Article(id=1320880262666367507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025070092, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1751904000000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792851995387, onlineDateStr=2026-10-24, pubDate=1789401600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792851995387, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792851995387, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792851995387, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320880262012056083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, year='2026', volume='47', issue='18', pageStart='1', pageEnd='613', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1789401600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792851995232, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921655980, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1321172440479290196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, issueId=1320880262012056083, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=306, endPage=315, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320880262922220053, articleId=1320880262666367507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=EN, title=Changes of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Chicken Soup during Stewing Process of Yellow-feathered Chicken Using Multiple Technologies Combined with PCA-BP Neural Network, columnId=1320880262846722580, journalTitle=Science and Technology of Food Industry, columnName=Modern Analysis and Intelligent Detection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
To investigate the changes in volatile flavor compounds in chicken soup during the stewing process of yellow-feathered chicken, headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electronic nose, and electronic tongue combined with PCA-BP neural network were used to study chicken soup samples at different cooking times (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 h). The results showed that as the stewing time increased, the color of the chicken soup became darker. A total of 35 volatile compounds were identified through GC-MS, primarily consisting of aldehydes and alcohols. The total content of volatile flavor compounds increased first and then decreased, and reached a peak after stewing for 2.0 h. GC-MS combined with OAVs value method identified 13 key volatile compounds, including 1-hexanol, 1-octene-3-ol, (E,E)-2,4-decadiena,l (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal, (Z)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-nonenal, (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-decenal, 2-pentylfuran, heptanal, hexanal, nonanal and octanal. Based on VIP values, 19 characteristic volatile compounds were screened, which could be used to distinguish 5 chicken soup samples. Significant differences in the electronic nose and electronic tongue of chicken soup samples with different stewing times, and these samples could be effectively distinguished by PCA and cluster analysis. The electronic tongue PCA-BP neural network model could accurately predict the stewing time of chicken soup samples and the linear relationship between the true value and the predicted value was good (R2=0.9998). The chicken soup stewed for 2.0 h showed significantly high scores for flavor, color, appearance, and overall acceptability. In conclusion, the optimal stewing time for chicken soup was 2.0 h. The results can be used as the basis for the flavor of the original chicken soup and pave the way for subsequent high-quality Chinese herbal chicken soup research.
, authors=Hongxia LÜ
1, Yongrui WANG
