Article(id=1320880494162592409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090299, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1758729600000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852050580, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1789401600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852050580, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852050580, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852050580, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320880262012056083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='18', pageStart='1', pageEnd='613', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789401600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792851995232, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921655980, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=537, endPage=545, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320880494456193690, articleId=1320880494162592409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Effects of Medicinal Fungi on the Tumor Microenvironment in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer through the IL-17 Signaling Pathway, columnId=1320880301220410188, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Food Nutrition and Health Benefits, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective: From the perspective of the tumor microenvironment, this study explored the anti-tumor mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus linteus, and Cordyceps militaris. Methods: Aqueous extracts (FAEs) of Ganoderma lucidum (RL), Phellinus linteus (BJ), and Cordyceps militaris (XG) were prepared via water bath extraction and vacuum freeze-drying. The effects of the FAEs and their conditioned media (CM) on the proliferative activity of A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells were determined using the MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on cells treated with 4 mg/mL FAE, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was used to identify the response characteristics of the IL-17 signaling pathway to each extract. Additionally, immunocytochemical staining, antibody blocking assays, and ELISA were used to detect the effects of the FAEs on the expression levels of the mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B and the chemokines IL-6, CCL2, CCL20, CXCL8, and CXCL10. Results: The three FAEs and CM inhibited the proliferation of the A549 cells and induced their apoptosis. Transcriptome analysis results revealed that upregulated genes were predominant in the RL and BJ groups, whereas downregulated genes were predominant in the XG group. All groups showed significant enrichment in signaling pathways related to tumor microenvironment formation. Additionally, significant alterations were observed in the expression levels of key effector molecules downstream of the IL-17 signaling pathway (ko04657) in all groups. All three FAEs significantly inhibited MUC5B expression (P<0.01). However, BJ treatment did not significantly affect MUC5AC expression (P>0.05). MUC5AC antibody blocking weakened the inhibitory effects of RL and XG on cell proliferation (P<0.05), whereas MUC5B antibody blocking significantly reduced the anti-proliferative effects of RL and BJ on the cells (P<0.05). Furthermore, all three FAEs significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-6, CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL8 (P<0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus linteus, and Cordyceps militaris can all remodel the tumor microenvironment to synergistically exert anti-tumor effects. This provides a new theoretical basis for their development as functional foods for adjuvant cancer therapy.

, authors=Junying CHEN1, Qi ZHANG1, Mingqi CUI1, Xiaoqian WANG1, Shenghou WANG2, 3, Hongbo PANG1, Ze WANG1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=Junying CHEN, Qi ZHANG, Mingqi CUI, Xiaoqian WANG, Shenghou WANG, Hongbo PANG, Ze WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ze WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320880496654009000, articleId=1320880494162592409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=基于IL-17信号通路探讨药用真菌对非小细胞肺癌肿瘤微环境的影响, columnId=1320880301400765262, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=食品营养与健康功效, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的:从肿瘤微环境的角度,探讨灵芝、暴马丁香桑黄和蛹虫草的抗肿瘤新机制。方法:采用水浴浸提结合真空冷冻干燥技术制备灵芝(RL)、暴马丁香桑黄(BJ)和蛹虫草(XG)的水提物(FAE),通过MTT法和Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测FAE及各药用真菌条件培养基(CM)对非小细胞肺癌细胞A549增殖活性的影响。以4 mg/mL FAE处理细胞后,转录组测序并结合KEGG通路富集分析IL-17信号通路对各FAE的响应特征;采用免疫细胞化学染色、抗体封闭实验及ELISA实验进一步检测各FAE对黏蛋白MUC5AC和MUC5B,趋化因子IL6、CCL2、CCL20、CXCL8和CXCL10表达量的影响。结果:FAE和CM均可抑制A549细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡。转录组测序结果显示,RL组与BJ组以上调基因为主,XG组以下调基因为主,且均在肿瘤微环境形成相关信号通路存在显著富集;各组IL-17信号通路(ko04657)下游关键效应分子表达水平存在显著性改变(P<0.05)。三种FAE均可显著抑制肺癌细胞的MUC5B的表达(P<0.01),但BJ处理对MUC5AC的表达无显著影响(P>0.05)。MUC5AC抗体封闭显著削弱RL和XG对细胞增殖的抑制作用(P<0.05),MUC5B抗体封闭后,RL组和BJ组对细胞增殖的抑制作用显著下降(P<0.05)。此外,三种FAE对细胞因子IL6、CCL2、CCL20和CXCL8的分泌水平具有显著抑制的作用(P<0.01)。结论:灵芝、暴马丁香桑黄与蛹虫草均可通过重塑肿瘤微环境,协同发挥抗肿瘤作用,这为其开发为辅助肿瘤治疗的功能性食品提供了新理论支撑。

, authors=陈俊颖1, 张奇1, 崔明琦1, 王晓倩1, 王升厚2, 3, 逄洪波1, 王泽1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=陈俊颖, 张奇, 崔明琦, 王晓倩, 王升厚, 逄洪波, 王泽, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王泽, authorNote=

陈俊颖(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:药用真菌资源研究与开发,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
王泽(1979−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:药用真菌资源研究与开发,E-mail:。
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陈俊颖(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:药用真菌资源研究与开发,E-mail:

