Article(id=1320880606871924847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025100079, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760284800000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852077452, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1789401600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852077452, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852077452, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852077452, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320880262012056083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='18', pageStart='1', pageEnd='613', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789401600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792851995232, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921655980, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=124, endPage=134, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320880607140360304, articleId=1320880606871924847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Interaction Mechanism between ECG and Beef Myosin Based on Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Two-dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy Techniques, columnId=1320880469017735237, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Food Components and Quality Mechanisms, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To elucidate the mechanism underlying the inhibition of beef protein oxidation by lotus seedpod proanthocyanidin (LSPC), epicatechin gallate (ECG) at a final concentration of 10 to 40 μmol/L, was investigated using a combination of nanoparticle size analysis, two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy (2D-IR COS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. This study focused on how ECG affected the oxidative aggregation of beef myosin as well as the interaction mode, dominant binding forces, action sites, involved functional groups, and fluorescence quenching mechanism between ECG and myosin. The results indicated that, relative to native myosin, ECG treatment at final concentrations of 10~30 μmol/L resulted in a narrowed 250 kDa band in the sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of the ECG-Myosin complex, an increased absolute value of Zeta potential, and reduced turbidity. These observations suggested that ECG inhibited oxidative myosin cross-linking with non-covalent interactions between ECG (acting as a hydrogen donor) and myosin. Fluorescence spectroscopy and chemical probing analyses revealed that ECG binding to myosin was an entropy-driven, thermodynamically favorable endothermic process, with hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions serving as the dominant forces. This interaction induced the static fluorescence quenching of myosin. Furthermore, 2D-IR COS demonstrated that the hydroxyl (-OH) groups on the D-ring of ECG, as hydrogen donors, preferentially formed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with carbonyl (C=O), amide (N-H), and alkyl (C-H) groups within the α-helical domains of myosin. These interactions inhibited protein oxidation and intermolecular cross-linking aggregation. This study provides a theoretical basis and experimental support for LSPC development as a natural plant-derived antioxidant for meat and meat products industry-related applications.

, authors=Xin LI1, Weifeng CHEN1, Meijuan XU1, Zhida SUN2, Yan HU1, Jian ZOU1, *, authorsList=Xin LI, Weifeng CHEN, Meijuan XU, Zhida SUN, Yan HU, Jian ZOU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jian ZOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320880610990731399, articleId=1320880606871924847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=基于荧光光谱及二维红外光谱技术研究ECG与牛肉肌球蛋白的相互作用机制, columnId=1320880469198090311, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=食品组分与品质机制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究莲房原花青素(lotus seedpod proanthocyanidin,LSPC)抑制牛肉蛋白质氧化的作用机制,运用纳米粒度仪、二维红外相关谱、荧光光谱等技术研究了LSPC的重要组分表儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epicatechin gallate,ECG)终浓度为10~40 μmol/L时对牛肉肌球蛋白(Myosin)氧化聚集的影响以及两者相互作用类型、主要作用力、作用位点、参与相互作用的基团、猝灭类型等。结果表明:与肌球蛋白相比,ECG终浓度为10~30 μmol/L时,ECG-肌球蛋白复合物SDS-PAGE图谱中250 kDa处条带变窄,Zeta电位绝对值增大、浊度降低,能够抑制蛋白氧化交联。这与ECG作为供氢体与肌球蛋白之间发生了非共价相互作用有关。荧光光谱及化学分析法结果显示,ECG与肌球蛋白的结合是以氢键和疏水相互作用为主要作用力、熵驱动的可以自发进行的吸热反应,能够猝灭肌球蛋白荧光。运用二维红外相关谱发现,ECG的D环上的-OH作为供氢体,优先于酯键、醚键及骨架中的C=C,与肌球蛋白α-螺旋中C=O及N-H、C-H形成氢键、疏水相互作用,从而抑制了肌球蛋白氧化及分子间的交联聚集。该研究为开发LSPC作为天然植物抗氧化剂应用于肉及肉制品行业提供了理论依据与实验支撑。

, authors=李欣1, 陈威风1, 许美娟1, 孙智达2, 胡燕1, 邹建1, *, authorsList=李欣, 陈威风, 许美娟, 孙智达, 胡燕, 邹建, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=邹建, authorNote=

李欣(1984−),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:畜产品加工、食品营养与卫生,E-mail:

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邹建(1981−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品营养赋能、畜禽副产物高值化调控,E-mail:。
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Journal of Medicinal Food, 2018, 21: 1−11., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320880624714494219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GANIM Z, CHUNG S H, SMITH A W, et al. Amide I two-dimensional infared spectroscopy of proteins[J]. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2008, 41(3): 432−441., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320880624789991692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=彭林, 马良, 戴宏杰, 等. 多酚与肌原纤维蛋白相互作用机制及其对蛋白特性的影响研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41(11): 239−246. [PENG L, MA L, DAI H J, et al. Recent progress in understanding the interaction mechanism between polyphenols and myofibrillar protein and its effects on protein properties[J]. 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Vibrational (FT-IR, Raman) analysis of tea catechins based on both theoretical calculations and experiments[J]. Biophysical Chemistry, 2020, 256: 1−27., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320880625075204368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG J, MA S, TAO S, et al. Improvement of lactose digestion by highland barley (Hordeum vulgare var. coeleste L.) β-glucan: Activation of lactase under simulated gastric/small intestinal digestive conditions[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2025, 347: 1−15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320880611234001032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880611242389641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, companyId=1320880611234001032, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Food Science, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880611254972554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, companyId=1320880611234001032, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1河南牧业经济学院食品科学学院,河南郑州 450000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320880611338858635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880611347247244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, companyId=1320880611338858635, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880611355635853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, companyId=1320880611338858635, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2华中农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖北武汉 430070)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320880615231172792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effects of ECG on Zeta potential (A) and Average particle size (B), figureFileSmall=EWass97PLo7p0Nn1w5kpIw==, figureFileBig=UdP+1zaoR/IWSWv3CFqjOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615315058873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图1, caption=ECG对肌球蛋白Zeta电位(A)和粒径(B)的影响

注:不同字母代表经不同处理的样品之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05);图2、图8同。

, figureFileSmall=EWass97PLo7p0Nn1w5kpIw==, figureFileBig=UdP+1zaoR/IWSWv3CFqjOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615520579770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effect of ECG on turbidity of myosin, figureFileSmall=33FDceYkQBZSoerggwccMA==, figureFileBig=211zUasmOaO5XmilOCg3vA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615575105723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图2, caption=ECG对肌球蛋白浊度的影响, figureFileSmall=33FDceYkQBZSoerggwccMA==, figureFileBig=211zUasmOaO5XmilOCg3vA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615646408892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of samples in different treatment groups, figureFileSmall=7LRoLPovxB8+tset+4shTw==, figureFileBig=h4LN8CWRKZIviPCGx/xJQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615713517757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同处理组样品的SDS-PAGE电泳图

注:a~e表示ECG浓度分别为0、10、20、30、40 μmol/L(4 ℃静置12 h);f:刚提取出的肌球蛋白。

, figureFileSmall=7LRoLPovxB8+tset+4shTw==, figureFileBig=h4LN8CWRKZIviPCGx/xJQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615772238014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Different ECG concentrations at 277, 298 and 310 K for fluorescence quenching spectra of myosin, figureFileSmall=zKOK0/N70m5ObLB9Tnj45Q==, figureFileBig=EtJNwERpyittxpQ2bQqVxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615843541183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同浓度的ECG在277、298和310 K对肌球蛋白的荧光猝灭光谱