2, *, authorsList=Hongxia LÜ, Yongrui WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yongrui WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Science and Technology of Food Industry. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320880265837261349, articleId=1320880262666367507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, language=CN, title=多技术结合PCA-BP神经网络研究黄羽鸡炖煮过程中鸡汤挥发性风味物质变化, columnId=1320880262997717526, journalTitle=食品工业科技, columnName=现代分析与智能检测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
为研究黄羽鸡炖煮过程中鸡汤挥发性风味物质的变化,采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid-phase microextraction,HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱联用(gas-chromatographic mass-spectrometric,GC-MS)、电子鼻、电子舌结合PCA-BP神经网络对不同炖煮时间(0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0和2.5 h)鸡汤样品进行研究。结果表明,随着炖煮时间增加,鸡汤颜色变浓。通过GC-MS共鉴定出35种挥发性化合物,主要为醛类和醇类化合物。挥发性风味物质的总含量随炖煮时间先增加后降低,其中在炖煮2.0 h时达到了最高。GC-MS结合OAVs值法鉴定出关键挥发性物质13种,分别为1-己醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛、(Z)-2-庚烯醛、(E)-2-壬烯醛、(E)-2-辛烯醛、(E)-2-十一烯醛、2-戊基呋喃、庚醛、己醛、壬醛和辛醛。基于VIP值筛选出19种特征挥发性化合物,可用来区分5种鸡汤样品。不同炖煮时间鸡汤样品的电子鼻和电子舌数据存在显著差异,并能通过PCA及聚类分析有效区分。电子舌数据PCA-BP神经网络模型可准确预测鸡汤样品炖煮时间,真实值与预测值线性关系良好(R2=0.9998)。感官评价表明,炖煮2.0 h的鸡汤在风味、色泽、外观和总体可接受性方面得分很高。综上,鸡汤的最佳炖煮时间为2.0 h,研究结果可作为原始鸡汤的风味依据,为后续高质量的中药鸡汤研究作为铺垫。
, authors=吕虹霞
1, 王永瑞
2, *, authorsList=吕虹霞, 王永瑞, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王永瑞, authorNote=
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, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《食品工业科技》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Skpg0kiDKblqKgjPidDJrw==, magXml=9So0U0UsQDJ2zNZlpwrWRg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=anHw0mgUeHO0haTKgSjgPg==, pdfFileSize=3023774, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=LrZ/Wcqur6lq93Astcu+8Q==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=IRpiSZKtZg7fiSI2gKhieA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320880266239914541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lvhongxia-001@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320880266323800623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, authorId=1320880266239914541, language=EN, stringName=Hongxia LÜ, firstName=Hongxia, middleName=null, lastName=LÜ, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1Medical College, Xi'an International University, Xi'an 710077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320880266386715184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, authorId=1320880266239914541, language=CN, stringName=吕虹霞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1西安外事学院医学院,陕西西安 710077, bio={"content":"
吕虹霞(1984−),女,硕士,副教授,研究方向:有机合成、中药材有效成分提取分离鉴定,E-mail:lvhongxia-001@163.com
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吕虹霞(1984−),女,硕士,副教授,研究方向:有机合成、中药材有效成分提取分离鉴定,E-mail:lvhongxia-001@163.com
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1西安外事学院医学院,陕西西安 710077)])]), Author(id=1320880266449629746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=422972005@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320880266533515828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, authorId=1320880266449629746, language=EN, stringName=Yongrui WANG, firstName=Yongrui, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320880266613207605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, authorId=1320880266449629746, language=CN, stringName=王永瑞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2宁夏大学动物科技学院,宁夏银川 750021, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320880266151834153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880266164417066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, companyId=1320880266151834153, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2007, 23(7): 166−169., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320880266059559462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880266072142375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, companyId=1320880266059559462, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1Medical