Article(id=1320880395785191437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090178, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1757952000000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-16, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792852027125, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1789401600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792852027125, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792852027125, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792852027125, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320880262012056083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='18', pageStart='1', pageEnd='613', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789401600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792851995232, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921655980, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=360, endPage=369, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320880396175261710, articleId=1320880395785191437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Dynamic Changes in Aroma Components of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa Black Tea during Processing, columnId=1320880262846722580, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Modern Analysis and Intelligent Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to investigate the key aroma compounds of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea and their formation mechanism during processing, this study utilized headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) to systematically analyze the volatiles in fresh leaves (XY), shaking (YQ), withering (WD), rolling (RN), fermentation (FJ), initial drying (CH), and finished product (CP). Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) with permutation tests were performed. Key aroma compounds were identified using relative odor activity value (rOAV) and aroma character impact (ACI). Results revealed that during the processing, 107 volatile compounds were identified in the tea samples of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea primarily comprising alcohols, esters, and alkenes. During the whole processing process, the relative content of alcohols, esters and others showed a fluctuating downward trend. The relative content of aldehydes, ketones and olefins showed a fluctuating upward trend. The PCA and OPLS-DA models based on the relative content of aroma substances could effectively distinguish different processing samples. Further screening, with VIP>1, rOAV>1 and ACI>1% as the conditions determined that linalool, methyl salicylate, geraniol, hexyl hexanoate, trans-nerolidol and other five components together constituted the aroma quality of the sweet type of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea. The relative content of linalool, geraniol, and hexyl hexanoate showed an initial increase followed by a decline, peaking during the rolling stage at 382.74, 123.32, and 35.43 mg/L respectively. The relative content of trans-nerolidol showed a fluctuating upward trend, increasing by 22.60%. The relative content of methyl salicylate showed a fluctuating decrease, peaking at 252.95 mg/L during the rolling stage. The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for the analysis of the aroma quality of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea.

, authors=Juan LUO1, 2, 3, 4, Yu SHEN1, 2, 3, Lizheng XIAO1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=Juan LUO, Yu SHEN, Lizheng XIAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lizheng XIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320880399551676437, articleId=1320880395785191437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=城步峒茶红茶加工过程中香气物质的动态变化, columnId=1320880262997717526, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=现代分析与智能检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究城步峒茶红茶的关键香气物质和在加工过程中的形成规律。本研究采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(Headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS),系统分析了鲜叶(XY)、摇青(YQ)、萎凋(WD)、揉捻(RN)、发酵(FJ)、初烘(CH)和成品(CP)七个加工过程样的挥发性物质变化。并进行了主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)与正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis,OPLS-DA)及其置换检验,最后通过相对香气活度值(relative odor activity value,rOAV)、香气特征影响(Aroma character impact,ACI)筛选出关键香气成分。结果表明,城步峒茶红茶加工过程中的茶样共鉴定出107种挥发性物质,以醇类、酯类、烯烃类为主,整个加工过程中,醇类、酯类、其他类物质的相对含量总体呈波动下降趋势;醛类、酮类、烯烃类物质的相对含量则呈现波动上升的趋势,基于香气物质的相对含量建立的PCA和OPLS-DA模型可有效区分不同加工过程的茶样;进一步以VIP>1、rOAV>1且ACI>1%为筛选条件,确定芳樟醇、水杨酸甲酯、香叶醇、己酸己酯、反式-橙花叔醇五种物质共同构成了城步峒茶红茶花果甜香型的香气品质。芳樟醇、香叶醇、己酸己酯的相对含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,于揉捻阶段达到最高,分别为382.74、123.32和35.43 mg/L,反式-橙花叔醇其相对含量呈现波动增加的趋势,增幅为22.60%,水杨酸甲酯相对含量呈现波动下降的趋势,揉捻阶段含量达到最高点,为252.95 mg/L。本研究结果可为城步峒茶红茶香气品质解析提供一定理论参考依据。

, authors=罗娟1, 2, 3, 4, 沈瑜1, 2, 3, 肖力争1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=罗娟, 沈瑜, 肖力争, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=肖力争, authorNote=

罗娟(1999−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:茶叶加工理论与新技术,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
肖力争(1963−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:茶叶加工理论与新技术,E-mail:。
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of volatile components during the processing of black tea, figureFileSmall=DfGga/dil1nTegTj7O8gUA==, figureFileBig=RaJ0TS41WiTOvgSeSKjgTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880408489738312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880395785191437, language=CN, label=图3, caption=红茶加工过程中挥发性物质OPLS-DA(a)、验证模型分析(b)和VIP得分图(c), figureFileSmall=DfGga/dil1nTegTj7O8gUA==, figureFileBig=RaJ0TS41WiTOvgSeSKjgTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880408561041481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880395785191437, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Dynamic changes of volatile compounds during the processing of black tea