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2Liaoning Key Laboratory of Functional Cordyceps Militaris, Shenyang 110034, China
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2辽宁省功能性蛹虫草重点实验室,辽宁沈阳 110034
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Theranostics, 2019, 9(3): 853−867., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320880497388012201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880497434149546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, companyId=1320880497388012201, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880497471898283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, companyId=1320880497388012201, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁沈阳 110034)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320880497673224876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880497706779309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, companyId=1320880497673224876, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Liaoning Key Laboratory of Functional Cordyceps Militaris, Shenyang 110034, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880497727750830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, companyId=1320880497673224876, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2辽宁省功能性蛹虫草重点实验室,辽宁沈阳 110034)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320880497849385647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880497866162864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, companyId=1320880497849385647, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Industrial Technology Research Academy for Cordyceps Militaris with Functional Value of Shenyang, Shenyang 110034, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880497924883121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, companyId=1320880497849385647, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3沈阳市功能性蛹虫草产业技术研究院,辽宁沈阳 110034)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320880501599093474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effects of three medicinal fungi on the proliferative activity of human lung cancer A549 cells, figureFileSmall=bCwrf0Bk3YPHslL+wvrXMg==, figureFileBig=/UROFb0DU93lN2grsZ7skQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880501670396643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=CN, label=图1, caption=三种药用真菌对人肺癌细胞A549增殖活性的影响

注:A:RL组;B:XG组;C:BJ组;D:Annexin V-FITC/PI双染荧光信号强度;E:Annexin V-FITC/PI细胞凋亡双染图(10×10,比例尺=100 μm);Annexin V-FITC染色标记早期凋亡细胞膜(绿色荧光),PI染色标记中晚期凋亡细胞(红色荧光)。与CK组或同组相比,*表示显著差异,P<0.05;**表示极显著差异,P<0.01;ns 表示差异不显著。

, figureFileSmall=bCwrf0Bk3YPHslL+wvrXMg==, figureFileBig=/UROFb0DU93lN2grsZ7skQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880501909471972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of conditioned medium of three medicinal fungi on the proliferation of human lung cancer A549 cells, figureFileSmall=qR4PSox+AJFsTE6lXSSJ0w==, figureFileBig=I38rm4z/Rqw17FVp3jQkPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880501993358053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=CN, label=图2, caption=三种药用真菌CM对人肺癌细胞A549生长活性的影响

注:A:MTT检测结果;B:Annexin V-FITC/PI双染荧光信号强度;C:Annexin V-FITC/PI细胞凋亡双染图(10×10,比例尺=100 μm);图2A:与CK组或两组之间相比,*表示显著差异,P<0.05;**表示极显著差异,P<0.01;与CK-CM组相比,##表示极显著差异,P<0.01。图2B:与CK-CM组相比,**表示极显著差异,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=qR4PSox+AJFsTE6lXSSJ0w==, figureFileBig=I38rm4z/Rqw17FVp3jQkPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880502102409959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of three medicinal fungi on the transcriptomic profile of human lung cancer A549 cells, figureFileSmall=Qn1anThZQniRXSK025W56g==, figureFileBig=48Iksl28//oYym1cTKOdFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880502345679593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=CN, label=图3, caption=三种药用真菌对人肺癌细胞A549转录组的影响

注:A:样本主成分分析;B:DEGs的共有情况;C:样本相关性热图;D:DEGs分布情况;E:KEGG富集情况。

, figureFileSmall=Qn1anThZQniRXSK025W56g==, figureFileBig=48Iksl28//oYym1cTKOdFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880502408594153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the effects of three medicinal fungi on the IL-17 signaling pathway, figureFileSmall=+ZtoqzYSqjSBCCA5LLYUSw==, figureFileBig=Zd5/JIybSApdhNiQ0WAsPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880502718972651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=CN, label=图4, caption=三种药用真菌影响IL-17信号通路的转录组测序分析

注:A:DEGs表达量热图;B:IL-17信号通路下游细胞因子表达量热图;C:IL-17信号通路下游细胞因子PPI网络关系;D:转录组基因表达验证;与CK组相比,*表示显著差异,P<0.05;**表示极显著差异,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=+ZtoqzYSqjSBCCA5LLYUSw==, figureFileBig=Zd5/JIybSApdhNiQ0WAsPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880503532667628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of medicinal fungi on the expression levels of MUC5AC and MUC5B in A549 lung cancer cells, figureFileSmall=knDW55b9B5umv3nD2s+OmA==, figureFileBig=FgOIfLQ9apEaC+/aFx8xJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880503662691053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=CN, label=图5, caption=药用真菌对肺癌细胞A549 MUC5AC和MUC5B表达量的影响

注:A:免疫细胞化学染色(10×20,比例尺=100 μm);B:MUC5AC/MUC5B阳性灰度值;C:MUC5AC/ MUC5B抗体封闭对FAE肿瘤抑制率的影响;*表示显著差异,P<0.05;**表示极显著差异,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=knDW55b9B5umv3nD2s+OmA==, figureFileBig=FgOIfLQ9apEaC+/aFx8xJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880503947903726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effects of medicinal fungi on expression of downstream chemokines in the IL-17 signaling pathway, figureFileSmall=I/ee+evnarn1KCICrjkA+A==, figureFileBig=c1a9quQo8+P5niNgm1or8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880504040178415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=CN, label=图6, caption=药用真菌对IL-17信号通路下游趋化因子表达量的影响