College, Xi'an International University, Xi'an 710077, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880266080530984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, companyId=1320880266059559462, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1西安外事学院医学院,陕西西安 710077)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320880266151834153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880266164417066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, companyId=1320880266151834153, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320880266168611371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, companyId=1320880266151834153, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2宁夏大学动物科技学院,宁夏银川 750021)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320880268081214023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Chicken soup samples with different stewing times, figureFileSmall=lAV3WE4EgZUCNTLBLhK6+A==, figureFileBig=LrZ/Wcqur6lq93Astcu+8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880268165100104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
不同炖煮时间鸡汤样品, figureFileSmall=lAV3WE4EgZUCNTLBLhK6+A==, figureFileBig=LrZ/Wcqur6lq93Astcu+8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880269960262218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Cluster heatmap of volatile flavor compounds in chicken soup samples with different stewing times, figureFileSmall=7owiBYPKE5DRJ6cnjqlyTg==, figureFileBig=LlHLOCaGvVfTmJkUKXGCww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270031565387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
不同炖煮时间鸡汤样品挥发性风味物质聚类热图注:图中括号数字为挥发性化合物编号。
, figureFileSmall=7owiBYPKE5DRJ6cnjqlyTg==, figureFileBig=LlHLOCaGvVfTmJkUKXGCww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270115451468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Analysis of the total content of volatile substances in different categories of chicken soup with different stewing times (a), types of categories (b), figureFileSmall=6d1PXlvAl1HBlPRYjs/Nxw==, figureFileBig=OlX6i/UjqDLtL9zZOgi2sA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270186754637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
不同炖煮时间鸡汤挥发性物质各类别总含量分析(a)、各类别种类图(b), figureFileSmall=6d1PXlvAl1HBlPRYjs/Nxw==, figureFileBig=OlX6i/UjqDLtL9zZOgi2sA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270262252110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
PLS score plot (a), loading plot (b), permutation test of PLS-DA model (c), and VIPs (d) of volatile compounds in chicken soup samples, figureFileSmall=ztrhSUxEWPLqtMwcLSZYyg==, figureFileBig=UtbeuchkAicmPo1OP3O0lw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270329360975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
鸡汤样品挥发性化合物PLS二维得分图(a)、二维载荷图(b)、PLS-DA模型的置换检验(c)和VIP排序(d)注:图(b)、图(d)中数字为挥发性化合物编号。
, figureFileSmall=ztrhSUxEWPLqtMwcLSZYyg==, figureFileBig=UtbeuchkAicmPo1OP3O0lw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270421635664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Radar plots of the responses of the sensor (a) and PLS score plot (b) of E-nose, figureFileSmall=3lGUCk8XHb/bB/LWkdL0Ow==, figureFileBig=hPc7TeN8RaenYScfZZHYpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270492938833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
电子鼻响应雷达图(a)和二维载荷图(b), figureFileSmall=3lGUCk8XHb/bB/LWkdL0Ow==, figureFileBig=hPc7TeN8RaenYScfZZHYpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270572630610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Radar plots of the responses of the sensor (a), PLS score plot (b), cluster analysis (c), PCA-BP neural network model (d), and model validation (e) of E-tongue, figureFileSmall=pbkyGJl30WGtrVTbFdQq6Q==, figureFileBig=Z2ulnNahpeRqsZE42w4jaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270639739475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