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别名称保留指数保留时间(min)相对含量(mg/L)
XYYQWDRNFJCHCP
醇类反式-3-己烯-1-醇6729.14210.44±0.00b15.60±1.67a10.88±0.73b−−5.53±0.00c−
反式-2-己烯-1-醇6869.656−−−15.65±8.24a10.60±4.05a−−
苯甲醇76917.6995.85±1.38c8.97±1.00c10.283±2.35bc14.79±2.48ab20.11±2.21a17.30±6.16a9.64±2.04bc
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅰ100619.62547.06±5.53b61.56±8.77a46.39±2.46b60.90±4.39a59.62±7.10a32.76±6.32c24.45±3.88c
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ102520.46187.86±9.10b118.65±16.36a90.17±6.24b115.09±6.75a114.33±9.10a66.19±15.38c49.41±6.39c
芳樟醇104121.198274.66±32.33b376.95±47.25a317.95±55.46ab382.74±66.60a262.42±49.34b133.44±16.86c76.67±8.94c
脱氢芳樟醇104321.30819.41±1.82b18.18±2.02b18.75±0.24b28.33±0.51a28.29±0.47a30.67±10.01a29.40±3.61a
3,4-二甲基环己醇84421.355−−19.09±0.00−−−−
苯乙醇85321.76813.22±1.15b17.91±2.51b18.79±1.79b31.08±3.04a34.17±4.37a29.69±10.34a16.47±3.68b
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅳ101124.6867.74±1.05c11.47±2.30c13.71±3.97bc19.35±1.93ab22.40±0.85a19.52±6.92ab13.92±2.92bc
2,2,6-三甲基-6-乙烯基四氢-2H-呋喃-3-醇101624.90812.64±0.58d18.57±4.66d16.54±1.84d35.74±4.75bc50.06±0.59a46.47±16.17ab32.94±7.03c
2,6-二甲基-3,7-辛二烯)-2,6-二醇103225.60312.12±1.26b11.93±4.91b11.88±1.16b22.82±7.89a25.32±0.12a27.83±4.00a−
α-松油醇104025.9922.84±0.31ab0.85±0.00c3.20±0.50ab3.09±2.00ab4.04±0.77a2.93±0.38ab1.75±0.07bc
熏衣草醇106026.917−−−2.00±0.32--−−
橙花醇106827.3022.52±0.04c3.78±0.63b4.18±0.45b7.53±0.57a6.40±1.05a3.96±1.15b1.86±0.26c
异香叶醇108328.0384.96±2.06b−5.51±1.06b8.00±0.93a−−−
香叶醇69228.5333.66±2.99e54.92±9.76d50.91±8.43de123.32±7.67a102.05±12.31b73.61±17.79c37.22±2.91de
橙花醇氧化物109928.8463.14±1.04ab3.93±1.80a1.68±0.65bc1.42±0.67bc4.15±0.78a3.13±0.89ab−
小蠹二烯醇101329.4718.96±0.77b−−16.23±1.12a−−−
2-(4-亚甲基环己基)丙-2-烯-1-醇103330.3365.66±1.54a6.23±1.05a5.78±0.53a5.89±1.26a−−−
二氢月桂烯醇87232.1041.51±0.44−−−−−−
4,8-二甲基-1,7-壬二烯-4-醇102934.5798.56±0.73c8.40±0.53c10.00±4.17bc14.85±4.39abc15.90±0.08ab17.57±7.64a10.58±2.03abc
反式-橙花叔醇150642.12933.50±6.71d65.13±7.88ab50.06±5.51bcd70.63±11.76a54.99±2.39abc66.98±18.15ab41.07±7.37cd
依兰油-4,10(14)-二烯-1β-醇143743.6691.04±0.23a1.45±0.27a1.58±0.37a−−1.42±0.55a−
1,10-双-表-荜澄茄油烯醇143843.7121.10±0.26b1.55±0.11a1.10±0.09b−−−−
epi-α荜澄茄醇114443.9833.60±0.65c4.64±1.06ab5.22±1.45ab3.49±0.52c3.63±0.21c5.99±2.08a4.17±0.92ab
α荜澄茄醇154444.0232.66±0.46a5.89±1.76a4.68±2.38a4.75±3.22a4.69±0.09a6.18±1.81a3.90±0.84a
α-epi-依兰油醇154944.2467.97±1.72b9.57±1.24ab9.42±1.62ab6.16±2.98b7.68±0.09b13.79±4.69a7.86±2.63b
四氢熏衣草醇156945.2820.70±0.19c0.96±0.12b0.47±0.00d0.61±0.00cd−0.44±0.12d1.38±0.00a
叶绿醇201947.6160.80±0.43b0.71±0.00bc0.40±0.00bc−−1.86±0.55a1.68±0.72a
香叶基芳樟醇205649.0490.41±0.00−−−−−−
植物醇203051.9321.37±0.85bcd0.58±0.00d0.91±0.00cd3.43±2.23abc−4.16±2.63a3.63±1.29ab
醛类反式-2-己烯醛6689.02515.93±4.49a−−17.75±2.58a14.17±3.32a4.99±0b−
苯甲醛79314.1935.97±1.19d9.43±0.74c11.78±2.54c15.63±0.34b23.12±0.86a16.78±3.72b10.15±0.73c
2-苯基乙醛88118.31−−−14.06±0.83a16.45±1.27a13.36±4.38a8.20±1.35b
反式-2-壬烯醛99724.0720.85±0.00d1.80±0.00bc1.68±0bc3.09±0.92a2.18±0.94ab1.70±0.66bc1.94±0.60bc
癸醛104926.3991.86±0.55a2.10±1.63a1.56±0.16a2.29±0.70a1.88±0.47a2.05±0.07a1.28±0.24a
2,4-二甲基苯甲醛98228.0252.28±0.00c2.44±1.76c4.52±0.58bc3.19±0.88c2.43±0.14c7.50±2.38a6.08±0.38ab
2-乙基丁醛68528.163−−−8.26±0.00a7.20±0.34b5.55±1.25c2.27±0.50d
(9E)-9-十八烯醛185335.597−−−−2.14±0.10−−
酯类己酸乙酯82815.7331.10±0.00b6.36±0.44a6.74±1.31a7.89±2.69a−−−
乙酸叶醇酯83616.1015.95±2.28a6.37±0.37a−−−−−
(E)-3-己烯基丁酸酯102625.3656.39±0.74bc11.27±1.38a10.90±2.04a12.81±2.16a8.17±1.78b3.75±1.52cd1.68±0.42d
丁酸己酯103325.668−2.29±0.06b4.86±1.39a5.15±0.00a−−−
水杨酸甲酯83925.932166.32±6.56d226.76±25.86ab179.88±7.50cd252.95±27.97a203.74±15.17bc113.81±30.69e61.06±8.30f
二甲基丁酸叶醇酯117327.5412.14±0.28d8.67±1.28b9.31±1.64b13.40±2.85a7.93±0.74b5.33±1.32c2.48±0.37d
戊酸叶醇酯117827.7951.32±0.10−−−−−−
异戊酸反-2-己烯基酯117827.83−−−−−−3.70±0.41
乙酸苯乙酯109728.742−−2.12±0.05−−−−
(Z)-3-己烯-1-基当归酸酯116831.9−1.39±0.15d2.05±0.14c2.96±0.29a2.46±0.47b−−
(Z)-己酸-3-己烯酯123534.85516.97±0.05c37.30±2.70b43.98±4.90b68.45±10.62a42.23±9.79b35.79±8.78b20.15±2.06c
Z,Z-3-己烯酸-3-己烯酯124035.0592.28±0.22b3.07±0.01a3.64±0.35a3.64±0.99a−−−
己酸己酯124335.1661.96±0.20e11.28±0.82d18.99±1.74bc35.43±5.46a23.27±4.60b22.83±6.74b13.23±1.57cd
N-己酸(反-2-己烯基)酯124735.3345.78±0.00d25.45±2.02bc31.87±3.09b54.99±7.92a33.50±6.45b30.41±7.75b17.36±1.97c
丁酸苯乙酯121538.272−1.04±0.25c1.62±0.62bc1.66±0.07bc1.98±0.91b4.21±0.06a1.99±0.43b
苯甲酸己酯131542.5860.93±0.21d3.01±0.48c5.47±0.91a5.09±0.76ab3.67±0.04bc4.84±1.53ab3.08±0.57c
(E)-2-己烯基苯甲酸酯131942.7540.45±0.01c3.39±1.22b4.52±1.47b6.94±1.24a4.57±0.63b5.02±1.87ab3.26±0.67b
月桂酸乙酯142042.8172.50±0.61a2.26±0.57a1.81±0.61a−−−−
山嵛酸乙酯242042.825−−−−−1.61±0.19a1.52±0.68a
茉莉酸甲酯134243.8852.28±0.78b3.53±0.48b3.98±1.22b4.09±0.00b3.46±0.29b7.15±2.74a4.58±1.16b
(Z)-2-羟基-苯甲酸-3-己烯酯135244.4041.14±0.32c3.02±0.67b3.46±0.54ab3.40±0.53ab2.88±0.04b4.42±1.28a2.51±0.37b
肉豆蔻酸甲酯156845.224−−−0.51±0.07a−0.58±0.13a0.86±0.67a
肉豆蔻酸乙酯168846.262.01±0.59a1.67±0.53a1.38±0.55a0.63±0.00b−0.67±0.00b−
硬脂酸乙酯208846.267−−−−−0.62±0.15b0.80±0.19a
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯161347.3670.84±0.21a0.77±0.33a0.77±0.35a−−0.84±0.28a0.96±0.13a
棕榈酸甲酯173848.3450.33±0.00c2.24±0.46bc3.37±1.09b4.41±0.78b4.50±0.07b9.29±3.64a7.47±1.69a
棕榈酸乙酯186949.55511.84±3.42a10.82±2.81a7.86±3.89ab1.83±0.35c1.97±0.51c6.10±2.90bc4.79±1.50bc
亚油酸甲酯172251.627−−−0.97±0.28b−1.33±0.31a1.06±0.26ab
(8E,11E,14E)-8,11,14-二十碳三烯酸甲酯232551.743−−−1.04±0.34b−1.97±0.82a1.53±0.30ab
亚油酸乙酯205352.8212.25±0.35a1.83±0.70ab1.10±0.47bc−−0.97±0.73bc0.82±0.59cd
亚麻酸乙酯205652.9312.90±1.05a2.56±0.86a1.97±0.90ab−−1.59±0.73ab1.15±0.50bc
酮类香叶基丙酮132238.5573.50±0.48ab4.62±0.91a5.11±0.87a5.11±0.51a4.38±0.79a3.97±1.43ab2.78±0.27b
β-紫罗酮135239.8013.24±0.47d4.51±0.61c5.19±0.47bc5.94±0.76ab7.12±0.29a6.23±0.95ab4.17±0.74cd
茉莉内酯106140.1431.71±0.00c−6.42±0.00ab5.55±1.24b5.47±0.36b7.56±1.89a4.76±0.98b
植酮180447.0280.92±0.14b1.35±0.46ab1.19±0.68ab0.61±0.02bc−1.73±0.55a1.14±0.22ab
烯烃4-甲基-1-己烯7869.658−20.12±4.60a10.70±3.46c15.98±0.00b−−−
月桂烯102315.538−5.39±0.00b−5.28±0.84b6.02±0.00a−−
罗勒烯108018.2846.92±0.95a7.89±2.83a−−−−−
(E)-β-罗勒烯108118.329−−8.30±1.20−−−−
(Z)-1-乙氧基-4-甲基-2-戊烯87927.835−8.57±1.24b9.42±2.42b14.02±4.41a8.55±2.28b7.28±1.05b−
异香茅烯105335.599−−−3.57±0.36−−−
β-石竹烯159737.57.73±1.03bc11.53±1.58a11.52±1.98a10.99±1.78a7.57±1.61bc9.21±1.35ab6.20±0.75c
γ-榄香烯150537.866−3.09±0.55b3.06±0.66b5.30±1.18a−2.57±1.03b2.10±0.98b
大根香叶烯150537.868−−−−4.04±1.16−−
β-可帕烯150837.960.88±0.09e1.83±0.01b1.88±0.00b3.20±0.00a1.27±0.00d−1.38±0.00c
(E)-β-金合欢烯152838.7671.70±0.11bc2.24±0.45abc2.12±0.23abc2.83±0.25ab2.20±1.50abc3.11±0.41a1.59±0.05c
(R)-γ-杜松烯155139.7332.64±1.93b4.56±0.56a4.67±0.65a3.36±0.15ab3.29±0.00ab−2.38±0.00b
(+)-beta-柏木烯155139.7391.36±0.29b2.09±0.00a2.21±0.00a2.07±0.27a−−−
(Z,E)-alpha-法呢烯156040.1382.65±0.01−−−−−−
α-衣兰油烯156940.4993.02±0.40b8.17±0.62a6.06±2.60ab4.01±4.76b2.68±0.57b2.66±1.52b3.21±0.11b
α-法尼烯157140.57914.77±1.76d72.91±4.33a63.50±2.75ab57.44±8.52ab36.52±6.46c74.59±21.97a49.03±7.36bc
δ-杜松烯158241.0778.63±0.79c13.51±1.20ab12.52±1.03b12.96±1.88ab8.54±1.74c15.86±3.59a12.10±1.02b
菖莆烯158541.1912.07±0.86ab2.89±1.15a1.21±1.00b1.20±0.66b1.82±0.24ab2.38±0.28ab1.96±0.51ab
α-杜松烯159441.5970.44±0.11c3.13±0.54a1.77±0.00b0.48±0.00c−0.75±0.00c1.43±0.07b
α-二去氢菖蒲烯159741.7361.98±0.12c2.82±0.25abc2.81±0.82abc2.56±0.29bc2.29±0.70bc3.88±0.83a3.46±0.78ab
(3E,7E)-4,8,12-三甲基十三烷-1,3,7,11-四烯160241.9492.46±0.05bcd3.83±0.82a2.97±0.60ab2.35±0.46bcd1.91±0.33cd2.86±0.79abc1.63±0.26d
1,3-二异丙基-1,3-环戊二烯112242.8921.34±0.06b2.78±0.17ab2.60±0.73ab1.98±0.81ab1.59±0.00b3.16±1.06a2.58±1.45ab
(4E)-1-甲基-4-(6-甲基庚-5-烯-2-亚基)环己烯153143.373−1.82±0.04bc1.81±0.38bc2.20±0.21ab−2.50±0.00ab3.08±1.06a
(-)-α-蒎烯154544.067−−1.46±0.22c8.20±0.00a−4.84±0.00b−
新植二烯210146.9381.35±0.61b−−−−4.25±1.76a3.20±1.00a
其他1,2,4,5-四甲基苯106022.142.15±0.00a1.95±0.45a1.84±0.07ab2.17±0.15a2.16±0.13a1.93±0.42a1.31±0.56b
苯乙腈87823.0192.85±0.75cd6.67±1.18a5.99±0.57ab5.98±0.86ab4.29±1.00bc2.25±1.49d1.84±0.77d
吲哚84130.65915.29±2.11a8.74±1.39b4.32±0.40c3.09±0.56c−−−
香叶酸110033.391−−−3.92±0.00a−3.88±2.62a−
2,4-二叔丁基苯酚147340.6693.34±1.28b4.45±1.92ab3.47±0.13b5.52±0.13a−5.18±0.00a5.40±0.84a
2,5-二叔丁基酚141942.7575.59±0.00a−3.80±0.00b−−4.77±1.63ab−
咖啡因90747.2688.38±3.04c9.88±4.63c8.92±4.82c9.12±1.86c11.27±4.34bc27.68±11.34a20.53±3.38ab
), ArticleFig(id=1320880408665899082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880395785191437, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