注:与CK组相比,**表示极显著差异,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=I/ee+evnarn1KCICrjkA+A==, figureFileBig=c1a9quQo8+P5niNgm1or8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880504161813232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sequences of primers for qRT-PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因名称引物序列(5’→3’)
IL17RAF:TCTCCTGACCTCCTTCCAGA
IL17RAR:CTCCTGGAGATGTAGCCCTG
NFKB1F:GTGGAGCACGACAACATCTC
NFKB1R:TCCAGGCACAACTCCTTCAT
NFKBIAF:TCCTGAGCTCCGAGACTTTC
NFKBIAR:CCAAGGACACCAAAAGCTCC
TRAF6F:AGAGGGTCGCCTTGTAAGAC
TRAF6R:TGCCAGTGTAGAATCCAGGG
RELAF:CTACGACCTGAATGCTGTGC
RELAR:CTGCCAGAGTTTCGGTTCAC
GAPDHF:TCAAGGCTGAGAACGGGAAG
GAPDHR:TGGACTCCACGACGTACTCA
), ArticleFig(id=1320880504237310705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880494162592409, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

qRT-PCR引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因名称引物序列(5’→3’)
IL17RAF:TCTCCTGACCTCCTTCCAGA
IL17RAR:CTCCTGGAGATGTAGCCCTG
NFKB1F:GTGGAGCACGACAACATCTC
NFKB1R:TCCAGGCACAACTCCTTCAT
NFKBIAF:TCCTGAGCTCCGAGACTTTC
NFKBIAR:CCAAGGACACCAAAAGCTCC
TRAF6F:AGAGGGTCGCCTTGTAAGAC
TRAF6R:TGCCAGTGTAGAATCCAGGG
RELAF:CTACGACCTGAATGCTGTGC
RELAR:CTGCCAGAGTTTCGGTTCAC
GAPDHF:TCAAGGCTGAGAACGGGAAG
GAPDHR:TGGACTCCACGACGTACTCA
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基于IL-17信号通路探讨药用真菌对非小细胞肺癌肿瘤微环境的影响
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陈俊颖 1 , 张奇 1 , 崔明琦 1 , 王晓倩 1 , 王升厚 2, 3 , 逄洪波 1 , 王泽 1, 2, 3, *
食品工业科技 | 食品营养与健康功效 2026,47(18): 537-545
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食品工业科技 |食品营养与健康功效 2026 , 47 (18) : 537 -545
基于IL-17信号通路探讨药用真菌对非小细胞肺癌肿瘤微环境的影响
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陈俊颖1 , 张奇1, 崔明琦1, 王晓倩1, 王升厚2, 3, 逄洪波1, 王泽1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁沈阳 110034
  • 2辽宁省功能性蛹虫草重点实验室,辽宁沈阳 110034
  • 3沈阳市功能性蛹虫草产业技术研究院,辽宁沈阳 110034
通讯作者:
王泽(1979−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:药用真菌资源研究与开发,E-mail:。
作者简介:

陈俊颖(2001−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:药用真菌资源研究与开发,E-mail:

Effects of Medicinal Fungi on the Tumor Microenvironment in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer through the IL-17 Signaling Pathway
Junying CHEN1 , Qi ZHANG1, Mingqi CUI1, Xiaoqian WANG1, Shenghou WANG2, 3, Hongbo PANG1, Ze WANG1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
  • 2Liaoning Key Laboratory of Functional Cordyceps Militaris, Shenyang 110034, China
  • 3Industrial Technology Research Academy for Cordyceps Militaris with Functional Value of Shenyang, Shenyang 110034, China
出版时间: 2026-09-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090299
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目的:从肿瘤微环境的角度,探讨灵芝、暴马丁香桑黄和蛹虫草的抗肿瘤新机制。方法:采用水浴浸提结合真空冷冻干燥技术制备灵芝(RL)、暴马丁香桑黄(BJ)和蛹虫草(XG)的水提物(FAE),通过MTT法和Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测FAE及各药用真菌条件培养基(CM)对非小细胞肺癌细胞A549增殖活性的影响。以4 mg/mL FAE处理细胞后,转录组测序并结合KEGG通路富集分析IL-17信号通路对各FAE的响应特征;采用免疫细胞化学染色、抗体封闭实验及ELISA实验进一步检测各FAE对黏蛋白MUC5AC和MUC5B,趋化因子IL6、CCL2、CCL20、CXCL8和CXCL10表达量的影响。结果:FAE和CM均可抑制A549细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡。转录组测序结果显示,RL组与BJ组以上调基因为主,XG组以下调基因为主,且均在肿瘤微环境形成相关信号通路存在显著富集;各组IL-17信号通路(ko04657)下游关键效应分子表达水平存在显著性改变(P<0.05)。三种FAE均可显著抑制肺癌细胞的MUC5B的表达(P<0.01),但BJ处理对MUC5AC的表达无显著影响(P>0.05)。MUC5AC抗体封闭显著削弱RL和XG对细胞增殖的抑制作用(P<0.05),MUC5B抗体封闭后,RL组和BJ组对细胞增殖的抑制作用显著下降(P<0.05)。此外,三种FAE对细胞因子IL6、CCL2、CCL20和CXCL8的分泌水平具有显著抑制的作用(P<0.01)。结论:灵芝、暴马丁香桑黄与蛹虫草均可通过重塑肿瘤微环境,协同发挥抗肿瘤作用,这为其开发为辅助肿瘤治疗的功能性食品提供了新理论支撑。