电子舌响应雷达图(a)、二维载荷图(b)、聚类分析(c)、PCA-BP神经网络模型(d)和模型验证(e), figureFileSmall=pbkyGJl30WGtrVTbFdQq6Q==, figureFileBig=Z2ulnNahpeRqsZE42w4jaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270706848340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Correlation analysis between the content of key volatile compounds in chicken soup and the data of E-nose, E-tongue, and sensory evaluation, figureFileSmall=l2dCB/aLDX4C7UiuQFZPwg==, figureFileBig=+6BLax5O62uRQZJSYjhkag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270782345813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
鸡汤中关键挥发性物质含量与电子鼻、电子舌及感官评价数据的相关性分析注:*代表显著相关(P<0.05)。
, figureFileSmall=l2dCB/aLDX4C7UiuQFZPwg==, figureFileBig=+6BLax5O62uRQZJSYjhkag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320880270849454678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Sensory evaluation criteria of chicken soup samples
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 0~3分 | 4~6分 | 7~9分 | 10分 |
|---|
| 外观 | 清水样/浑浊、浮沫 残留 | 浑浊 | 略微浑浊 | 均匀不浑浊 |
| 色泽 | 无色/灰暗 | 汤色发灰不 透亮 | 奶白浓稠 | 鲜亮、金黄 |
| 风味 | 无味/异味(腥味、腐败味、酸臭味等) | 略带腥味、脂 肪味缺乏肉香 | 浓郁肉香、脂肪味厚重 | 浓郁鲜香、肉香、 |
总体可 接受性 | 外观、色泽、风味 整体较差 | 外观、色泽、风味整体一般 | 外观、色泽、风味整体良好 | 外观、色泽、风味整体极佳 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320880270912369239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
鸡汤样品感官评价标准
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 0~3分 | 4~6分 | 7~9分 | 10分 |
|---|
| 外观 | 清水样/浑浊、浮沫 残留 | 浑浊 | 略微浑浊 | 均匀不浑浊 |
| 色泽 | 无色/灰暗 | 汤色发灰不 透亮 | 奶白浓稠 | 鲜亮、金黄 |
| 风味 | 无味/异味(腥味、腐败味、酸臭味等) | 略带腥味、脂 肪味缺乏肉香 | 浓郁肉香、脂肪味厚重 | 浓郁鲜香、肉香、 |
总体可 接受性 | 外观、色泽、风味 整体较差 | 外观、色泽、风味整体一般 | 外观、色泽、风味整体良好 | 外观、色泽、风味整体极佳 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320880270992061016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
OAVs and contribution rate of key volatile substance of chicken soup
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
关键挥发性 化合物 | 阈值 (μg/kg) | 0.5 h | | 1.0 h | | 1.5 h | | 2.0 h | | 2.5 h |
|---|
| OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) |
|---|
| 1-己醇 | 5.6 | 0.22±0.03b | 0.11±0.02a | | 0.35±0.06b | 0.09±0.07ab | | − | − | | 1.04±0.31a | 0.03±0.01b | | 0.14±0.04b | 0.03±0.01b |
| 1-辛烯-3-醇 | 1.5 | 4.60±1.28b | 2.26±0.71bc | | 23.92±8.84a | 4.71±0.84a | | 6.95±1.73b | 2.00±0.29c | | 22.07±4.1a | 0.70±0.08d | | 17.43±2.03a | 3.24±0.31b |
| (E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛 | 0.027 | 183.12±9.50b | 89.43±2.42bc | | 470.91±232.61b | 86.64±2.37c | | 320.58±85.49b | 91.09±1.41b | | 3074.86±233.61a | 97.78±0.21a | | 482.65±41.66b | 89.60±1.02bc |
| (E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛 | 1 | 1.66±0.28c | 0.81±0.16bc | | 3.29±1.37b | 0.63±0.06c | | 3.68±0.79ab | 1.07±0.16a | | 4.14±0.25ab | 0.13±0.01d | | 5.15±0.43a | 0.96±0.04ab |
| (Z)-2-庚烯醛 | 10 | 0.16±0.02b | 0.08±0.01cd | | 1.82±0.89a | 0.34±0.01a | | 0.37±0.05b | 0.11±0.03c | | 1.95±0.45a | 0.06±0.01d | | 1.28±0.15a | 0.24±0.02b |
| (E)-2-壬烯醛 | 0.19 | 3.16±0.99c | 1.54±0.46c | | 13.37±6.39ab | 2.49±0.06ab | | 7.07±1.56bc | 2.05±0.34bc | | 14.35±2.00a | 0.45±0.03d | | 14.08±1.26a | 2.62±0.17a |
| (E)-2-辛烯醛 | 3 | 0.42±0.05c | 0.20±0.03c | | 1.73±0.84ab | 0.32±0.01ab | | 0.98±0.21bc | 0.29±0.08b | | 2.09±0.27a | 0.07±0.00d | | 2.02±0.13a | 0.38±0.02a |
| (E)-2-十一烯醛 | 5 | − | − | | − | − | | 0.44±0.11c | 0.13±0.01b | | 1.29±0.14a | 0.04±0.00c | | 0.89±0.09b | 0.17±0.00a |
| 2-戊基呋喃 | 5.8 | 0.12±0.02c | 0.06±0.01c | | 0.59±0.25b | 0.11±0.01b | | − | − | | 1.55±0.41a | 0.05±0.01c | | 0.84±0.12b | 0.16±0.02a |
| 庚醛 | 2.8 | 0.61±0.22b | 0.30±0.10a | | 1.17±0.29a | 0.25±0.09ab | | − | − | | 0.99±0.27ab | 0.03±0.01c | | 0.79±0.11ab | 0.15±0.02bc |
| 己醛 | 5 | 5.31±1.77ba | 2.59±0.88a | | 12.00±3.50a | 2.48±0.82ab | | 4.41±0.97c | 1.29±0.29bc | | 9.23±2.20ab | 0.29±0.05d | | 9.19±2.60ab | 1.71±0.48ab |