注:a~e表示ECG浓度依次为0、10、20、30、40 μmol/L。

, figureFileSmall=zKOK0/N70m5ObLB9Tnj45Q==, figureFileBig=EtJNwERpyittxpQ2bQqVxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880615944204480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Plots of Stern-Volmer equation of myosin fluorescence quenching by ECG at 277, 298 and 310 K, figureFileSmall=vLqzH41DjD7qy926Il/vpA==, figureFileBig=/2odcjcXjJ0McHPHQLS2DA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616023896257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图5, caption=277、298、310 K温度下ECG对肌球蛋白荧光猝灭的Stern-Volmer方程拟合图, figureFileSmall=vLqzH41DjD7qy926Il/vpA==, figureFileBig=/2odcjcXjJ0McHPHQLS2DA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616095199426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Logarithm curves of fluorescence quenching of myosin by ECG at 277, 298 and 310 K, figureFileSmall=gunBuz97vPDJ70HpcE3jcg==, figureFileBig=YJ/lb6EMDRKl9aGp71AVpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616166502595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图6, caption=277、298、310 K温度下ECG对肌球蛋白的荧光猝灭对数曲线, figureFileSmall=gunBuz97vPDJ70HpcE3jcg==, figureFileBig=YJ/lb6EMDRKl9aGp71AVpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616262971588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Synchronous fluorescence spectra of ECG and beef myosin, figureFileSmall=e2IXRaHQAqpniJ2fvPI21A==, figureFileBig=A4hri90XJqJhHo1t5Q9sYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616325886149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图7, caption=ECG与牛肉肌球蛋白的同步荧光光谱

注:A. 酪氨酸同步荧光光谱,∆λ=15 nm;B. 色氨酸同步荧光光谱∆λ=60 nm;a~e表示ECG浓度依次为0、10、20、30、40 μmol/L。

, figureFileSmall=e2IXRaHQAqpniJ2fvPI21A==, figureFileBig=A4hri90XJqJhHo1t5Q9sYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616380412102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Analysis of intermolecular chemical forces between ECG and myosin, figureFileSmall=qil5FOve8vXmxslixHI6vQ==, figureFileBig=uybjT/XudtepFI8kPeX9jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616443326663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图8, caption=ECG与牛肉肌球蛋白的分子间化学作用力分析, figureFileSmall=qil5FOve8vXmxslixHI6vQ==, figureFileBig=uybjT/XudtepFI8kPeX9jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880616518824136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=2D FTIR spectra of the ECG-Myosin compound, figureFileSmall=dSlFZ2DtExMQFqYP7ENhwA==, figureFileBig=W9aSSntyukt1/VF3vIk1Tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880618167185609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图9, caption=ECG-肌球蛋白复合物的二维红外光谱

注:A为同步相关谱(3600~3200 cm−1);B为异步相关谱(3600~3200 cm−1);空白部分为正峰,阴影部分为负峰。

, figureFileSmall=dSlFZ2DtExMQFqYP7ENhwA==, figureFileBig=W9aSSntyukt1/VF3vIk1Tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880618246877386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Chemical structure of ECG, figureFileSmall=rQIPXlxc48vOSkEj2KrSPA==, figureFileBig=0EIRruxXPldu8BUjyW+Lpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880618305597643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图10, caption=ECG的化学结构图, figureFileSmall=rQIPXlxc48vOSkEj2KrSPA==, figureFileBig=0EIRruxXPldu8BUjyW+Lpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880618368512204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=2D FT-IR correlation spectroscopy of the ECG-Myosin compound, figureFileSmall=lUDbATHQ5Vcwa4852H8k9w==, figureFileBig=qZnNugaTOrwOwTT/wIK02w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880618456592589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=图11, caption=ECG-肌球蛋白复合物的二维红外相关光谱

注:A. 同步相关谱(1800~1000 cm−1);B. 异步相关谱(1800~1000 cm−1);空白部分为正峰,阴影部分为负峰。

, figureFileSmall=lUDbATHQ5Vcwa4852H8k9w==, figureFileBig=qZnNugaTOrwOwTT/wIK02w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880618561450190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Stern-Volmer equation and quenching constant Ksv for myosin fluorescence quenching by ECG 277, 298 and 310 K

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度(K)线性回归方程Kq(L/(mol·s))Ksv(L/mol)相关系数r
277F0/F=0.1532×105[Q]+0.96761.532×10121.532×1040.9944
298F0/F=0.1504×105[Q]+0.91621.504×10121.504×1040.9982
310F0/F=0.1094×105[Q]+0.94031.094×10121.094×1040.9991
), ArticleFig(id=1320880618653724879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

277、298、310 K温度下ECG对肌球蛋白荧光猝灭的Stern-Volmer方程及猝灭常数Ksv

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度(K)线性回归方程Kq(L/(mol·s))Ksv(L/mol)相关系数r
277F0/F=0.1532×105[Q]+0.96761.532×10121.532×1040.9944
298F0/F=0.1504×105[Q]+0.91621.504×10121.504×1040.9982
310F0/F=0.1094×105[Q]+0.94031.094×10121.094×1040.9991
), ArticleFig(id=1320880618729222352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Fluorescence quenching curve equation and related constants of myosin by ECG at 277, 298 and 310 K

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度(K)线性回归方程Ka(L/mol)n相关系数r
277lg[(F0−F)/F]=0.9491lg[Q]+2.74208.483×1050.950.9972
298lg[(F0−F)/F]=1.4444lg[Q]+6.08211.208×1061.440.9922
310lg[(F0−F)/F]=1.4755lg[Q]+6.08771.223×1061.480.9932
), ArticleFig(id=1320880618796331217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

277、298、310 K温度下ECG对肌球蛋白荧光猝灭曲线方程及相关常数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度(K)线性回归方程Ka(L/mol)n相关系数r
277lg[(F0−F)/F]=0.9491lg[Q]+2.74208.483×1050.950.9972
298lg[(F0−F)/F]=1.4444lg[Q]+6.08211.208×1061.440.9922
310lg[(F0−F)/F]=1.4755lg[Q]+6.08771.223×1061.480.9932
), ArticleFig(id=1320880618859245778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Thermodynamic parameters of ECG –Myosin interactions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度(K)∆H(kJ/mol)∆S(J/mol·K)∆G(k/mol)
277107.27462.47−20.83
298−34.73
310−36.09
), ArticleFig(id=1320880618930548947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

ECG与肌球蛋白结合的热力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
温度(K)∆H(kJ/mol)∆S(J/mol·K)∆G(k/mol)
277107.27462.47−20.83
298−34.73
310−36.09
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619006046420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Partial automatic peak assignment of 2D FT-IR correlation spectroscopy (1800~1000 cm−1) of ECG and myosin (cm−1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号峰位分析峰归属
1号
(1044,1044)
(1044,1044)>0、(1044,1240)>0、(1044,1213)>0、
(1044,1650)<0、(1044,1550)<0
ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECGC/D环上的醚键上-C-O-的
伸缩振动
2号
(1085,1085)
(1085,1085)>0、(1085,1213)>0、(1085,1550)<0ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-的
伸缩振动
3号
(1147,1147)
(1147,1147)>0、(1147,1240)>0、(1147,1650)<0、
(1147,1550)<0
ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-的
伸缩振动
4号
(1213,1213)
(1213,1213)>0、(1213,1044)>0、(1213,1085)>0、
(1213,1240)>0、(1213,1650)<0
ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG酯键上的-C-O-伸缩振动
5号
(1240,1240)
(1240,1240)>0、(1240,1044)>0、(1240,1085)>0、
(1240、1147)>0
ECG分子内相互作用、肌球蛋白分子内相互作用或两者之间的相互作用,归属于ECG D环酯键上的-C-O-的伸缩振动或肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅲ带-C-N-的伸缩振动或两种官能团间的相互作用
6号
(1323,1323)
(1323,1323)>0、(1323,1650)<0、(1323,1550)<0ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG的-O-H变形振动
7号
(1363,1363)
(1363,1363)>0、(1363,1240)>0、(1363,1147)>0ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG的-O-H变形振动
8号
(1650,1650)
(1650,1650)>0、(1650,1213)<0、(1650,1044)<0肌球蛋白分子内相互作用,归属于肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅰ带α-螺旋-C=O-的
特征吸收峰
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619089932501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