红茶加工过程中挥发性化合物动态变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别名称保留指数保留时间(min)相对含量(mg/L)
XYYQWDRNFJCHCP
醇类反式-3-己烯-1-醇6729.14210.44±0.00b15.60±1.67a10.88±0.73b−−5.53±0.00c−
反式-2-己烯-1-醇6869.656−−−15.65±8.24a10.60±4.05a−−
苯甲醇76917.6995.85±1.38c8.97±1.00c10.283±2.35bc14.79±2.48ab20.11±2.21a17.30±6.16a9.64±2.04bc
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅰ100619.62547.06±5.53b61.56±8.77a46.39±2.46b60.90±4.39a59.62±7.10a32.76±6.32c24.45±3.88c
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ102520.46187.86±9.10b118.65±16.36a90.17±6.24b115.09±6.75a114.33±9.10a66.19±15.38c49.41±6.39c
芳樟醇104121.198274.66±32.33b376.95±47.25a317.95±55.46ab382.74±66.60a262.42±49.34b133.44±16.86c76.67±8.94c
脱氢芳樟醇104321.30819.41±1.82b18.18±2.02b18.75±0.24b28.33±0.51a28.29±0.47a30.67±10.01a29.40±3.61a
3,4-二甲基环己醇84421.355−−19.09±0.00−−−−
苯乙醇85321.76813.22±1.15b17.91±2.51b18.79±1.79b31.08±3.04a34.17±4.37a29.69±10.34a16.47±3.68b
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅳ101124.6867.74±1.05c11.47±2.30c13.71±3.97bc19.35±1.93ab22.40±0.85a19.52±6.92ab13.92±2.92bc
2,2,6-三甲基-6-乙烯基四氢-2H-呋喃-3-醇101624.90812.64±0.58d18.57±4.66d16.54±1.84d35.74±4.75bc50.06±0.59a46.47±16.17ab32.94±7.03c
2,6-二甲基-3,7-辛二烯)-2,6-二醇103225.60312.12±1.26b11.93±4.91b11.88±1.16b22.82±7.89a25.32±0.12a27.83±4.00a−
α-松油醇104025.9922.84±0.31ab0.85±0.00c3.20±0.50ab3.09±2.00ab4.04±0.77a2.93±0.38ab1.75±0.07bc
熏衣草醇106026.917−−−2.00±0.32--−−
橙花醇106827.3022.52±0.04c3.78±0.63b4.18±0.45b7.53±0.57a6.40±1.05a3.96±1.15b1.86±0.26c
异香叶醇108328.0384.96±2.06b−5.51±1.06b8.00±0.93a−−−
香叶醇69228.5333.66±2.99e54.92±9.76d50.91±8.43de123.32±7.67a102.05±12.31b73.61±17.79c37.22±2.91de
橙花醇氧化物109928.8463.14±1.04ab3.93±1.80a1.68±0.65bc1.42±0.67bc4.15±0.78a3.13±0.89ab−
小蠹二烯醇101329.4718.96±0.77b−−16.23±1.12a−−−
2-(4-亚甲基环己基)丙-2-烯-1-醇103330.3365.66±1.54a6.23±1.05a5.78±0.53a5.89±1.26a−−−
二氢月桂烯醇87232.1041.51±0.44−−−−−−
4,8-二甲基-1,7-壬二烯-4-醇102934.5798.56±0.73c8.40±0.53c10.00±4.17bc14.85±4.39abc15.90±0.08ab17.57±7.64a10.58±2.03abc
反式-橙花叔醇150642.12933.50±6.71d65.13±7.88ab50.06±5.51bcd70.63±11.76a54.99±2.39abc66.98±18.15ab41.07±7.37cd
依兰油-4,10(14)-二烯-1β-醇143743.6691.04±0.23a1.45±0.27a1.58±0.37a−−1.42±0.55a−
1,10-双-表-荜澄茄油烯醇143843.7121.10±0.26b1.55±0.11a1.10±0.09b−−−−
epi-α荜澄茄醇114443.9833.60±0.65c4.64±1.06ab5.22±1.45ab3.49±0.52c3.63±0.21c5.99±2.08a4.17±0.92ab
α荜澄茄醇154444.0232.66±0.46a5.89±1.76a4.68±2.38a4.75±3.22a4.69±0.09a6.18±1.81a3.90±0.84a
α-epi-依兰油醇154944.2467.97±1.72b9.57±1.24ab9.42±1.62ab6.16±2.98b7.68±0.09b13.79±4.69a7.86±2.63b
四氢熏衣草醇156945.2820.70±0.19c0.96±0.12b0.47±0.00d0.61±0.00cd−0.44±0.12d1.38±0.00a
叶绿醇201947.6160.80±0.43b0.71±0.00bc0.40±0.00bc−−1.86±0.55a1.68±0.72a
香叶基芳樟醇205649.0490.41±0.00−−−−−−
植物醇203051.9321.37±0.85bcd0.58±0.00d0.91±0.00cd3.43±2.23abc−4.16±2.63a3.63±1.29ab
醛类反式-2-己烯醛6689.02515.93±4.49a−−17.75±2.58a14.17±3.32a4.99±0b−
苯甲醛79314.1935.97±1.19d9.43±0.74c11.78±2.54c15.63±0.34b23.12±0.86a16.78±3.72b10.15±0.73c
2-苯基乙醛88118.31−−−14.06±0.83a16.45±1.27a13.36±4.38a8.20±1.35b
反式-2-壬烯醛99724.0720.85±0.00d1.80±0.00bc1.68±0bc3.09±0.92a2.18±0.94ab1.70±0.66bc1.94±0.60bc
癸醛104926.3991.86±0.55a2.10±1.63a1.56±0.16a2.29±0.70a1.88±0.47a2.05±0.07a1.28±0.24a
2,4-二甲基苯甲醛98228.0252.28±0.00c2.44±1.76c4.52±0.58bc3.19±0.88c2.43±0.14c7.50±2.38a6.08±0.38ab
2-乙基丁醛68528.163−−−8.26±0.00a7.20±0.34b5.55±1.25c2.27±0.50d
(9E)-9-十八烯醛185335.597−−−−2.14±0.10−−
酯类己酸乙酯82815.7331.10±0.00b6.36±0.44a6.74±1.31a7.89±2.69a−−−
乙酸叶醇酯83616.1015.95±2.28a6.37±0.37a−−−−−
(E)-3-己烯基丁酸酯102625.3656.39±0.74bc11.27±1.38a10.90±2.04a12.81±2.16a8.17±1.78b3.75±1.52cd1.68±0.42d
丁酸己酯103325.668−2.29±0.06b4.86±1.39a5.15±0.00a−−−
水杨酸甲酯83925.932166.32±6.56d226.76±25.86ab179.88±7.50cd252.95±27.97a203.74±15.17bc113.81±30.69e61.06±8.30f
二甲基丁酸叶醇酯117327.5412.14±0.28d8.67±1.28b9.31±1.64b13.40±2.85a7.93±0.74b5.33±1.32c2.48±0.37d
戊酸叶醇酯117827.7951.32±0.10−−−−−−
异戊酸反-2-己烯基酯117827.83−−−−−−3.70±0.41
乙酸苯乙酯109728.742−−2.12±0.05−−−−
(Z)-3-己烯-1-基当归酸酯116831.9−1.39±0.15d2.05±0.14c2.96±0.29a2.46±0.47b−−
(Z)-己酸-3-己烯酯123534.85516.97±0.05c37.30±2.70b43.98±4.90b68.45±10.62a42.23±9.79b35.79±8.78b20.15±2.06c
Z,Z-3-己烯酸-3-己烯酯124035.0592.28±0.22b3.07±0.01a3.64±0.35a3.64±0.99a−−−
己酸己酯124335.1661.96±0.20e11.28±0.82d18.99±1.74bc35.43±5.46a23.27±4.60b22.83±6.74b13.23±1.57cd
N-己酸(反-2-己烯基)酯124735.3345.78±0.00d25.45±2.02bc31.87±3.09b54.99±7.92a33.50±6.45b30.41±7.75b17.36±1.97c
丁酸苯乙酯121538.272−1.04±0.25c1.62±0.62bc1.66±0.07bc1.98±0.91b4.21±0.06a1.99±0.43b
苯甲酸己酯131542.5860.93±0.21d3.01±0.48c5.47±0.91a5.09±0.76ab3.67±0.04bc4.84±1.53ab3.08±0.57c
(E)-2-己烯基苯甲酸酯131942.7540.45±0.01c3.39±1.22b4.52±1.47b6.94±1.24a4.57±0.63b5.02±1.87ab3.26±0.67b
月桂酸乙酯142042.8172.50±0.61a2.26±0.57a1.81±0.61a−−−−
山嵛酸乙酯242042.825−−−−−1.61±0.19a1.52±0.68a
茉莉酸甲酯134243.8852.28±0.78b3.53±0.48b3.98±1.22b4.09±0.00b3.46±0.29b7.15±2.74a4.58±1.16b
(Z)-2-羟基-苯甲酸-3-己烯酯135244.4041.14±0.32c3.02±0.67b3.46±0.54ab3.40±0.53ab2.88±0.04b4.42±1.28a2.51±0.37b
肉豆蔻酸甲酯156845.224−−−0.51±0.07a−0.58±0.13a0.86±0.67a
肉豆蔻酸乙酯168846.262.01±0.59a1.67±0.53a1.38±0.55a0.63±0.00b−0.67±0.00b−
硬脂酸乙酯208846.267−−−−−0.62±0.15b0.80±0.19a
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯161347.3670.84±0.21a0.77±0.33a0.77±0.35a−−0.84±0.28a0.96±0.13a
棕榈酸甲酯173848.3450.33±0.00c2.24±0.46bc3.37±1.09b4.41±0.78b4.50±0.07b9.29±3.64a7.47±1.69a
棕榈酸乙酯186949.55511.84±3.42a10.82±2.81a7.86±3.89ab1.83±0.35c1.97±0.51c6.10±2.90bc4.79±1.50bc
亚油酸甲酯172251.627−−−0.97±0.28b−1.33±0.31a1.06±0.26ab
(8E,11E,14E)-8,11,14-二十碳三烯酸甲酯232551.743−−−1.04±0.34b−1.97±0.82a1.53±0.30ab
亚油酸乙酯205352.8212.25±0.35a1.83±0.70ab1.10±0.47bc−−0.97±0.73bc0.82±0.59cd
亚麻酸乙酯205652.9312.90±1.05a2.56±0.86a1.97±0.90ab−−1.59±0.73ab1.15±0.50bc
酮类香叶基丙酮132238.5573.50±0.48ab4.62±0.91a5.11±0.87a5.11±0.51a4.38±0.79a3.97±1.43ab2.78±0.27b
β-紫罗酮135239.8013.24±0.47d4.51±0.61c5.19±0.47bc5.94±0.76ab7.12±0.29a6.23±0.95ab4.17±0.74cd
茉莉内酯106140.1431.71±0.00c−6.42±0.00ab5.55±1.24b5.47±0.36b7.56±1.89a4.76±0.98b
植酮180447.0280.92±0.14b1.35±0.46ab1.19±0.68ab0.61±0.02bc−1.73±0.55a1.14±0.22ab
烯烃4-甲基-1-己烯7869.658−20.12±4.60a10.70±3.46c15.98±0.00b−−−
月桂烯102315.538−5.39±0.00b−5.28±0.84b6.02±0.00a−−
罗勒烯108018.2846.92±0.95a7.89±2.83a−−−−−
(E)-β-罗勒烯108118.329−−8.30±1.20−−−−
(Z)-1-乙氧基-4-甲基-2-戊烯87927.835−8.57±1.24b9.42±2.42b14.02±4.41a8.55±2.28b7.28±1.05b−
异香茅烯105335.599−−−3.57±0.36−−−
β-石竹烯159737.57.73±1.03bc11.53±1.58a11.52±1.98a10.99±1.78a7.57±1.61bc9.21±1.35ab6.20±0.75c
γ-榄香烯150537.866−3.09±0.55b3.06±0.66b5.30±1.18a−2.57±1.03b2.10±0.98b
大根香叶烯150537.868−−−−4.04±1.16−−
β-可帕烯150837.960.88±0.09e1.83±0.01b1.88±0.00b3.20±0.00a1.27±0.00d−1.38±0.00c
(E)-β-金合欢烯152838.7671.70±0.11bc2.24±0.45abc2.12±0.23abc2.83±0.25ab2.20±1.50abc3.11±0.41a1.59±0.05c
(R)-γ-杜松烯155139.7332.64±1.93b4.56±0.56a4.67±0.65a3.36±0.15ab3.29±0.00ab−2.38±0.00b
(+)-beta-柏木烯155139.7391.36±0.29b2.09±0.00a2.21±0.00a2.07±0.27a−−−
(Z,E)-alpha-法呢烯156040.1382.65±0.01−−−−−−
α-衣兰油烯156940.4993.02±0.40b8.17±0.62a6.06±2.60ab4.01±4.76b2.68±0.57b2.66±1.52b3.21±0.11b
α-法尼烯157140.57914.77±1.76d72.91±4.33a63.50±2.75ab57.44±8.52ab36.52±6.46c74.59±21.97a49.03±7.36bc
δ-杜松烯158241.0778.63±0.79c13.51±1.20ab12.52±1.03b12.96±1.88ab8.54±1.74c15.86±3.59a12.10±1.02b
菖莆烯158541.1912.07±0.86ab2.89±1.15a1.21±1.00b1.20±0.66b1.82±0.24ab2.38±0.28ab1.96±0.51ab
α-杜松烯159441.5970.44±0.11c3.13±0.54a1.77±0.00b0.48±0.00c−0.75±0.00c1.43±0.07b
α-二去氢菖蒲烯159741.7361.98±0.12c2.82±0.25abc2.81±0.82abc2.56±0.29bc2.29±0.70bc3.88±0.83a3.46±0.78ab
(3E,7E)-4,8,12-三甲基十三烷-1,3,7,11-四烯160241.9492.46±0.05bcd3.83±0.82a2.97±0.60ab2.35±0.46bcd1.91±0.33cd2.86±0.79abc1.63±0.26d
1,3-二异丙基-1,3-环戊二烯112242.8921.34±0.06b2.78±0.17ab2.60±0.73ab1.98±0.81ab1.59±0.00b3.16±1.06a2.58±1.45ab
(4E)-1-甲基-4-(6-甲基庚-5-烯-2-亚基)环己烯153143.373−1.82±0.04bc1.81±0.38bc2.20±0.21ab−2.50±0.00ab3.08±1.06a
(-)-α-蒎烯154544.067−−1.46±0.22c8.20±0.00a−4.84±0.00b−
新植二烯210146.9381.35±0.61b−−−−4.25±1.76a3.20±1.00a
其他1,2,4,5-四甲基苯106022.142.15±0.00a1.95±0.45a1.84±0.07ab2.17±0.15a2.16±0.13a1.93±0.42a1.31±0.56b
苯乙腈87823.0192.85±0.75cd6.67±1.18a5.99±0.57ab5.98±0.86ab4.29±1.00bc2.25±1.49d1.84±0.77d
吲哚84130.65915.29±2.11a8.74±1.39b4.32±0.40c3.09±0.56c−−−
香叶酸110033.391−−−3.92±0.00a−3.88±2.62a−
2,4-二叔丁基苯酚147340.6693.34±1.28b4.45±1.92ab3.47±0.13b5.52±0.13a−5.18±0.00a5.40±0.84a
2,5-二叔丁基酚141942.7575.59±0.00a−3.80±0.00b−−4.77±1.63ab−
咖啡因90747.2688.38±3.04c9.88±4.63c8.92±4.82c9.12±1.86c11.27±4.34bc27.68±11.34a20.53±3.38ab
), ArticleFig(id=1320880408770756683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880395785191437, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Volatile compounds with rOAV>1 during the processing of black tea