药用真菌  /  非小细胞肺癌细胞  /  肿瘤微环境  /  IL-17信号通路  /  细胞因子

Objective: From the perspective of the tumor microenvironment, this study explored the anti-tumor mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus linteus, and Cordyceps militaris. Methods: Aqueous extracts (FAEs) of Ganoderma lucidum (RL), Phellinus linteus (BJ), and Cordyceps militaris (XG) were prepared via water bath extraction and vacuum freeze-drying. The effects of the FAEs and their conditioned media (CM) on the proliferative activity of A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells were determined using the MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on cells treated with 4 mg/mL FAE, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was used to identify the response characteristics of the IL-17 signaling pathway to each extract. Additionally, immunocytochemical staining, antibody blocking assays, and ELISA were used to detect the effects of the FAEs on the expression levels of the mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B and the chemokines IL-6, CCL2, CCL20, CXCL8, and CXCL10. Results: The three FAEs and CM inhibited the proliferation of the A549 cells and induced their apoptosis. Transcriptome analysis results revealed that upregulated genes were predominant in the RL and BJ groups, whereas downregulated genes were predominant in the XG group. All groups showed significant enrichment in signaling pathways related to tumor microenvironment formation. Additionally, significant alterations were observed in the expression levels of key effector molecules downstream of the IL-17 signaling pathway (ko04657) in all groups. All three FAEs significantly inhibited MUC5B expression (P<0.01). However, BJ treatment did not significantly affect MUC5AC expression (P>0.05). MUC5AC antibody blocking weakened the inhibitory effects of RL and XG on cell proliferation (P<0.05), whereas MUC5B antibody blocking significantly reduced the anti-proliferative effects of RL and BJ on the cells (P<0.05). Furthermore, all three FAEs significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-6, CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL8 (P<0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus linteus, and Cordyceps militaris can all remodel the tumor microenvironment to synergistically exert anti-tumor effects. This provides a new theoretical basis for their development as functional foods for adjuvant cancer therapy.