ECG与肌球蛋白的二维红外相关光谱(1800~1000 cm−1)部分自动峰归属(cm−1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号峰位分析峰归属
1号
(1044,1044)
(1044,1044)>0、(1044,1240)>0、(1044,1213)>0、
(1044,1650)<0、(1044,1550)<0
ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECGC/D环上的醚键上-C-O-的
伸缩振动
2号
(1085,1085)
(1085,1085)>0、(1085,1213)>0、(1085,1550)<0ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-的
伸缩振动
3号
(1147,1147)
(1147,1147)>0、(1147,1240)>0、(1147,1650)<0、
(1147,1550)<0
ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-的
伸缩振动
4号
(1213,1213)
(1213,1213)>0、(1213,1044)>0、(1213,1085)>0、
(1213,1240)>0、(1213,1650)<0
ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG酯键上的-C-O-伸缩振动
5号
(1240,1240)
(1240,1240)>0、(1240,1044)>0、(1240,1085)>0、
(1240、1147)>0
ECG分子内相互作用、肌球蛋白分子内相互作用或两者之间的相互作用,归属于ECG D环酯键上的-C-O-的伸缩振动或肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅲ带-C-N-的伸缩振动或两种官能团间的相互作用
6号
(1323,1323)
(1323,1323)>0、(1323,1650)<0、(1323,1550)<0ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG的-O-H变形振动
7号
(1363,1363)
(1363,1363)>0、(1363,1240)>0、(1363,1147)>0ECG分子内相互作用形成的峰,归属于ECG的-O-H变形振动
8号
(1650,1650)
(1650,1650)>0、(1650,1213)<0、(1650,1044)<0肌球蛋白分子内相互作用,归属于肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅰ带α-螺旋-C=O-的
特征吸收峰
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619152847062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

ECG functional groups involved in the interaction and myosin functional groups bound to them (cm−1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参与反应的肌球蛋白基团与之结合的ECG基团
酰胺Ⅰ带α-螺旋的C=O(1658,1650)C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044、1085、1147)
酰胺Ⅱ带N-H、C-H(1550)D环上的-O-H-(1323)D环酯键上的-C-O-(1213)C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1085、1147)
酰胺Ⅲ带C-N(1240)-C=C-骨架(1618)苯环上的C=O骨架(1680)
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619211567319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

参与相互作用的ECG官能团及与之结合的肌球蛋白官能团(cm−1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参与反应的肌球蛋白基团与之结合的ECG基团
酰胺Ⅰ带α-螺旋的C=O(1658,1650)C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044、1085、1147)
酰胺Ⅱ带N-H、C-H(1550)D环上的-O-H-(1323)D环酯键上的-C-O-(1213)C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1085、1147)
酰胺Ⅲ带C-N(1240)-C=C-骨架(1618)苯环上的C=O骨架(1680)
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619270287576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Detailed analysis of ECG and myosin interaction sites (cm−1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
官能团名称ECG肌球蛋白
D环上-C=O伸缩振动1680
-C=C-骨架伸缩振动1618
-O-H-变形振动1323
C环上-CH2变形振动1455
C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-1085、1147
D环酯键上的-C-O-1213、1240
酰胺Ⅰ带中-C=O-1658、1650
酰胺Ⅱ带-N-H-1550
酰胺Ⅲ带-C-N-1238
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619337396441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

ECG与肌球蛋白相互作用位点的精细分析表(cm−1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
官能团名称ECG肌球蛋白
D环上-C=O伸缩振动1680
-C=C-骨架伸缩振动1618
-O-H-变形振动1323
C环上-CH2变形振动1455
C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-1085、1147
D环酯键上的-C-O-1213、1240
酰胺Ⅰ带中-C=O-1658、1650
酰胺Ⅱ带-N-H-1550
酰胺Ⅲ带-C-N-1238
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619396116698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Summary of main group reaction sequence of ECG intramolecular interaction

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
物质范围(cm−1)顺序
ECG3600~3250-OH(3303,3380 cm−1先于3537 cm−1先于3375,3475 cm−1)
1200~1700-CH2变形振动(1455 cm−1)/D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1085 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1213 cm−1)/C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1147,1047 cm−1)
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619488391387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

ECG分子内相互作用主要基团反应顺序总结

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
物质范围(cm−1)顺序
ECG3600~3250-OH(3303,3380 cm−1先于3537 cm−1先于3375,3475 cm−1)
1200~1700-CH2变形振动(1455 cm−1)/D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1085 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1213 cm−1)/C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1147,1047 cm−1)
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619563888860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Reaction sequence of major groups in ECG intramolecular interactions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号同步相关谱(cm−1)异步相关谱(cm−1)归属变化顺序(cm−1)
1Φ(3475,3380)>0Ψ(3475,3380)<0(ECG,ECG)3475后于3380
2Φ(3303,3475)>0Ψ(3303,3475)>0(ECG,ECG)3303先于3475
3Φ(3475,3537)>0Ψ(3475,3537)<0(ECG,ECG)3475后于3537
4Φ(3375,3537)>0Ψ(3375,3537)<0(ECG,ECG)3375后于3537
5Φ(3303,3537)>0Ψ(3303,3537)>0(ECG,ECG)3303先于3537
6Φ(1455,1147)>0Ψ(1455,1147)>0(ECG,ECG)1455先于1147
7Φ(1363,1147)>0Ψ(1363,1147)>0(ECG,ECG)1363先于1147
8Φ(1213,1085)>0Ψ(1213,1085)<0(ECG,ECG)1213后于1085
9Φ(1147,1085)>0Ψ(1147,1085)<0(ECG,ECG)1147后于1085
10Φ(1047,1085)>0Ψ(1047,1085)<0(ECG,ECG)1047后于1085
11Φ(1240,1044)>0Ψ(1240,1044)>0(ECG,ECG)1240先于1044
12Φ(1240,1147)>0Ψ(1240,1147)>0(ECG,ECG)1240先于1147
13Φ(1240,1213)>0Ψ(1240,1213)>0(ECG,ECG)1240先于1213
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619630997725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

ECG分子内相互作用主要基团反应顺序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号同步相关谱(cm−1)异步相关谱(cm−1)归属变化顺序(cm−1)
1Φ(3475,3380)>0Ψ(3475,3380)<0(ECG,ECG)3475后于3380
2Φ(3303,3475)>0Ψ(3303,3475)>0(ECG,ECG)3303先于3475
3Φ(3475,3537)>0Ψ(3475,3537)<0(ECG,ECG)3475后于3537
4Φ(3375,3537)>0Ψ(3375,3537)<0(ECG,ECG)3375后于3537
5Φ(3303,3537)>0Ψ(3303,3537)>0(ECG,ECG)3303先于3537
6Φ(1455,1147)>0Ψ(1455,1147)>0(ECG,ECG)1455先于1147
7Φ(1363,1147)>0Ψ(1363,1147)>0(ECG,ECG)1363先于1147
8Φ(1213,1085)>0Ψ(1213,1085)<0(ECG,ECG)1213后于1085
9Φ(1147,1085)>0Ψ(1147,1085)<0(ECG,ECG)1147后于1085
10Φ(1047,1085)>0Ψ(1047,1085)<0(ECG,ECG)1047后于1085
11Φ(1240,1044)>0Ψ(1240,1044)>0(ECG,ECG)1240先于1044
12Φ(1240,1147)>0Ψ(1240,1147)>0(ECG,ECG)1240先于1147
13Φ(1240,1213)>0Ψ(1240,1213)>0(ECG,ECG)1240先于1213
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619698106590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