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称香味描述阈值
(μg/L)
rOAVACI(%)
XYYQWDRNFJCHCPXYYQWDRNFJCHCP
苯甲醛杏仁香750.9[13]7.9612.5615.6920.8230.7822.3513.520.0140.0160.0240.0250.0530.0640.067
(E)-β-罗勒烯柑橘香、薄荷香34[18]−−244.1−−−−−−0.38−−−−
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅰ花香320[13]147.07192.37144.97190.32186.3102.3776.420.2670.2480.2230.2320.3200.2940.381
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ花香320[13]274.57370.78281.77359.66357.28206.84154.410.4990.4770.4330.4380.6140.5950.769
芳樟醇花香6[13]45777.4262824.3252991.1463789.3743737.1222240.3912778.9183.14180.86681.47677.74575.12763.95163.655
苯乙醇花香750[13]17.6223.8825.0641.4545.5639.5921.960.0320.0310.0390.0510.0780.1140.109
水杨酸甲酯冬青油味40[13]4158.035669.124497.096323.665093.52845.311526.47.5527.2976.9147.7078.7498.1827.603
香叶醇玫瑰味、柑橘味40[13]841.621372.961272.733083.072551.271840.37930.581.5291.7671.9573.7584.3825.2924.635
吲哚花香40[14]382.35218.50107.9577.22−−−0.6940.2810.1660.094−−−
己酸己酯梨香、苹果香40[18]48.91282.11474.79885.71581.76570.65330.820.0890.3630.7301.0790.9991.6411.648
α-法尼烯甜玫瑰香450[15]32.83162.03141.11127.6581.16165.75108.960.0600.2090.2170.1560.1390.4770.543
反式-橙花叔醇木质香、花香、甜香10[16]3349.776513.375006.327062.595499.056697.664107.426.0848.3847.6978.6089.44619.25920.460
(Z)-己酸-3-己烯酯柔和,清新
干净的香气
781[17]21.7347.7656.3187.6554.0745.8225.800.0390.0610.0870.1070.0930.1320.129
), ArticleFig(id=1320880408837865548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880395785191437, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