| 壬醛 | 1.1 | 2.70±0.04c | 1.32±0.04a | | 4.99±2.02ab | 0.97±0.14b | | 3.25±0.89bc | 0.96±0.31b | | 6.53±0.92a | 0.21±0.01c | | 4.15±0.30bc | 0.77±0.10b |
| 辛醛 | 0.59 | 2.65±0.60b | 1.29±0.29a | | 4.76±1.23a | 0.99±0.34a | | 3.47±1.08ab | 1.00±0.21a | | 4.94±0.91a | 0.16±0.02b | | − | − |
), ArticleFig(id=1320880271071752793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
鸡汤关键挥发性物质OAVs及OAVs贡献率
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关键挥发性 化合物 | 阈值 (μg/kg) | 0.5 h | | 1.0 h | | 1.5 h | | 2.0 h | | 2.5 h |
|---|
| OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) | | OAVs | 贡献率(%) |
|---|
| 1-己醇 | 5.6 | 0.22±0.03b | 0.11±0.02a | | 0.35±0.06b | 0.09±0.07ab | | − | − | | 1.04±0.31a | 0.03±0.01b | | 0.14±0.04b | 0.03±0.01b |
| 1-辛烯-3-醇 | 1.5 | 4.60±1.28b | 2.26±0.71bc | | 23.92±8.84a | 4.71±0.84a | | 6.95±1.73b | 2.00±0.29c | | 22.07±4.1a | 0.70±0.08d | | 17.43±2.03a | 3.24±0.31b |
| (E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛 | 0.027 | 183.12±9.50b | 89.43±2.42bc | | 470.91±232.61b | 86.64±2.37c | | 320.58±85.49b | 91.09±1.41b | | 3074.86±233.61a | 97.78±0.21a | | 482.65±41.66b | 89.60±1.02bc |
| (E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛 | 1 | 1.66±0.28c | 0.81±0.16bc | | 3.29±1.37b | 0.63±0.06c | | 3.68±0.79ab | 1.07±0.16a | | 4.14±0.25ab | 0.13±0.01d | | 5.15±0.43a | 0.96±0.04ab |
| (Z)-2-庚烯醛 | 10 | 0.16±0.02b | 0.08±0.01cd | | 1.82±0.89a | 0.34±0.01a | | 0.37±0.05b | 0.11±0.03c | | 1.95±0.45a | 0.06±0.01d | | 1.28±0.15a | 0.24±0.02b |
| (E)-2-壬烯醛 | 0.19 | 3.16±0.99c | 1.54±0.46c | | 13.37±6.39ab | 2.49±0.06ab | | 7.07±1.56bc | 2.05±0.34bc | | 14.35±2.00a | 0.45±0.03d | | 14.08±1.26a | 2.62±0.17a |
| (E)-2-辛烯醛 | 3 | 0.42±0.05c | 0.20±0.03c | | 1.73±0.84ab | 0.32±0.01ab | | 0.98±0.21bc | 0.29±0.08b | | 2.09±0.27a | 0.07±0.00d | | 2.02±0.13a | 0.38±0.02a |
| (E)-2-十一烯醛 | 5 | − | − | | − | − | | 0.44±0.11c | 0.13±0.01b | | 1.29±0.14a | 0.04±0.00c | | 0.89±0.09b | 0.17±0.00a |
| 2-戊基呋喃 | 5.8 | 0.12±0.02c | 0.06±0.01c | | 0.59±0.25b | 0.11±0.01b | | − | − | | 1.55±0.41a | 0.05±0.01c | | 0.84±0.12b | 0.16±0.02a |
| 庚醛 | 2.8 | 0.61±0.22b | 0.30±0.10a | | 1.17±0.29a | 0.25±0.09ab | | − | − | | 0.99±0.27ab | 0.03±0.01c | | 0.79±0.11ab | 0.15±0.02bc |
| 己醛 | 5 | 5.31±1.77ba | 2.59±0.88a | | 12.00±3.50a | 2.48±0.82ab | | 4.41±0.97c | 1.29±0.29bc | | 9.23±2.20ab | 0.29±0.05d | | 9.19±2.60ab | 1.71±0.48ab |
| 壬醛 | 1.1 | 2.70±0.04c | 1.32±0.04a | | 4.99±2.02ab | 0.97±0.14b | | 3.25±0.89bc | 0.96±0.31b | | 6.53±0.92a | 0.21±0.01c | | 4.15±0.30bc | 0.77±0.10b |
| 辛醛 | 0.59 | 2.65±0.60b | 1.29±0.29a | | 4.76±1.23a | 0.99±0.34a | | 3.47±1.08ab | 1.00±0.21a | | 4.94±0.91a | 0.16±0.02b | | − | − |
), ArticleFig(id=1320880271151444570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Sensory evaluation of chicken soup samples with different stewing times
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 0.5 h | 1.0 h | 1.5 h | 2.0 h | 2.5 h |
|---|
| 外观 | 5.38±0.14e | 6.27±0.12d | 6.55±0.11c | 8.77±0.13a | 8.22±0.14b |
| 色泽 | 5.37±0.12d | 6.27±0.17c | 6.53±0.05c | 8.49±0.26a | 7.52±0.14b |
| 风味 | 4.16±0.84c | 4.73±0.08bc | 5.26±0.20b | 7.44±0.25a | 7.21±0.15a |
| 总体可接受性 | 5.35±0.08e | 5.77±0.04d | 6.17±0.07c | 8.22±0.13a | 7.60±0.07b |
), ArticleFig(id=1320880271226942043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1260987677001138203, articleId=1320880262666367507, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
不同炖煮时间鸡汤样品的感官评价
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 0.5 h | 1.0 h | 1.5 h | 2.0 h | 2.5 h |
|---|
| 外观 | 5.38±0.14e | 6.27±0.12d | 6.55±0.11c | 8.77±0.13a | 8.22±0.14b |
| 色泽 | 5.37±0.12d | 6.27±0.17c | 6.53±0.05c | 8.49±0.26a | 7.52±0.14b |
| 风味 | 4.16±0.84c | 4.73±0.08bc | 5.26±0.20b | 7.44±0.25a | 7.21±0.15a |
| 总体可接受性 | 5.35±0.08e | 5.77±0.04d | 6.17±0.07c | 8.22±0.13a | 7.60±0.07b |
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