Reaction sequence of major groups involved in intermolecular interactions in ECG and myosin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号同步相关谱(cm−1)异步相关谱(cm−1)归属变化顺序(cm−1)
1Φ(1147,1650)<0Ψ(1147,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1147先于1650
2Φ(1044,1650)<0Ψ(1044,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1044先于1650
3Φ(1323,1550)<0Ψ(1323,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1323先于1550
4Φ(1323,1650)<0Ψ(1323,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1323先于1650
5Φ(1213,1550)<0Ψ(1213,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1213先于1550
6Φ(1147,1550)<0Ψ(1147,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1147先于1550
7Φ(1085,1550)<0Ψ(1085,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1085先于1550
8Φ(1618,1240)>0Ψ(1618,1240)>0(ECG,Myosin)1618先于1240
9Φ(1680,1240)>0Ψ(1680,1240)>0(ECG,Myosin)1680先于1240
10Φ(1240,1650)<0Ψ(1240,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1240先于1650
11Φ(1240,1554)<0Ψ(1240,1554)<0(ECG,Myosin)1240先于1554
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619769409759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

ECG和肌球蛋白中参与分子间相互作用主要基团的反应顺序表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号同步相关谱(cm−1)异步相关谱(cm−1)归属变化顺序(cm−1)
1Φ(1147,1650)<0Ψ(1147,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1147先于1650
2Φ(1044,1650)<0Ψ(1044,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1044先于1650
3Φ(1323,1550)<0Ψ(1323,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1323先于1550
4Φ(1323,1650)<0Ψ(1323,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1323先于1650
5Φ(1213,1550)<0Ψ(1213,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1213先于1550
6Φ(1147,1550)<0Ψ(1147,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1147先于1550
7Φ(1085,1550)<0Ψ(1085,1550)<0(ECG,Myosin)1085先于1550
8Φ(1618,1240)>0Ψ(1618,1240)>0(ECG,Myosin)1618先于1240
9Φ(1680,1240)>0Ψ(1680,1240)>0(ECG,Myosin)1680先于1240
10Φ(1240,1650)<0Ψ(1240,1650)<0(ECG,Myosin)1240先于1650
11Φ(1240,1554)<0Ψ(1240,1554)<0(ECG,Myosin)1240先于1554
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619836518624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 10, caption=

Comparison of the reaction sequence of major groups involved in intermolecular interactions in ECG and myosin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
肌球蛋白顺序ECG
酰胺I带α-螺旋的C=O(1658,1650)后于D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1240~1213 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044 cm−1、1147 cm−1)
酰胺Ⅱ带N-H、C-H(1550 cm−1,1554 cm−1)后于D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1213 cm−1、1240 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044 cm−1、1085 cm−1、1147 cm−1)
酰胺Ⅲ带C-N伸缩振动和N-H(1240 cm−1)后于-C=C-骨架(1618 cm−1)先于苯环上的C=O(1680 cm−1)
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619912016097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表10, caption=

ECG和肌球蛋白中参与分子间相互作用主要基团的反应顺序比较表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
肌球蛋白顺序ECG
酰胺I带α-螺旋的C=O(1658,1650)后于D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1240~1213 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044 cm−1、1147 cm−1)
酰胺Ⅱ带N-H、C-H(1550 cm−1,1554 cm−1)后于D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1213 cm−1、1240 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044 cm−1、1085 cm−1、1147 cm−1)
酰胺Ⅲ带C-N伸缩振动和N-H(1240 cm−1)后于-C=C-骨架(1618 cm−1)先于苯环上的C=O(1680 cm−1)
), ArticleFig(id=1320880619983319266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=EN, label=Table 11, caption=

Summary of the reaction order of major groups involved in intramolecular interactions in ECG and myosin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
物质反应顺序
ECG第一反应序列:D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1213~1240 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044、1085、1147 cm−1)
第二反应序列:-C=C-骨架(1618 cm−1)先于苯环上的C=O(1680 cm−1)
肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅲ带(1240 cm−1)先于酰胺Ⅱ带(1550 cm−1,1554 cm−1)先于酰胺Ⅰ带(1650 cm−1)
), ArticleFig(id=1320880620050428131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880606871924847, language=CN, label=表11, caption=

ECG和肌球蛋白中参与分子内相互作用主要基团的反应顺序总结表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
物质反应顺序
ECG第一反应序列:D环上的-O-H-(1323 cm−1)先于D环上酯键-C-O-(1213~1240 cm−1)先于C/D环上的醚键上-C-O-(1044、1085、1147 cm−1)
第二反应序列:-C=C-骨架(1618 cm−1)先于苯环上的C=O(1680 cm−1)
肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅲ带(1240 cm−1)先于酰胺Ⅱ带(1550 cm−1,1554 cm−1)先于酰胺Ⅰ带(1650 cm−1)
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基于荧光光谱及二维红外光谱技术研究ECG与牛肉肌球蛋白的相互作用机制
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李欣 1 , 陈威风 1 , 许美娟 1 , 孙智达 2 , 胡燕 1 , 邹建 1, *
食品工业科技 | 食品组分与品质机制 2026,47(18): 124-134
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食品工业科技 |食品组分与品质机制 2026 , 47 (18) : 124 -134
基于荧光光谱及二维红外光谱技术研究ECG与牛肉肌球蛋白的相互作用机制
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李欣1 , 陈威风1, 许美娟1, 孙智达2, 胡燕1, 邹建1, *
作者信息
  • 1河南牧业经济学院食品科学学院,河南郑州 450000
  • 2华中农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖北武汉 430070
通讯作者:
邹建(1981−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品营养赋能、畜禽副产物高值化调控,E-mail:。
作者简介:

李欣(1984−),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:畜产品加工、食品营养与卫生,E-mail:

Interaction Mechanism between ECG and Beef Myosin Based on Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Two-dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy Techniques
Xin LI1 , Weifeng CHEN1, Meijuan XU1, Zhida SUN2, Yan HU1, Jian ZOU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Food Science, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450000, China
  • 2College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
出版时间: 2026-09-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025100079
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为探究莲房原花青素(lotus seedpod proanthocyanidin,LSPC)抑制牛肉蛋白质氧化的作用机制,运用纳米粒度仪、二维红外相关谱、荧光光谱等技术研究了LSPC的重要组分表儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epicatechin gallate,ECG)终浓度为10~40 μmol/L时对牛肉肌球蛋白(Myosin)氧化聚集的影响以及两者相互作用类型、主要作用力、作用位点、参与相互作用的基团、猝灭类型等。结果表明:与肌球蛋白相比,ECG终浓度为10~30 μmol/L时,ECG-肌球蛋白复合物SDS-PAGE图谱中250 kDa处条带变窄,Zeta电位绝对值增大、浊度降低,能够抑制蛋白氧化交联。这与ECG作为供氢体与肌球蛋白之间发生了非共价相互作用有关。荧光光谱及化学分析法结果显示,ECG与肌球蛋白的结合是以氢键和疏水相互作用为主要作用力、熵驱动的可以自发进行的吸热反应,能够猝灭肌球蛋白荧光。运用二维红外相关谱发现,ECG的D环上的-OH作为供氢体,优先于酯键、醚键及骨架中的C=C,与肌球蛋白α-螺旋中C=O及N-H、C-H形成氢键、疏水相互作用,从而抑制了肌球蛋白氧化及分子间的交联聚集。该研究为开发LSPC作为天然植物抗氧化剂应用于肉及肉制品行业提供了理论依据与实验支撑。