红茶加工过程中rOAV>1的挥发性化合物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称香味描述阈值
(μg/L)
rOAVACI(%)
XYYQWDRNFJCHCPXYYQWDRNFJCHCP
苯甲醛杏仁香750.9[13]7.9612.5615.6920.8230.7822.3513.520.0140.0160.0240.0250.0530.0640.067
(E)-β-罗勒烯柑橘香、薄荷香34[18]−−244.1−−−−−−0.38−−−−
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅰ花香320[13]147.07192.37144.97190.32186.3102.3776.420.2670.2480.2230.2320.3200.2940.381
芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ花香320[13]274.57370.78281.77359.66357.28206.84154.410.4990.4770.4330.4380.6140.5950.769
芳樟醇花香6[13]45777.4262824.3252991.1463789.3743737.1222240.3912778.9183.14180.86681.47677.74575.12763.95163.655
苯乙醇花香750[13]17.6223.8825.0641.4545.5639.5921.960.0320.0310.0390.0510.0780.1140.109
水杨酸甲酯冬青油味40[13]4158.035669.124497.096323.665093.52845.311526.47.5527.2976.9147.7078.7498.1827.603
香叶醇玫瑰味、柑橘味40[13]841.621372.961272.733083.072551.271840.37930.581.5291.7671.9573.7584.3825.2924.635
吲哚花香40[14]382.35218.50107.9577.22−−−0.6940.2810.1660.094−−−
己酸己酯梨香、苹果香40[18]48.91282.11474.79885.71581.76570.65330.820.0890.3630.7301.0790.9991.6411.648
α-法尼烯甜玫瑰香450[15]32.83162.03141.11127.6581.16165.75108.960.0600.2090.2170.1560.1390.4770.543
反式-橙花叔醇木质香、花香、甜香10[16]3349.776513.375006.327062.595499.056697.664107.426.0848.3847.6978.6089.44619.25920.460
(Z)-己酸-3-己烯酯柔和,清新
干净的香气
781[17]21.7347.7656.3187.6554.0745.8225.800.0390.0610.0870.1070.0930.1320.129
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城步峒茶红茶加工过程中香气物质的动态变化
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2National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
3Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
4Fuliang County Tea Industry Development Center, Jingdezhen 333400, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320880401858543658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880395785191437, authorId=1320880401413947428, language=CN, stringName=罗娟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1湖南农业大学茶学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙 410128
2国家植物功能成分利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙 410128
3岳麓山实验室,湖南长沙 410128
4浮梁县茶产业发展中心,江西景德镇 333400, bio={"content":"

罗娟(1999−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:茶叶加工理论与新技术,E-mail:

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罗娟1, 2, 3, 4 , 沈瑜1, 2, 3, 肖力争1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1湖南农业大学茶学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙 410128
  • 2国家植物功能成分利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙 410128
  • 3岳麓山实验室,湖南长沙 410128
  • 4浮梁县茶产业发展中心,江西景德镇 333400
通讯作者:
肖力争(1963−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:茶叶加工理论与新技术,E-mail:。
作者简介:

罗娟(1999−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:茶叶加工理论与新技术,E-mail:

Dynamic Changes in Aroma Components of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa Black Tea during Processing
Juan LUO1, 2, 3, 4 , Yu SHEN1, 2, 3, Lizheng XIAO1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
  • 2National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
  • 3Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
  • 4Fuliang County Tea Industry Development Center, Jingdezhen 333400, China
出版时间: 2026-09-15 doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090178
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为探究城步峒茶红茶的关键香气物质和在加工过程中的形成规律。本研究采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(Headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS),系统分析了鲜叶(XY)、摇青(YQ)、萎凋(WD)、揉捻(RN)、发酵(FJ)、初烘(CH)和成品(CP)七个加工过程样的挥发性物质变化。并进行了主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)与正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis,OPLS-DA)及其置换检验,最后通过相对香气活度值(relative odor activity value,rOAV)、香气特征影响(Aroma character impact,ACI)筛选出关键香气成分。结果表明,城步峒茶红茶加工过程中的茶样共鉴定出107种挥发性物质,以醇类、酯类、烯烃类为主,整个加工过程中,醇类、酯类、其他类物质的相对含量总体呈波动下降趋势;醛类、酮类、烯烃类物质的相对含量则呈现波动上升的趋势,基于香气物质的相对含量建立的PCA和OPLS-DA模型可有效区分不同加工过程的茶样;进一步以VIP>1、rOAV>1且ACI>1%为筛选条件,确定芳樟醇、水杨酸甲酯、香叶醇、己酸己酯、反式-橙花叔醇五种物质共同构成了城步峒茶红茶花果甜香型的香气品质。芳樟醇、香叶醇、己酸己酯的相对含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,于揉捻阶段达到最高,分别为382.74、123.32和35.43 mg/L,反式-橙花叔醇其相对含量呈现波动增加的趋势,增幅为22.60%,水杨酸甲酯相对含量呈现波动下降的趋势,揉捻阶段含量达到最高点,为252.95 mg/L。本研究结果可为城步峒茶红茶香气品质解析提供一定理论参考依据。

城步峒茶红茶  /  香气物质  /  动态变化  /  加工过程  /  多元统计分析

In order to investigate the key aroma compounds of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea and their formation mechanism during processing, this study utilized headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) to systematically analyze the volatiles in fresh leaves (XY), shaking (YQ), withering (WD), rolling (RN), fermentation (FJ), initial drying (CH), and finished product (CP). Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) with permutation tests were performed. Key aroma compounds were identified using relative odor activity value (rOAV) and aroma character impact (ACI). Results revealed that during the processing, 107 volatile compounds were identified in the tea samples of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea primarily comprising alcohols, esters, and alkenes. During the whole processing process, the relative content of alcohols, esters and others showed a fluctuating downward trend. The relative content of aldehydes, ketones and olefins showed a fluctuating upward trend. The PCA and OPLS-DA models based on the relative content of aroma substances could effectively distinguish different processing samples. Further screening, with VIP>1, rOAV>1 and ACI>1% as the conditions determined that linalool, methyl salicylate, geraniol, hexyl hexanoate, trans-nerolidol and other five components together constituted the aroma quality of the sweet type of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea. The relative content of linalool, geraniol, and hexyl hexanoate showed an initial increase followed by a decline, peaking during the rolling stage at 382.74, 123.32, and 35.43 mg/L respectively. The relative content of trans-nerolidol showed a fluctuating upward trend, increasing by 22.60%. The relative content of methyl salicylate showed a fluctuating decrease, peaking at 252.95 mg/L during the rolling stage. The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for the analysis of the aroma quality of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea.

Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa black tea  /  aroma components  /  dynamic changes  /  processing  /  multivariate statistical analysis
罗娟, 沈瑜, 肖力争. 城步峒茶红茶加工过程中香气物质的动态变化. 食品工业科技, 2026 , 47 (18) : 360 -369 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090178
Juan LUO, Yu SHEN, Lizheng XIAO. Dynamic Changes in Aroma Components of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa Black Tea during Processing[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026 , 47 (18) : 360 -369 . DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090178
香气是评价茶叶品质好坏的关键参考依据之一,迄今为止,从茶叶挥发性成分中共分离鉴定出700余种香气物质,涵盖酯类、醇类、醛类、酮类、酸类、烯烃类及杂环化合物等[1]。茶叶的香气特征受茶树品种、加工工艺等多重因素的影响[2]。在红茶加工过程中,香气物质易被多酚氧化酶氧化催化及水解酶水解,从而直接影响成品茶的香气品质,因此了解加工过程中香气成分的变化规律有助于调控茶叶的香气品质。
城步峒茶(Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Duntsa)为湖南四大地方茶树群体资源之一[3],主要分布于湖南省城步苗族自治县,多为野生型茶树,是适制高等级红茶的优良茶树种质资源[4]。现有关于城步峒茶红茶的研究较少,且多数聚焦于城步峒茶种质资源的研究,李瑾[5]采用多组学技术分析和解释了城步峒茶的遗传背景信息,同时对城步峒茶的加工适制性进行了一些探索研究,为科学理解城步峒茶资源提供了依据。林娟等[6]通过形态学标记、细胞学标记、生化标记和分子标记四个不同类型的遗传标记综述了城步峒茶的特性:属于过渡型的茶树种质资源,是南方半乔木型大叶类,内含物质丰富,兼有较原始型性状与进化型性状。宁静等[7]收集筛选了17份有代表性的城步峒茶茶树资源进行生化成分评价鉴定和遗传多样性分析,初步筛选出了一批生化成分优异的资源。此外,杨拥军等[8]对城步峒茶红茶加工工艺进行了研究,对城步峒茶红茶制备过程中摇青工艺、萎凋工艺、干燥工艺进行了优化,获得最佳工艺流程和技术参数。
综上所述,现有研究均未涉及城步峒茶红茶加工过程中香气物质的组成与变化,香气物质对于城步峒茶品质的影响与关联尚不明确。因此,为深入了解城步峒茶红茶特征香气成分形成的化学基础及其对创新性加工工艺的影响,本研究采用HS-SPME-GC-MS检测城步峒茶红茶加工过程的挥发性物质,通过正交最小偏二乘分析(OPLS-DA)、相对香气活度值(rOAV)和香气特征影响值(ACI)等进行综合分析,以揭示其特征香气成分,为后续城步峒茶红茶生产加工提供理论依据。
茶鲜叶 城步峒茶群体种一芽二叶,均采于邵阳市城步苗族自治县大木山茶园,采摘时间为2023年7月上旬;癸酸乙酯标准品(99%) 上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司;C7~C26正构烷烃标准品 美国o2si公司。
TRACE1310-ISQ气相色谱质谱联用仪 赛默飞世尔科技有限公司;固相微萃取手柄、50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS固相微萃取头 美国Supelco公司。
经前期预实验,确定城步峒茶红茶加工技术参数如下:鲜叶依次经室内自然萎凋(薄摊2~3 cm厚,平均室温为27 ℃),萎凋过程中含水量达64%时,摇青1次(16 r/min,15 min),当萎凋14 h后,此时萎凋叶含水量达62%,上机揉捻(空揉30 min,轻揉10 min,重揉20 min,轻揉10 min),下机解块发酵(厚度3~4 cm,室温28 ℃,湿度90%,3 h),毛火(120 ℃约10 min,烘至七成干),摊凉(60 min),足火(95 ℃约30 min,烘至水分5%~6%)。重复加工三次。在红茶加工过程中,每个工序结束后立即取样,根据取样节点不同,样品分别标记为XY(鲜叶)、YQ(摇青)、WD(萎凋)、RN(揉捻)、FJ(发酵)、CH(初烘)、CP(成品茶)。每个过程取样3次重复,所有样品分别用锡箔纸包裹,立即置于液氮中迅速固样后置于-80 ℃超低温冰箱中保存。
顶空固相微萃取[9]:准确称取经研磨机粉碎后过40目筛的2.000 g茶样于15 mL萃取瓶中,再加入10 μL癸酸乙酯(8.64 mg/L)内标,以聚四氟乙烯密封,恒温水浴锅80 ℃中平衡10 min,固相微萃取头吸附50 min,GC-MS进样口解析5 min。
GC条件[10]:采用DB-5MS(0.25 μm×60.0 m×0.25 mm)色谱柱,载气为氦气(>99.999%),不分流进样,进样量1 μL,进样温度250 ℃,样品流速1.96 mL/min;柱温箱温度60 ℃,升温程序:初始温度为60 ℃,保留5 min,以3 ℃/min升至140 ℃,保留5 min,以10 ℃/min升至260 ℃,保留5 min。
MS条件[11]:离子源温度230 ℃,色谱接口温度220 ℃,电子轰击离子源,全扫描模式,质谱扫描范围45~500 m/z。
利用NIST标准谱库对GC-MS分析得到的色谱峰进行解析,保留相似度80%以上的物质,采用内标法对挥发性成分进行定量,各香气成分相对含量按下式计算。
$ {\text{C}}_{\text{x}}=\frac{{\text{C}}_{\text{i}}\times {\text{M}}_{\text{x}}}{{\text{M}}_{\text{i}}} $
式中:Cx为各香气成分相对含量(μg/L);Ci 为内标的浓度(μg/L);Mx为各香气成分的色谱峰面积;Mi为内标的色谱峰面积。
rOAV指相对香气活性值,为检测所得化合物相对浓度与其在水介质中的阈值(Overflow Threshold,OT)之比[12]。计算公式如下:
$\rm rOAV=rC_x/OT_x $
式中:rCx为香气成分x的相对浓度;OTx为文献[13−18]记载的该香气成分在水中的阈值(μg/L)。
ACI指香气特征影响值,为各挥发性成分的rOAV与挥发性成分的总rOAV之比。计算公式如下:
$\rm ACI(\text{%})=O_i/{\sum} _kO_k \times 100 $
式中,Oi表示香气物质i的rOAV;$\rm {\displaystyle\sum} _kO_k $表示香气物质的总rOAV。
所有数据均为3次重复的平均值,通过Excel2021对数据进行预处理,采用SPSS 25进行单因素方差分析;采用SIMCA-P14.1进行主成分分析(PCA)和正交最小偏二乘分析(OPLS-DA);采用GraphPad Prims 8.0.1作图。
本研究将城步峒茶红茶加工过程样品进行HS-SPME-GC/MS检测,结果如图1a和表1所示,共计鉴定出107种挥发性成分,涵盖32种醇类(占比29.91%)、31种酯类(占比28.97%)、25种烯烃(占比23.36%)、8种醛类(占比7.48%)、4种酮类(占比3.74%)、7种其他化合物(占比6.54%)。鲜叶样、萎凋样、揉捻样、发酵样、初烘样、成品样分别检测到81、79、83、83、61、76、70种挥发性化合物。这表明加工样中主要的香气物质是醇类、酯类、烯烃,与Yang等[19]对甜花香型红茶研究中指出醇类、酯类、烯烃类等为红茶的主要香气成分的结果相同。
醇类物质是城步峒茶红茶中占比最高的物质,主要来源于加工过程中糖苷水解、氨基酸及脂类氧化降解[20]。由图1a可知,醇类物质占比呈现波动下降的趋势,占比从鲜叶中35.80%,下降至成品干茶中的27.14%。由图1b所示,醇类物质相对含量在YQ阶段显著上升(828.36 mg/L),WD阶段(729.50 mg/L)变化幅度较小,RN阶段含量明显升高至997.90 mg/L,发酵后相对含量呈下降趋势,成品干茶中仅为368.01 mg/L,降幅达63.12%。大部分醇类物质的相对含量在干燥阶段大幅下降,与朱俊烨等[21]研究结果相同,可能是高温环境下,茶叶中的低沸点香气成分挥发[22]。由表1可知,加工过程中,相对含量较高的醇类物质包括芳樟醇(76.67~382.74 mg/L)、香叶醇(33.66~123.32 mg/L)、反式-橙花叔醇(33.50~70.63 mg/L)等。芳樟醇是相对含量最高的醇类物质,RN阶段达到最大值(382.74 mg/L),成品干茶中降至76.67 mg/L,降幅达79.97%。芳樟醇及其氧化物一般具花香、果香,对城步峒茶红茶的花香和果香有较大贡献。香叶醇是祁门红茶呈现“玫瑰花香”的特征香气物质,其变化趋势与芳樟醇一致,RN阶段含量最高(123.32 mg/L),CP中降至37.22 mg/L,降幅达69.82%。竹尾忠一等[23]将国内红茶分为三种类型,一种是高芳樟醇含量的红茶,一种是以香叶醇为主的红茶,第三类红茶则是介于二者之间。城步峒茶红茶加工过程中芳樟醇含量均远高于香叶醇含量,初步推断其属于第一类型红茶。反式-橙花叔醇具花香、甜香,对城步峒茶红茶的花香、甜香有一定的积极影响,其相对含量呈现波动增加的趋势,增幅为22.60%。
醛类物质是红茶清香和花香的重要来源。如图1a所示,醛类物质占比呈现波动上升趋势,从XY(6.17%)到WD阶段(4.82%)下降,RN(8.43%)至FJ阶段逐步上升,在FJ阶段上升至最大值(13.11%),随着干燥进行,下降至CP中的8.57%。如图1b所示,醛类相对含量也呈现波动上升的趋势,从XY到YQ,由26.90 mg/L下降至15.77 mg/L,此后逐步上升,FJ阶段相对含量达到最大值69.57 mg/L,干燥后含量大幅回落,下降至29.92 mg/L。红茶加工过程中相对含量较高的醛类物质有反-2-己烯醛(4.99~17.75 mg/L)、苯甲醛(5.97~23.12 mg/L)等。反-2-己烯醛具青苹果香、苦杏仁香,YQ和WD阶段消失,RN阶段含量上升至最大值(17.75 mg/L),CH中降至4.99 mg/L。苯甲醛具杏仁香,在加工过程中呈现先上升后下降的趋势,FJ阶段相对含量最高(23.12 mg/L),CP中降至10.15 mg/L。