medicinal fungi  /  non-small cell lung cancer  /  tumor microenvironment  /  IL-17 signaling pathway  /  cytokine
陈俊颖, 张奇, 崔明琦, 王晓倩, 王升厚, 逄洪波, 王泽. 基于IL-17信号通路探讨药用真菌对非小细胞肺癌肿瘤微环境的影响. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (18) : 537 -545 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090299
Junying CHEN, Qi ZHANG, Mingqi CUI, Xiaoqian WANG, Shenghou WANG, Hongbo PANG, Ze WANG. Effects of Medicinal Fungi on the Tumor Microenvironment in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer through the IL-17 Signaling Pathway[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (18) : 537 -545 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090299
肺癌是全球发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,约占所有癌症相关死亡的20%以上。而非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)作为最常见的类型,在所有肺癌病例中占比超85%[1]。值得关注的是,肿瘤的发生、发展及转移过程高度依赖于其周围的特定环境,即肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)。TME是一个由肿瘤细胞及其周围多种细胞(包括成纤维细胞、免疫细胞、内皮细胞等)共同组成复杂的异质系统,同时还包含了大量细胞因子和细胞外基质等非细胞组成[2]。TME以肿瘤组织为核心,通过动态调控免疫逃逸、炎症反应、血管生成及细胞代谢等关键生物学过程,在肿瘤的发生与发展中发挥核心作用[3]。因此,无论是常规的药物治疗、靶向治疗还是免疫治疗,都需要克服TME的屏障作用才能达到预期的抗肿瘤效果。
细胞因子通过协调免疫细胞功能、介导细胞间通信、重塑基质结构以及调控代谢平衡,在TME中发挥核心调控作用,从而深刻影响肿瘤的进展、转移及治疗应答进程。研究表明,IL-17信号通路是临床联合治疗策略中极具应用前景的干预靶点,它是一个通过JAK-STAT通路传递信号的经典细胞因子通路,其下游效应分子多为构成TME的重要组分,能够迅速调节免疫细胞浸润、炎症因子分泌以及肿瘤血管生成等多个关键生物学过程[4]。研究显示,IL-17E与其受体结合后激活TRADD介导的细胞凋亡通路[5],IL-17A/F则能激活靶细胞的NF-κB和MAPK信号通路,促进靶细胞分泌趋化因子(如CXCL2、CXCL5、CXCL10及CCL7)、细胞因子(如G-CSF、GM-CSF)、分泌型黏蛋白MUC5以及基质金属蛋白酶(如MMP1、MMP3)[6]。在Lewis肺癌小鼠模型中,使用IL-17A中和抗体进行治疗可抑制模型小鼠肺部肿瘤的生长[7]。同时,NSCLC患者外周血中IL-17水平显著上调(P<0.05),IL-17水平的上调与患者不良预后密切相关[8]。以上提示,IL-17信号通路可能成为基于TME开展肺癌治疗的关键调控靶点。
灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum)、暴马丁香桑黄(Phellinus linteus)和蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)是国内具有规模化培育工艺的三大主要药用真菌,作为膳食补充剂具有悠久的食用历史和坚实的科学基础[9−11]。近年来,这三种药用真菌凭借其丰富的生物活性成分、较低的食用毒副作用以及多靶点调控潜力的特性,已成为抗肿瘤功能性食品研发的重要真菌资源。灵芝提取物可通过增强TME中的自然杀伤细胞和CD8+ T细胞亚群的活性,从而增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫反应[12]。桑黄多糖能够诱导小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7特定表达TIMP-1功能蛋白,抑制TME中的肿瘤侵袭和血管生成,继而调控肿瘤的生长与转移[13]。桑黄多糖还能通过增强细胞免疫功能,抑制S180和H22荷瘤小鼠体内肉瘤生长[14]。虫草素亦能够抑制结肠癌的肿瘤发展,其作用机制与调控TME中的免疫细胞相关,包括促进NK细胞、M1型巨噬细胞、CD4+ T细胞及CD8+ T细胞的活性上调,从而抑制小鼠皮下移植瘤模型中结肠癌的生长[15]。本课题组前期研究表明,蛹虫草主要通过Caspase非依赖性线粒体凋亡途径抑制人胃癌细胞BGC-823的生长活性[16]。此外,它还通过促进miR-125b-1-3p、miR-125b-5p和miR-145-5p的表达,靶向调控表皮生长因子受体,进而抑制肺癌A549细胞的增殖[17];同时也可以通过诱导肿瘤细胞衰老的方式发挥抗肿瘤活性[18],然而,关于上述药用真菌能否通过改变TME的细胞因子组成进而发挥抗肿瘤作用,尚缺乏详实的研究。因此,本研究以IL-17信号通路为切入点,以非小细胞肺癌A549细胞为模型,探讨灵芝、暴马丁香桑黄和蛹虫草对肿瘤微环境的影响机制,为其开发肿瘤辅助治疗相关的功能性食品进一步提供理论依据。
人肺癌细胞株A549、Human IL6、CCL2、CCL20、CXCL8、CXCL10 ELISA试剂盒、兔抗人MUC5B多克隆抗体、兔抗人MUC5AC、SABC免疫组化染色试剂盒 武汉博士德生物工程有限公司;药用真菌灵芝(RL)、暴马丁香桑黄(BJ)、蛹虫草(XG)子实体 辽宁省功能性蛹虫草重点实验室栽培提供;DMEM培养基 美国Hyclone公司;胎牛血清 浙江天杭生物科技股份有限公司;DMSO 西格玛奥德里奇(上海)贸易有限公司;RNAiso Plus 日本Takara公司;GoScript™ Reverse Transcription System、GoTaq® qPCR Master Mix 普洛麦格(北京)生物技术有限公司;苏木素染液 北京鼎国昌盛生物技术有限责任公司;TRIzol 美国Invitrogen生物技术公司;Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit 南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司;引物序列由北京鼎国昌盛合成(见表1)。