莲房原花青素  /  肌球蛋白  /  荧光光谱  /  二维红外光谱  /  非共价结合  /  抗蛋白质氧化

To elucidate the mechanism underlying the inhibition of beef protein oxidation by lotus seedpod proanthocyanidin (LSPC), epicatechin gallate (ECG) at a final concentration of 10 to 40 μmol/L, was investigated using a combination of nanoparticle size analysis, two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy (2D-IR COS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. This study focused on how ECG affected the oxidative aggregation of beef myosin as well as the interaction mode, dominant binding forces, action sites, involved functional groups, and fluorescence quenching mechanism between ECG and myosin. The results indicated that, relative to native myosin, ECG treatment at final concentrations of 10~30 μmol/L resulted in a narrowed 250 kDa band in the sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of the ECG-Myosin complex, an increased absolute value of Zeta potential, and reduced turbidity. These observations suggested that ECG inhibited oxidative myosin cross-linking with non-covalent interactions between ECG (acting as a hydrogen donor) and myosin. Fluorescence spectroscopy and chemical probing analyses revealed that ECG binding to myosin was an entropy-driven, thermodynamically favorable endothermic process, with hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions serving as the dominant forces. This interaction induced the static fluorescence quenching of myosin. Furthermore, 2D-IR COS demonstrated that the hydroxyl (-OH) groups on the D-ring of ECG, as hydrogen donors, preferentially formed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with carbonyl (C=O), amide (N-H), and alkyl (C-H) groups within the α-helical domains of myosin. These interactions inhibited protein oxidation and intermolecular cross-linking aggregation. This study provides a theoretical basis and experimental support for LSPC development as a natural plant-derived antioxidant for meat and meat products industry-related applications.