酯类物质含量在城步峒茶红茶中仅低于醇类物质[21],主要呈现清香、花香、果香等典型香气属性[24],如图1a所示,酯类物质占比呈现上升-下降-上升的趋势,从鲜叶的24.69%上升至摇青叶的29.11%,再下降至发酵叶的22.56%,随着干燥进行,成品茶中占比大幅上升至最大值31.43%。如图1b所示,酯类物质相对含量在红茶加工过程中呈现波动下降的趋势。XY(237.69 mg/L)至YQ(376.37 mg/L)阶段上升,YQ至WD(351.67 mg/L)阶段下降,WD至RN阶段上升至最大值(488.26 mg/L),而后逐渐下降,CP中相对含量为156.03 mg/L。如表1所示,加工过程中含量较高的酯类物质主要有水杨酸甲酯(61.06~252.95 mg/L)、(Z)-己酸-3-己烯酯(16.97~68.45 mg/L)、N-己酸(反-2-己烯基)酯(5.78~54.99 mg/L)、己酸己酯(1.96~35.43 mg/L)等。水杨酸甲酯通常呈现出一定的冬青油味,为城步峒茶红茶贡献一定的清香,其含量变化与酯类物质变化趋势保持一致,揉捻结束时含量达到最高点,为252.95 mg/L。(Z)-己酸-3-己烯酯和N-己酸(反-2-己烯基)酯相对含量在RN阶段达到最大值,分别为68.45 mg/L和54.99 mg/L,在CP阶段降至20.15 mg/L和17.36 mg/L。己酸己酯具梨香、苹果香,对城步峒茶红茶果香有积极影响,加工过程中相对含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在揉捻叶中升至最高35.43 mg/L,成品茶下降至13.23 mg/L。
酮类物质一般具花香和甜香,加工过程中其物质占比总体呈现上升的趋势,如图1a所示,由鲜叶到摇青叶占比从4.84%稍下降至3.80%,此后逐步上升至成品茶5.71%。由图1b可知,酮类物质相对含量呈波动上升的趋势,含量由鲜叶9.36 mg/L升至萎凋叶的17.91 mg/L,随后下降,在发酵叶中为16.97 mg/L,初烘叶升至最大值,为19.49 mg/L,成品茶中降至12.85 mg/L。酮类物质由类胡萝卜素或糖苷降解生成。本研究中萎凋阶段和初烘阶段,酮类物质含量均呈上升趋势,说明酮类物质主要产生于萎凋阶段和发酵结束后,高温可能引发热降解[25]。加工过程中,主要的酮类物质有香叶基丙酮(2.78~5.11 mg/L)、β-紫罗酮(3.24~7.12 mg/L),两种物质均具花香,含量变化趋势也相同,均呈现上升-下降的趋势。香叶基丙酮在揉捻叶中含量达到最大值,为5.11 mg/L,β-紫罗酮的相对含量在发酵叶中含量达到最大值,为7.12 mg/L,此后在CP阶段回落至4.17 mg/L,其变化趋势与朱俊烨等[21]研究结果相同。
如图1a、图1b所示,烯烃类物质占比和相对含量在红茶加工过程中均呈现波动增加的趋势,与花香型黄山群体种红茶结果相同[26],与传统祁门红茶制作不同,宁井铭等[27]对传统祁门红茶香气物质进行分析,发现烯烃类物质含量呈现波动下降的趋势,这一差异可能表明摇青工艺对烯烃类物质含量有促进作用。同样,杨云[28]的研究也显示,做青对烯烃类含量有促进作用。4-甲基-1-己烯(10.70~20.12 mg/L)和α-法尼烯(14.77~74.59 mg/L)是加工过程中含量最高的烯烃类物质,4-甲基-1-己烯仅存在于摇青至揉捻阶段中,呈现下降-上升的趋势,从YQ(20.12 mg/L)至WD阶段,相对含量下降至最低(10.70 mg/L),WD至RN阶段稍有回升(15.98 mg/L)。α-法尼烯具甜玫瑰香,其相对含量呈现波动变化趋势,YQ(72.91 mg/L)至FJ阶段,含量显著下降至36.52 mg/L,初烘阶段大幅上升(74.59 mg/L),最后在成品茶中下降至49.03 mg/L。
其他类物质,例如吲哚,是乌龙茶呈现花香的重要物质,该物质具有典型的浓度依赖性香气特征:高浓度时呈现动物排泄物气味,而低浓度时则表现为清新花香[29]。本研究中吲哚含量在鲜叶中最高,随后在加工过程中逐渐下降,至初烘叶阶段已未检出。
对城步峒茶红茶加工过程中检测到的107种香气物质进行主成分分析,结果如图2所示,PC1得分为49.2%,PC2得分为25.1%,两个主成分累计贡献率为74.3%。加工过程样均位于95%置信区间内,随着红茶加工的进行香气物质逐渐变化,7个样品被进一步区分为3类,第一部分为鲜叶、摇青叶、萎凋叶;第二部分为揉捻叶、发酵叶;第三部分为初烘叶和成品叶,城步峒茶红茶不同加工阶段样品香气成分含量区分较明显。
为了更全面地归纳数据,较为客观地反映代谢物变化趋势,采用有监督的OPLS-DA分析区分不同加工过程阶段。从图3a可知,城步峒茶红茶的7个加工过程样实现了良好的区分,其中XY单独位于得分图的右上角,YQ和WD位于左上角,RN和FJ位于左下角,CH和CP位于右下角。进一步表明摇青、萎凋、揉捻、发酵、干燥等加工工序对城步峒茶红茶的加工过程有显著影响。且200次置换检验结果显示Q2回归线与纵轴的相交点均小于0,模型参数较为优秀,表明模型不存在过拟合,模型验证有效(R2=0.479,Q2=−1.02),认为该结果可用于城步峒茶红茶加工样挥发性物质的差异分析。
变量投影重要性(Variable importance in projection,VIP)可对OPLS-DA模型中每个变量对分类的贡献度进行量化,VIP值越大表明该变量对分类贡献越大,一般认为VIP>1的变量对分类具有重要贡献[30]。如图3c所示,以VIP>1为条件,共筛选出27种差异香气物质,包括13种醇类、4种酯类、3种醛类、4种烯烃、3种其他化合物,这些化合物在城步峒茶红茶加工过程中存在显著差异,可作为区分7个城步峒茶红茶过程样的差异挥发性成分。其中芳樟醇的差异贡献值最大,其VIP为3.78。除了芳樟醇氧化物Ⅱ(VIP=2.01)、芳樟醇氧化物Ⅰ(VIP=1.46)、水杨酸甲酯(VIP=2.86)、α-法尼烯(VIP=2.25)、香叶醇(VIP=2.19)等高含量香气物质能表征加工过程样的差异性,己酸己酯(VIP=1.32)、反式-2-己烯醛(VIP=1.51)、2,6-二甲基-3,7-辛二烯)-2,6-二醇(VIP=1.80)等低含量的香气物质VIP值也较高,说明含量低的化合物对于城步峒茶红茶加工过程样的差异性体现也具有重要意义。
目前通过计算OAV及其ACI值是食品中评估风味的主要方法之一[31−32],为深入分析城步峒茶红茶加工过程中关键香气物质的变化规律,对加工过程中的挥发性物质进行rOAV和ACI分析。rOAV大于1表明该物质对整体香气具有较大贡献,rOAV大于100表明具有显著贡献[33]。ACI值被用来评估特征香气物质影响大小[34],香气物质的ACI值越大,表明其对整体香气的贡献程度越高。
在PCA和OPLS-DA的基础上,对差异香气成分进行进一步筛选,由表2可知,共筛选出13种rOAV大于1的差异香气物质,其呈现的香型涵盖了花香、木香、果香、青草气、杏仁香。其中水杨酸甲酯(冬青油味)、香叶醇(玫瑰味、柑橘味)、己酸己酯(青草气、梨香、苹果香)、α-法尼烯(木质香、甜玫瑰香)、反式-橙花叔醇(木质香、花香、甜香)、芳樟醇及其氧化物(花香)等8种物质在大多数阶段的rOAV大于100,共有5种化合物在城步峒茶红茶成品中ACI值大于1%,分别是芳樟醇(63.655%)、反式-橙花叔醇(20.460%)、水杨酸甲酯(7.603%)、香叶醇(4.635%)、己酸己酯(1.648%)。综上所述,结合VIP>1、rOAV>1且ACI>1%的条件,推测芳樟醇、反式-橙花叔醇、水杨酸甲酯、香叶醇、己酸己酯五种物质,极有可能是城步峒茶红茶花果甜香型的香气品质的物质基础。
查阅相关文献[35],本研究根据VIP>1、rOAV>1且ACI>1%为条件鉴定的5种关键香气物质,其前体物质来源有4类:芳樟醇与香叶醇属于挥发性萜类(VTs);水杨酸甲酯属于氨基酸来源挥发物(AADVs);反式-橙花叔醇为挥发性萜类(VTs)和类胡萝卜素来源挥发物(CDVs);己酸己酯则属于脂肪酸来源挥发物(FADVs)。植物中的萜类物质一般通过甲基赤藓醇磷酸(MEP)途径、甲羟戊酸(MVA)途径形成初级氧化产物,再经萜类合成酶(TPS)催化生成[36]。芳樟醇和香叶醇分别由芳樟醇合酶(Linalool synthase,LIS)和香叶醇合酶(Geraniol synthase,GES)催化形成[37]。AADVs通常可由苯丙氨酸或支链氨基酸转化而来,而水杨酸甲酯则经由苯甲酸途径形成,该类物质具有独特的冬青油味[38]。反式-橙花叔醇的合成途径有两种,一种是通过MEP途径在TPS的催化下生成;另一种是通过类胡萝卜素在类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶(Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase,CCD)的催化下生成[39]。综上所述干茶中的反式-橙花叔醇、水杨酸甲酯、己酸己酯、芳樟醇及香叶醇,在加工过程中的生成可能分别涉及MEP与MVA途径、苯甲酸代谢途径和类胡萝卜素的降解途径。通过这些代谢途径,5种关键香气物质共同对城步峒茶红茶的香气特征起到重要影响。
本研究利用HS-SPME-GC-MS技术,对城步峒茶红茶加工全过程(鲜叶→摇青→萎凋→揉捻→发酵→初烘→成品)中挥发性物质进行检测,共检测出107种香气物质,包括32种醇类、31种酯类、25种烯烃、8种醛类、4种酮类以及7种其他化合物,其中醇类物质、酯类物质、烯烃类物质为主要香气成分。
整个加工过程中,醇类、酯类、其他类物质的相对含量总体呈波动下降趋势;相较于鲜叶,成品茶相对含量降低;相反地,醛类、酮类、烯烃类物质的相对含量则呈现波动上升的趋势,在干茶中的相对含量较鲜叶时期均有不同程度增长。整个加工过程中,相对含量较高的香气成分有芳樟醇及其氧化物、香叶醇、反式- 橙花叔醇、反-2-己烯醛、苯甲醛、水杨酸甲酯、(Z)-己酸-3-己烯酯、N-己酸(反-2-己烯基)酯、香叶基丙酮、β-紫罗酮、4-甲基-1-己烯和α-法尼烯等,基于VIP>1、rOAV>1且ACI>1%的原则,筛选出反式-橙花叔醇、水杨酸甲酯、己酸己酯、芳樟醇、香叶醇5种关键挥发性化合物可作为城步峒茶红茶香气品质的客观化学评价指标,这些香气物质具花香、甜香、冬青油味等香气特征。
本研究揭示了城步峒茶红茶加工过程中香气物质的变化规律,但由于茶叶香气是多种挥发性成分共同作用的结果,不同挥发性成分混合后对阈值的影响尚不明确,后续研究将通过香气缺失、香气重组等方法,系统解析关键香气物质的协同或拮抗效应,进一步促进城步峒茶红茶的质量控制及品质提升。

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2026年第47卷第18期
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doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025090178
  • 接收时间:2025-09-16
  • 首发时间:2026-10-24
  • 出版时间:2026-09-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-16
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    1湖南农业大学茶学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙 410128
    2国家植物功能成分利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙 410128
    3岳麓山实验室,湖南长沙 410128
    4浮梁县茶产业发展中心,江西景德镇 333400

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肖力争(1963−),男,博士,教授,研究方向:茶叶加工理论与新技术,E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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