JTY-2电热恒温鼓风培养箱 上海龙联科仪器有限责任公司;JF-200高速粉碎机 奥特莱斯(北京)商业管理有限公司;SCIENTZ-10nd超低温冷冻干燥机 宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司;JC-6000超净工作台 上海博迅医疗生物仪器股份有限公司;HH.CP-7 CO2细胞恒温培养箱 德国Heraeus公司;5424-R高速冷冻离心机 德国Eppendorf公司;QuantShudio™ 3实时荧光定量PCR仪 美国Applied Biosystems公司;N50 Touch超微量紫外分光光度计 德国Implen公司;Infinite F50酶标仪 瑞士Tecan公司;ICX41倒置生物/荧光显微镜 宁波舜宇光学科技(集团)有限公司;BD CantoⅡ流式细胞分析仪 美国BD公司。
灵芝(RL)、暴马丁香桑黄(BJ)及蛹虫草(XG)子实体60 ℃烘干至恒重,机械粉碎后过80目筛网,将干粉置于85 ℃水浴浸提3.5 h,4000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液,真空冷冻干燥过夜,获得各药用真菌水提物的冻干粉[16]。使用DMEM完全培养基(10%胎牛血清)制备药用真菌水提物的工作液(fungal aqueous extract,FAE),0.22 μm过滤除菌,4 ℃密封保存。
A549细胞以5×103个/孔的密度接种于96孔板,常规培养8 h。设置实验组(RL组、BJ组、XG组,以下合称FAE组),分别加入FAE(0.1、0.2、0.5、1、2、4、6、8或10 mg/mL),200 μL/孔,对照组(CK组)加入DMEM完全培养基200 μL/孔。处理24 h后,加入5 mg/mL MTT溶液20 μL/孔,37 ℃孵育4 h。弃上清,加入DMSO 150 μL/孔,室温振荡,检测各孔OD492 nm值,根据以下公式计算各FAE对A549细胞生长的抑制率,参考各组IC50数值,获得后续实验的最佳处理浓度。
$ \mathrm{抑制率(\text{%})=(OD}_{ \mathrm{对照组}} -\mathrm{OD}_{ \mathrm{实验组}} \mathrm{)/(OD}_{ \mathrm{对照组}} -\mathrm{OD}_{ \mathrm{空白组}} \mathrm{)\times 100} $
以4 mg/mL FAE处理A549细胞24 h后,DMEM基础培养基换液,继续培养24 h,取上清液,4 ℃,4000 r/min离心10 min,获得各药用真菌的条件培养基(conditioned medium,CM)。将A549细胞以5×103个/孔密度接种于96孔板,常规培养8 h。设置实验组(CM组)与对照组(CK-CM组),CM组分别加入上述各药物真菌的CM,200 μL/孔,CK-CM组加入等量DMEM基础培养基,常规培养24 h,MTT法检测各组条件培养基对A549细胞生长的抑制率,计算公式同上式。
分别收集各4 mg/mL FAE组、CK组、CM组和CK-CM组细胞,预冷PBS清洗,依次加入500 μL 1×Binding Buffer、5 μL Annexin V-FITC和5 μL PI染液,室温避光孵育10 min。4%多聚甲醛固定10 min,倒置荧光显微镜下观察并采集图像,ImageJ软件计算各组随机10个视野的平均荧光强度。
A549细胞以3×105个/孔的密度接种于6孔板,常规培养8 h。实验组(FAE组)以4 mg/mL各FAE换液,2 mL/孔,对照组(CK组)为完全培养基,处理24 h后收集细胞,委托广州基迪奥生物科技有限公司进行文库构建和高通量转录组测序分析。以P<0.05且|log2fold-change|>1为筛选标准,筛选差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),并通过KEGG数据库(https://www.kegg.jp/)对筛选出的DEGs进行信号通路富集分析,获得并分析各组在IL-17信号通路(ko04657)上相关基因的表达变化特征。
随机选取IL-17信号通路上的差异表达基因进行检测,以验证转录组测序结果的可靠性,主要包括:IL17RA、NFKB1、RELA、TRAF6、NFKBIA,以GAPDH为内参基因。根据试剂盒要求,分别提取4 mg/mL FAE组和CK组细胞的总mRNA。然后将提取的RNA逆转录合成cDNA,逆转录反应体系(20 μL):2×mRNA RT Mix 10 μL,mRNA Enzyme Mix 1.5 μL,总RNA 4 μg,补充RNase-free水至20 μL。逆转录反应程序:37 ℃ 60 min;85 ℃ 5 min。获得的cDNA产物于−20 ℃保存。随后进行qPCR反应,qPCR反应体系(20 μL):SYBR Green Master Mix 10 μL,正反向引物各0.4 μmol/L,cDNA模板2 μL,补充RNase-free水至20 μL。qPCR反应程序:95 ℃ 10 min;95 ℃ 15 s,60 ℃ 1 min,40个循环。采用2−∆∆Ct法计算各目标基因的相对表达量。
分别收集4 mg/mL FAE组和CK组细胞,冷丙酮固定10 min,去离子水洗涤3次;3% H2O2室温孵育8 min,PBS洗涤3次;5% BSA 37 ℃孵育30 min;50 μL MUC5AC或MUC5B一抗工作液(1:100稀释)37 ℃孵育2 h,PBS洗涤3次;生物素标记山羊抗兔二抗37 ℃孵育30 min,PBS洗涤3次;SABC复合物37 ℃孵育30 min,PBS洗涤3次;DAB显色液显色2 min后,普通光学显微镜下观察并随机采集10个视野的图像,采用ImageJ软件计算平均灰度值,用来反映蛋白表达水平。
A549细胞以5×103个/孔接种于96孔板,常规培养8 h,设置抗体封闭实验组(Anti-MUC5AC组/ Anti-MUC5B组)、实验组(FAE组)和抗体封闭对照组(Anti-CK组),Anti-MUC5AC组/ Anti-MUC5B组及Anti-CK组分别加入以1:100稀释的Anti-MUC5AC或Anti-MUC5B一抗工作液,常规培养3 h后,Anti-MUC5AC组/Anti-MUC5B组及FAE组分别以4 mg/mL FAE换液,200 μL/孔,Anti-CK组以完全培养基换液,处理培养24 h后;根据1.2.2描述的MTT法,检测各组OD492 nm值并计算抑制率。