lotus seedpod proanthocyanidin  /  myosin  /  fluorescence spectroscopy  /  two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy  /  non-covalent binding  /  anti- oxidation protein
李欣, 陈威风, 许美娟, 孙智达, 胡燕, 邹建. 基于荧光光谱及二维红外光谱技术研究ECG与牛肉肌球蛋白的相互作用机制. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (18) : 124 -134 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025100079
Xin LI, Weifeng CHEN, Meijuan XU, Zhida SUN, Yan HU, Jian ZOU. Interaction Mechanism between ECG and Beef Myosin Based on Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Two-dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy Techniques[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (18) : 124 -134 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025100079
牛肉是人类摄入蛋白质的良好来源。肌原纤维蛋白是牛肉中含量最丰富的蛋白质,而肌球蛋白则是肌原纤维蛋白的最主要成分,其功能性质的表达受自身分子量大小及氧化还原状态的影响,直接决定着冷藏期间牛肉的品质[1]。肌球蛋白富含巯基,且在牛肉生产、运输、销售中难免受光照、氧气等外界条件的影响,极易发生蛋白质氧化,从而导致牛肉出现色泽褐变、汁液流失、嫩度下降、营养价值降低等品质劣变问题[2],削弱消费者的购买欲。
随着人们健康意识的增强,相比人工合成抗氧化剂,使用安全性更高的天然抗氧化剂逐渐成为肉类保鲜的应用趋势[3]。植物多酚具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌等特性,近年来受到研究者的关注,并被运用到肉品保鲜中。如桑葚多酚、茶多酚、番石榴叶多酚等能够延缓肉类蛋白质氧化聚集[4−6],黑莓、桑叶的多酚提取物质可以抑制冷鲜猪肉脂肪氧化,增强牛肉饼的抗氧化稳定性,且具有抗菌性,能够延长肉品货架期[7−9]。葡萄籽原花青素能有效抑制鸡肉蛋白质的降解、降低菌落总数,具有明显的保鲜效果[10]。莲房原花青素是从莲蓬壳中提取的一种以黄烷-3-醇为结构单元通过C4-C6键缩合而成的植物多酚,提取率约2.66%,主要组分为儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯及B-型原花青素二聚体[11],无不良气味,剂量<5 g/kg时安全无毒,具有抗氧化、抑菌等多种功效[12−13]。这为LSPC作为绿色安全的天然保鲜剂应用于食品加工提供了可能。禹华娟[14]研究表明,LSPC应用于火腿中可抑制油脂氧化。最近研究证实,LSPC能够显著抑制冷藏期间冷鲜牛肉蛋白质氧化,延长牛肉货架期4~8 d[15],说明LSPC具有作为天然植物保鲜剂应用于肉及肉品保鲜行业的潜在价值。LSPC可以从废弃的莲蓬壳中提取,节约生产成本,变废为宝,具有可观的经济效益及广阔的应用前景。但目前LSPC抗肉类蛋白质氧化机理尚不清楚,这制约了LSPC应用于肉及肉制品行业的开发利用。
据报道,植物多酚与蛋白质共存于同一食品体系中多发生非共价相互作用,不仅能改变蛋白的氧化稳定性[16],还可能改变蛋白质的理化、功能特性,最终改变肉的品质。由于研究相互作用的精细化要求,以及LSPC组成成分复杂性,本文通过预实验筛选出抗氧化能力最强、结合能最低的ECG作为LSPC的代表性组分,通过荧光光谱法及二维红外技术探究ECG与冷鲜牛肉肌球蛋白的相互作用类型、作用位点等作用机制,从相互作用的角度揭示LSPC抗蛋白质氧化交联的机理,也为LSPC作为天然保鲜剂的有效开发及在肉与肉制品行业规模化生产中的应用提供理论基础和实验支撑。
表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG,纯度大于98%) 成都普瑞法生物有限公司;冷鲜牛肉牛背最长肌 河南焦作某公司,即西门塔尔杂交牛宰杀后冷却排酸,通过4 ℃冷链运输车快速运至实验室,立即用于实验;β-巯基乙醇、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼、2,2-氨基-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐、三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷、2,4,6-三吡啶基三嗪、三磷酸腺苷(Adenosine triphosphate,ATP) 均为色谱纯,上海麦克林科技有限公司。
Zetasizer Nano ZS纳米粒度分析仪 英国Malvern有限公司;UV1750紫外-可见分光光度计 岛津(上海)实验器材有限公司;F-4600荧光光谱仪 丹麦福斯集团公司;470 FT-IR傅里叶变换红外光谱仪  美国Thermo Eletron Corporation。
参考Zhang等[17]的方法,取冷鲜牛肉背最长肌,绞成肉糜。称取50 g肉糜加入10倍体积的试剂A(0.1 mol/L KCl,20 mmol/L Tris-HCl缓冲液,用HCl调节pH至7.5),4 ℃ 10000 r/min,均质1 min。在4 ℃下静置15 min,离心。取沉淀,加入5倍体积的试剂B(0.45 mol/L KCl,5 mmol/L β-巯基乙醇,0.2 mol/L乙酸镁,1 mmol/L EGTA,20 mmol/L Tris-HCl缓冲液,用马来酸调节pH至6.8),再加入ATP使其最终浓度为10 mmol/L,静置90 min,离心。取上清液,加入5倍体积的1 mmol/L KHCO3缓慢稀释,静置20 min,离心。取沉淀,加入2.5倍体积的试剂C(0.5 mol/L KCl,5 mmol/L β-巯基乙醇,20 mmol/L Tris-HCl缓冲液,pH7.5),静置10 min,然后缓慢加入7倍体积的1 mmol/L KHCO3,同时加入MgCl2使其终浓度为10 mmol/L。4 ℃静置12 h,离心,沉淀即为肌球蛋白。用20 mmol/L Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH7.5,含0.5 mol/L NaCl)溶解肌球蛋白,测定蛋白浓度后,4 ℃保存备用,48 h内用完。
配制20、40、60、80 μmol/L的ECG水溶液,各取适量分别与等体积的1 mg/mL肌球蛋白溶液混匀,用蒸馏水代替ECG水溶液作为空白对照组,使各组实验样品中肌球蛋白的浓度为0.5 mg/mL,ECG终浓度分别为0、10、20、30、40 μmol/L。4 ℃下静置12 h,得到不同浓度的ECG与肌球蛋白复合物(ECG-肌球蛋白复合物),即为样液,用于指标测定。
参考Zhang等[17]的方法,取1 mL 0.2 mg/mL的ECG-肌球蛋白复合物样液,采用Zetasizer Nano ZS纳米粒度分析仪,测定样品的粒度和Zeta电位。
取适量ECG-肌球蛋白复合物样液,运用紫外-可见分光光度计在600 nm处测量吸光度,即为样品浊度[18]。
使用超快SDS-PAGE凝胶制备试剂盒进行凝胶板的制备,分离胶浓度为12%,浓缩胶浓度为4%。选择13孔梳,取离心后上清液上样,每孔上样量20 µL,蛋白Marker上样量7 µL。电泳仪初始电压设定为80 V,当样品到达浓缩胶与分离胶的分界线时,将电压调为120 V。当样品达到距离玻璃板底端边缘1 cm处,关闭电泳仪。将凝胶板取出转移至染色盒中,加入0.1%的考马斯亮蓝R250染色液在摇床上染色3 h后,加入脱色液震荡脱色,直至凝胶底色脱尽,蛋白条带清晰后,拍摄电泳图。
按照Huang等[19]的方法测定样品的荧光猝灭光谱。取5份1 mL 1 mg/mL的肌球蛋白溶液,分别加入1 mL不同浓度的ECG梯度混匀后(ECG终浓度范围:0~40 μmol/L),在277、298、310 K下反应2 h后,使用荧光光谱仪测定样品的荧光猝灭光谱,测试条件为:激发波长280 nm,狭缝宽度为5 nm,收集300~450 nm范围内的发射光谱。运用Stern-Volmer方程式(1)来确定荧光猝灭机制。最后通过双对数方程式(2)计算出ECG与肌球蛋白的结合常数和结合位点数。
$\rm \frac{{\text{F}}_{0}}{\text{F}}=\text{1+Kq}\tau _0\text{[Q]=1+Ksv[Q]} $
$ \mathrm{\lg } \left[\frac{{\text{F}}_{0}-\text{F}}{\text{F}}\right]=\text{lg}{\text{K}}_{\text{a}}+\text{nlg[Q]} $
式中:F0为未加入猝灭剂时的荧光强度;F为加入猝灭剂后的荧光强度;Kq为双分子猝灭过程速率常数(L/mol·s);Ksv为Stern-Volmer动态猝灭常数(L/mol);[Q]为猝灭剂ECG的浓度(mol/L);τ0为猝灭剂不存在条件下生物大分子的平均荧光寿命(约为10-8 s);Ka为结合常数(L/mol);n为结合位点数。
