80.44%~93.98%,黄酮保留率为83.16%~91.55%;巴氏杀菌结合4 ℃贮藏时,还原糖保留率为85.63%~91.44%,总酸保留率为92.67%~99.24%,总酚保留率为91.07%~92.06%,黄酮保留率为79.73%~88.59%。90 ℃/10 min的巴氏杀菌和400 MPa/16 min的超高压杀菌均可有效控制果汁微生物,但超高压结合低温贮藏更利于保持葡萄汁的感官品质与营养成分。超高压杀菌与低温贮藏相结合,能在有效延缓品质劣变的同时,更好地维持其pH、还原糖、总酸、酚类及黄酮类化合物等品质指标,为葡萄汁加工和贮藏提供了更优的工艺选择,对提升葡萄汁产品品质和延长货架期具有重要意义。未来研究可进一步探索不同杀菌和贮藏方式对葡萄汁中酚类、黄酮类等生物活性成分在人体内的消化吸收和生物可利用性的影响,为葡萄汁功能性产品开发提供更科学的参考。

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2026年第47卷第13期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025060336
  • 接收时间:2025-06-26
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-07-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-26
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    南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏南京 210023

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何荣(1983−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品营养,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
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种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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