分别收集4 mg/mL FAE组和CK组细胞的培养上清液(n=5),加入酶标板100 μL/孔,37 ℃孵育90 min;弃上清液,分别加入IL6、CCL2、CCL20、CXCL8、CXCL10抗体工作液(1:100稀释)100 μL/孔,37 ℃孵育60 min;PBS洗涤3次,加入ABC工作液100 μL/孔,37 ℃孵育30 min;PBS洗涤3次,TMB显色液避光显色,酶标仪检测各孔OD450 nm值。
所有实验均进行3次独立生物学重复,以mean±SD表示。数据统计分析采用SPSS 23.0软件进行单因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)和组间比较分析(Tukey's HSD检验),显著性检验水平α=0.05(*P<0.05,**P<0.01)。通过GraphPad Prism 8和基迪奥生物信息云平台(https://www.omicshare.com/)完成绘图及相关生物信息学分析。
MTT检测结果显示,在0.1~10 mg/mL浓度范围内,灵芝提取物(RL组)与蛹虫草提取物(XG组)均能明显抑制A549细胞的增殖活性,且抑制作用呈剂量依赖性(图1A~图1B)。然而,在0.1~1 mg/mL浓度范围内,暴马丁香桑黄提取物(BJ组)则表现出显著的促增殖效应(P<0.05)(图1C)。其中,XG组的最高抑制率为68.64%,RL组为85.99%,BJ组为65.68%。经线性回归计算,各组IC50值介于2~6 mg/mL之间。Annexin V-FITC/PI双染结果显示,经4 mg/mL FAE处理后,各药用真菌提取物均能诱导A549细胞发生凋亡。三组红色荧光强度均显著高于绿色荧光(P<0.05),提示各提取物诱导的晚期凋亡细胞比例显著高于早期凋亡细胞(图1D~图1E)。因此,后续实验选用4 mg/mL作为各药用真菌提取物的最佳处理浓度。
4 mg/mL各FAE处理A549细胞后,收集其条件培养基(CM),用于检测不同药用真菌处理后A549细胞肿瘤微环境的变化。研究结果(图2)显示,与CK-CM相比,三种真菌的CM均能显著抑制A549细胞的增殖活性(P<0.01)。其中,XG-CM的抑制率最高,为42.56%(P<0.01),而BJ-CM的抑制率最低,为25.00%(P<0.01),均低于4 mg/mL各FAE诱导的抑制率(P<0.05)(图2A)。Annexin V-FITC/PI双染结果显示,RL-CM和XG-CM处理组中,红色荧光信号强度普遍高于绿色荧光信号强度,BJ-CM处理组则相反(P<0.05)(图2B~图2C)。这表明BJ-CM主要诱导A549细胞发生早期凋亡,而RL-CM和XG-CM则主要诱导晚期凋亡,且晚期凋亡细胞比例显著高于早期凋亡。因此,药用真菌处理诱导人肺癌细胞A549形成了具有抗增殖作用的肿瘤微环境。
PCA分析结果显示,各组样本组内重复性良好,且组间距离显著大于组内距离(图3A),表明分组具有明确的生物学意义。基于CK组基因表达量筛选DEGs,RL组DEGs数量最少(671个),而XG组最多(7082个)。三组间存在149个共有DEGs(图3B)。RL组和BJ组在DEGs的表达趋势上更为相近,以上调DEGs为主,而XG组主要为下调DEGs,占比高达84%(图3C~图3D)。KEGG富集分析结果显示,P值最小的前20条通路主要与肿瘤微环境形成密切相关,包括:细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用(Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction)、TNF信号通路(TNF signaling pathway)、TGF-β信号通路(TGF-β signaling pathway)和Hippo信号通路(Hippo signaling pathway)等(图3E)。值得注意的是,三个实验组的DEGs均在IL-17信号通路(ko04657)中表现出显著富集,RL组:P=4.8e-5;BJ组:P=1.4e-4;XG组:P=0.0106。因此,三种药用真菌处理显著影响了人肺癌细胞A549的肿瘤微环境,且IL-17信号通路在其中可能扮演关键调控角色。
如图4A所示,在IL-17信号通路中,XG组筛选到DEGs数量最多(34个),且主要为下调基因;而RL组和BJ组的DEGs则以上调基因为主。IL-17信号通路的下游细胞因子,如MUC5AC、MUC5B、IL6、CCL2、CCL20、CXCL8、CXCL10为肿瘤微环境的重要组成,转录组测序结果显示,三种药用真菌处理后,均可显著改变A549细胞MUC5B、IL6、CCL2、CCL20、CXCL8的表达水平(P<0.05)(图4B)。基于蛋白互作(PPI)网络分析(图4C),黏蛋白MUC5AC与MUC5B之间的互作关联最强;同时,趋化因子IL6、CCL2、CCL20、CXCL8、CXCL10之间也存在紧密的互作关系。推测上述细胞因子可能为药用真菌影响IL-17信号通路形成抗增殖肿瘤微环境的关键因素。
同时,qRT-PCR验证结果显示,IL17RA、TRAF6、NFKB1和NFKBIA在各处理组中表达均显著下调(P<0.05)。RELA在RL组显著上调(P<0.05),在BJ组和XG组显著下调(P<0.01)(图4D)。5个检测基因表达水平的变化趋势与RNA-seq分析结果高度一致,证实了本转录组数据的准确性和可重复性。
MUC5AC和MUC5B隶属于分泌型凝胶形成相关的黏蛋白家族,是高分子量、高度糖基化的蛋白聚合物。免疫细胞化学染色结果显示,RL和XG处理后,A549细胞的MUC5AC表达量显著低于CK组(P<0.01),BJ组无显著性改变(P>0.05),各实验组MUC5B的表达量则受到显著抑制(P<0.01)(图5A~图5B)。抗体封闭实验结果进一步证实,MUC5AC和MUC5B抗体封闭处理可显著抑制A549细胞的增殖能力(P<0.01)。经MUC5AC抗体封闭处理后,RL和XG对A549细胞增殖的抑制作用显著减弱(P<0.05);而BJ的抑制率未见明显变化(P>0.05)(图5C)。这一结果表明,MUC5AC可能介导了RL和XG对A549细胞增殖的抑制效应,但未参与BJ的作用过程。而MUC5B抗体封闭后,RL和BJ对A549细胞增殖的抑制率显著降低(P<0.05),而XG的抑制率出现小幅升高(P<0.05),但升高幅度未达到Anti-CK组的水平(P>0.05),说明蛹虫草的抗肿瘤活性可能部分依赖于MUC5B介导的信号通路。