根据不同温度下的荧光数据,运用Van’t Hoff方程式(3)和热力学方程式(4)计算出热力学参数,判断作用力类型。
$ \ln {\text{K}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\Delta\text{H}}{\text{RT}}+\frac{\Delta\text{S}}{\text{R}} $
$\rm {\Delta G= \Delta H}-{T \Delta S} $
式中,Ka为结合常数;T为绝对温度(K);R为气体常数8.314 J∙mol−1∙K−1;∆H表示焓变(kJ/mol);∆S表示熵变(J/mol·K);∆G表示吉布斯自由能(kJ/mol)。
参考Zhang等[17]的方法,按照样品制备方法同比例调大浓度,使样品肌球蛋白最终浓度为10 mg/mL。取1 mL ECG-肌球蛋白复合物样液分别与5 mL 0.05 mol/L NaCl(溶液A)、0.6 mol/L NaCl(溶液B)、0.6 mol/L NaCl(溶液C,含1.5 mol/L尿素),0.6 mol/L NaCl(溶液D,含8 mol/L尿素),0.6 mol/L NaCl(溶液E,分别含有8 mol/L尿素和0.05 mol/L β-巯基乙醇)混匀,7000 r/min,均质30 s,离心(4 ℃,10000 r/min,5 min),用考马斯亮蓝法测定上清液中的蛋白浓度。各种化学力的计算方法如下:
$\begin{split} &\rm 离子键(静电相互作用)=溶液B的蛋白含量-\\&\rm 溶液A的蛋白含量 \end{split}$
$ \mathrm{氢键=溶液C中蛋白含量-溶液B中蛋白含量} $
$\begin{split} &\rm 疏水相互作用=溶液D中蛋白含量-\\&\rm 溶液C中蛋白含量 \end{split}$
$ \mathrm{二硫键=溶液E的蛋白含量-溶液D的蛋白含量} $
参考Li等[20]的方法将1mg/mL肌球蛋白溶液分别与不同浓度(20~120 μmol/L)的ECG溶液按体积比1:1混合后,4 ℃下静置12 h后,冷冻干燥并研磨成粉末,取30 mg样品粉末与1.5 g干燥的KBr粉末(1:50)研磨成混合粉末。准确称量200 mg混合粉末,压制成片进行FT-IR测定,得到一系列ECG-肌球蛋白复合物的FT-IR光谱,并通过2Dshige软件(version 1.3)进行数据处理与分析,得到二维红外相关谱。
采用SPSS Statistics 20.0进行ANOVA单因素方差分析和邓肯多重比较法进行差异显著性分析。P<0.05表示结果具有显著性差异。运用Origin9.0软件(Origin Lab Inc. USA)作图,所有实验均重复3次,结果用平均值±标准差表示。
冷藏条件下ECG对肌球蛋白Zeta电位和粒径的影响见图1。图1A显示,各组样品Zeta电位均小于0,说明样品表面氨基酸均带负电荷。空白对照组肌球蛋白Zeta电位为−4.7 mV,随着ECG浓度增大,Zeta电位绝对值逐渐升高。当ECG终浓度为30 μmol/L时,ECG-肌球蛋白复合物Zeta电位绝对值最大(6.97 mV)。值得注意的是,ECG终浓度增至40 μmol/L时,Zeta电位绝对值反而降至6.28 mV,但差异不显著,这归因于过高的ECG浓度对肌球蛋白表面的负电荷产生了屏蔽作用,肌球蛋白分子间的静电斥力减弱,出现聚集的倾向[21]。
蛋白粒径是蛋白质聚集的直观反映。图1B中,空白对照肌球蛋白平均粒径为6084.33 nm,ECG终浓度为10、20、30 μmol/L的ECG-肌球蛋白复合物粒径略有升高,但无显著性差异。然而经40 μmol/L ECG处理的肌球蛋白,粒径陡增至10765.33 nm,显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,10~30 μmol/L ECG在抑制肌球蛋白自氧化的同时未引起蛋白分子间交联聚集,有效维持了ECG-肌球蛋白复合物溶液体系的稳定性。但当浓度≥40 μmol/L时,ECG-肌球蛋白复合物粒径略陡增。这可能是因为中低浓度的ECG(10~30 μmol/L)可能作为供氢体抑制了蛋白质氧化,且能诱导蛋白结构适当展开,抑制了肌球蛋白氧化交联。过量的ECG(40≥μmol/L)则促使了肌球蛋白表面疏水性升高,而疏水作用是蛋白质交联聚集的主要作用力,这种聚集在一定程度上影响了蛋白质分子的粒径分布。此外,过量ECG对肌球蛋白表面负电荷的屏蔽作用降低了蛋白稳定性,也会增大其粒径[22−23]。前人研究也发现氧化多酚会诱导肉类蛋白质的聚集,如周扬等[24]报道,加入高浓度迷迭香也会促进猪肉肌球蛋白的聚集,促使蛋白粒径增加。曹云刚[25]也报道了高浓度绿原酸会引起猪肉肌原纤维蛋白交联聚集。
浊度可以指示大分子和聚电解质的非共价络合,以及聚集和非聚集的胶体,常被用于研究多酚与蛋白质之间发生共价或非共价相互作用的复杂行为[26]。图2显示,空白对照组肌球蛋白浊度为0.183,随着ECG浓度升高,ECG-肌球蛋白复合物的浊度先降低后升高。ECG浓度为30 μmol/L的ECG-肌球蛋白复合物浊度显著降低至0.158(P<0.05),因为2.1中低浓度的ECG(10~30 μmol/L)增高Zeta电位,且抑制了肌球蛋白发生氧化交联,维持了ECG-肌球蛋白复合物溶液体系的稳定性,与空白对照组相比浊度降低。而ECG终浓度增加至40 μmol/L时,ECG-肌球蛋白复合物的浊度则增至0.185。这是因为此时Zeta电位绝对值降低,粒径增大,ECG-肌球蛋白复合物溶液体系不稳定,浊度增大。该结果与此前相关报道结果一致[27]。
肌球蛋白易发生自氧化,导致分子内和分子间二硫键及其他共价键交联,因此,采用SDS-PAGE分析ECG加入对于肌球蛋白氧化交联的影响,并初步分析两者之间的相互作用。由图3可知,4 ℃冷藏放置12 h后,空白对照组(a道)在250 kDa处条带变宽,证实了肌球蛋白发生了自氧化与交联。ECG终浓度为10~30 μmol/L的ECG-肌球蛋白复合物,250 kDa处条带较窄,表明中低浓度下ECG能够抑制肌球蛋白自氧化与交联聚集。但ECG终浓度为40 μmol/L时(e道),与d道相比,该处条带略有变宽,说明过量的ECG会促使蛋白质分子交联聚集,这印证了2.1、2.2中ECG终浓度为10~30 μmol/L时能够抑制蛋白质交联聚集,降低粒径与浊度,而高浓度ECG(40 μmol/L)促使肌球蛋白粒径增大、浊度增大的原因。各组样品均未发现新的条带,说明ECG与肌球蛋白之间发生了非共价相互作用。
当激发波长设置为280 nm时,肌球蛋白在331 nm处出现特征荧光吸收峰,这是肌球蛋白固有的荧光(见图4),主要来源于其结构中的色氨酸和酪氨酸[20]。在277、298、310 K三个不同温度下,随着ECG浓度的增加,肌球蛋白在331 nm处的特征吸收峰强度均逐渐降低,表明ECG能够猝灭肌球蛋白固有荧光。
蛋白质荧光猝灭通常分为动态和静态猝灭[28]。为确定ECG对肌球蛋白荧光猝灭作用类型,运用经典的Stern-Volmer方程对图4中荧光猝灭数据进行分析。277、298、310 K条件下ECG对肌球蛋白荧光猝灭的Stern-Volmer方程拟合见图5,具体猝灭常数见表1。
由以上结果可知,ECG与肌球蛋白之间的Stern-Volmer方程中F0/F和ECG浓度[Q]之间具有线性相关性(见图5及表1)。3个不同温度下的猝灭速率常数Kq最小为1.094×1012,明显大于最大动态猝灭常数2.0×1010 L/(mol·s),且随着温度升高,猝灭常数Ksv降低,说明ECG对肌球蛋白的荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭。
通过式(2)静态猝灭公式计算得到静态猝灭中荧光猝灭剂与荧光物质之间lg[(F0-F)/F]与lg[Q]的方程及相关常数见图6及表2。
由表2可知,结合常数Ka随着温度的升高而增大,表明ECG与肌球蛋白的结合可能为吸热反应,这将在下面的∆H中进一步验证。
根据上文相关数据,按照1.2.6中式(3)、式(4),计算得到ECG与肌球蛋白结合的热力学参数(见表3)。由结果可知,∆H>0,∆S>0,表明ECG和肌球蛋白主要通过疏水相互作用发生非共价结合;∆S>0表明两者结合的过程是熵驱动的过程;∆H>0表明两者结合反应为吸热反应;∆G<0说明两者的非共价结合是自发过程。目前研究也有类似报道,如槲皮素与牛血清蛋白之间的非共价结合也以疏水相互作用为主[29]。
色氨酸残基和酪氨酸残基的同步荧光光谱如图7所示,对比可知,色氨酸残基的荧光强度强于酪氨酸,表明前者对肌球蛋白自身的荧光贡献大于后者。图7A表明,当∆λ为15 nm时,ECG浓度越大,酪氨酸残基的荧光强度越弱,并且最大吸收波长出现了轻微的红移,说明酪氨酸所处环境中疏水性减弱[19],这是因为ECG的加入引入羟基等亲水性基团,可能形成更多氢键,增强了酪氨酸残基所处的微环境极性,降低了疏水性,这将在二维红外研究中得到验证。由图7可知,当∆λ为60 nm时,ECG浓度越大,色氨酸的荧光强度越低,但最大吸收峰峰值并未发生位移变化。以上结果表明,ECG与肌球蛋白之间的非共价相互作用会导致酪氨酸和色氨酸发生荧光猝灭,对酪氨酸残基的荧光猝灭高于对色氨酸残基的荧光猝灭作用,这可能与ECG与二者的相互作用差异有关。