ELISA检测结果显示,各药用真菌提取物处理后,A549细胞IL6、CCL2、CCL20和CXCL8的分泌量均显著降低(P<0.01),RL和BJ处理可增强A549细胞CXCL10蛋白的分泌水平(P<0.01),XG组CXCL10蛋白的分泌水平无显著变化(P>0.05)(图6)。这表明药用真菌可通过调控这些分泌性细胞因子影响肿瘤微环境的组成。
现代药理学研究证实,蛹虫草、灵芝及桑黄均表现出较为广谱的抗肿瘤活性,已成为抗肿瘤膳食补充剂开发的重要真菌资源。本研究采用非小细胞肺癌A549细胞模型,证实在0.1~10 mg/mL浓度范围内,三种药用真菌均可抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖活性,并诱导形成了具有显著抗肿瘤活性的肿瘤微环境。这一发现提示,肿瘤微环境的重塑可能是上述三种药用真菌发挥抗肿瘤效应的重要作用机制之一。
肿瘤微环境与肿瘤细胞之间存在复杂的相互作用,这种互作关系影响着肿瘤的发生、发展和转移等过程[19]。值得注意的是,IL-17信号通路下游的多种效应分子均被证实是TME的重要组成部分,如趋化因子CXCL2、CXCL5、CXCL10、CCL7[4,20]、细胞因子G-CSF、GM-CSF[21]以及分泌型黏蛋白MUC5等[22]。转录测序分析结果显示,经4 mg/mL药用真菌处理后,各组DEGs均在多个与TME形成密切相关的信号通路出现显著富集,主要包括IL-17、Hippo、TNF和TGF-β等。三种药用真菌处理对MUC5AC、MUC5B、CCL2、CCL20、IL6和CXCL8等关键因子的表达水平产生了显著的影响(P<0.05)。基于这些发现,本研究选取IL-17信号通路作为切入点,深入探究三种药用真菌通过调控TME发挥其抗肿瘤作用的具体机制。
黏蛋白家族(mucins,MUCs)是一类高分子量糖蛋白,已被证实参与构建促癌微环境。这类蛋白通过形成黏液层捕获生长因子和细胞因子,从而干扰免疫系统与肿瘤细胞间的相互作用,最终加速肿瘤的恶性进展[23]。研究显示,MUC5AC和MUC5B在正常组织中几乎不表达,但在多种肿瘤组织中呈现显著高表达的特点[24]。MUC5AC上调可诱导结直肠癌对5-氟尿嘧啶产生耐药性[25];在肺腺癌中,MUC5AC和MUC5B的高表达与肿瘤异质性增加及不良预后密切相关[26−27];此外,MUC5B的异常表达还被证实可促进肿瘤侵袭,其机制涉及化疗耐药和抗肿瘤免疫应答受损[28]。本研究的转录测序结果显示,三种药用真菌处理在不同程度上调了MUC5AC和MUC5B的mRNA表达,但抗体封闭实验结果显示,MUC5AC和MUC5B的抗体封闭处理会不同程度减弱蛹虫草和灵芝的抗肿瘤效应,直接证实了这两种黏蛋白在促进肺癌细胞增殖中起到关键调控作用。同时,各组MUC5B的表达水平呈现显著下调(P<0.01),且蛹虫草和灵芝处理也使得MUC5AC的表达量下调(P<0.01),提示上述两种药用真菌可能通过调控MUC5AC/MUC5B介导的信号通路网络来发挥其抗肿瘤作用,但暴马丁香桑黄的抗肿瘤作用与MUC5B的相关性更高。
已有大量研究表明,细胞因子在肿瘤恶性进展中发挥关键作用,CCL2可通过促进肿瘤转移、侵袭及免疫逃逸,继而促进癌症的发展进程[29],在炎性乳腺癌模型中,CCL2基因敲除可显著抑制肿瘤生长和肺转移[30];CCL20在三阴性乳腺癌异种移植模型中表现出促增殖和促侵袭特性[31];CXCL8作为多效性细胞因子,参与调控乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和黑色素瘤等多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展过程[32];而IL-6则可以通过促进肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭转移及抑制凋亡等机制参与肿瘤微环境调控[33−34]。经三种药用真菌处理后,A549细胞培养上清中IL-6、CCL2、CCL20和CXCL8等细胞因子的分泌水平均出现显著下调(P<0.01)。因此,三种药用真菌可能通过抑制IL-17信号通路的下游效应因子的表达,从而重塑肿瘤微环境,使人肺癌细胞的肿瘤微环境转变为抑癌表型,进而负反馈实现对A549细胞增殖的抑制作用。
综上,本研究基于生物信息学分析与实验验证相结合的研究策略,不仅证实IL-17通路是灵芝、暴马丁香桑黄和蛹虫草三种药用真菌的抗癌作用靶点,更进一步揭示了其诱导形成抑癌特性肿瘤微环境的生物学功能,将对药用真菌抗肿瘤作用机制的认识从传统直接细胞毒性作用拓展至对肿瘤生态微环境的间接调控,深化了对药用真菌多靶点、系统性作用机制的理解,为上述药用真菌开发成抗肿瘤功能性食品奠定了坚实的理论基础。此外,本研究尚存在一些待解决的问题,如本研究采用的是真菌复合水提取物,靶向调控IL-17通路关键小分子的分离和鉴定是后续研究的主要内容;同时需要在更复杂的动物模型中进行深入验证,以推动其向功能性产品的精准应用转化。

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2026年第47卷第18期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090299
  • 接收时间:2025-09-25
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-09-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-25
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    1沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁沈阳 110034
    2辽宁省功能性蛹虫草重点实验室,辽宁沈阳 110034
    3沈阳市功能性蛹虫草产业技术研究院,辽宁沈阳 110034

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王泽(1979−),女,博士,副教授,研究方向:药用真菌资源研究与开发,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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属数
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genus
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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