多酚与蛋白质之间的相互作用比较复杂,用一种方法很难分析全面,通常需要多种分析方法综合验证。因此,采用化学作用力法进一步研究ECG与肌球蛋白之间的相互作用。各组样品化学作用力的变化见图8,由图8可知,随着ECG浓度的增大,疏水相互作用、氢键逐渐增强,离子键逐渐减弱,二硫键无显著变化。当ECG浓度增大到200 μmol/L时,疏水相互作用、氢键分别比未添加ECG的肌球蛋白显著升高了20.36%(P<0.05)、73.91%(P<0.05),离子键显著下降了81.92%(P<0.05),二硫键无显著性变化。
以上变化表明,ECG的加入极大增强了疏水相互作用和氢键作用,弱化了离子键作用。也就是说,ECG与肌球蛋白之间的非共价相互作用驱动力是疏水相互作用和氢键。这与目前相关报道结果一致,即冷藏条件下疏水-疏水相互作用是参与蛋白质-多酚偶联物形成的主要作用力[30−31]。这与多酚和蛋白质中氨基酸的结构密切相关。ECG具有联苯二酚、联苯三酚结构,可作为供氢体,与蛋白质中的C=O以及肽链氨基酸的羟基和氨基形成氢键[32];其非极性芳香环的疏水取代基可以和肌球蛋白头部聚集的酪氨酸等大量疏水性氨基酸形成疏水相互作用。这些结构特点为两者之间发生非共价结合提供了条件。
由于采用了干涉的信号检测手段,对一维红外中的部分重叠峰作了进一步处理,二维红外相关光谱包含各频率光的相位信息,使其能够被观察到,从而增加了图谱的分辨率[33]。图9、图11中的空白区和阴影区分别表示官能团间相互作用正相关及负相关的强度,通常阴影区代表负峰,表示相消干涉产生的信号;空白区代表正峰,表示相长干涉产生的信号。
3600~3200 cm−1高波数区同步相关谱图和异步相关谱图如图9所示。同步相关谱图中(图9A),3375、3426、3475、3517、3537 cm−1处观察到位于对角线上的5个自动峰。根据官能团特征及Wang等[11]报道,3537、3469、3375 cm−1的吸收峰归属于ECG苯环上不同位置(见图10中B环的3、4号位或者D环的3、4、5号位)的-O-H伸缩振动吸收。因此,图9A中(3300,3537),(3375,3537),(3469,3537)处的正交叉峰是ECG分子内苯环上不同位置羟基的振动具有相同取向的结果。
图11A显示,1800~1000 cm−1同步相关谱中,对角线上有1044、1323、1363、1650 cm−1 8个自动峰(依次对应图11A中1~8号峰),各自动峰的归属分析见表4。在非对角度线区域还出现了交叉峰,说明ECG与肌球蛋白之间既有分子内相互作用,也有分子间相互作用,其中(1455,1323)、(1455,1240)、(1455,1147)、(1455,1085)、(1455,1045)均大于0,表明1455 cm−1归属于ECG骨架上的-CH2振动。
在以上峰归属的基础上继续分析图11B异步相关谱发现,(1147,1650)、(1044,1650)、(1323,1550)、(1213,1550)、(1147,1550)、(1085,1550)均为负峰,说明微扰过程中,肌球蛋白的C=O伸缩振动、N-H摇摆振动和N-H面内变形振动与ECG骨架上的-O-H以及醚键、酯键上的-C-O发生了相互作用。(1654,1240)、(1550,1240)处均出现较弱的负峰,说明1240 cm−1处是肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅲ带与ECG酯键上的-C-O-伸缩振动吸收耦合的结果。异步峰中有交叉峰,说明两者之间存在相互作用。(1240,1363)、(1240,1618)、(1240,1680)虽为正峰,但在异步谱中显示均有交叉负峰,说明此处ECG、肌球蛋白均存在分子间相互作用,同时也存在分子内相互作用。1240 cm−1归属于酰胺Ⅲ带的吸收,1618 cm−1、1680 cm−1分别归属于ECG的-C=C-骨架伸缩振动以及苯环上的C=O的振动。
综合二维红外同步、异步相关图谱分析结果,证实了ECG和肌球蛋白之间存在复杂的非共价相互作用,且表明ECG的一些官能团参与了两者之间的相互作用(详见表5、表6),具体为:肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅲ带C-N与ECG的C=C骨架、苯环上的C=O进行结合;肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅱ带中N-H、C-H与ECG中D环上的-O-H-以及酯键上的-C-O-进行结合;肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅰ带的α-螺旋中C=O与ECG中D环上-O-H的变形振动以及醚键上的-C-O-伸缩振动进行结合。据Sun等[31]报道,植物多酚苯环上的酚羟基被认为是极好的供氢基团,它可以与蛋白质的C=O基团、羟基(-OH)和氨基(-NH2)形成氢键。上述结果中,肌球蛋白酰胺Ⅱ带、酰胺Ⅰ带中基团的结合促使ECG与肌球蛋白之间形成氢键;疏水相互作用主要是由多酚的芳香环和肌球蛋白中酪氨酸等疏水性氨基酸残基等引起[30]。而蛋白质酰胺Ⅲ带吸收峰主要来源于氨基酸残基中C-N伸缩振动和N-H面内弯曲振动[34]。酰胺Ⅲ带、酰胺Ⅱ带中N-H、C-H与D环上的-O-H-以及酯键上的-C-O-结合,促进了ECG与肌球蛋白之间疏水相互作用的形成。这有力揭示了2.5中ECG与肌球蛋白之间非共价结合主要以氢键和疏水相互作用为主要驱动力的根本原因。
根据表5、表6中精细的吸收峰归属以及Noda规则[35],分析ECG或肌球蛋白中参与相互作用的主要官能团反应顺序。同步相关谱中峰Φ(v1,v2)与异步相关谱中峰Ψ(v1,v2)同为正或者同为负,说明v1代表的官能团优先于v2代表的官能团优先发生反应,标记为v1先于v2。若同一峰位在同步相关谱和异步相关谱中一正一负,则说明v2优先于v1发生反应,标记为v1后于v2[36−37]。
首先对ECG、肌球蛋白分子内相互作用的官能团反应顺序进行分析,详见表7、表8。其次再对ECG和肌球蛋白相互作用的官能团进行比较分析,进一步探究ECG和肌球蛋白在受到外界微扰动时官能团参与结合的活泼程度,详见表9。
对ECG、肌球蛋白中参与分子间相互作用以及ECG分子内相互作用的官能团进行总结,分析主要基团参与两者相互作用的反应顺序,见表10、表11。
综上所述,根据二维红外得到参与相互作用基团类别、结合情况及先后顺序表明,小分子ECG优先于肌球蛋白参与两者结合。在ECG内部,D环上的-OH先于酯键,优于醚键-C-O-,先于骨架中C=C键参与两者反应;在肌球蛋白中,酰胺Ⅲ带中C-N先于酰胺Ⅰ带中C=O、酰胺Ⅱ带中N-H、C-H参与两者反应。
本文运用纳米粒度仪、紫外分光光度计、荧光光谱、二维红外光谱等测定了LSPC的重要组分ECG终浓度为10~40 μmol/L时对牛肉肌球蛋白Zeta电位、粒径及浊氧化及氧化交联的影响,重点运用荧光光谱、化学分析法、二维红外研究了ECG与肌球蛋白的相互作用类型、结合位点及参与相互作用基团,以揭示LSPC抑制肉类蛋白质氧化的机理。研究发现,中低浓度的ECG(10~30 μmol/L)使ECG-肌球蛋白复合物SDS-PAGE图谱中250 kDa处条带变窄,增大Zeta电位绝对值、降低浊度,能够抑制肌球蛋白自氧化与交联聚集,维持复合物溶液稳定性;高浓度ECG(40 μmol/L)则促使肌球蛋白交联聚集,Zeta电位绝对值降低,浊度增大,溶液体系稳定性降低,这与ECG作为供氢体与肌球蛋白之间发生了非共价相互作用有关,提示将ECG、LSPC等植物多酚作为抗氧化剂应用于肉品保鲜时应选择适宜的浓度与用量。运用二维红外相关谱、荧光光谱等技术进一步研究发现,ECG与肌球蛋白之间发生了以氢键和疏水相互作用为主要作用力的非共价结合,是熵驱动的可以自发进行的吸热反应,能够猝灭肌球蛋白荧光。结合过程中ECG的D环上的-OH作为供氢体,优先于酯键、醚键及骨架中的C=C,与肌球蛋白α-螺旋中C=O及N-H、C-H形成氢键、疏水相互作用,从而降低了ECG-肌球蛋白复合物Zeta电位、粒径和浊度,发挥了抗蛋白质氧化聚集的作用,维持了溶液的稳定性。本研究为LSPC的开发及作为天然抗氧化剂在改善肉及肉制品品质中的应用提供了理论依据和应用指导。

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2026年第47卷第18期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025100079
  • 接收时间:2025-10-13
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-09-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-13
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    1河南牧业经济学院食品科学学院,河南郑州 450000
    2华中农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖北武汉 430070

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邹建(1981−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:食品营养赋能、畜禽副产物高值化调控,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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